A Survey on Virtualization Technologies
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Virtual Machine Technologies and Their Application in the Delivery of ICT
Virtual Machine Technologies and Their Application In The Delivery Of ICT William McEwan accq.ac.nz n Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology Christchurch, New Zealand [email protected] ABSTRACT related areas - a virtual machine or network of virtual machines can be specially configured, allowing an Virtual Machine (VM) technology was first ordinary user supervisor rights, and it can be tested implemented and developed by IBM to destruction without any adverse effect on the corporation in the early 1960's as a underlying host system. mechanism for providing multi-user facilities This paper hopes to also illustrate how VM in a secure mainframe computing configurations can greatly reduce our dependency on environment. In recent years the power of special purpose, complex, and expensive laboratory personal computers has resulted in renewed setups. It also suggests the important additional role interest in the technology. This paper begins that VM and VNL is likely to play in offering hands-on by describing the development of VM. It practical experience to students in a distance e- discusses the different approaches by which learning environment. a VM can be implemented, and it briefly considers the advantages and disadvantages Keywords: Virtual Machines, operating systems, of each approach. VM technology has proven networks, e-learning, infrastructure, server hosting. to be extremely useful in facilitating the Annual NACCQ, Hamilton New Zealand July, 2002 www. Annual NACCQ, Hamilton New Zealand July, teaching of multiple operating systems. It th offers an alternative to the traditional 1. INTRODUCTION approaches of using complex combinations Virtual Machine (VM) technology is not new. It was of specially prepared and configured OS implemented on mainframe computing systems by the images installed via the network or installed IBM Corporation in the early 1960’s (Varian 1997 pp permanently on multiple partitions or on 3-25, Gribben 1989 p.2, Thornton 2000 p.3, Sugarman multiple physical hard drives. -
OLD PRETENDER Lovrenc Gasparin, Fotolia
COVER STORY Bochs Emulator Legacy emulator OLD PRETENDER Lovrenc Gasparin, Fotolia Gasparin, Lovrenc Bochs, the granddaddy of all emulators, is alive and kicking; thanks to regular vitamin jabs, the lively old pretender can even handle Windows XP. BY TIM SCHÜRMANN he PC emulator Bochs first saw the 2.2.6 version in the Universe reposi- box). This also applies if you want to the light of day in 1994. Bochs’ tory; you will additionally need to install run Bochs on a pre-Pentium CPU, such Tinventor, Kevin Lawton, distrib- the Bximage program. (Bximage is al- as a 486. uted the emulator under a commercial li- ready part of the Bochs RPM for open- After installation, the program will cense before selling to French Linux ven- SUSE.) If worst comes to worst, you can simulate a complete PC, including CPU, dor Mandriva (which was then known always build your own Bochs from the graphics, sound card, and network inter- as MandrakeSoft). Mandriva freed the source code (see the “Building Bochs” face. The virtual PC in a PC works so emulator from its commercial chains, re- leasing Bochs under the LGPL license. Building Bochs If you prefer to build your own Bochs, or an additional --enable-ne2000 parameter Installation if you have no alternative, you will first to configure. The extremely long list of Bochs has now found a new home at need to install the C++ compiler and de- parameters in the user manual [2] gives SourceForge.net [1] (Figure 1). You can veloper packages for the X11 system. you a list of available options. -
The First Attempt Our Next Attempt Conclusion
Dr. Henry Neeman, Director of Oscer Chris Franklin, Computer Science undergrad, IT employee Dr. Horst Severini, Associate Director for Remote & Heterogeneous Computing Joshua Alexander, Computer Engineering undergrad, IT employee What is Condor®? The first attempt ® Condor is a program developed by the University of Wisconsin to allow desktop computers to The initial solution we devised was to install VMWare® within a native Linux install, and then to install Windows inside VMWare®. The steps harness idle time to perform computationally intensive operations. See were: “http://www.cs.wisc.edu/condor/” for more information about Condor®. 1. Install Linux as the native host operating system Why do you need it? 2. Install Condor inside Linux 3. Install VMWare® inside Linux ® Condor® provides free computing cycles for scientific and research use, which extends current 4. Install Windows inside VMWare super-computing resources by adding additional computing time. We installed this solution on approximately 200 lab computers across OU’s campus during the summer of 2005. During testing, we noticed a significant performance decrease using Windows inside VMWare®. To alleviate this problem, we changed VMWare® to use raw disk mode. This mode significantly increased disk performance inside VMWare®. If this is so simple, why can’t I just install it? Once we deployed VMWare® in the labs, several more issues appeared: ® Most scientific and research programs are designed for Linux, but most desktops are running • CD/DVD Burning from inside VMWare did -
