DOCSLIB.ORG

Occurrence and Abundance of Cereal Nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces in Turkey1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Occurrence and Abundance of Cereal Nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces in Turkey1 Türk. entomol. derg., 2020, 44 (2): 223-236 ISSN 1010-6960 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16970/entoted.668561 E-ISSN 2536-491X Original article (Orijinal araştırma) Occurrence and abundance of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces in Turkey1 Konya ve Karaman (Türkiye) illerinde tahıl nematodlarının dağılımı ve popülasyon yoğunluğu Elif YAVUZASLANOĞLU2* Mehmet Sait KARACA3 Özlem ATEŞ SÖNMEZOĞLU4 Atilla ÖCAL5 Halil İbrahim ELEKCİOĞLU6 Metin AYDOĞDU7 Abstract Distribution and populations of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman Provinces were investigated in 2016 and 2017. Root lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953, Pratylenchus neglectus Rensch, 1924 and Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 (Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae), were found at 69, 7 and 17 locations, respectively. Cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984 (Tylenchida, Heteroderidae), was found at 33 locations. Stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida, Anguinidae), was not found in any samples. Pratylenchus spp. were found in 40.5% (6±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) and Heterodera spp. in 29% (3±1cysts 250 g dry soil-1) of the soil samples. Ditylenchus spp. (32.6%, 18±3 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) and Tylenchus spp. (21.4%; 12±3 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) were widely distributed. Paratylenchus spp. (0.9%; 1±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) and Pratylenchoides spp. (0.5%; 1±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) were found in few locations and in low abundance. Aphelenchus spp. (39.1%; 33±5 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) and Aphelenchoides spp. (51.2%; 52±7 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) were identified as the fungal-feeding nematodes. Acrobeloides (65.1%; 109±13 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) and Cephalobus (19.1%; 7±1 nematodes 100 g dry soil-1) were the most abundant bacterial-feeding nematode genera. Keywords:Free living nematodes, Heterodera spp., morphometrics, Pratylenchus spp., species-specific PCR Öz Konya ve Karaman illerinde tahıl alanlarında nematodlarının dağılımı ve popülasyonları 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında araştırılmıştır. Kök yara nematodları; Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953, Pratylenchus neglectus Rensch, 1924 ve Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 (Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae) sırasıyla 69, 7 ve 17 lokasyonda tespit edildi. Tahıl kist nematodu Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984 (Tylenchida, Heteroderidae) 33 lokasyonda bulunmuştur. Soğan sak nematodu, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936 (Tylenchida, Anguinidae) incelenen örneklerde bulunmamıştır. Pratylenchus spp. toprak örneklerinde %40.5 (6±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) ve Heterodera spp. %29 (3±1 kist 250 g kuru toprak-1) oranında tespit edilmiştir. Ditylenchus spp. (%32.6; 18±3 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) veTylenchus spp. (%21.4, 12±3 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1)’nin yaygın olarak dağıldığı belirlenmiştir. Paratylenchus spp. (%0.9, 1±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) ve Pratylenchoides spp. (%0.5; 1±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) birkaç lokasyonda ve düşük yoğunlukta bulunmuştur. Aphelenchus spp. (%39.1; 33±5 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) ve Aphelenchoides spp. (%51.2; 52±7 nematodes 100 g kuru toprak-1) fungal beslenen türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Acrobeloides (%65.1; 109±13 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) ve Cephalobus (%19.1; 7±1 nematod 100 g kuru toprak-1) en yoğun bulunan bakteriyel beslenen nematod cinsleridir. Anahtar sözcükler:Serbest yaşayan nematodlar, Heterodera spp., morfometrik ölçümler, Pratylenchus spp., türe özgü PCR 1 This study was supported by Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects Commission, Karaman, Turkey, Project No: 17-YL-17. 