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Ambrinoite, (K,NH4)2(As,Sb)8S13 H2O, a New Mineral from Upper Susa Valley, Piedmont

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Ambrinoite, (K,NH4)2(As,Sb)8S13 H2O, a New Mineral from Upper Susa Valley, Piedmont American Mineralogist, Volume 96, pages 878–887, 2011 . Ambrinoite, (K,NH4)2(As,Sb)8S13 H2O, a new mineral from Upper Susa Valley, Piedmont, Italy: The first natural (K,NH4)-hydrated sulfosalt CRISTIAN BIAGIONI,1 ELENA BONACCORSI,1,2,* MARCO PASERO,1 YVES MOËLO,3 MARCO E. CIRIOTTI,4 DANILO BERSANI,5 ATHOS MARIA CALLEGARI,6 AND MASSIMO BOIOCCHI7 1Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, I-56126 Pisa, Italy 2Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy 3Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France 4Associazione Micromineralogica Italiana, Via San Pietro 55, I-10073 Devesi-Ciriè, Italy 5Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 7/a, I-43100 Parma, Italy 6Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy 7Centro Grandi Strumenti, Università di Pavia, Via Bassi 21, I-27100 Pavia, Italy ABSTRACT Ambrinoite, ideally (K,NH4)2(As,Sb)8S13⋅H2O, occurs as a rare sulfosalt species in the Triassic evaporitic formation of Gessi (gypsum) outcropping near the hamlet of Signols (Oulx, Susa Valley, Torino, Piedmont, Italy). The new species is associated with sulfur and orpiment; in the same occurrence galkhaite, stibnite, and enargite were also identified. Ambrinoite occurs as aggregates of tabular crystals up to 1 mm in length. The color is red, with an orange-red streak; the luster is vitreous to resinous. The 2 mineral is transparent; its microhardness VHN(10 g) = 30 kg/mm , corresponding to a Mohs hardness of about 2. Electron microprobe analysis gives the empirical formula [K1.43(NH4)0.42Na0.02Tl0.01]Σ=1.88 (As5.82Sb2.18)Σ=8.00S13.22⋅1.2H2O, close to stoichiometric [K1.5(NH4)0.5]Σ=2(As6Sb2)Σ=8S13⋅H2O; the calculated density is 3.276 g/cm3. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of water and ammonium cation. Ambrinoite is triclinic, space group P1, with a = 9.704(1), b = 11.579(1), c = 12.102(2) Å, α = 112.82(1), β = 103.44(1), γ = 90.49(1)°, V = 1211.6(3) Å3, Z = 2. The strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines [d in Å (I) (hkl)] are: 10.78 (100) (001), 5.79 (55) (021), 4.23 (35) (102), 5.31 (34) (102), 5.39 (32) (002). Its crystal structure has been solved by X-ray single-crystal diffraction on the basis of 2667 unique reflections, with a final R = 0.035. It is formed by two kinds of modules: slabs (110)PbS of modified PbS archetype (type A slabs) and openwork slabs with channels accomodating + (K,NH4) cations and H2O molecules (type B slabs). Its structure can be described as an order-disorder (OD) structure, built up by two different kinds of layers. Taking into account only the short (As,Sb)-S bonds, (As,Sb)S3 triangular pyramids form double chains similar to those described in other natural and synthetic compounds, among which its homeotype gillulyite, as well as gerstleyite. Ambrinoite belongs to the hutchinsonite merotypic family. It is probably the product of late-stage hydrothermal fluid circulation. The name of this new mineral species (IMA 2009-071) honors Pierluigi Ambrino (b. 1947), the mineral collector who kindly provided us with the studied specimens. Keywords: Ambrinoite, sulfosalt, potassium, ammonium, crystal structure, gillulyite, Signols, Upper Susa Valley, Torino, Piedmont, Italy INTRODUCTION dolomite, gypsum, halite, hematite, a (Li,Mg)-rich mica, pyrite, The Upper Susa Valley (Piedmont, Italy) is characterized by quartz, sphalerite, sulfur, and tourmaline. Damarco and Barresi the relative abundance of evaporitic outcrops, belonging to the (2005) reported also the occurrence of fluorite, orpiment, and Triassic “Gessi” (gypsum) formation. These evaporites, which stibnite. Finally, Biagioni et al. (2010) described the findings of are part of the Pennidic Domain, are usually associated with enargite and of the very rare sulfosalt galkhaite. detachment horizons separating ophiolitic and oceanic units from The aim of this paper is the description of ambrinoite, a new continental units. In particular, in the area of Signols, the Gessi sulfosalt from Upper Susa Valley. The new species and its name formation is located between the ophiolitic units of Roche de have been approved by the CNMNC of the IMA (no. 2009-071). l’Aigle and of Vin Vert, and the continental units of Vallonetto It is named after Pierluigi Ambrino (b. 1947), the mineral col- and Ambin (Polino 1999). lector who provided us with the studied specimens. The type The mineralogy of these evaporitic rocks was studied by material is deposited in the mineralogical collection of the Museo Colomba (1898, 1909), who described the presence of anhydrite, di Storia Naturale e del Territorio, University of Pisa, under the catalog number 19500; the cotype specimen is deposited in the mineralogical collection of the Museo Regionale di Scienze * E-mail: [email protected] Naturali, Torino, with catalog number M/15824. 0003-004X/11/0506–878$05.00/DOI: 10.2138/am.2011.3723 878.
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