1.C.I.-COURTAULD'S MERGER (P. 991) VINYL ACETATE DUTY (P. 992) ACETYLENE FROM METHANE (P. 997)

incorporating c PETROCHEMICALS and 123 Decemuer Irol. VOI. uo. no. rrIa

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Mixers and Mixing Vessels

AlTON & COMPANY LIMITED DERBY . TELEPHONE DERBY 47111 (10 LINES) 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE

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Q.V.F. Glass Pumps have been specially developed for use in the Chemical Industry for the conveyance of corrosive liquids.

Made in two sizes (types GPB/6 and GPB/9) they are of the centrifugal type and run at 1,400 r.p.m. A glass impeller of simple design thrusts the liquid through the tangential outlet of the glass casing. A mechanical seal is used having a spring-loaded P.T.F.E. bellows rotating with the shaft.

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DUKE STREET . FENTON . STOKE-ON-TRENT . STAFFS Telephone : STOKE-ON-TRENT 32104/8 Grams : Q.V.F. Stoke-on-Trent Telex 9118 CHEMICAL AGE 23 Decemher 1961

Thefirstfigures refer to advertisements in Chemical Age Directory & Who's Who, the seconrl to the current issue

---pp------.-

Page Page Page Page Pore A.P.V. Co. Ltd.. The - 276 Bulwark Transport Ltd. - Electro-Chemical Engineering CII A. W. Instruments (Guildford) Ltd. - 66 Burnelt & Ralfe Ltd. - Flcctrothrrnml Engineering Ltd 164 Acalor (1948) Ltd. - Burrs & Harvey Ltd. - Ele~Product? Ltd. 148 Aimer Products Ltd. - Bush Beach & Segner Bayley Ltd. - [look Mark Ell~olt. H. I.. Ltd. 121 Air Products Gt. Britain Ltd. - I94 Bush. W. 3.. & Co. Ltd. - Eil~ott Hrothcrs (London) Ltd. Ailon & Co. Ltd. Cover ii 124 Butterficld. W. P.. Ltd. - 145 Elnlatic 147 Albany Engineering Co. Ltd.. The - Butterworths Scicnlific Publicatwn\ - Endecotts (Filters) Ltd. - Fnsclhnrd Indurlric\ Ltd. (Baker 155 Alginate Industries Ltd. C. T. (London) Ltd. - 123 Allen. Edgar. & Co. Ltd. - IJtvi\ionl 245 & 249 Calmic Eneineering Co. Ltd. - Evans Electroselenium Ltd. 130 Allen. Frederick & Sons (Poplar) Ltd. - & 990 - Cnrless, Capcl. Leonard Ltd. Evercd & Co. Ltd. 160 AllisChalmers Great Britain Ltd. - 175 Causeway Reinforcement Ltd. - Alumina Co. Ltd.. The Chamell. Fred. Ltd. 990 Andrew Air Conditioning Ltd. - Filrbwerke Hoechct A.G. - - chemical Age Enquiries - 168 Farnell Carhonr Ltd. - I36 Anglo-Dal Lld. Chemical & Insulating Co. 1.td.. The - - 156 Fcltham. Walter H.. & Co. Ltd - 211 Armour Hess Chemicals Ltd. Chemicals & Feeds Ltd. - Ashley Associates Ltd. - 152 Fcrri,. J. IY E . Ltd. Bnck Cmer Chimimport - 279 Fcrrostrtlcs Ltd. - Ashmore. Bennon. Pease & Co. Ltd. - Ciba (A.R.L.) Ltd. - Associated Electrical Industries Ltd. - Fielden Electronic? Ltd. - 158 Ciba Clayton Ltd. - Fnrkin. (i. & A Ltd Motor & Control Gear Division - 164 Cilcnco Llmiled - . 171 Flight ReIuelling Ltd. - A..ociated Electrical Industries Ltd. CIa\~~fiedAdveru.;emmlr 1008 Turbine-Generator Divkion - Fluur Enginerrlng B Cnn

COPPER FLAME TRAPS I TO OUR OWN PLANT r,,the DESIGN AND SIZE 1 CHEMICAL TRADE IN ANY METAL Established 1825 S I ILLS RECTIFYING COLUMNS BLUNDELL & CROMPTON LIMITED RICHMOND WELDING COMPANY wDsr INDIA Autoclaves Calandrias ESTABLISHED 1929 LONDON. E.14 . Phone : Eut 6WI L 3838 (8. liner). Vacuum Pans . Pans RICHMOND ROAD, BRADFORD 7 Grams: Blundall Phone London Pipework Coils . Etc. . TELEPHONE 25405 '23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 989

Thefirstfigures rejer to advertisements in Chemical Age Directory & Who's Who, the second ro the current issue

Pore Pure Page Pose Interscience Publishers Ltd. National Coal Board - Sharples Centrifuges Ltd. lropad Ltd. National Industrial Fuel Efficiency Service - 3 Sheepbridge Equipment Lld. 174 Jackson. I. 0.. & Crockatt LM. I18 Neckar Water Softener Co. Ltd. - Shell Chemical Co. Ltd. I72 Jamenales Ltd. I49 Negretti & Zambra Ltd. - Shell-Mex & B.P. Ltd. Jenkins, Robert. & Co. Ltd. ~ewnes,George, LM. - Shell Industrial Oils Johnson. Manhey & Co. Ltd. Back Cover Newton Chambers & Co. Ltd. - Shirley. Aldred, & Co. Ltd. Nordac Ltd. - I97 Siebe. Garman & Co. Ltd. 128 Johnsons of Hendon Ltd. Sigmund Pumps Ltd. Jones & Stevens Ltd. Normalair Ltd. - - Northgate Traders (City) Ltd. - 157 Silvercrown Limited - 186 K.D.G. Instruments Ltd. - Nuovo Pignone - 40 Simon. Richard. & Sons Ltd. - K. & K. Laboratories Ltd. - Sipon Products Ltd. - 170 K W. Chemicalr Ltd. Rack Cover Smith, Leonard (Engineers) Ltd. - Kaylene (Chemicals) Ltd. - Sojurchirnexport - 198 Kellie. Robert. & Sons Ltd. - 267 Southern Analytical Ltd. - Kellogg International Corporation - Spence. Peter. & Sons Ltd. - 180 Kenton Fluorescent Mfg. Co. - 199 Spencer Chapman & Messel Ltd. Front Cover 166 Kernick & Son Ltd. - Spencers Joinery Ltd. 319 Kestner Evaporator & Engineering Co. Ltd. - - 223 Standard Chemical Co. - Kertner Evaporator & Engineering Co. Ltd. 320 Stanton Instruments Ltd. - (Keeharh) - I82 Steel Drums Ltd. - Klinger. Richard. Ltd. - 196 Steel, J. M.. & Co. Ltd. - Laboratory Apparatus & Glaos Blowing Co. - 196 Sturpe, John & E.. Ltd. - Laboratory & Electrical Engineering Co. - Super Oil Seals & Gaskets Ltd. - 176 Laboratory Glasrhlowerr Co. - Surface Protection Ltd. - Langley Alloys Ltd. - 192 Synthite Ltd. - 124 Lankro Chemicals Ltd. 1 191 Taylor Rustless Fittings Co. Ltd. - GICard Loporte Chemicals Ltd. - Tenneco Oil Company - Laporte Industries Ltd. - 194 Thermal Syndicate Ltd.. The - 134 Leek Chemicals Ltd. - Tldy. S. M. (Haulage) Ltd. - 176 Leigh & Sons Metal Works Ltd. - 156 Titanium Metal & Alloys Ltd. - Lennig. Charles & Co. (Great Britain) Ltd. - Todd Bros. (St. Hclens & Widnu) Ltd. - Lennox Foundry Co. Ltd. - 168 Towers, J. W.. & Co. Ltd. - Light. L.. & Co. Ltd. - 261 Tylors of London Ltd. ldl Lind. Peter. & Co. Ltd. - - Lioyd & Ross Ltd. - Uhde, Friedrich. GmbH - 177 Lack. A. M.. & Co. Ltd. - 180 Unicone Ca. Ltd., The - Lonsman Green & Co. Ltd. - 200 Unifloc Ltd. - 162 Longworth Scientific Instruments Co. - Unilever Ltd. - 18R Lord. John L., & Son 1006 Union Carbide Ltd. - Loughbornugh Glass Co. Ltd. - United Coke & Chemicals Co. Ltd. - 170 United Filter & Engineering Co. Ltd.. The - Low & Bonar Ltd. - The Lurgi Verwaltung GmbH - 196 United Wire Works Ltd.. - Luwa (U.K.) Ltd. - G/Card Universal-Matthey Products Ltd. - 162 McCarthy, T. W., & Sons - Valcrepe Ltd. - 188 McMurray. F. J. - I88 W.E.X. Traders Ltd. - 187 Maine. B. Newton. Ltd. - I89 Walker. P. M.. & Co. (Halifax) Ltd. - 134 Manesty Mnchines Ltd. - Wallace & Tiernan - 129 Mnrchan Products Ltd. - 8 Waller, George. & Son Ltd. - May & Baker Ltd. - Ward. Thomas W., Ltd. - Mcchanr Ltd. - Wanen-Morrison Ltd. - Front Cover Metal Containers Ltd. - I48 Watson. Laidlow, & Co. Ltd. - Metal Formations Limited - Watson-Marlow Air Pump Co. - GICard Metalock (Britain) Ltd. - 125 Wellington Tube Works Lld. - 146 Metcalf & Co. - 242 Whitaker. B.. & Sons Ltd. - Metering Pumps Ltd. - Widnes Foundry & Enginering Co. Ltd. - 130 Middleton & Co. Ltd. - 253 Wileox, W. H., & Co. Ltd. - Mlnerrliile Import und. Export GmbH - Wilkinson Rubber Linatex Ltd. - Mirrlcc5 Watson Co. Ltd., The - 137 Wilkinson. James, & Son Ltd. - 178 Mimale Chemical Co.. Ltd.. The - I42 Williams & James (Engineers) LM. - Mitchell, L. A,, Ltd. - Witco Chemical Co. Ltd. - I20 Mond Nickel Co. Ltd.. The - I42 Wood. Harold. & Sons Ltd. - Monkton Motors Ltd - - 184 Worcester Royal Porcelain Co. Ltd.. The 989 Yorkshire Engineering & Welding Co. Mono pumps Ltd. - Rack Cover Monsanto Chemicah Ltd. - - (Bradford) Ltd. - 178 Mortiz Chemical Engineering Co. Ltd. - - 150 Yorkshire Tar Distillers Ltd. - Morris & Ingram Ltd. - - Young. A. S.. & Co. - 19GNailsea Engineering Co. Ltd. - - 150 Zeal. G. H.. Ltd. -

FILTER CRUCIBLES of Porous Porcelain Mode by retain the finest .orecioitates - and The filter rapidly. They are not WORCESTER affected by acids, remain con- ROYAL PORCELAIN CO. stant heweight within very fine LIMITED limits ana can be heated to high Supplled by all recognlsad Laboratory Furnlrherr. temperatures. 990 CHEMICAL AGE 23 Decemher 1961

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Bouverie House ' Fleet Street ' London . EC4 ? - 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 991

VOL. 86 No. 2215 DECEMBER 23 1961

Telephone: FLEet Street 3212 (26 lines) Telegrams : Bcnformula - London E.C.4

Editor Manager BOUVERIE HOUSE 154 FLEET STREET LONDON EC4 M. C. HYDE R. C. BENNETT

Dlrect0l' N. B. LIVINGSTONE WALLACE

Midland Offlca n Daimler House, ParadisePStreet, Birmingham. [Midland 0784-51 OUT WITH A BANG!