2 Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, 70100, Karaman, Turkey 3 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, International Bahri Dagdas Agricultural Research Institute, Department of Plant Protection, 42050, Konya, Turkey 4 Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, 70100, Karaman, Turkey 5 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ataturk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Department of Plant Health, 77102, Yalova, Turkey 6 Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Saricam, 01330, Adana, Turkey 7 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Central Research Institute for Field Crops, Department of Geographic Information Systems, 06560, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey * Corresponding author (Sorumlu yazar) e-mail: [email protected] Received (Alınış): 07.01.2020 Accepted (Kabul ediliş): 26.02.2020 Published Online (Çevrimiçi Yayın Tarihi): 26.03.2020 223 Occurrence and abundance of cereal nematodes in Konya and Karaman provinces in Turkey Introduction Cereals have an important place in the human diet and in animal feed throughout the world. Konya Province has the highest cereal production on the Central Anatolian Plateau of Turkey. Excluding maize, cereals are produced over 1.2 Mha, which is the 11.7% of Turkey production area (about 10 Mha) in Konya and Karaman Provinces. Cereal production in the provinces is about 3.5 Mt, 12.5% of the total production in Turkey (28 Mt) (TÜİK, 2019). Nematodes are round worms that include parasitic and free living species found in the rhizosphere region of the soil. Nematodes are grouped according to their feeding characteristics (Yeates et al., 1993). Around the world, the most damaging nematode species in cereals are root lesion and cereal cyst nematodes, and likewise in Turkey (Nicol et al., 2003; Imren et al., 2012; Abd-Elgawad & Askary, 2015; Toktay et al., 2015). The yield losses in wheat caused by cereal cyst and root lesion nematodes were reported up to 50% on the Central Anatolian Plateau of Turkey (Nicol & Ortiz-Monastterio, 2004). Cereal cyst nematodes of Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) Stelter, 1984, Heterodera latipons Franklin, 1969 and Heterodera mani Mathews, 1971 (Tylenchida, Heteroderidae) were found in cereals on the Central Anatolian Plateau (Enneli et al., 1994; Rumpenhorst et al.,1996; Ozturk et al., 1998; Abidou et al., 2005; Yavuzaslanoglu et al., 2012). Pratylenchus thornei Sher & Allen, 1953 and Pratylenchus neglectus Rensch, 1924 (Tylenchida, Pratylenchidae) were prevalent species of root lesion nematodes on the Central Anatolian Plateau (Yavuzaslanoglu et al., 2012). Morphology and morphometrics are the basic methods in nematode diagnosis. However, generally there is considerable variation between the specimens investigated witin a species; the studies require experience and are time consuming. In particular, Pratylenchus spp. has considerable intraspecific variation. Additionally, the low number of diagnostic features, depending on the reproductive strategy of the species necessitates molecular identification (Castillo &Vovlas, 2007). Molecular characterization is a practical and reliable method, and supports nematode diagnosis studies. To date, data on root lesion nematodes on the Central Anatolian Plateau of Turkey were based on morphological and molecular identification. The study aimed to investigate the root lesion nematodes using molecular methods in addition to morphology and morphometrics. The long-term assessment of nematode communities in cereal growing areas provides important information on the damaging potential of parasitic nematodes and also effect of free living nematodes on soil fertility and sustainability. Hence, monitoring nematode communities in regulated terms is required; especially nematode communities on the production areas of strategic plant species. For this purpose, the occurrence and abundance of nematodes in cereal production areas in Konya and Karaman Provinces which represent the largest cereal production area of Turkey were investigated in 2016-2017. The most damaging plant-feeding nematode species were identified using the species-specific PCR technique. Materials and Methods Sampling locations Wheat and barley planted fields in Konya and Karaman Provinces on the Central Anatolian Plateau were sampled for the prevalence and population estimation of