Introduction to Virtualization Virtualization
Introduction to Virtualization Prashant Shenoy Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 1 Virtualization • Virtualization: extend or replace an existing interface to mimic the behavior of another system. – Introduced in 1970s: run legacy software on newer mainframe hardware • Handle platform diversity by running apps in VMs – Portability and flexibility Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 2 Types of Interfaces • Different types of interfaces – Assembly instructions – System calls – APIs • Depending on what is replaced /mimiced, we obtain different forms of virtualization Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 3 Types of Virtualization • Emulation – VM emulates/simulates complete hardware – Unmodified guest OS for a different PC can be run • Bochs, VirtualPC for Mac, QEMU • Full/native Virtualization – VM simulates “enough” hardware to allow an unmodified guest OS to be run in isolation • Same hardware CPU – IBM VM family, VMWare Workstation, Parallels,… Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 4 Types of virtualization • Para-virtualization – VM does not simulate hardware – Use special API that a modified guest OS must use – Hypercalls trapped by the Hypervisor and serviced – Xen, VMWare ESX Server • OS-level virtualization – OS allows multiple secure virtual servers to be run – Guest OS is the same as the host OS, but appears isolated • apps see an isolated OS – Solaris Containers, BSD Jails, Linux Vserver • Application level virtualization – Application is gives its own copy of components that are not shared • (E.g., own registry files, global objects) - VE prevents conflicts – JVM Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 5 Examples • Application-level virtualization: “process virtual machine” • VMM /hypervisor Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 6 The Architecture of Virtual Machines J Smith and R. -
Virtual Environment for Ipv6 Analysis
Virtual Environment for IPv6 Analysis ____________________________ Ricardo Alexander Saladrigas Advisor: Dr. Anna Calveras Barcelona DEDICATION To my parents, for giving me opportunities of immeasurable value and supporting me and my farfetched ideas. To my near family, for their accumulated efforts of improving our collective life. And to Maria Alexandra Siso, Robert Baumgartner, Alyssa Juday and Marc Ramirez for keeping me sane. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I extend my gratitude to everyone that has made my work possible. I express my thanks to the communities of VirtualBox, StackOverflow, ServerFault and Ubuntu Help as well as the Reddit communities for Linux and Networking for answering all my technical questions in detail and without prejudice I would like to thank Dr Anna Calveras for her guidance and patience. ii RESUMEN Nuestro objetivo fue la creación de una red compuesta de máquinas virtuales conectadas de forma específica a través de interfaces virtuales y con una seria de protocolos pre configurados que permiten la fácil creación de túneles IPv6 y traductores IPv6 a IPv4. Esta red les permitirá a profesores y estudiantes analizar y observar trafico IPv6 real sin la necesidad de una red física. La red está compuesta de múltiples Máquinas Virtuales Ubuntu y una Máquina Virtual Windows 7. La red puede ser fácilmente instalada en un ordenador corriendo Ubuntu o una distribución basada en Ubuntu. Un USB arrancable fue desarrollado para usar la red en un ordenador sin la necesidad de una instalación o de un sistema operativo especifico. Todas las máquinas virtuales Linux pueden fácilmente ser controladas a través de una terminal sin necesidad de clave utilizando una serie de scripts. -
Windows Subsystem for Linux
LINUX 101 ... FOR .NET DEVS Oliver Sturm • @olivers • [email protected] OLIVER STURM Training Director at DevExpress Consultant, trainer, author, software architect and developer for over 25 years Contact: [email protected] Linux 101 2 / 37 AGENDA That Linux Thing Getting Started with Linux Shells, Command Lines and Commands File Systems and Permissions Users and Processes Editing and Configuring Packages Creating a .NET Core App Setting Up a Runtime Environment Linux 101 3 / 37 ON DAY 1... From: Linus Benedict Torvalds Date: August 25 1991 Subject: What would you like to see most in minix? Hello everybody out there using minix - I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. PS. It is NOT protable (uses 386 task switching etc), and it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as that's all I have :-(. Full thread: http://osturm.me/torvalds-linux-announcement Linux 101 4 / 37 ON DAY 1... From: Linus Benedict Torvalds Date: August 25 1991 Subject: What would you like to see most in minix? Hello everybody out there using minix - Y THE AY I'm Bdoin g a ( Wfree) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones. Linus doesn't mention it, but his new OS was going to be PS. called It Freaxis NO Tat p thisrota bpoint.le (uses 386 task switching etc), and it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks, as that's all I have :-(. -