YEAR which has probably witnessed more large scale chemical Laeds Offlca industry developments than any other, ends with the biggest news in Permanent House, The Headrow, A the industry's recent history. Like most world chemical com- Leeds 1. [Leeds 226011 pantes, Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd. have run into difficulties with profit margins cut, and plants running at below capacities in many instances. Scottish Offlce Despite these and other difficulties, which have included the closing of 116 Hope Street, Glasgow C2. their acrylonitrile plant and problems of raising labour to start construction [Central 3954-53 at their f 100 million Rotterdam site, I.C.I. are still confident enough to make a £180 million bid for one of Europe's largest fibre groups--Court- aulds Ltd As stated in p. 995, the outstanding reason behind this dramatic take-over hid is the man-made fibre industry and a desire to see a fully IN THIS ISSUE integrated combine able to produce and market a complete range of fibres as well as to supply all the necessary raw materials. Duty on vinylacetate Apart from reactions on the part of directors of Courtaulds or their Project news: Refinery planned in shareholders, there are already signs that this gigantic take-over attempt Essex; Mid~ilexpansion will meet stiff opposition. I.C.I. will have some fairly strong arguments to counter and undoubtedly the House of Commons will hear much talk of Distillates monopoly. On Monday, Mr. S. P. Chambers, chairman of I.C.I., showed I.C.I. Bid for Courtaulds the line likely to be taken to counter complaint on this particular score. He firmly believed that Britain would enter the Common Market. Acetylene-from-methane process Any position that I.C.I. might hold now as a monopoly producer in any partl- In Parliament cular products would then disappear for the British home market would I.C.I. streamline research facilities become part of the broader European Common Market. It is in fact Production census for 1960 a desire to meet the stiff competition on the part of European and U.S. fibre producers that led to 1.C.1.'~ initial approach to Courtaulds. Effluent at phosphorus plant The world's man-made fibre market-including all synthetics-is expected World rubber consumption by 1.C.1. to expand at a compound rate of between 10 and 12% per annum New D.C.L. petrochemical film over the next few years, with a slightly faster rate of development in Europe. This then is the prize that I.C.I. have in their sights. Overseas news In the non-cellulosic man-made fibre field, U.K. production, which Rookshelf totalled 48,000 tonnes in 1960 should see a 100% rise by 1965. In recent People in the news years Courtaulds have developed in other fields, notably chemicals, films and paints, but these are secondary interests to fibres in the current bid. Commercial news Big savings in overheads are looked for by I.C.I., notably in capital spend- Market reports ing, marketing and research. In the latter case, the savings would doubtless Trade notes be substantial for there is much duplication of research effort on man- made fibres. With the current scarcity of scientists, the fairly large number New patents of fibre research workers that would be displaced should be absorbed quite easily within I.C.I. The merger would bring together,I.C.I.'s nylon 66, polyester and poly- Annual subscription is: home, 57s 6d, propylene fibres with Courtaulds vkcose, acetate, triacetate, acrylic and overseas, 658, single copies 1s 9d (by polythene fibres, and planned production of both companies of nylon-6. post 2s) Truly a formidable combination. 992 CHEMICAL AGE B.0.T. translate C.M. P.V.A. producers seek duty-free external tariff for chemicals and plastics imports of vinyl acetate An English tr:~nslation of the Com- mon Extern:ll T:lriff of the European Community, which will he published in HAT an application for a U.K. anti- to meet most domestic needs and to cut eleven parts :~nd availablc from H.M. Ttlumplng duty on vinyl acetate should out about half the current import total. Stationcry Oliice. has been prepared by be followed a year later by a requcst for Capacity of the Hcdon facilities ;~tS;~lt the Board of 'Tr:lde. Onc part. dealing the removal of import duty on this pro- End. Hull, is reportedly almost dot~hlc with machinery elcctrlcal cqurpment. duct is a somewhat dramatic turn of that of British Celanese at Spondon. vehicles. aircraft, vessels, etc.. has events. The monomer producers' plea e Both companies have recsntly com- alrcndy hccomc availahlc and thc next year ago for an anti-dumping duty on pleted expancion projects; both plan two p:~rts due lor publication arc Chap- imports from Italy and Switzerland was further increases in capacity. ters 25-30, dc;~ling with mincral pro- turned down by the Board of Trade. In view of the current production and ducts, chemicals (inorg:lnic and organic) Now, despite the fact that U.K. pro- consumption pattern, it is difficult to end pharmnccuticals: and Chaptcrs 31-40. duction is sufficient to meet current de- see how this application can succecd. on I'ertilisers. dyes. soaps, cxplosives. mand of around 18,000 to 19,000 tons a particularly since the Board of Trade e photographic and cinematographic goods. year, producers of polyvinyl acetate have year ago failed to give the Briti~hpro- arti1ici:ll resins :~nd pla~tics m:iterials. asked the B.o.T. to allow duty-free im- ducers protection against vinyl acetate rubber ant1 synthetic ruhbcr. ports of the monomer. It is understood sold in this country at lower prices than It is hoped to complcte p~lhlicationof that the present approach is based on in the country of origin. all the remaining parts hy the end of allegations that imported monomer is So far as the present request for rc- Fehruary. available at cheaper prices than U.K.- moval of duty is concerned, the B.o.T. produced vinyl acetate and that cheap will supply a stalement of the appli- material is necessary to allow cant's case to firms wishing to make producers to export to the Continent. representations, provided that it is trcated The two U.K.producers of vinyl ace- as confidential and that comments made l<(litor, rlzc tate-British Celanese Ltd. (of the can he passed to the applicant fnr Tho Courtaulds Group) and Hedon Chemi- counter comment. cals Ltd. (jointly owned by the Distillers Requests for copies of the statement Advcv-t isc~rnclnt Company Ltd. and Shawinigan of should reach the B.o.T. Tariff and Import Canada) do not make the polymer. On Policy Division. Horse Guards Avenue. the Continent it is more usual for one London S.W.1 not later than 15 January. Mancrgor clncl StaJ firm to make both monomcr and poly- Comments on the application should be mer. There are some 12 British producers filed by 5 February. of ' Chonz ic-rr1 Age' of polyvinyl acetate. U.K. consumption of vinyl acetate has H. A. Smith form new been showing a growth rate of 10% per IAI~SII(111 tll~ir annum, usage having risen to the current division for resins figure from 12,000 tons in 1958. As FORMATIONof :I sepzaratc Resin Division Rccctlcr-s and stated in CHEMICAL ACE, 28 October, p. is announced by H. A. Smith Ltcl., of 665, this figure is expected to rise to Braunslon. near Rugby. Establishment of some 22,000 tons in 1963 and to between this new division is attributcd to a Advort isc,rs a 26.000 to 27.000 tons by 1965. U.K. greatly increased demand for the Tcnaxa- usage is estimated as follows: tex range of synthetic resin emulsions. 9, New laboratories have been set up to H ply Cll r is t mas Paints 45 undertake further development work on Copolymers 15 these specialised polymer products. and clnd Prospcv-ity in Adhesives 10-12 to provide an extension of the technical Miscellaneous 28-30 service facilities necessitated by the very fa Production in this country is adequate wide range of applications. the No Yocr r-

Floodlighting of Croda's Yorkshire H.Q. Polish chemical plant orders for Scotland ? POI.ISI~ industrialists are to visit Scotl;ind in January to tliscuts the purchase of chemical, petrochcmlcal. mining. ship- building and hc:~vy engineering equip- ment. This follow.; a visit to Polt~ndby Scottish Council (Development and Industry) deleg:~tes representing a num- her of the m:~jor heavy enginecring un- dertaking?. Thcy were given a good re- ception hy Government and industrial bodies and interest was shown in pur- chase of Scottish cql~ipmcnt, provided that price and delivery was satisfactory. Earlier, thc Scottish Council launched a similar visit to E:lstcrn Europe. where considerahlc interest was shown in capital eqllipment for industrial develop- ment works. There are some hopes that Ilecestly inrti~llecl Ht~odlighlingn~:~kes an imprewive setting for Coairk 11:1lI. suhst:~ntial busincss c:ln bc done in the Snaitl~.Yorh~. Iic;~clq~l;~rtcr\ of the ('rocl:~ Organi*;ttion Ltrl. (*ec also ' I)istill;lle\ ') appropriate section. 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 993

Project News New computer aids Distillers research A NEW computer, the National-Elliott 803, which has been acquircd by the A.E.A. PLACE DRAGON FUEL research department of the Distillers Co. Ltd., at Great Burgh, near Epsom, is being used for a wide variety of research ELEMENT CONTRACT IN GERMANY problems in chemical engineering, mathematics, statistics and physical chemistry as well as operational research N order for the fucl clement Mr. E. A. Baker, acting for t.he oil on behalf of the company's operating A assembly line for thc gas cooled company agents, has made an applica- divisions. reactor of the Dragon project at Win- tion to Maldon Rural Council for plan- This machine, replacing an earlier frith Heath has been awarded to W. C. ning permission to build an oil tanker model, is both larger and more than Heraeus GmbH, of Wcst Germany, terminal and a refinery on a 140-acre twice as fast. The addition of an auto- through their U.K. agents, Fleischmann marshland site. The council has asked matic floating-point arithmetic unit has (London) Ltd. Thc order as placcd by Mr. Baker to produce a Roard of Trade enabled a further five-fold increase in the U.K. Atomic Energy Authority on certificate and other details before con- speed of calculation to be made. behalf of the O.E.C.D. project, the inter- sidering the application. Although under thc general control of national undertaking in which the the mathematics section, the machine is A E.A., the Euratom countries, Austria. used by a wide cross-section of the Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Switzer- Further stage in Midsil scientific staff who write their own pro- land are participating. Aims of thc Barry expansion grammes employing a simplified coding project arc to achieve major improvc- system known as Autocode. ments in the field of high-temperature 8 EXPANSIONof the Barry silicones gas-cooled reactions. plant of Midland Silicones Ltd. is taken :I stage lurthcr with the award of a con- The fucl rods, about 7 ft. long, am Rumanian chemical officials tract to de~ignand construct tank farm being dcgassed and then brazed at a high visit Evode vacuum of 5 x 10-%m Hg. Degassing additions complete with piping network. and brazing temperatures up to 2000°C This will givc an increased storage capa- A GK~UI'of Iron Curtain paint experts are provided. One luel element consists city of 120.000 gall. of raw materials and from Poland, Rumania and Czechoslo- of an asscmhly of seven such rods con- products. The contract has been awarded vakia recently visited Evode Ltd. of Staf- nectcd at the top by a graphite block to the Chemical Engineering Division of ford. The party included Mr. S. Srodka and at the bottom by welded mctal the Sturtevant Engineering Co. Ltd, Lon- (a director of the Lodz paint factory, Poland), Mr. B. Nieroda and Mr. conc3. The length of a fuel element is don, and work is scheduled for com- K. Kolodziej (of the Wroclawek paint fac- approximately 8 ft. pletion by June 1962. The Heraeoq plant. consisting of an Sturtevant's Chemical Engineering tory), Mr. J. Stanek and Mr. L. Danek (Czechoslovakia) and Mr. Blager and interconnected line of glove boxes and Division already have in hand for Mid- Mrs. Voiculescu (both of the Rumanian various vacuum furnaces, allows the land Silicones the design and construc- Ministry of Chcmical Industries). assembling, degassing, brazing and com- tion of a new reactor unit, and the work They were welcomed by Dr. H. Simon plete test.ing ol the fuel elements under will he completed this year. (managing director of Evode Ltd.), Mr. a controlled atmosphere. The boxes arc I. E. Forman (director) and Mr. E. A. designed to withstand a vacuum. Equi~mentcontract Duligal (manager of Surface Coatings Heraeus already hold an important Division). contract for parts of the Gcrman Krupp- Brown-Roveri reactor project and have Remote handling contract supplied a large numbcr of vacuum fur- New approved names for drugs naces and various vacuum installations for Nuclear Equipment The following list of approved names for practically all European atomic @ A €26,000 oRncR l'or remote handling has been issued by the General Medical research establishments. equipment has bcen obtained by Nuclear Council: Acridile will be known as Equipment Ltd., Crossroads House, Wat- methyl cysteine; clistin as carbinoxa- ford, from the English Electric Co. Ltd. mine; duphaston as dydrogesterone; Baglan Bay contract for The equipment, including a mechanical monase as etryptamine; palaprin as Taylor Woodrow arm with a capacity of 750 lb and 4 aloxiprin; penspek as phenbencillin; pairs of master slave manipulators, will synalar as fluocinolone; torecan as CONTRI~.worth about £130,000 has 8 be used for remote handling at Sizewell thiethylperazine; ultran as phenaglyco- hcen awarded to Taylor Woodrow Con- nuclear power station, Suffolk. struction Ltd. by Stone and Wehster dol; and welldorm as dichloralphenazone. Engineering Ltd., to carry out loundation work and underground piping installa- tions for a new ethylene and butadicne unit at the British Hydrocarbon Chemi- Electromagnetic unit solves stirring problem cal Ltd. complex at R:iglan Ray, near Port T;llbot, South WaleP. Work, which in atomic energy work on chemicals started at the end of October, is expected HE problcm of stirring solutions in to be completed by mid-1962. rotates a small polythene-enclosed mag- T glovc-Lox work. for which motor net in the solution to be stirred. drivcn stirrers and standard laboratory This stirrer has been found to satisfy Continental firm involved in magnetic stirrers provc unsuitable for the original requirements, will stir up to various reasons, has becn overcome at 400 ml. of solution, and can deal with Essex refinery plans the Atomic Energy Research Establish- solutions containing about 50% glycerol. ONE ol the "up and coming con- mcnt. H;rrwcll. by the development of an Total overall cost is not much more than 11nental concerns who are seeking to clcctromngnctic stirrer designed for work that of the standard stirrer and, since in break the cxisting oil ring" is planning in a corrosive atmosphere, and consist- many cases it will he acceptable to supply an oil refinery in the Tollcsbury area of ing of a simplc three-phase oscillator, scveral heads alternately from one control Essex. across the River Blackwater from pl~ccd outside thc glove box, which unit, it could easily prove to be less, on the Bradwell Nuclear Power Station. cncrgiscs thc stirrer head within the box. dr the whole. Although the company has not yct bcen Thc head consists of a set of fixed coils, Details of the unit are .glven. named, it has been stated that the complctcly encapsulated in a cold-setting U.K.A.E.A. Research Group Memoran- refinery col~ld cost in the region of f28 epoxy resin; these, when energised, gener- dum AERE-M941, available from million. ate a dynamic magnetic field which H.M.S.O., price Is 2d. CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961

as compared with earlier polyurethane foam systems.