the nematodes in the years of 2016 and 2017. A total of 215 plant and soil samples were collected representing the districts systematically stopping every 3-4 km. Sixty-one samples were collected from Karaman Province and 154 samples were collected from Konya Province. The sampling was performed in April 2016 and 2017 for migratory nematodes. Cereal cyst nematode (CCN) cysts were sampled from the same locations with migratory nematodes in July- August 2017. The samples were taken every 15-20 paces in a zigzag pattern from 15-20 points constituting two kg of a bulk sample in a field. A 2.5 cm diameter soil corer was used for soil sampling to a depth of 30 cm. The plant samples were collected from the same points as the soil cores. The sampled cereal fields were mapped using a GPS. 224 Yavuzaslanoglu et al., Türk. entomol. derg., 2020, 44 (2) Nematode extraction and population estimation The nematodes were extracted from the plant and soil samples using a modified Baermann funnel technique (Hooper, 1986a). Three plants were used for the nematode extraction which was performed separately for each plant. The nematode counts from the plant samples were presented as average number per plant. These plant samples were incubated for 1 d and the soil samples for 2 d for the nematode extraction. The percentage of the moisture of each soil samples was calculated drying 10 g of fresh soil in an oven at 90ºC for 2 d. The nematode
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 DOI
    Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i1.260-265.2959 Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology Available online, ISSN: 2148-127X | www.agrifoodscience.com | Turkish Science and Technology Evaluation of Agricultural Mechanization Level of Karaman Province Ender Kaya1,a,*, Aykut Örs2,b 1Vocational School of Technical Sciences Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey 2Provincial Coordination Unit, Agriculture and Rural Development Institute, 42110 Konya, Turkey *Corresponding author A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T The main purpose of this study is to determination of agricultural structure and mechanization Research Article features of agricultural enterprises in Karaman province. The main material of the study is statistical data of Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI) of 2009 – 2018 years for Karaman province. According to the data of Karaman province in 2009 and 2018, the average tractor power is 34.92 kW and 35.33 Received : 15/09/2019 kW; the average tractor power per cultivated areas 2.45 kWha-1 and 1.93 kWha-1; the number of Accepted : 02/12/2019 tractors per 1,000 ha is 52.27 and 40.76; the cultivated area per tractor is 19.13 ha and 24.54 ha, respectively. The number of equipment per tractor is 10.66 and 9.86, and the number of combine harvester per 1,000 ha is 0.47 and 0.55. Keywords: Agricultural structure Combine harvester Mechanization level Tractor Karaman Türk Tarım – Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 8(1): 260-265, 2020 Karaman İlinin Tarımsal Mekanizasyon Düzeyinin Değerlendirilmesi M A K A L E B İ L G İ S İ Ö Z Bu çalışmanın amacı; Karaman ilindeki tarım işletmelerinin tarımsal yapı ve mekanizasyon Araştırma Makalesi özelliklerinin belirlenmesidir.
    [Show full text]
  • Haplophyllum Ermenekense (Rutaceae), a New Species
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 111: 119–131 (2018)Haplophyllum ermenekense (Rutaceae), a new species... 119 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.111.24241 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Haplophyllum ermenekense (Rutaceae), a new species from Turkey Deniz Ulukuş1, Osman Tugay2 1 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey 2 Department of Phar- maceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Corresponding author: Deniz Ulukuş ([email protected]) Academic editor: M. Appelhans | Received 5 February 2018 | Accepted 24 September 2018 | Published 22 November 2018 Citation: Ulukuş D, Tugay O (2018) Haplophyllum ermenekense (Rutaceae), a new species from Turkey. PhytoKeys 111: 119–131. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.111.24241 Abstract A new species of Haplophyllum, Haplophyllum ermenekense (Rutaceae) is described and illustrated in line drawing. It grows on stony slopes of Ermenek town, Karaman province, in southern Turkey. It is com- pared with the closely related species H. myrtifolium. H. ermenekense is distinguished from the morpho- logically similar H myrtifolium chiefly by sepal shape, petal size, capsule size, presence of capsule hair and appendage form. On the other hand, the seed coat and pollen grains surface of H. ermenekense and H. myrtifolium are demonstrated in SEM photographs. In addition to the detailed description, the illus- tration, distribution map, conservation status and ecology of the new species are also provided. Keywords Endemic, Haplophyllum, Karaman, Rutaceae, taxonomy Introduction With its 69 species, Haplophyllum Jussieu is one of the richest genera in the Rutaceae fam- ily (Townsend 1986, Navarro et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Industriall Global Union Letter to Turkish Legislators 29-10-2014[1]
    Geneva, 29 October 2014 To: All Members of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey IndustriALL Global Union calls on legislators of Turkey to ratify and implement ILO C176 on Safety in Mines Dear Respected Member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, I am writing to you on behalf of IndustriALL Global Union, which represents more than 50 million workers in mining, energy and manufacturing industries in some 141 countries, to strongly urge you to support and pursue the ratification and implementation of International Labour Organization Convention 176 on safety and health in mines by the Turkish Parliament. This renewed call comes as hopes are fading today for at least eighteen miners trapped by flooding 300 metres underground in the Has Sekerler coalmine near the town of Ermenek in Karaman province. Though the cause has not yet been established of the water surging into the mine, it is the strong belief and argument of IndustriALL Global Union that every mine accident is preventable. Turkey’s mineworkers are put under life-threatening danger daily by an unregulated industry. Now it is simply not an option for Turkey’s government to ignore the calls for action on safety and health in mines. We were greatly heartened to note the recent news of the Turkish Cabinet sending a bill to Parliament to ratify ILO C176. Passing of the bill would represent a noble gesture to the grieving families of the 301 mineworkers murdered by a dangerous system in Soma on 13 May. The bill however is still pending on the Parliament’s agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • 42 Osm. Ars. Book.Indb
    The Causes of Rural Migrations in th Century Ottoman Society* Cengiz Şeker** 18. Yüzyıl Osmanlı Toplumunda Taşra Kaynaklı Göçlerin Nedenleri Öz Devlet tarafından yürütülen güdümlü göçler yanında, Osmanlı toplumunda iradi göçlere de her zaman rastlanmıştır. Kanûnî Sultan Süleyman döneminden itibaren ikinci tür göçü yasaklayan fermanlar çıkarılmışsa da bu nüfus hareketi hiçbir zaman bütünüyle önlenememiştir. 18. yüzyılda gerçekleşen taşra kaynaklı göçler, bu yüzyılda Osmanlı toplumsal ve iktisadi düzeninde gözlenen değişimle yakından ilişkilidir. Ekonominin nakdileşmesi ve merkezi yönetimin zayıflaması şeklinde özetlenebilecek bu süreçte devlet malikâne yöntemini yaygınlaştırmak suretiyle vergi gelirlerini nakit olarak merkezi hazinede toplamaya çalışmıştır. Malikâne uygulamasının yaygınlaşması askeri sınıfla birlikte, askeri sınıfın ortak ve temsilcisi sıfatıyla yerel güç odaklarının siyasi ve iktisadi açıdan güçlenmesine yol açmıştır. 18. yüzyılda taşra kaynaklı göçlerde rol oynayan; taşra teşkilatı görevlilerinin suistimali, kanunsuz tekâlif tahsilatı, güvenliğin zedelenmesi gibi etkenler ise bu gelişmenin sonuçları arasında sayılabilir. Anahtar kelimeler: İradi Göçler, Reaya, Malikâne Sistemi, Askeri Sınıf, Taşra Teşkilatı, Tekâlif Tevzi ve Tahsili 1. Introduction It is known that the Ottoman Empire tried to arrange and control population movements for certain purposes through specific measures. However, it cannot be said that population migration in Ottoman society consisted solely of those movements. From the period of Sulaiman I (1520-1566), imperial orders were issued that prohibited voluntary migrations. This prohibition, however, could not * I am grateful to Seyfi Kenan, Baki Çakır and Cherly Jacklin-Piraino for their valuable suggestions and contributions. ** Ph.D., Economic Historian. Osmanlı Araştırmaları / The Journal of Ottoman Studies, XLII (2013), 207-231 207 THE CAUSES OF RURAL MIGRATIONS prevent population movements; migration from rural areas continued in the 18th century, just as they had under previous rulers.