Virtualizing Servers with Xen
Virtualization Xen Features Escalabilidade Performance QoS Implementation Future Virtualizing servers with Xen Evaldo Gardenali VI International Conference of Unix at UNINET Virtualization Xen Features Escalabilidade Performance QoS Implementation Future Outline Virtualization Xen Features Scalability Performance Quality of Service Implementation Future of Xen Virtualization Xen Features Escalabilidade Performance QoS Implementation Future Overview Why? Support heterogeneous environments: Linux r 2.4 e 2.6, NetBSD r , Plan9 r FreeBSD r , OpenSolaris r Consolidate work Legacy Systems Gradual Upgrade Service Isolation Quality of Service Isolated testing and development Ease of administration Ease of relocation and migration Virtualization Xen Features Escalabilidade Performance QoS Implementation Future Virtualization Techniques Single System Image: Ensim r , Vservers, CKRM, VirtuozzoTM, BSD r jail(), Solaris r Zones √ Groups processes in “resource containers” Hard to get isolation × Emulation: QEMU, Bochs √ Portable Extremely slow × Virtualization: VMware r , VirtualPC r √ Runs unmodified Operating Systems Virtualizing x86 is inefficient × User Mode Kernel: User Mode Linux, CoLinux Guest runs as a process on the host OS × Low performance (I/O, context switches) × Paravirtualization: Xen r , Denali √ Excellent performance Requires port to special architecture × Virtualization Xen Features Escalabilidade Performance QoS Implementation Future Virtualization Techniques Single System Image: Ensim r , Vservers, CKRM, VirtuozzoTM, BSD r jail(), Solaris -
Virtualization of Linux Based Computers: the Linux-Vserver Project
VirtualizationVirtualization ofof LinuxLinux basedbased computers:computers: thethe LinuxLinux--VServerVServer projectproject BenoBenoîîtt desdes Ligneris,Ligneris, Ph.Ph. D.D. [email protected] Objectives:Objectives: Objectives:Objectives: 1)1) PresentPresent thethe availableavailable programsprograms thatthat cancan provideprovide aa virtualizationvirtualization ofof LinuxLinux computerscomputers withwith differentdifferent technologies.technologies. Objectives:Objectives: 1)1) PresentPresent thethe availableavailable programsprograms thatthat cancan provideprovide aa virtualizationvirtualization ofof LinuxLinux computerscomputers withwith differentdifferent technologies.technologies. 2)2) FocusFocus onon LinuxLinux--VServers:VServers: aa veryvery lightweightlightweight andand effectiveeffective technologytechnology forfor thethe regularregular LinuxLinux useruser notnot interstedintersted inin KernelKernel hacking.hacking. PlanPlan PlanPlan ● IntroductionIntroduction PlanPlan ● IntroductionIntroduction ● OverviewOverview ofof thethe availableavailable technologytechnology PlanPlan ● IntroductionIntroduction ● OverviewOverview ofof thethe availableavailable technologytechnology ● ClassificationClassification ofof thethe problems:problems: usageusage criteriacriteria PlanPlan ● IntroductionIntroduction ● OverviewOverview ofof thethe availableavailable technologytechnology ● ClassificationClassification ofof thethe problems:problems: usageusage criteriacriteria ● ComparativeComparative studystudy ofof thethe existingexisting -
Operating System
OPERATING SYSTEM INDEX LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM LESSON 2: FILE SYSTEM – I LESSON 3: FILE SYSTEM – II LESSON 4: CPU SCHEDULING LESSON 5: MEMORY MANAGEMENT – I LESSON 6: MEMORY MANAGEMENT – II LESSON 7: DISK SCHEDULING LESSON 8: PROCESS MANAGEMENT LESSON 9: DEADLOCKS LESSON 10: CASE STUDY OF UNIX LESSON 11: CASE STUDY OF MS-DOS LESSON 12: CASE STUDY OF MS-WINDOWS NT Lesson No. 1 Intro. to Operating System 1 Lesson Number: 1 Writer: Dr. Rakesh Kumar Introduction to Operating System Vetter: Prof. Dharminder Kr. 1.0 OBJECTIVE The objective of this lesson is to make the students familiar with the basics of operating system. After studying this lesson they will be familiar with: 1. What is an operating system? 2. Important functions performed by an operating system. 3. Different types of operating systems. 1. 1 INTRODUCTION Operating system (OS) is a program or set of programs, which acts as an interface between a user of the computer & the computer hardware. The main purpose of an OS is to provide an environment in which we can execute programs. The main goals of the OS are (i) To make the computer system convenient to use, (ii) To make the use of computer hardware in efficient way. Operating System is system software, which may be viewed as collection of software consisting of procedures for operating the computer & providing an environment for execution of programs. It’s an interface between user & computer. So an OS makes everything in the computer to work together smoothly & efficiently. Figure 1: The relationship between application & system software Lesson No. -