THE Continental oil concern bid- ding for a refinery site on the *Rlvcr Hlackwater in Essex (see 'Project News ') has not been named, but of the three probables, Compagnie Francaise des Petroles, Petrofina and E.N.I., I believe that the first named is the most WHO leaked the biggest industrial the Royal Society lor the Prcvention of likely. With more than 100 petrol stations story of the century? Mr. Paul Accidents has been teaching the basic under the Total symbol, they have Cnambers,* 1.C.l.'~ economist chairman, principles of accident prevention on it? shown the most aggressive interest in said on Monday that someone posing as regular residential courses to those pro- the U.K. market to date. a member of the I.C.I. Press staff had posing to become full-time industrial E.N.I., who recently set up A.G.I.P. 'phoned the national newspapers on Sun- safety officers. Other members of manage- (Great Britain) Ltd. to bring their well- day telling them of the company's offer ment who are responsible for safety in known six-legged dragon symbol to the for Courtaulds. their factories are also accepted. Many U.K., have yet to build up a chain of Although I.C.I. made the initial ap- firms intending to appoint safety officers filling stations. A5 stated in this journal proach to Courtaulds some four months in fact, nowadays insist that, applicants recently (25 November, page 849). ago, and although the discussions were must be R.0.S.P.A. trained. Regent Oil Co. have already revealed described as extremely amicable, the their intention to build a refinery in this actual terms were only communicated to country. Courtaulds on Friday last-two days Before the new mystery entrant can settle on the marshy bank? of the Black- tefore the leak. ~ourtauldshave not had IT is not often that I can write watcr, many hurdles will have to be over- time to d~scussthe terms, particularly as about one of Britain's stately homes, come. Strong protests can be expected their chairman was on the high seas at *but the recent installation of floodlight- from fishing and yachting interests. the time, returning to the U.K. on Friday ing at Cowick Hall, headquarters of the this week. Croda Organisation, is my excuse on this In view of the wide nature of the leak, occasion. This building is now lit from Mr. Chambers decided in that it was in dusk to midnight and, as shown in my FOLLOWINGreports in CHEMICAL everytody's interests to make a prompt photograph on p. 992, the effect is AGE over the past few weeks of statement as soon as possible, preferably impressive. *steps planned or taken in Western betore Stock Exchange dealings started Cowick Hall was built in the early Europe against dumping of U.S. plastics on Monday. Because it had been agreed part of the 18th century and for many on European markets, it is now stated with Courtaulds that in the absence of a years was the seat of the Dawney family, that Union Carbide Europe S.A., Geneva, leak nothing should be putlished until of which Viscount Downe is the head. the European selling body of the U.S. a joint statement could be made in the After various changes of ownership, Union Carbide group, have raised by New Year, I.C.I. tried to contact Court- Croda Organisation acquired Cowick 10:k the price of top-quality polythene aulds' deputy chairman, Sir Alan Wilson, Hall as their H.Q. in 1956. for foil production on the West German to tell him of their planned announce- Situated at Snaith, near Goole, in the market. Former prices, say the firm, have ment. Sir Alan was due in London just West Riding of Yorkshire, the building been too low in view of technical advice after 9 a.m. on Monday morning, but is one of the finest examples of its type services, market promotion and similar his train was fog bound, and he was con- of architecture in the country. It has been service facilities. tacted on its arrival at about 10.15 a.m. extensively renovated and improved From Bonn it is announced this week Meanwhile the Stock Exchange has during Croda's occupation. It houses the that the Federal German Ministry for been informed, a Press conference called group's administrative and co-ordinating Economic Affairs is now studying the and an official statement issued to the departments with a staff of about 60, German chemical industry's request that news-agencies. Net result, a nice Xmas who work in ideal surroundings of an anti-dumping duty should be intro- present to Courtaulds' stockholders on beautiful gardens and parklands. duced in the case of polythene imports Monday with a rise of 9s to 39s in the from the U.S. value of their shares. 1.C.1.'~ bid puts a price of 41s 9d on Courtaulds' shares. ALT~IOUGHI have dropped more A POTENTIALLY important use of than one brick in this column and rigid polyurethane foams that has put* my foot in it on more than one *not hitherto been publicised, but which occasion, 1 have never had the tad luck marks a further infiltration of plastics AN extension of training schemes to drop a $ cwt. metal coupling on my throughout the country next year into shipbuilding, is for the filling of foot. This hnppened to Mr. R. E. *is tne positive answer the accident pre- ships' rudders. Advantages claimed are Decring at Monsanto's Fawley works vention movement is giving to the current greater stability, since the water is kept recently, but because he was wearing out, and protection against internal cor- rise in industrial accidents. It is to be snfety shoes, Mr. Deering surered no hoped that more firms will take advan- rosion, and several rudders have been injuries. filled successfully over the last few years. tage of the various schemes. Certainly in This incident gained him membership Simplicity and economy of the filling the chemical industry, the idea of safety uf thc 'Golden Shoe Club' and he is operation has been enhanced by the training has been firmly adopted by pro- now entitled to wear the club's tadge recent development by I.C.I. Dyestuffs gressive management as an important and tie, recently presented him by Division of a new system in which. contribution to increased productivity, as Fawley works manager, Dr. E. W. Body- Arcton 11 (trichlorofluoromethane) sup- well as from the welfare aspect. cote. Safcty boots, goggles, helmets and plements the blowing action of the car- Last week, thc B:rmingham Industrial other items of protective clothing are a bon dioxide, giving foams of much lower Accident Prevention Group opened a ' must ' for the modern chemical industry density and of high (95%) closed cell new extension to their Acocks Green worker, but a!as are not likely to protect training centre, which will play an im- content. Better and less cumbersome dis- pensing equipment has also become a Fleet Strect diarist from the occasional portant part in the 1962 drive. New slings and arrows of outraged readers. courses here include studies on plastics. available. Trials of ships' rudder filling ~h'ere are altogether 58 groups in carried out by I.C.I. Dyestuffs tech- Britain, many of which conduct training nicians in conjunction with an ex- through apprentice junior groups. For perienced firm of insulation contractors 22 years the Industrial Safety Division of have resulted in striking improvements 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 995 I.C.l.'s f 180 MILLION BID FOR COURTAULDS The prize is Britain's man-made fibre trade, one of the world's fastest growing industries

XCEPTIONALLY high growth rate paint production in the hands of the one reorganised and integrated to take full E.~n man-made fibres with the market organisation. Thc duplication of effort advantage of the merger. likely to expand at an estimated 10-12% by the thrcc main companies, I.C.I., Unlike some recent mergers, the ac- compound increasc per year for several Courtaulds and their joint compmy. quisition was not contemplated for the years, is the reason behind 1.C.l.'~ Brilish Nylon Spinners, compares most sake of closing down some production approach to Courtaulds Ltd. for merger unlavouratly with conditions in the U.S. units-the object was one of expansion talks in September. 1.C.l.'~ offer for and on the Continent where fully and no closures were contemplated. Inte- Courtaulds, worth £180 million, was dis- integratcd produccrs cover the whole gration would mean some redundancy, but this would probably be covered by closed by chairman. Mr. Stanley Paul range of man-made fibres, said Mr. Chambers, on Monday following strong all round group development and by Chnmbcrs. rumours and reports in the Press the same natural wastage. morning. There is no intention of making Both ' l.C.1. and Courtaulds plan Courtaulds a division of I.C.I., to lose the The offer had been made to Courtaulds nylon4 plants in the U.K, and Mr. traditions and world-wide reputation of only three days earlier and there had Chambers told "Chemical Age" that been no intention of making any the name of Courtaulds would be the since (through the medium of the announcement until the directors aJ height of commercial folly, declared Mr. jointly owned B.N.S.) these plants had Courtaulds had considered the terms. Chambcrs. British Nylon Spinners would, been agreed before the start of merger Once the rumours had startcd-and ;I however, probably lose their separate discussions, they would continue. This mln posing as a representative of the name. All the man-made fibre interests of would give them a combined nylon-6 I.C.1. London Press office had telephoned the thrce companies would be thoroughly production total of around 20,000 tons. many national newspapers on Sunday with dctails of thc mergcr-Mr. Cham- bcrc decided that it was in stockholders' Four big advantages, Says Mr. Chambers- best interests to make a public statement. s accepted by courtauldr the ofier, prices, quality, new fibres and profits which was formally made only last Fri- day, would make I.C.I. thc world's second HE biggest advantages of full in- not Britain eventually joined the Common largest chemical giant with 1960-61 sales T.tegrat~on were summarised by Mr. Market, the building of a stronger U.K. of £730 million, combined assets of Chambers as: man-made fibre industry would be essen- f902 million and pre-tax profits of£106.7 (I) Lower prices. tial. In fact, if Britain did not join !he million. (2) Improved quality. C.M., it would be more than ever im- (3) Development of new fibres. portant that this industry was strong Share exchange terms (4) Improved profits. enough to withstand Continental com- The total combined labour force would petition. The terms are the purchase of the en- be around 140,000. The merger would help avoid the big tire. ordinary and prcferencc stock of The libre intercstc of an integrated buebear of the chemical industrv--exces- Courtaulds on the following basis: For group would be grcatcr than those ol sive capital tied up in plant which was every £4 0rdin:u.y stock of Courtaulds, f3 Rhone-Poulenc/Rhodiaceta, but smaller not yet required. Such overcapacity wait- ordinary stock of I.C.I., and for every than the synthetic fibre interests of Du ing for markets to develop added tre- f l of 5:l, preference stock of Courtaulds, Pont. The fibre trade would represent mendously to overheads. Apart from £ l of 5:: I.C.I. prelcrcncc, and for evcry around 25% of 1.C.I.-Courtaulds com- what he described as the saving of a very £5 of by/, preference, £6 of 5% I.C.I. bined turnover, or some f 180 million. considerable amount of expenditure, Mr. preference. This offer is sukject to Chambers said that integration in U.K. l.C.1.'~ stockholdcrs approving the neces- Cutting out duplication man-made fibre production would give sary increase in capital. and wasted research effort powerful assistance to the British tex- tile industry to enable it to keep on top All stockholders would be entitled to Clearly one of the biggest advantages of overseas competitors. dividends dcclarcd by Courtaulds in the cnvisnged by Mr. Chambcrs is the savings year ending 31 March 1962 and to all in research costs. On Monday he spoke I.C.I. dividends for 1962. 1.C.I. cxpcct to of much wasted effort and duplication by Workers overcome by declare the same total ordinary dividend the three U.K. companies, all doing simi- sulphur chloride fumes for 1961 as for 1960 namely 13fX, and lar work on man-made fibres. A merger Five men were overcome by sulphur 1962. not less than that for would mean a much smaller total re- chloride fumes after an explosion at the At his Press conferencc on Monday, search staff on man-made fibrcs; but I.C.I. Castner-Kellner works, Runcorn, Mr. Chambers declared that by far the Mr. Ch~mberswas quick to point out on 13 December. After treatment they biggest advantage of the merger would that there would be no redundancy of were allowed home. The accident was lie in man-made fibres, where the dupli- scientists. There is a great shortage of caused by water leaking into the sul- cation of effort by British producers is , physicists and eng;neers phur chloride and causing white acid seen to have a hampering effect both on throughout 1.C.I. and men no longer re- mist to escape. the development of U.K. trade in syn- quired on fibre research would quickly thetics as well as on the textile industry be absorbcd elsewhere. in general. Such a merger would be able P~oduetionand marketing costs would R.S.A. lecture to meet the two main fibre giants-Du also kc lowered and there would be a on British drugs Pont in the U.S. and Rhone-Poulenc/ saving in capital spending. As a result A lecture on ' Modern British Drugs ' Rhodiaceta on the Continent-on level Britain's compctitiveness in world mlrkets . will be delivered by Frank Hartley, terms as a fully integrated unit. would be greatly strenothened. Mr. ' F.R.S., F.P.S., Director of Research, An 1.C.I.-Courtaulds merger would Chambers nointcd out that Sir John British Drug Houses, at the 'Royal place tetwccn 90';; and 95% of all U.K. Hanbury Williams, Courtaulds' chairman, Society of Arts, John Adam Street, man-made fibre production and 25% of had agreed with him that whether or London W.C.2, on 10 January at 2.30.