    [Show full text]
  • Table 2. Geographic Areas, and Biography
    Table 2. Geographic Areas, and Biography The following numbers are never used alone, but may be used as required (either directly when so noted or through the interposition of notation 09 from Table 1) with any number from the schedules, e.g., public libraries (027.4) in Japan (—52 in this table): 027.452; railroad transportation (385) in Brazil (—81 in this table): 385.0981. They may also be used when so noted with numbers from other tables, e.g., notation 025 from Table 1. When adding to a number from the schedules, always insert a decimal point between the third and fourth digits of the complete number SUMMARY —001–009 Standard subdivisions —1 Areas, regions, places in general; oceans and seas —2 Biography —3 Ancient world —4 Europe —5 Asia —6 Africa —7 North America —8 South America —9 Australasia, Pacific Ocean islands, Atlantic Ocean islands, Arctic islands, Antarctica, extraterrestrial worlds —001–008 Standard subdivisions —009 History If “history” or “historical” appears in the heading for the number to which notation 009 could be added, this notation is redundant and should not be used —[009 01–009 05] Historical periods Do not use; class in base number —[009 1–009 9] Geographic treatment and biography Do not use; class in —1–9 —1 Areas, regions, places in general; oceans and seas Not limited by continent, country, locality Class biography regardless of area, region, place in —2; class specific continents, countries, localities in —3–9 > —11–17 Zonal, physiographic, socioeconomic regions Unless other instructions are given, class
    [Show full text]
  • Agricultural Origins on the Anatolian Plateau PNAS PLUS
    Agricultural origins on the Anatolian plateau PNAS PLUS Douglas Bairda,1, Andrew Fairbairnb, Emma Jenkinsc, Louise Martind, Caroline Middletona, Jessica Pearsona, Eleni Asoutia, Yvonne Edwardsd, Ceren Kabukcua, Gökhan Mustafaoglu˘ e, Nerissa Russellf, Ofer Bar-Yosefg, Geraldine Jacobsenh, Xiaohong Wu (吴小红)i, Ambroise Bakerj, and Sarah Elliottk aDepartment of Archaeology, Classics, and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, L697WZ, United Kingdom; bSchool of Social Science, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; cDepartment of Archaeology, Anthropology, and Forensic Science, Bournemouth University, BH12 5BB Dorset, United Kingdom; dInstitute of Archaeology, University College London, WC1 0PY London, United Kingdom; eDepartment of Archaeology, Bülent Ecevit University, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey; fCornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; gDepartment of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; hAustralian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia; iSchool of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, People’s Republic of China; jDepartment of Geography, University College London, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom; and kDepartment of Archaeology, University of Exeter, EX4 4QE Exeter, United Kingdom Edited by Dolores R. Piperno, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, and approved January 26, 2018 (received for review January 11, 2018) This paper explores the explanations for, and consequences of, the A key region for testing our understanding of the economic, early appearance of food production outside the Fertile Crescent social, and cultural history of food production, as it spread, is the of Southwest Asia, where it originated in the 10th/9th millennia high-altitude Central Anatolian plateau, which has some of the cal BC. We present evidence that cultivation appeared in Central earliest evidence for the development of sedentary and agricul- Anatolia through adoption by indigenous foragers in the mid tural societies beyond the Fertile Crescent.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    The World Bank Report No: ISR15075 Implementation Status & Results Turkey Turkey Land Registration and Cadastre Modernization Project (P106284) Operation Name: Turkey Land Registration and Cadastre Modernization Project Stage: Implementation Seq.No: 12 Status: ARCHIVED Archive Date: 24-Jun-2014 Project (P106284) Public Disclosure Authorized Country: Turkey Approval FY: 2008 Product Line:IBRD/IDA Region: EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA Lending Instrument: Specific Investment Loan Implementing Agency(ies): General Directorate for Land Registry and Cadastre Key Dates Public Disclosure Copy Board Approval Date 01-May-2008 Original Closing Date 30-Sep-2013 Planned Mid Term Review Date 15-Apr-2011 Last Archived ISR Date 31-Dec-2013 Effectiveness Date 13-Aug-2008 Revised Closing Date 31-Dec-2014 Actual Mid Term Review Date 30-May-2011 Project Development Objectives Project Development Objective (from Project Appraisal Document) The overall goal of the project is to contribute to government agenda to improve quality and effectiveness of public services through spreading and making effective e- government applications. The specific objective of the proposed project is to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the land registry and cadastre services. This objective will be achieved through: (i) renovating and updating cadastre maps to support digital cadastre and land registry information; (ii) making the digital land registry and cadastre information available to public and private entities (iii) improving customer services in land registry and cadastre
    [Show full text]