Comparison of Platform Virtual Machines - Wikipedia
Comparison of platform virtual machines - Wikipedia... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_platform... Comparison of platform virtual machines From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The table below compares basic information about platform virtual machine (VM) packages. Contents 1 General Information 2 More details 3 Features 4 Other emulators 5 See also 6 References 7 External links General Information Name Creator Host CPU Guest CPU Bochs Kevin Lawton any x86, AMD64 CHARON-AXP Stromasys x86 (64 bit) DEC Alphaserver CHARON-VAX Stromasys x86, IA-64 VAX x86, x86-64, SPARC (portable: Contai ners (al so 'Zones') Sun Microsystems (Same as host) not tied to hardware) Dan Aloni helped by other Cooperati ve Li nux x86[1] (Same as parent) developers (1) Denal i University of Washington x86 x86 Peter Veenstra and Sjoerd with DOSBox any x86 community help DOSEMU Community Project x86, AMD64 x86 1 of 15 10/26/2009 12:50 PM Comparison of platform virtual machines - Wikipedia... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_platform... FreeVPS PSoft (http://www.FreeVPS.com) x86, AMD64 compatible ARM, MIPS, M88K GXemul Anders Gavare any PowerPC, SuperH Written by Roger Bowler, Hercul es currently maintained by Jay any z/Architecture Maynard x64 + hardware-assisted Hyper-V Microsoft virtualization (Intel VT or x64,x86 AMD-V) OR1K, MIPS32, ARC600/ARC700, A (can use all OVP OVP Imperas [1] [2] Imperas OVP Tool s x86 (http://www.imperas.com) (http://www.ovpworld compliant models, u can write own to pu OVP APIs) i Core Vi rtual Accounts iCore Software -
Sun Bladetm 100 Workstation Just the Facts Copyrights
Sun BladeTM 100 Workstation Just the Facts Copyrights ©2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Sun, Sun Microsystems, the Sun logo, Sun Blade, Solaris, StarOffice, Ultra, Java, Java 3D, iPlanet, OpenWindows, PGX24, PGX32, VIS, SunPCi, Sun Workstation, Solaris Resource Manager, Solstice, Solstice AutoClient, SunVTS, ShowMe, ShowMe TV, ShowMe How, AnswerBook, AnswerBook2, Sun OpenGL for Solaris, Sun StorEdge, SunMicrophone, SunATM, SunClient, SunSpectrum, SunSpectrum Platinum, SunSpectrum Gold, SunSpectrum Silver, SunSpectrum Bronze, and SunSolve are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon an architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, exclusively licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. FireWire is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., used under license. OpenGL is a registered trademark of Silicon Graphics, Inc. Display PostScript and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems, Incorporated, which may be registered in certain jurisdictions. Netscape is a trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation. Last update: 9/22/01 Just the Facts September 2001 2 Table of Contents Positioning............................................................................................................................................................5 -
Formatos Y Estructura
ESCUELA SUPERIOR POLITÉCNICA DE CHIMBORAZO FACULTAD DE INFORMÁTICA Y ELECTRÓNICA ESCUELA INGENIERÍA EN SISTEMAS “ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE SISTEMAS DE VIRTUALIZACIÓN DE ORDENADORES, POR SOFTWARE, DE DISTRIBUCIÓN LIBRE, PARA DESARROLLAR UNA INFRAESTRUCTURA DE SERVIDORES VIRTUALES EN LA EIS-ESPOCH” TESIS DE GRADO Previa la obtención del Título de INGENIERA EN SISTEMAS INFORMÁTICOS Presentado Por: SANTOS VIDAL MARÍA DOLORES Riobamba – Ecuador 2010 Esta investigación ha sido el fruto de mucho esfuerzo y en su desarrollo se presentaron obstáculos que ponen a prueba mi tolerancia, sabiduría y paciencia. Por ello quiero agradecer sobre todas las cosas a Dios, porque supo guiarme e iluminarme cuando el camino se ponía cuesta arriba. A mis padres y hermanos, por el apoyo incondicional, por sus enseñanzas y consejos que me alentaron en todo momento a seguir y mirar hacia delante. A los ingenieros Danilo Pastor y Mario Paguay, por el entusiasmo, que me transmitieron en el desarrollo de esta investigación, y por haberne brindado su sincera amistad. A mis mejores amigos, con quienes hemos compartido experiencia, conocimientos, penas, alegrías, logros, desilusiones, risas y llantos. Amigos que también han sido participes para conseguir esta meta. Y de manera especial, a todas aquellas personas que de una u otra forma me brindaron su ayuda desinteresada con conocimientos paciencia y generosidad. El esfuerzo de toda mi vida estudiantil; el apoyo brindado incondicional sin interés de por medio, el empeño en entregarne día a día su sabiduría, su amor y tolerancia; por la fortaleza que me transmitieron; por enseñarne a tener presente que nunca debemos renunciar ante nada; y por la confianza que siempre estuvo presente en todo momento, dedico este trabajo A mis padres.