-I_-_ _I- CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961

plan to enter the nylon-6 field with plant due on st.ream in Northern Ireland h! I963 with capacity for some 2,000 tons. lo be doublctl Inter. I.C.1.-Courtauldr would also be ahle COMBINE WOULD BE WORLD'S to give vast cap:lcity of :tcct;ttc. trl- acct;ltc. polypropylene. polythcne and protein fihres. SECOND LARGEST IN CHEMICALS It is interesting to note thc different part fihrcs that have pl:lycd in the F Courtaulds decide to accept 1.C.l.'~ capacity by 1965 ~houldlolal snmc 53.000 ~lcvclopmcnt of thc two companic5. T offer. the resulting company will bc tons/year. Courtaulds :Ire currently Courtaulds started to makc chemicals to ensure supplies for thcir artificial fibre the world's second largest chemical com- producing some 11.000 tons of :!crylic pl:tnts. 1.C.1. madc fibrc chenlicals as pany.. The largest chemical company of fibres. due to risc to lh.OOO tons shortly. all, E.I. Du Pont de Nemours, realised Chcmstrand are the only other prod~~cers part of the diversification of their chemi- net sales of £770 million in 1960. Thc of acrylic fibres, with 1962 captcity c:~l intcrests. Roth cornpanics ere licenwd combined sales of I.C.I. and Courtaulds schedulcd to risc to 11.000 tons. Rritith to make caprolactam and nylon-6 :mtl for the year 1960-61 werc f730.3 Enkalon. who remilin outside Coort:~ulds' both arc going head with their plans to million (£558.4 million I.C.I. and £ 171.9 rccent takc over of Rritish Enka :tlso du so. million Courtaulds), only £40 million below the U.S. company. The merger of these two companies 1.C.l.'~ history is a series of mergers would bring into the same concern many capital of f64 million. 1.C.l.'~ present subsidiaries with widely diverse interests. HOUGH the names of both firms Th ave long been household words. their capit:ll is £695 million. Im~erial Chclnirol Industries Ltd. ~malLtd. development has been very diflcrent. Thc heginning of Courtaulds was small British Nylon Spinners Ltd.* Courtaulds have bccn ' Court:tulds ' since udced. Thcy bcgan when Samuel Cour- Rr~tlshTitan Pruductq Co. Lld. * they were established by Snmucl Cour- taulcl set up his own silk factory at Hrltish Viqueen Ltd tauld in 1816 and havc cxplunclcd both Bocking in Esscx and was Inter joined hy Culling Explosive\ Ltd. Coake's Explosives Lld. in size and interests throughout the years his two brothcrs and a brother-in-law. In Extended Surface Tuho Co. Ltd.* by a series of acquisitions. I.C.T. on thc 1891, thc p:lrlncrship became a private I.C.I. E~lntesLld. other hand. were formcd initially ky the company under thc name of Samuel I.C.I. (Hyde) Ltd. merger of four companies-Brunner. Courtauld and Co. Ltd, and a public llford Ltd.' Imperial Aluminium Ca. Ltd.* Mond and Co.. Nobel Industries, United company in 1904. Further reorganisation lmperirl Chemical Indu*trie- (Exporl) Lld. Alkali Co. and Rritish Dyestuffs Cor- in 1913 gave Court;~ulds their present Imperial Chemical In\urunce Ltd. poration-already well established com- title. lrvine Harbour Co. panies. and themselves thc rcsults of Lightning Fasteners Ltd.' From the production of silk, Cour- Magad, Soda Ccl. Ltd.' numerous mergers. 1:lulds considered the various attempts to Mar~lonExcrlqior Ltd Thc story of the formation of I.C.I. in make what was then called artificial silk. Pl;!nt Protection Lld. Richardsons Fertilisers Ltd.* 1926, partly as a rcsult of the circum- Thcy bought, the Rritish patent rights of Robinron Plast~cs Film< Ltd.' stance? of the timc and partly of the a proccss for thc production of yarn Scrlttirh Agricultural Industries Ltd." foresight and de'ermination of two men. from viscosc, and a new factory began Settle Limes Ltd. Sir Harry McGowan and Sir Alfred production at Coventry in 1905. This war Steatite B Porcelain Produclr Ltd. Thames House Estate LLd.* Mond, illustrates a fact which is evcn thc first commcrcinlly successful venture Ulster Fertiliserr Ltd.' more apparent today-that it is essential in the world to m:~kc viscose rayon. With~ngPaper Srlining Co. Ltd. to expand and divcrsify to survive. Yorkshire Imperlill Melnl~Ltd.' In tho middle 1930's Courtaulds turned Courloulds Lld. At the outbreak of the first world war, their attcntion to thc development of Rriti\h Cehnese Ltd. Britain depended on imports of Chile staple fihrc from rcgcneratcd protein. In British Cel1oph;tne Ltd. nitrate for the production of explosives. 1940. British Nylon Spinners were formed British Enka Ltd. Hritlrh Nylon Spinners Lld.' fertilisers and nitric acid, unlikc Germany jointly by Courtaulds and I.C.I. and the Cellon Ltd. who had devclopcd thc HaCcr ammonia first British nylon yarn was spun :II National Plastics Ltd. proccss. Moreovcr. she depended entirely Coventry in 1941. Plnchin, Juhnv~n6: Al\c,ciares Ltd Styrene Co-Polymers I.td.* upon Germ:tny. hcrself for many drugs, Court:~ulds bc~tnthe manufacture or United Sulphuric Acid Corn. Ltd.. The.* fine chemicals and dyestuffs. Thc war their own chemicals in 1916 with ths * Awocialed companie.;. over, the determination that Rritain operation of plnnts for thc production of Courtaulds and I.C.I. already havc a should never again find hcrself so ill- sulphuric acid and carbon disulphide. both common interest in British Nylon equipped rcnlainctl. and a gradual move- important chemicals in the viscosc pro- Spinners, and it is in the field of fibre? ment towards strengthening the industry cess. Acctnte manur;~ct.urc also involved that LC.I.'s interest in Courtaulds through the consolidation of intcrests Cour!aulds in the production of petro- chiefly lies, although the companies havc took place. chcmic:tls such :IF acetic anhydride and. other overlapping fields. mainly in paints, The four compnnies which formcd following thc acquisition of British plastics films, olefins, sulphuric acid and I.C.T. were all highly cfficicnt in thcir Cclunese in 1957 which included a petro- other chemicals. own specialiscd ficlds, but the formation Icum cracking plant. the production of petrochemicals has steadily expanded. The following are estimates of U.K. of the great chemical combines of I.G. The bulk of Courtaulds and Celanese production of non-cellulosic man-made Farbenindustric A.G. in Germany and fibres in 1962 and 1965: chemicals are consumed by the group. Allied Chemicals and Du Pont's in the but increasing quantities are being made 1960 1962 1965 U.S. was making the leaders of the and sold outside. in '000 Ionftcs chemic:~l industry in thc U.K. feel that it was neccssary to form an equally The Group's knowledge of colours. Nylon 29 34 53 united front. pigments and dyes, together with the fact Polyester 16 21 24 th:it they manufactured the chemicals Other 3 12 20 It Sir Harry McGowan. chairman ncccssary for paint production. led All non cellulosics 48 67 97 of Nobel Industries. who put forward naturally to thcir intcrcst in the paint 1.c.1 are currently the only producers th~ropomlthat the foul. companies industry. Ccllon Ltd., was acquired in of nylon,with capacity for some 30,000 E should merge. Sir Alfred Mond agrccd to 1958, followed in 1960 by the acquisition of Pinchin. Johnson and Associates Ltd.. tnns of-- nvlon-66.--3.- - With their new nvlon- think it over. Only six months I:~ter 6 "lant and that of Courtaulds,'and negotiations werc complete and 1.C.I onc of Ihc larpcct paint manofacturcr., with expansion of nylon-66 facilities, came into being with an authorized in Europe. 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 997 N.R.D.C. annual reDort May and Baker develop new sulphonamide A NEW sulphonamide, discovered and developed in the research laboratories of U.K. chemical firms show no May and Baker Ltd. is to go into pro- duciion at the company's ~orwich works. Called Bidizole (sulphasomizole),

lone)~-, actine" sulnhonamide which can he used in all conditions for which sul- HE National Research Development commitmcnts, including those of the phonamides are applicable, either alone TCorporation have discontinued ex- Corporation's subsidiary development or in combination with penicillin or other penditure on the proces? for the produc- companies. amounted to £1.15,000. Re- antibiotics. Bidizole is remarkedly well tion of acetylene hy the partial combus- covcrics of development expenditure tolerated and has no unpleasant side tion of mcthanc. This was announced through patent agreements and royalties effects. The discovery of Bidizole comes last week hy the N.R.D.C. managing amounted to £47,000. Mr. Duckworth 24 years after that of the well-known director. Mr. J. C. Duckworth, when he said that he thought the Corporation M & B 693. introduced the twelfth annual report. could play an important part in encour- May and Baker are undertaking a The process for the production of aging co-operation in development pro- considerable expansion at Norwich; the acetylene was originally. dcvelopetl at jects which may be too large even for cost of the development at present stands Imperial College in 1951. In 1958 it was major companies, but they would need at around £2.5 million. Some of the in- transferred to a small laboratory set up to be very skilful in selecting in advance dustrial chemicals production has been by the Corporation at Mogden Drainage those fields which are likely to be of moved there from Dagenham. works of the Middlescx County Council future importance. It is the intention where continuous supplies of mcthanc of the N.R.D.C. to endeavour to set up were available. ioint enter~risesin new fields of activitv Polarographic Society lecture The reason for discontinuing expendm wherever possible and appropriate. A lecture on ' Polarography of ture on this project is that all the Several major projects, including fuel Carbon dioxide' will be given by Prof. development work that can bc done cells, took promising steps towards the J. Jordan of the Pennsylvania State without further scaling up heing com- eventual goal of large-scale commercial University, at present at the Labora- pleted and the point has been reached application. Three major British corn- torium fur Anorganische Chemie Eid- at which the co-operation of a commer- panies in the engineering field have genoff Technische Hochschule, Zurich. cial concern is essential. agreed to co-operate in the development He will address a meeting of the Polaro- work. The development of fuel cells is graphic Society to be held on 18 January Disappointing response still very much a process of hit and miss, 1962, at the Biochemical Department. albeit an inspired one, and a great deal Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Response to the process from industry more money will nced to te spent. London S.W.3, at 5 p.m. has been a little disappointing; there has been a swing in acetylene production towards the ethylene route. and it In Parliament appears that the 10';A increased yield that the methane route gives is not sufficient to induce manufacturers to undertake Labour M.P. says Minister's remarks on considerable capital outlay for new plant. They say that a 25?A increase in pyrethrum could harm industry yield would he neccssary to make it worth while. HE Parliamentary Secretary to the was the responsibility of the Minister The N.R.D.C. had hoped that some T Ministry of Agriculture. Mr. W. M. F. for Science. Research had been in pro- U.S. firms would be prcpared to co- Vane, elaborated further on his com- gress for many years at Rothamsted Ex- operate on the project but negotiations ment made in the House of Commons perimental Station and the Pest Infesta- have not bccn successful. Negoti~~tions last month (see C.A.. 18 Nov., p. 818) tion Laboratory of the Agricultural Re- are still in progress. however. with a that pyrethrum was among the less effec- search Council and recently, also, at the European company. who already havi: tive substances, when Mrs. J. Butler Tropical Products Institute of the mcthane processing equipment installed. (Lab., Wood Green) asked him in the D.S.I.R. The Ministry was heing kept The rcsponsc in the U.K. is perhaps House last week if he would say some- in close touch with this work, he added. what might have been anticipated. thing to remedy the effect of his remarks. No plans for compulsory Several firms would he interested in Mrs. Butler pointed out that these rc- keeping the process in cold storagc markq, widely reported, might do great pesticides scheme against the time when Saharan mcthane harm to the pyrethrum industry. There were no plans at present for becomes available in this country, hut Mr. Vane (lid not think that the pre- making notification compulsory in con- do not see their way to spending money vious remarks he had made. need have nection with the Notification of Pesti- on scaling up the proccss before then. done any harm, because every one knew cides Scheme and the Agricultural Chemi- One firm, however. has co-operated with that pyrethrum was a potent insecticide cals Approval Scheme. Mr. Soames. the N.R.D.C. and the Department of with a rapid paralysing action and highly Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Scientific and Industrial Rescarch in the toxic to a wide range of insects. It was Food, said in a written reply to a ques- operation of a pilot plant. Raw mate- also of low mammalian toxicity and tion. MI.. Soames said the Government rial would he supplied by the Gas safe to use on foodstuffs and in the accepted the view of the Research Study Council. Tt is understood that the price house. One of the difficulties, however, Group on Toxic Chemicals in Agricul- has been brought down to 6d a therm was that it was not so persistent as some ture and Food Storage (C.A., 9 Decem- from 10d a thcrm quoted last year. other insecticides, and therefore could ber, p. 918) which confirms that the Under this scheme thc Gas Council be ;it a disadvantage in that regard for arrangements made between Government would prohably buy back usable gases. certain uses. and industry have been generally success- The N.R.D.C. spent a record sum on The exchange between Mr. Vane and ful in ensuring the safe use of pesticides. the hacking of U.K. inventions last year. Mrs. Butler followed a question by the These arrangements. which were kept The annual report discloses that the ex- latter as to what research had been under constant review, were based on the penditure on development during the undertaken by the Ministry of Agricol- - principle of voluntary co-operation. The \car to 30 June 1961 was f81?.000. ture into the effectiveness of pyrethrum Government wished to keep to thiS sort uomp:~rcd with the prcvious highest as a pesticide, to which Mr. Vane replied of arrangement when it was workin! ligure or f592.000 in 1959. Forwanl (hat lundamental research of this typc satisfactorily in hoth schemes. 998 CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961 \ will undertake special investigations of a techno-economic nature for the I.C.I. I.C.I. streamline research and technical director. assisted bv an auoro- priate staff. The heads of the technical development facilities, set up and central work study departments, the engineering controller and Mr. Mumford will each be responsible to the technical new petrochemical laboratory director, in whose absence Mr. Edwards will act in respect of these departments. NEW laboratory is to be created by nical department, will be succeeded by W' Reid has been appointed a 1.C.I. in order to increase explora- Dr. H. G. Reid, at present chairman and director of the European Coun- A cil in succession to Mr. M. G. Davies. tnrv, .rrsenrch-"--. -.. .-in thk. .- ...hiehm~~ nolvrner~ ~ ..~-and oresident of I.C.I. (New York) Ltd. Dr. petrochemicals field. In addition, the 'Reid, who for a brief spell' was first AS already announced Mr. P. C. Allen head office research and development de- general manager of the Severnside relinquishes the presidency of Canadian oartments are to be merged and the head Works, will take up his new duties at a Industries Ltd. on 1 March and will bffice technical department strengthened. date to be arranged. take over as overseas director (West These changes will take effect from 1 Mr. L. S. Mumford, whose post as Europe) from Dr. A. Caress, who is also January. development controller is discontinued, research and development director. Dr. D. S. Davies, research di~ector. General- Chemicals Division, who has been appo~nted head of the laboratory BRADFORD MEETING ON NEWER DRUGS NTIBIOTICS and ncwcr drugs will advances in the chemistry of penicillin '; A be the subject of the 1962 symposium A. Wcbb (A. Wandcr Ltd.) on 'Anti- org:lnisetl by the Bradford Chemical &berculous drugs'; and Dr. V. Petrow Society and the Dcpartment of Chcmical (British Drug Houses Ltd.) on 'Some new Technology, Bradford Institute of Tech- biologic:llly active rteroidal materials'. uolosy in conjunction with the York- Dr. W. Cule Davies, chairman of the shire Council for Further Education. chemistry advisory committee, Yorkshire Council Tor Furthcr Education, will pre- A strong team of speakers will give side. Venue will be the Bradford Institute papers as follows: F. A. Robinson of Technology, Great Horton Road, (Crookes Laboratories Ltd.) on 'The Bradford 7 and the symposium will be ncwcr antitiotics '; F. P. Doyle (Bcecham held on Saturday, 10 February, starting Rcscarch Laboratories Ltd.) on ' Recent at 9.30 a.m.