  • TR52 NUTS 2 REGION (Konya-Karaman) 2023 VISION
    TR52 NUTS 2 REGION (Konya-Karaman) 2023 VISION REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................... 1 TABLE OF CHARTS ......................................................................................................................................... 3 THE PLAN OF FUTURE TOWARDS 2023 ........................................................................................................ 5 Global Trends and Expectations ................................................................................................................... 5 Expected Developments in the Countries of European Union and in the Nearby Regions ......................... 7 The Developments in the European Union .................................................................................................. 7 The Developments in Neighboring Countries .............................................................................................. 9 The Expected Developments at the National Level ................................................................................... 10 The Expected Development in the Regions close to Konya-Karaman ....................................................... 13 AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ............................................................................................................................. 17 BACKGROUND ...........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 686-698, 2021 Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(1): 686-698, 2021 ISSN: 2146-0574, Eissn: 2536-4618
    Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(1): 686-698, 2021 Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(1): 686-698, 2021 ISSN: 2146-0574, eISSN: 2536-4618 Tarım Ekonomisi / Agricultural Economy DOI: 10.21597/jist.778408 Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article Geliş tarihi / Received: 09-08-2020 Kabul tarihi / Accepted: 24-09-2020 An Analysis on the Perception of Small Ruminant Breeders to Climate Change and The Factors Affecting Adaptation: A Case Study of Karaman Province Murat DEMİRBÜK1* ABSTRACT: Agricultural production relies heavily on the climate, which has been changing constantly in recent years. This study conducted in order to determine small ruminant breeders' perception of climate change, their adaptation strategies and barriers to adaptation. The meteorological data obtained from Karaman Provincial Directorate of Meteorology between 1970-2019 were used to notice the changes in climate. Primary data was obtained through a survey with the members of Sheep and Goat Breeders Union. The sample size, according to the random sampling method, composed 118 breeders the data was analyzed by binary logistic regression method. The dependent variable in the model is adaptation status and 12 independent variables were determined. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, age, experience, attitude towards innovations, believing or not believing in climate change and witnessing extreme weather events in the region were found statistically significant. While the others, gender, educational background, number of animals, farm size, other income, agricultural income and total income, were found statistically insignificant (P<0.05). The usage of concentrate feed, forage crop production, diversity in agricultural production and breeding more resistant species against diseases and droughts were identified as major adaptation practices.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Survey of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia Species in Cattle from Karaman of Turkey, Including a Novel Tandem Report of Anaplasma Marginale Msp1a Gene
    Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 66, 255-260, 2019 DOI: 10.33988/auvfd.456594 Molecular survey of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in cattle from Karaman of Turkey, including a novel tandem report of Anaplasma marginale msp1a gene Mehmet Fatih AYDIN1a, Sezayi ÖZÜBEK2b, Münir AKTAŞ2c 1Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karaman; 2Fırat University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Elazığ, Turkey. aORCID: 0000-0002-8325-4887, bORCID: 0000-0001-5231-2258, cORCID: 0000-0002-3188-8757 Corresponding author: [email protected] Received date: 31.08.2018 - Accepted date: 06.05.2019 Abstract: Tick-borne pathogens cause serious health problems and loss of productivity in domesticated and wild animals. A molecular study was performed to detect the frequency of infection with Anaplasma/Ehrlichia (A/E) in cattle from Karaman province of Turkey. Venous blood samples were taken from 150 apparently healthy cattle in 2016. After amplification the hypervariable V1 region of the 16S rRNA gene of A/E species, a reverse line blot (RLB) assay was performed using species-specific probes. Since some samples gave signal only to A/E catch-all probe, the samples analyzed in terms of major surface proteins (MSPs) of Anaplasma marginale. Genetic diversity and tandem repeat analysis were made for msp1α gene sequences of A. marginale. Anaplasma-like bodies were detected in four (2.66%) animals via microscopic examination. Anaplasma centrale was detected in eight (5.33%) animals via RLB. When the samples were examined in terms of A. marginale msp1a gene with semi-nested PCR, a total of nine (6.00%) animals [six of them (4.00%) were positive for A.