- -- from 1 January, will also for the present be head of the amalgamated rescarch and development department. Mr. M. A. T. Sales, work done, topped f29000 me in 1960 Rogers will be assistant head of that value of salcs and work done in department. plus any new building work, machinery Tllh: U.K. chemical and allied industry or other capital items produced by a Mr. R. B. Richards, research director (excluding oil refining and paint and business for its own use. As far as pos- of the Heavy Organic Chemical Divi- printing ~nk)in 1960 top~dthe £2.000 sible, the value of goods transferred from sion, will succeed Dr. Davies at General million mark and showed a 6.7% rise onc unit to another within the same Chemicals Division, and Mr. M. A. E. over 1959. The actual total was business is excluded. Hodgson, H.O.C. Division development f2.061.800.000. a rise of f131 million Fixed capital spending in the chemicals director, will become division research over thc previous ycar. This cornparcd and a1I:ed industrics (other than refining director. Dr. J. W. Woolcock will suc- with a 100,; rise for a11 manufacturing and paint) in 1960 totalled £136.1 million, ceed Mr. Hodgson as H.O.C. Division industries. a rise or El0 million of 1959. development director, in addition to his These figures arc revellcd in the 1960 The following is an extract from the present duties as techno-commercial report of the Ccnsus of Production. census reuort. outlished in thc Board of director. Sales and work done includcs all sales, Trotlr ~or;rrrrrl,'l~December. With the formation of the new re- search and development department at FIXED CAPITAL EXPENDITURE (IN;'000 TONS) Total New build- Vehicles Plant, machinery, etc. head nffice.... , the~~~. offices. -. of- ~ develonment-- - -=~~~---- controller and research controller will (net) ~ngwork Acquired Disposed Acquired DirroreA 1958 921.6 246.6 75.5 23.2 649.0 26.3 be discontinued. The reorganised tech- A" i"dUsfries "' "' 1959 863.5 219.6 82.5 27.5 608.6 19.7 nical deoartment will give increased 1960 1.028.2 267.9 102.8 32.2 712.5 22.8 attention to the company's~expansion and oil refininr ...... 1958 39.7 7.2 o.. 4. - 7 7 n-. , long-term development; in addition to 1959 23.4 3.4 0.2 - 20.1 0.3 carrying out its present duties for which 1960 15.3 3.8 0.2 0.1 11.5 0.2 Dr. A. C. Hutchinson will remain res- Paint printins ink ...... 1958 6.3 2.4 1.5 0.6 3.0 0.1 1959 5.7 2.0 1.7 0.7 2.8 0.1 ponsible. 1960 5.2 1.8 1.7 0.7 2.6 0.1 Mr. W. A. M. Edwards, 1.C.I. PUr- other chemical & allied indur- chases controller, who will head the tech- tie ...... I958 151.0 34.5 7.6 2.3 113.7 2.5 1959 135.1 27.4 7.5 2.5 104.3 1.5 1960 136.1 36 6 8.8 2.9 95.2 1.6

SALES, STOCKS AND WORK IN PROGRESS (IN '000TONS) (Estimates for all Firms in the U.K.) Sales and Stocks and work in progress work done Total Goods on hamd for sale Work in progress Materials, stores and fuel Industry groups Changer Changer Changer Changes 1959 :)60 End of during year End of during year End of during year End of during year 1959 1959 1960 1959 1959 1960 1959 1959 1960 1959 1959 1960 Alimanufacturingindustrier ...... 22.261 24.551 5.048 +I37 -1598 1.243 t19 +I89 1.825 -172 +I69 1,980 -1.46 t240 Mineral oil refining ...... 3)E.S 468.8 97.4 + 5.1 - 1.4 38.9 + 5.0 - 4.6 11.4 + 1.9 - 0.9 47.1 - 1.9 + 4.1 Paintand printingink ...... 180.5 184.2 32.4 + 2.1 i- 3.2 16.8 C 1.0 4- 1.8 2.1 + 0.1 1 0.2 13.5 + 1.0 f 1.2 Other chemical and allied industries ... 1.930.8 2.061.8 318.0 -t18.0 -I 38.4 153.2 ti2.1 1-24.6 29.8 i. 3.0 -1 1.6 135.1 i-3.0 4-12.2 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE

proved unit for dewatering sludges de- rived from the plant manufacturing ele- Centrifuge dewaters sludge at mental phosphorus. As well as being economically attractive, its application is providing an answer to current problems Albright phosphorus works ol production and disposal of solids. Other papcrs read at the symposium HE question of the disposal of solids which serves to trap any foreign bodies included: 'Disposal of solids in the T.IS one which conccrns many sectors that might accidently fall into the tank. paper industry ', by T. Waldemeyer of the chemical industrv. The ~roblem The overflow from the thickener is (Water and Effluent Chemical Eneineer. as it is met with in thc production of discharged into the sea. One or two keed ~&rGroup); ' Disposal of Gudges elemental phosphorus, was discussed by mono-pumps continuously move thc on land ', by A. R. Stone (Manager, City M. E. Chodak, Albright and Wilson sludge from the bottom of the thickener of Nottingham Sewage Works and (Mfp.) Ltd., Oldbury, in a papcr givcn at and feed the centrifuge. The centrifuge Farms); 'Anaerobic digestion of sewage the symposium on the treatment of in- outflow is recycled back to the first re- sludge'. by S. G. Burgess (Scientific Ad- dustrlnl and sewage sludges held by the action tank and the solids are discharged viser, London County Council); and Institute of Scwagc Purification on 20 by gravity to a hopper underneath the 'Some recently investigations concerning Dcccmber. ccntrifuge. dewatering of sewage sludges', by K. J. At the Albright and Wilson phos- There can be no doubt, the author White and Marion F. Davidson (Water phorus plant at Portishcad, the phos- concludes, that the centrifugc is now a Pollution Research Laboratory). phorus is cond-nsed from the furnace gas with water, somc ol which is taken away from thc system. This etlluent con- tains various oxyacids, solublc fluoridcs and silico-fluorides, unreacted phosphatc World consumption of synthetic rubber dust and other suspended solids, such as frce silica and anthri~cite. P is now pro- duccd at the rate of some 10.000 gal. expected to overtake naturalin 1962 p:r hour, and the problcm is to ncutral- YNTHETIC rubber consumption is Rubber Production in Member ise the acids and to scparate the sus- Countries in 1961 pendcd solids from the effluent before S expected to overtake that of natural rubber in 1962, according to estimates U.S...... 1,365 discharging into the sca. Canada ...... 162 A treatment plant was installed and made by the management committee of the International Rubber Study Group. U.K...... 100 commissioned in 1954, comprising a milk Italy ...... 87 of lime preparation section, three limc Estimates in long tons of natural and synthetic production and consumption West Germany ...... 85 reaction tanks, a thickener and a rotary Other member couitries ... 141 vacuum filter. An automatic pH recordcr- are given in the following table. Further sales from Government stock- - controller was also installed. For six 1,940 months aftcr the adoption of the pH piles are expected but it is not yet pos- control, the thickener worked well but sible to estimate their size. Deliveries gradually its performance became vari- from Government stock during 1961 are * Consumption data for synthetic rubber able and difficulties were encountered in estimated at about 32.000 tons. exclude synthetic rubber produced in the operation of the vacuum filtcr. World Consumotion and Production non-member countries. It was recognised that there were two of Rubber t Including an allowance for Luxem- essential rcquirements for the satislactory Natural rubber bourg. oper:~tion of thc thickener: the settling 1961 1962 :Comprising Burma. Cambodia. Ceylon, rate of the suspended solids must exceed consumption 2.050.000 2.040 000 Liberia, Nigeria, Thailand, and Viet- the ovcrflow rate by a sufficient margin; production 2,018.000 2,062,500 nam. and the precipitated sludge must be con- Synthetic rubber Note : The oil-content of oil-extended tlnuously withdr:~wn :~tsuch a rate as to consumotion 1.870.000* 2.075.000 rubbers is included in the figures. kcep the thickcncr in balance-i.e. the production 1.940.000* 2.1 35.000* filtering must be efficient. Thc first con- * excluding svnthetic ruhher produced D.S.I.R. booklet describes dition appeared to bc generally satisfied in non-member countries. but thc vacuum filter could not possibly ultrasonics uses cope with thc load ol solids arriving at Rubber Consumption in 1961 EMULSIFI(.ATION,dispersion, and the de- the plant. A choice had to be made Territory Natural Synthetic Total gassing of liquids are among applications between increasing thc filtering capacity U.S...... 424 1.076 1,500 of ultrasonic techniques described in a by installing an additional filter or con- U.K. . ... 168 115 283 new illustrated booklet. ' Using ultra- sidering methods othcr than filtration for Japan .. 165 90 255 sonics', produced by the Department of dewatering the slurry. Since a very con- West Gerrn:~ny 135 115 250 Scientific and Industrial Research. State siderable increase in thc filtcr area would France 130 90 220 have teen necessary at high capital cost. House, High Holborn, London W.C.I. Italy ...... 77 58 135 Other applications discussed include vis- it was decided to invcstigatc 'the feasi- Canada ... 30 57 87 bility of centrifuging thc slurry. cosity measurement, flow measurement. Czechoslovakia 53 7* 60 and non-destructive testing. Alter preliminary trials, the centrifugc India ...... 50 10 60 selected was a P-300 Super-DCanter, Auctralia ... 35 21 56 capablc of treating up to 1.200 gall. per Netherlands ... 20 14 34 Revised edition of hour thickener underflow. Belgium? . . 15 12 27 Poisons and T.S.A. Guide The efflucnt arrives at the plant at a Austria ... I I 11 22 rate varying betwecn 10,000 to 20,000 The 1961 revision of the sixth edition Indonesia .. 18 -- 18 of the Poisons and T.S.A. Guide is avail- gall. per hour. It passes, aftcr metering, Denmark ... 6 3 9 to the first reaction tank where it meets able at 7s 6d. In this edition the informa- Hungary ... 8 0* 8 tion has been extended to include the the outflow from thc centrifupc, is stirred Malaya and and overflows to the second reaction requirements of the Dangerous Drugs Singapore ... 8 -. R Act, 1951, the regulations made under the tank. Hcrc automatic addition of lime Other member takes place. The limed ctlluent is stirred Act, and the Therapeutic Substances countriesf 6 - 6 Act, 1956, as far as it concerns the dis- and allowed to ovcrflow into the third Other countries 691 191 882 reaction tnnk in which a pH measuring - -- pensing and supply of antitiotrc sub- stances and other therapeutic substances head is situated. Alter stirring, it passes 2.050 1,870 3,920 to the thickener via the junction box . -. -. controlled by that legislation. lo00 CHEMICAL AGE 23 December I961

Du Pont fibre offers Petrochemical story well told economies as packing for pumps, valves in Distillers' new film ROMISE as a new, economical Phraided packing for pumps and valves handling corrosive fluids is shown hy an improved Teflon t.f.e. fluorocarbon fibre. specifically developed for this purpose and now made ava~lahlecommercially by Du Pont de Nemours International S.A.. 81 Route de I'Aire. Geneva. Switzerland. The new bleached fibre has been tested extensively by several companies and these tests are claimed to show that the new packing material is much less sensitive to thc effects of operational and frictional heat, and more receptive to gland adjustment than the earlier fibre. - This results in greatly improved service life, particularly in high-speed rotary pumps, and reduces markedly the need for special inst:~llation and hreak-in techniques. Improved performance is attributed to the complcte removal of all carbonaceous ~r:~tcri;~lfrom the Teflon t.f.e. fibre by bleaching and pre-shrinking the fibre (580" F for 32 hr.) before braiding. Re- moval of carbon eliminates the source$ of exothermic heat resulting from oxida- Group of petrochemical plants at British Hydrocarbon Chemicals' L35 niillion tion of the carbon, and reduces the Grangeniouth works. In the foreground-the synthetic methanol unit, conipleted packing's tendency to ' hurn.' Pre-shrink- in October ing of the yarn before braiding result? in rreater dimensional stahilitv at ele- vatid temperatures. reducing

expansion in TiO, NDER :I reorganisation or CIBA's Dr. Tararn:lcso. residcnt rcprescntativc UU.S. interests, Dr. Robert KXppeli tion of trade secrets, has now also been of Montecatini. has been discussing with and Dr. Victor Umhricht will serve as named in suits tiled in Geneva by Merck Mr. X. A. Damodara Menon, Minister chairman and president respectively. of and Co. and Hoffmann-La Roche. for Intlustrier, n proposal for expanding thc new CIRA Corporation. with efiekt Charges are similar to those laid in the production in the Trnvancorc Titanium from I January. On the same date all U.S. Mr. Aries is charged with selling to Factory at Trivandrum, in which th: ClRA companies will be merged into HofTman-La Roche an option on Amprol. State Government holds the niajorit~tnI' ClRA Corporation. These companies in- amproliurn, a drug developed to combat th:lres. clude CIRA Pharmaceutical Co.. Summit. coccidiosis in poultry. N.J.. ClRA Chemic;~l and Dyc Com- In the U.S. Rohm and Haas, claim that U.S. synthetic detergent pnny. Fair Lawn. N..r.. and ClRA Pro- Mr. Aries illegally received secret sales rise by 3.5 j/, cluctr Co.. Fair Lawn. N.J. information about a polymeric oil addi- The hoard of the ClRA Corporation tive, while Celanese Corporation are In the first nine months of this year. will have thc same members as the prc- asking for 5206,000 damages on grounds U.S. sales of synthetic detergcnls rose viol~sorganisation. ClRA States I.td.. ex- that Mr. Arics failed to deliver data on 3.5°:, to more than 2.600 million Ih. ccpt for thc retirement of the former an acetate gasoline additive for which he According to the Association of Amcri- ch;lirm:ln. Mr. Frank Common, and the was wid Sh.000. can Soap :~ntl Glycerine Producers. election of Dr. Alhert Wettstein. biggest gains werc recorded by liquid Othcr ofliccrs of the corporation are N~~ will make materials-up 11.7:(, to 530 million Ib.; T. F. Davics Haincs, executive vice sales of solid produce rose 1.5% to morc prcsitlcnt. David B. Dyche. vice presi- Lederle drugs in Australia than 2.000 niillion Ib. Sales of soaps dent in charge of finance, Dr. Harry R. A joint corporation with total assets declincd from 805,300,000 Ib. in the first Marshall. vice president. Roderic L. of approximately 53 million, is to be nine months of last year to 771.500.000 O'Connor, vice president and secretary. formed by American Cyanamid Co. and Ih. in the samc period of 1961. Clifton S. Thomson. general counsel. Drug Houses of Australia Ltd.. who Construction to start soon on Karl Zimmermann. controller, and T. H. have been the distributors and later the Sa:lri. treas~~rcr.Present operating sub- licensees for Cyanamid's Lederle Labora- Esso Nederland aromatics plant 5idi:lries hccome divisions of the ClRA tories Division for more than 12 years. Construction is to start 'very soon' of corporation. Mr. Haincs will continue The new company will manufacture the :ironi:llics plant planned to he built as president of CIRA Pharmaceutical and sell Lederle brand pharmaceuticals. on the sitc of the Esso Nctlcrland oil Cnnipany, Dr. Marqhnll will continue as A plant to produce broad spectrllm anti- refinery in Rottcrdam. initial dctails of predcnt of ClBA Chemical and Dye biotics is to he built at Laverton, Mel- which werc ;rnno~~nccdin CIII~MICAI Am' Co.. ant1 Donald Joseph will become bourne, and is expected to he in pro- 15 April, p. 617; preliminary work has prcsiclcnt of ClRA Products Co. duction by the end of 1962. now heen completed. Permission for The plant will produce a variety of erection h;ls still to he eiven hv the drugs including Aureomycitf. Achro- Netherlands Governnicnt. It will cost Geneva law-suits name I mycin. Declomycin, and also Aureo- some F1.65 million and it is hopctl to t mycin for use in animal leedstuffs. Robert S. Aries Cvanamid will continue to operate' their I...... ,I...... - .. , , . . ..t . I.. . - I- .. .. ,.. . .I . .. - . I Initl:ll output will hc of 120,000 tonne? Mr. Robert S. Arics. who has heen s~Lrgical suture plant in Hurtsville ;innu;~lly, the production programme n;tnlctl in :I number 01' suits pending in through their affili:itc. Cyanamitl covering benzole, toluene o-xylene, m- U.S. courts on grounds of illegal acquisi- Australia Pty. Ltd. 1002 CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961

Overseas news Further price changes for U.S. chemicals Dow Chemical and Monsanto Chemi- NEW DU PONT HERBICIDE BASED ON cal have cut their prices of phenol from 16.25 to 14.5 cents/lb. Dow Chemical have cancelled their COMPOUND FROM NEW CHEMICAL FAMILY recent I cent/lb. rise for polystyrene, bringing the price back to 18 centsllb. Allied Chemical are raising their nitrogen product prices by 2%, or by WO new weedkiller compounds have Tbeen announced in Paris by Du Pont Paper Department, who make the '3iton Of nitrogen with effect from I at an international symposium on weed colours, had to develop special techniques The rise covers ammonia' control organised by the European Weed for dispersing the colours to make them ammonium nitrate' sodium nitrate' urea' S"lphate and "Iated pro- Research Council and the French Com- satisfactory for use in spinning fibres. :r~~~~ mittee Against Weeds. They are Lorox, a herbicide for selective weed control in More calciumcarbide field corn and soybeans, and a compound temporarily designated DU Pont Herbi- planned by Odda Changes in Ceylonese cide 82. For non-crop use, the latter Odda Smelteverk AIS. Norway, will import regulations ~romisesto be of particular value for over the next five years expand hydro- Licences are no longer needed in weed control in sites where hard-to-kill electric power facilities to enable calcium Ceylon for the import of ammonium sul- weeds and grasses are a critical prob- cartidc output to be raised from 50.000 phate produced in any territory other lem. Such sites include industrial areas. to 80,000 tonnes annually. Odda also than the Ceylonised area. Similarly. railroad and storage yards, roads and produce calcium cyanamide and dicyandi- licences are no longer needed for sulphur rail tracks. amide. produced in any territory other than the Both products were developed by Du Zeylonised area and the dollar area. Pont research chemists and they will be Fall in Sicilian Newly imposed import restrictions on commercial introduced in the U.S. in sulphur production caustic coda do not apply to goods 1962. No date has been set for their in- in the hands of carriers or in course of troduction in Europe. ~~~i~~ the first nine months of 1961. production of sulphur in Sicily totalled shipment On November; goods ordered Herbicide 82 is based on one "gainst irrevocable letters credit pound in a new family of chemicals 725,800 tonnes (15.1% down on the 854.800 tonnes total of last year). Output before th'is date be designated as substituted uracils, Its "lowed into Ceylon. chemical formula is 3-isopropyl-5-bromo- of molten sulphur fell 20.8% rrom &methyl uracil, Tests are claimed to 41,300 tonnes to 31.700 have shown that it is two to five times Production of wet flotation sulphur more against hard-to-kill grasses is reported to have risen 50.7% over the E.N.1. oil and fertiliser than soil sterilants now in common use. Same period, reaching 39.800 plants in Ceylon As th& new family of chemicals pro- mises to provide interesting candidates 1,200 tons/day sulphuric acid Reprecentatives of E.N.I. are negotiat- ing in Colombo an agreement with the for a variety of herbicidal applications, unit on stream Government of Ceylon for the establish- several other substituted uracil com- A 1.200 tonslday sulphuric acid plant ment of an oil refinery and a fertiliser pounds have been developed by has been commissioned hy U.S. Phos- plant. The two units would cost about and are currently being tested. phoric Division of the Tennessee Cor- $50 million. half of which would be pro- Lorox weedkiller is formulated as a poration at Tampa, Fla. Rased on Frasch vided by E.N.T. and the other half raised wettable powder to be mixed in locally. After a number of years, E.N.I. water and applied as a spray. It is based u~lphur,the plant uses Moncanto know- 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyI,-l-methoxy-l-how. Most of the output will be used by propose to withdraw from the venture. on leaving operation of the two plants to methyl,lrea. Du Pant have proposed that the company for its own fertiliser pro- the term 'linuron' be established as the duction' Ceylonese interests. approved name for this product. ------. . - - -

Hydrogen peroxide plant for Japan 1 Edison's new caustic/chlorine plant at Mantur Under construction by Edogawa Chemical Co.. Osaka. is a 1,000 tonne?/ month hydrogen peroxide using a self- developed autoxidation process. The plant is due on stream by March, 1962, and is an addition to an existing 9W) tonneslmonth capacity unit that is based on the electrolytic process.

U.S. firm introduces polypropylene carpet First commercial production of a new carpet fibre and carpet, made from poly- propylene. has been announced by E. T. Barwick Mills, Inc., Chamblee, Ga. The polypropylene resins and fibre were made by Hercules Powder at Covington. Va, and Lake Charles. La. The carpet will he tufted with Hercules polypropy- lene solution-dyed yarn, and priced at about S7.95/sq. yd. A recent view of the chlorine and caustic soda plant at Mantua of the Chemical Hercules Imperial Color Chemical and Division, Soc. FAison 23 December 1961 CHEMTCAL AGE