    [Show full text]
  • Jobs-Diagnostic-Turkey.Pdf
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized DIAGNOSTIC Public Disclosure Authorized TURKEY Public Disclosure Authorized Page 1 of 114 © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA. Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org. Some rights reserved This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: Aysenur Acar and Ximena Del Carpio. 2019. “Turkey Jobs Diagnostic” World Bank, Washington, DC. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO.
    [Show full text]
  • Tam Metin(PDF)
    International SOCIAL SCIENCES STUDIES JOURNAL SSSjournal (ISSN:2587-1587) Economics and Administration, Tourism and Tourism Management, History, Culture, Religion, Psychology, Sociology, Fine Arts, Engineering, Architecture, Language, Literature, Educational Sciences, Pedagogy & Other Disciplines in Social Sciences Vol:5, Issue:30 pp.1018-1036 2019 / February / Şubat sssjournal.com ISSN:2587-1587 [email protected] Article Arrival Date (Makale Geliş Tarihi) 13/01/2019 The Published Rel. Date (Makale Yayın Kabul Tarihi) 28/02/2019 Published Date (Makale Yayın Tarihi) 28.02.2019 OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDE İÇİL SANCAĞI'NDA YAŞANAN EŞKIYALIK OLAYLARINA BAKIŞ OVERVIEW OF BANDİTRİY EVENTS IN THE OTTOMAN PERIOD IN THE İÇEL SANJAK Mehmet TAŞ Article Type : Research Article/ Araştırma Makalesi Doi Number : http://dx.doi.org/10.26449/sssj.1287 Reference : Taş, M. (2019). “Osmanlı Döneminde İçil Sancağı'nda Yaşanan Eşkıyalık Olaylarına Bakış”, International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 5(30): 1018-1036. ÖZ İçil Sancağı, Osmanlı topraklarına dahil olduğu 15.yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren başlangıçta Karaman eyaletinin daha sonra ise Adana eyaletinin bir sancağı olarak Osmanlı idare sistemindeki yerini almıştır. Başlıca kazaları Mamuriye,Selendi,Mut,Silifke,Sinanlı ve Ermenek olmuştur.Bu sancak hem zengin bir coğrafi çeşitlilik hem de farklı aşiretlerden oluşan sosyolojik bir zenginliği içinde barındırmaktadır. Burası sarp dağlar, yüksek yaylalar, derin vadiler yanında Tekeli, Menemenci, Bahşiş, Kara Keçili ve Sarı Keçili gibi bir çok yörük kökenli topluluğa ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Dağlık ve engebeli coğrafi yapısı nedeniyle tarım arazilerinin az olması bir yüzyıl önce hayvancılığın en önemli geçim kaynaklarından birisi halini almasını sağlamıştır. İçel Sancağı coğrafi olarak dağlık ve engebeli bir görünüm arz etmektedir. Burada Toros sıradağları ve bunların denize uzanış yönü beraberinde birçok sorunu da getirmiştir.
    [Show full text]