sions. Twelve of the articles are con- Bookshelf cerned with adsorption, kinetics and mechanisms and consider such topics as the influence of ion adsorption at metal- solution interfaces, hydrogen electrode mechanisms, double-layer effects on elec- POLYMER CHEMISTRY TEXT trode rate processes, rapid electrode re- actions, H-D isotope effects, and the evolution and dissolution of hydrogen. The other six articles deal with electrode COVERS NEEDS FOR A.P.I. hehaviour of single metal crystals, effects of sound-waves on potentials, and Faradaic impedance and rectification. A PRACTICALCOURSE IN POLYMER IS divided are entitled: symbols, acyclic Probably this was one of the most CHEMISTRY.By S. H. Pinner. Pergamon hydrocarbons, sutstituted acyclic struc- important symposiums on this subject Press, London, 1961. Pp. xv+ 156. 25s. tures, aliphatic heterogeneous structures, since the one held by the This is the second recent text intended carbocyclic compounds with one ring, in 1947. The presentation is of a very to cover requirements for the Associate- ring aggregates, heterocyclic systems, high standard, hut clearly the specialised ship of the Plastics Institute: it will also assembly notation of cyclic compounds, nature of the material and the high price be of value in courses where the organic compounds with elements other than are going to limit the number of pur- chemistry and some aspects of the physi- C,H,O,N,S and halogen, stereoisomerism, chasers who will doubtless consist of a cal chemistry of polymers are taught. and lastly abnormal valencies, salts, iso- number of academic institutes and the The distribution of experiments is: mono- topes and persubstitution. There are four larger electroplating firms. mer preparation (4), polymer modifica- appendices which deal with the arrange- tion and degradation (8), polymerisation ment of ciphers in index form, decipher- (16), polycondensation (3), viscometry ing, some exaplples of ciphering and (I), osmometry (2), analysis (5). There finally, special examples. A comprehen- ) Solid surfaces are very complete details on viscometl? sive index is also provided. and osmometry procedures. THE SURFACECHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS.~ND The general emphasis is on the organic ED. By S. J. Grcgg. Chapman and Hall, preparative side; it would he helpful in London, 1961. Pp. xvii+393. 60s. a number of cases to characterise the b Cybernetics This new edition of an admirable*book different products more fully by specific provides an introductory survey of the physical examination, and to make the AN APPROACHTO CYBERNETICS.By G. physico-chemical phenomena at solid ' reports ' more quantitative in character. Pask. Hutchinson and Co. Ltd., 1961. interfaces. Surface energy, adhesion, This volume has an almost entirely Pp. 128. 12s 6d. lubrication; adsorption of gases and different content from the Experimental This is not an easy book for most catalysis: adsorption and spreading of Plastics of Redfarn and Bedford which people to read. The difficulty arises from liquids:,porosity: the properties of dusts also emanated from the Borough Poly- the speed with which it develops nota- and active solids, and chemical aspects technic, and which was concerned with tions appropriate for its purposes. This of chromatography are the main topics the compounding, fabrication and testing will trouble mathematicians least, but dealt with. of plastics. students of some other disciplines may The book is not written for the be hard pressed. The effort to stay with specialist in these topics; it aims at pro- it is worthwhile for the approach gives a viding a sound general survey 'in which new way of looking at phenomena and the emphasis is upon the relationship ) I.U.P.A.C. notation brings the realisation that apparently between the different parts of a broad different topics may have elements in field and the unity of apparently diverse RULES FOR I.U.P.A.C. NOTATIONFOR common. phenomena'. In this exceptionally well ORGANICCOMPOUNDS. Longmans. Pp. 107. The text is divided into eight chapters: illustrated book the author has been 25s. 'The background of cybernetics '; unusually successful; it is one from This volume is issued by the I.U.P.A.C. ' Learning, observation and prediction '; which the reader will rapidly imbibe Comm.ssion on the codification, cipher- ' The state determined behaviour '; many important aspects of solid inter- Ing and punched card techniques for ' Control systems '; ' Biological con- facial behaviour. organlc compounds. trollers '; ' Teaching machines '; ' Evolu- It is a pity that the processes of sub- The Commission have based their tion and reproduction of machines '; and limation, solution and mobility of sur- notation on the well-known Dyson system ' Industrial cybernetics '. It contains a face Layers are not given any appreciable but have considerably revised and ex- needed short glossary, a list of 91 refer- attention. tended it. The system, which is based ences, seven appendices and a short sub- fundamentally on chemical concepts, ject index. There are numerous line prov~des unique ciphers for all com- diagrams, many of which require more pounds of known structures including explanation, and a number of photo- ) Insect control mesoionic and polymeric compounds: the graphs; those of apparatus do not help cipher also specifies the stereochemistry. the reader for one control panel looks CHEMICALCONTROL OF INSECTS(2nd Edi- 1 he notation is applicable to those struc- very much like another, and an electronic tion). By T. F. Wert and J. E. Hardy. tures I'or which systematic names cannot box is more or less a box. Chapman and Hall, London, 1961. Pp. be made for existing rules. Only one 206. 50s. structure can be constructed Irom a given This well written and presented book cipher. gives an excellent coverage of the subject The notation is concise and gives a ) Electrode processes which permits the reader to assess the linear cipher which can be set on a type- usefulness of different chemicals and writer or a printer's keyboard. It provides TRANSACTIONSOF THE SYMPOSIUM ON methods of use. The authors have suc- a reasonable degree of classification in ELECTRODEPROCESSES. Edited by E. ceeded in presenting "a broad outline of indexing, and with its ultimatc use in Yeoger. J. Wiley and Sons, Inc., New the present scene taken from a canvas indexes and lexicons in mind, the symbols York, 1961. Pp. xivf374. 160s. on which the emphasis is changing con- have been simplified so that ciphers can This international symposium was held stantly". The importance of their sub- be directly punchcd in, for example, an in Philadelphia in 1959 under the spon- ject is illustrated by the fact that in I.B.M. card and the data recovered as sorship of the Electrochemical Society, 1930 it was estimated that not less than originally written with the I.B.M. and the participants included such one-tenth of human effort on bask in- document-writing machinc. The notation authorities as Frumkin, Bockris and dustries such as agriculture in the Com- is also suitable for use in spoken form. Conway. The transactions consist of 18 monwealth was dissipated by insect The I1 sections into which the book articles interspersed by liberal discus- pests. 1004 CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961

Dr. P. 1. Campbell has been Mr. George TeelingSmith, formcrly appo~ntedto the new post of director of sommcrcial director of thc Bayer Pro- research and development with Riker ducts Division, Winthrop Group Ltd.. Laboratories, Loughborough, Leics, and has hccn appointed tlcputy managing will be taking up dutics on 1 January. A director of thc division. Mr. Bernard native of Northcrn Ireland, he graduated Hardicty hecomcs tlivisional s;llcs pro- from Queen's University, Belfast, after motion tlircctor. an apprenticeship in retail pharmacy. @ Prc)fessor A. C. Frazer, Birmingham Subsequently he held a management Ilniversity, will givc the Seventh Lever- position in retail pharmacy before taking hulme Memori:~I Lecture under thc title up a three-year Medical Research 'Thc fxtc of dict:~ry f:1t in the body '. Council fellowship at Qucen's University, Thc leclurc will be givcn at a mecting of where he was warded his Ph.D. For the Livcrpool Scction. Socicty of Chcrni- the last three years Dr. Campbell has cal Industry in 1-iverpool on 5 April. been associate director of research and Izurthcr dctails will be announced later. development for another international company marketing prescription pharma- Mr. H. C. Mayer, cxccutive director ceuticals. and sccrctary of Griffin and Gcorge Ltd.. Alperton, Middlesex, and its subsidiaries. Mr. K. M. Townsend has heen ap- has hccn appointcd dcputy managing pointed secretary of Geigy (Holdings) director of the group. Ltd.. Manchester, as from 1 January Department, has served the Research Sir Miles Thonias, ch:~irman of Mon- 1962 in succession to Dr. H. B. Knuchel. Council in that capacity without being \anto C:hcmicals Ltd. has accepted an who was recently elected to the hoard. n full member. Hc became secrctary of invitation 1.0 become president of thc Mr. Townsend. who is chief accountant D.S.I.R. in 1956. after a distinguishcd Froncysyllte Malc Voicc Choir, a famou, of Geigy (Holdings). was recently elec- academic career. His last University post Welsh choir which has close ties with ted to the board of Ashburton Chemical was as Mason of Chemistry pdonsanto's Kuahon works. Nearly half Works Ltd., a manufacturing company at Birmingham University, from 1948- the h?, choir n>cmbcrs arc employcd by of the Geigy group. 1956. Previously he had bcen Professor Mons:tnto. of Chemistry at Aherdeen University for Mr. B. N. Malkin has joined H. A. eight years. He ws elcctetl a of Mr. Heinrich K. von Dellmensingen, Smith Ltd., Braunston, near Rugby, as the Royal Socicty ;it the age of 33, 20 1-ssen, h:~s bccn :~ppointcd to the board technical sales manager of the newly years ago. of thc Wcst German chcmical company formed Resin Division (see page 991). Wasi~g-Chcmie AG, also of Essen. Mr. A. E. C. Drake has bcen Professor Dr. Otto Bayer, director of ;~ppolnted a deputy chairman of the Mr. C. G. Ahlquist and Mr. J. V. R~rhenfahriken Bayer AG, Leverkusen. Hritish Petroleum Co. I.td. from I Goddard have bccn appointed directors Professor Dr. Walter Reppe, research January, fnllowing Sir Harold Snow'\ of Henry Simon (Holdings) Ltd.. Chcadle head of Radische Anilin- und Soda- retire~ncnt ;IS a tlcputy chairman and a Heath, Stockport. with eflect from I Fabrik AG. Ludwigshafen-on-Rhine. and managing dircctor :it the end of the ycar. January. Professor Dr. Karl Ziegler. director of the Max-Planck Institute for Carbon Re- Dr. F. H. Westheimer, Professor of Mr. .I. S. Hunter. at present assistant managing dircctor (commercial) of the search, Mulheim-on-Ruhr, have been ('hemistry, Harvdrd Univcrsity, has bccn D.C.I.. Chemicnl Division, will be trans- presented with thc Siemens Ring for their appointed Morrell lecturer at Carnhridgc services to chemistry. The ring was University for the :rcademic:tl year 1962- fcrred. with eflect from I January 1962. lo assist the chairman of the D.C.L. awarded by the chairman of the Siemens 63. Ring Foundation in the presence of the Chemical Group at 21 St. James's Square. Mr. Hal Freedman, a physics grad- London S.W.I. He will rcmain a divi- Prime Minister of the West German e uate of London University who was for sional director of thc D.C.L. Chemict~l State of North Rhine-Westphalia. some years London representative for Division, hut without cxccutivc respon- Mr. A. Meyer, chief shareholder in Griffin and George and later joined sibility, and will he appointed an alter- Lazard Freres. New York. has been Shandon Scientific Co. Ltd. as a product native director of Br~tish Hydrocarbon appointed a director of Montecatini. manager. has been appointcd managing Chcmicnls Ltd.. Grange Chcmicals. Forth Milan. director of Scientific Industries Inter- Chemicals Ltd.. and Murgatroyd Salt and national Inc. (U.K.) Ltd., an associate Chemic;ll Co. Ltd. Dr. R. R. Hill has been appointed company of Scientific Industries Inc. of Union Carbide research fellow in New York. He spent three years in the chemistry at Southampton University. U.S. successfully launching a rangc of Monsanto M.D.'s tribute Mr. J. M. Locke has received a British instruments into the American to Sir Wm. Garrett N.A.T.O. research fellowship in market. On his return to the U.K. in IN AN appreciation of Sir William chemistry at the same university. 1960 he rejoined Shandon Scientific Co. G:~rrctt. who rsccntly rctired from the as a sales manager. Dr. J. C. Bevington, senior lecturer board of Mons:~nto Chcmic;~ls Ltd.. Mr. D. K. Mackic. m:ln:~ging director. says 111 the Department of Chemistry Rir- @ Mr. .I. F. Briggs, who joincd thc mingham University. has been grantcd Spondon factory of British Celanese in th:~t Sir William's incrc:rsing influence the title of reader in the chemistry of 1916 and has heen associated with all in industry undoubtcdly helpcd polymers. important developments in acetate. strengthen the recognition of Monsanto reached the age of 90 on 5 Deccmher. as a m:~jor inclepcndcnt fi~ctor in the Sir Harry Melville, K.C.B., F.R.S., He was the first deputy manager ;II U.K. chcmicnl industry. secretary of the Department of Scientific Spondon. At his retirement many years Writing in thc company's housc mnga- and Industrial Research, has been ap- ago, he expressed the wish. to continuc zinc. Mr. Mackic s;~ys that Sir William pointed a member of the Research to attend his ofice at Spondon and has was the first Mons:lnto man to tccomc Council (Council for Scientific and In- done so evcr since. He was there as ~~su;~lchairman of the Association of Chemical dustrial Research). In making this ap- on his 90th hirthday. Rcfore joining and Allicd Employcrs. thc lirst Monsanto pointment. Lord Hailsham, Minister for British Cclanese, he worked at the turn man lo te chairman of the British Science, gives recognition to Sir Harry's of the century with Cross and Bevan, Employcrs' Confederation and the first "notable services to D.S.I.R." The the viscose inventors. Monsanto m:rn to bccomc chairman of appointment is personal to Sir Harry and thc Association of British Chcmical does .not mean that future secretaries Mr. Henri Debbrabant has bccn Manufacturers. of D.S.I.R. will automatically become appo~ntedchairman and managing direc- He adds. "What a record, and. I think members of the Research Council. Sir tor of the French-hased South European it is safc to say. one which will never Harry. as secretary and head of the pipeline concern. be beaten". 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 1005 New lrish packaging company set up Equipment delays affect McKechnie results Aspro-Nicholas Montecatini 10-month sales up 12% 0rdln:try shareholders of Aspro- Nicholas Lttl. arc being asked if they would rather reccivc thcir annual divi- Phenix-Rheinrohr plan Italian tie-up dends in two inst;~lmcnts instead of four as at prcrcnt. A cecond 3iU,', interim is ing of the Swiss company meant that the As Phoenix-Rheinrohr are covered by declared for thc currcnt yc:ir (same). problem could be tackled only by juris- the European Coal and Steel Community diction. scheme, the planned take-over will have lrish Plastic Packaging The Swiss Press notes surprise at this first to be approved by the Community's The ncw joint Metal Hox and Irkh opinion since Interhandel have only re- High Authority. Glass Hottle comp:iny has now been set cently made suggestions to the Depart- up in Eirc undcl- thc litlc Irish mcnt of Justice for a settlement out of Soc. Chimica Sarda court. Plastic Packaging, with issucrl capital ol The new joint company of Rumianca. flU1.000 and a procluction un~t in Montecatini Turin, and Pittsburg Plate Glass Inter- Dublin. D~ructorsarc Mr. J. McGrath. national. Geneva, has been formed on a ch:lirman. Mr. J. Grillin (managin$ In the first 10. months of 1961, sales 50-50 basis under the title Soc. Chimica dircctor of 11-ish Glass Bottle), Dr. by thc Montecatini Group totalled Sarda. With a capital of 50 million lire, t. ,V. Carcy (Irirh Glass Bottlc), who is 320.000 million I:rc. or about 12$, up this company will build and operate general m:lnagcr oC Ihc ncw comp:lny, on the samc period last year, when the plants in Cagliari, Sardinia, for the pro- Mr. P. McGrath. Mr. D. Ducat (mnnag- total was 285.000 million lire. duction of organics and inorganics. Dr. ing director Mct;ll Box). Mr. D. J. List(% At the recent meeting of shareholders. Renato Gualino has been appointed and Mr. J. M. J:~ckson. it was stated that it had been decided not chairman. to go ahead with thc planned absorp- Rumianca earlier this year (C.A., 24 McKechnie Brothers tion of Soc. Vetrocoke. It was also re- June, p. 1039) announced plans to make Intcnsivc competition for raw matc- ported that the company's new Brindisi caustic soda chlorine, p.v.c. and poly- rials. with stock losscs and delays in plant would go on stream early in 1962. thene in Sardinia. complctian of new equipment, advcrscly In Sicily, the group plans a new plant affected rcsults on the chemicals side at for the production of ammonia, in addi- Reichhold Chemical tion to doubling capacity of the Porto Widnes. said Mr. John Duncan Reichhold Chemicals Inc. report for Empedocle fertiliser plant, expansion of McKechnie, chairman and managing thc first thrce-quartcrs of the currcnt year the plant at Campofranco and a new dircctor of McKechnie Brothers Ltd. in nct profit of somc 550,000 (52,490,000) plant at thc potash mine at Racalmttt. his annual statcmcnt. Thc new equip- after increased turnovcr of 576,800,000 ment is expcctetl to help cut production (574,400,000). Before addition of profits costs during 1961/62. Pl:lns arc in hand Phoenix-Rheinrohr from investments, thc company actuqlly for continuing the modcrnisation of the The Diisseldorf, West Germany, steel recorded a working loss for the per~od Widnes Works and thc company is in- products company, Phoenix-Rheinrohr of 5210,000, as against a working profit vestigating development into olhcr pro- AG, plans to take over a share majority of 51,710.000 for thc 1960 period. ducts which would link up with thosc in the Terni, Italy, producer of petro- already made at Widnes. chemical, chcmical and oil industry plant INCREASE OF CAPITAL and packaging concern. Officine Mec- LONZAAG, Baslc. are to recommend A.K.U. caniche e Fonderie A. Hosco. The plan at an cxtr:lordin:lry general meeting to be An interim dividend of 4':: (same) is is for an exchange of know-how and held on 25 January an incrcase in capital to be paid for 1961 by Algcmcnc Kunst- information between the two concerns. rrom S.Fr. 50 million to S.Fr. 60 million. zijde Unie, Arnhcm. Last year, thc divi- dend totalled 17':!,, plus a 5';L sh:trc bonus to ma~kthe comp;~ny's fiftieth Market Reports anniversary. Olin Mathieson YEAR-END APPROACH SLOWS TRADING Olin Milthiecon Chemical, U.S.. announce a regular quarterly dividend of LONDON Most sections of the indus- ness is concerned. There is little likeli- 25 ccntc~sharc(?:me) payable 9 March trial chemicals market report a quieter hood of a recovery until after the holi- tendency with only a small volume of days but traders are hopefol that this General Aniline new business being placed. These con- recovery will not be long delayed. There ditions are not unusual for a period has been little change in prices. The Amcrican Shareholders Com- when the main emphasis is on contract In the market for the light and heavy mittee of the General Anilinc and Film renewals for the coming year. At the tar products a quietly steady movement Corporation. ha\ appealed to sharc- time of this report priccs are unchanged into consumption is reported, while holders to urge U.S. Congress reprcsen- and steady, while the supply position slacker conditions have been experienced tativcs to support the Bill whereby thc appears to present no dificulty in any in the compounds and most other des- company would be sold to private U.S. direction. criptions of fertilisers. interests. The committee's chairman There has been little of fresh interest ctates that G.A.F. could not livc through to report on the agricultural chemicals SCOTLAND There has been littleor the competition of privately-owned firms and relatively quiet conditions continue. nochange in conditions generally. De- unless it was itself sold to private in- The movement in the coal tar products mands lorthe home n~~~~~~have been terests. has heen perhaps less active than of late fairly moderate, perhaps in some cases The committee, which has hitherto sup- due to seasonal influences. due to the approaching end of the year. ported an out-of-court settlement hc- 8 However, there have been some inquiries tween thc U.S. and lntcrhandcl AG. MANCHESTER Stocktaking and ' for forward deliveries, and contract re- Batle. the Swiss holding company which othcr seasonal influences have been in quirements for 1962 are still showing contests the right to sell, now states that cvidence and trading conditions have interest. The position in regard to export the ~ntranqigenccnntl lack of understand- been relatively quiet 3s far as new busi- i~still satisfactory. CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961

Changes in wholesale TRADE NOTES prices of chemicals WHOLESAI.Eprice index of the Board of Fibrous glass insulation Ltd., and Tritox by Associated Fumiga- Trade for Novcmhcr showed a marginal Use of fibrous glass insulating materials tors Ltd., both companies having been rise for chemicals on the previous for a widc range of industrial, military acquired by Rentokil and these retail month, but a fall compared with the and consumer applications is illustrated products absorbed by the Products levels of a year ago. Rased on ;I 1954 in a new bulletin from Fibrous Glass- Division. average of 100. thc indcx shows the fol- Products Inc., Mountaintop, Pa., U.S., a Rentokil products are manufactured at lowing monthly :tvcrnges: subsidiary of Pall Corporation. Bulletin Leatherhead and Perth; sales manager Nov. Ocr. Nov. 1961 1961 1960 FlOl covers five major product areas- W. M. Sproat operates from Felcourt, Chemicals 8 allied indus- thermal insulation, acoustical insulation. East Grinstead. Sussex; and the com- durrraer: pany maintains the Woodworm and Dry Total sales ...... 103.1. 103.0* 103.6 vibration isolation, packaging dunnage, Home sales ...... 105.3' 105.2* 105.1 and filtration. Rot Free Advice Centre at 16 Dover Lube 081s 8 greases ... 121.5* 121.5 1 14.2 Street, London, W.I. General chemicals ... 103.7- 103.7' 105.1 To~lererier ...... 120.1* 120.1' 1 15.6 Paint ...... 112.6. 119.9' 108.2 Petro bond sand Change of address Soap ...... 132.8. 130.6 129.0 F. W. Berk and Co. Ltd. have cut the Detergents ...... 97.8 97.8 103.5 From 1 January, Orr Products, pump Srn. resins 8 plastics price of their Petro bond sand by be- manufacturers, are moving to Goodridge materials 83.1' 83.6. 87.7 tween £5 and £7 10s a ton for, deliveries cammodit& wh& or partly imported Avenue, Quedgeley, Gloucester Oils, resins & gums. in 1, 5 and 10 ton lots. (Gloucester 27455). Linseed, crude, naked. ex-works ...... 144.9' 150.6 132.0 Palm oil. c.i.f. in bulk .. 99.4. 99.4 9.75 Rentokil Laboratories Ltd. Whale oil, acid, roit. naked. ex-works ... 59.2. 65.8 115.9 On 1 January Rentokil Products Ltd. Pyrites. ci.1.. U.K. ports 62.8 62.8 64.2 becomes the Products Division of Rento- Griffin and George Sulphur, crude lor acid. c.i.f...... 72.1 72.1 75 4 kil Laboratories Ltd. In 1962 nearly all science teaching awards * Provisional the companies in the Rentokil Group FIRST prize of £25 in the Griffin and will be known as specialist divisions of George awards for science teaching by the new company, Rentokil Laboratories practising teachers in secondary school? Ltd. The company claims that it is now was won by "A Scottish '0' grade Drugs and medicines Europe's largest pest control organisa- chemistry course based on atomic and exempted from P.T. tion, timber preservation being but one ionic theory" (Mr. Alex H. Johnstone, A ncw Trcasury order (Purchase Tax of many diverse activities. George Watson's Boys' College, Edin- (No. 2) Ordcr. 1961-S.I. 2285161) In addition to the well-known Rento- burgh 10). extends the schedule of essential drugs kil timber preservatives and Rentofab The money prizes, worth over 100 and medicines excmpt from purchase mothproofer, the Rentokil Products guineas, are given annually by the Griffin tax. Ncw itcms cxemptcd Crom tax and Division markets Rodine rodenticides and George Group, who claim to be the extensions of cxisting itcms are given in and Tritox systemic insecticide. Rodine largest manufacturers and suppliers of the Board of Trade Jo~~rnol,15 Dcccm- was originally made by Thomas Harley modern laboratory equipment in Europe. her, page 1209. 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 1007

Steroids. Scherico Ltd. IDivided out of 887 814.1 887 815 NEW PATENTS Tetracycline amides. American Cyanamid Co. 887 754 Process and composition for the manufacture By pernlission of the Confro/[cr, H.M. Heat resisting material comprising self-bonded of epoxy-resins. Ciba Ltd. 887 996 s~~~;~~~~~office, following exlrocls silicon nitride with silicon carbide dispersed Arumiltic fluorine compounds employed in the thereon and method far producing it. National production of polymeric gums. National Poly- are reprodrcced fro171 the 'Officinl Jorrrrrol Research Development 887 942 chemicals. Inc. 887 691 (Patents)', wlrich is availahlc from //re Prerrarntion of memben of the tetracycline series. Production of esters and the esters thus pro- Patrnt Office (Sales Branclt),25 &rr~har,tp- American Cyanamid Co. 887 671 duced. Harburger Fettchemie Brinckman & ton Bttildings. Cltancery Lane, London Pn,cew lor the purification of 2-ethyl-cis-crolo- Mergell GmbH. 887 899 noyl-urea. Miles Laboratories Inc. [Addition Production of highly polymeric quaternary am- W.C.2, price 3s 6d including poslage; to 743 164 and 864 284.1 887 666 onium compounds. Badische Anilin- & Soda- annual sribscripriorz £8 2s. Hsrdcnsble compositions comprising epoxidr Fabrik AG. 887 900 compounds and tetrahydrofurane. Ciba Ltd. Hydrogenation process. Esso Research & Enei- Spreihcotions filed in cr>nnectio,n with the 888 149 nearing Ca. 888 082 oeceproncrs in the following lisr will be open Polyoxamides. Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd. Derivatives of 1.3.3 trimethyl-spiro (Z2H-1'-benzo- to public inspection on the dnrcs shown. Opposi- Q11 1<11.-" pyran-2',2-indoline). National Cash Register Inon the lront of a Parenr on of the Polypropylene yalrns. Montecatini. [Addition to Co. 887 958 opplicntions listed moy he lodred hy filin~porenls 810 023.1 887 673 Anthelmintic composition containing dithiazanine form I2 nt nrty time within the prercribed period. separation benzene from hydrocarbon ,,,ix- iodide. General Aniline & Film Carp. 887 757 lures. Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd. Unsaturated aldehydes of the vitamin A serier. ACCEPTANCES 887 871 Fnrbenfabriken Bayer AG. 887 819 Proces? for preparing the antibiotic cyclaheximide Product~on of trivalent live poliomyelitis vaccine. Open to public inspection 24 .January . and its isomer bv fermentation. Tanabe Seiv- American Cyanamid Co. 888 171 Stabilising cyclic ethers against oxidation. Du Conversion of steroidal n:P unrrturrted ketoncr sku Co. Ltd. 887 825 to olefin5 N~tional Reredrch Dcveloomenl Polyvinyl chloride campositionr. Imperial Chemi- Pont de Nemours & Co.. E. 1. 888 096 Chlorinated copolymers of ethylene. Farben- Corp. 887 706 cal Indu*trie% Ltd. 887 669 fabriken Bayer AG. 887 961 Procesr for the manufircture 01 *-c;tprul:~clarn. Phurmnceutical preparations. Upjohn Co. Farbwerke Hoechqt AC. 887 718 887 872 Preparation of high quality solid olefin poly- mers. Standard Oil Ca. 888 027 Vaccines. Glaro Labor;iturie* Ltd 888 180 Pnlcess for the production of caustic alkali solu- Process for the manufacture of lithium alumin- Copolymeriration. Pechiney. 888 014 tion% from alkali metal amalgama and appara- ium hydride. HoEmann-La Roche & Co. AG. Process for prcoaring high molecular weieht poly? tus therefor, Imperial Chemical Indus'ries F. 888 045 mers of a-olefin.; Mc,ntecatini. [Addition to Ltd. 887 670 Purificatiun process for isocyanates. lmoerial Derivatives of 3-alkyl. 3'-methyl-spiro-[bcnzo- 828 791.1 887 707 thiazol~2,2'-(2~H-I~-henzopyran)l. National Pracecs for the production of elrrtnvmeric plas- Chemical lndustrier Ltd. 887 874 Cash Register Co. 887 902 tics. Farbenfabriken Bayer AG. 887 708 Thiophosphoric acid esters. American Cyanamid Organic polymer mixtures. Polyplastic, and Cvclc,pen?nn<,phenanthrene derivative*. Syntcx Co. 887 676 Pneumatiques & Caoutchouc Manufacture S.A. 887 721 Bonding pulyolefins to metals by means of a Kleber Colombes. 888 046 Hydrogenation of hydrocarbons. Rnbo. J. A. chemicully modified polyolefin resin. Esso Research & Engineering Co. ' 887 875 Process for the production of tropylium salts and 887 794 substitution products derived therefrom. Shell Preparaticm of alkali-metal poly 5ilicates. Montc- Anthraquinone dyestuffs and process for their Internstionale Research Maatschappij N.V. catini. 887 972 mnnufaclure. Ciba Ltd. 887 876 S1rroid.i. Suhcrico Ltd. 887 814 Production of aliphatic alcohols. Distillers Ca. 887 693 Process for the production of tropones or thee Method lor the production uf pulyhydric alco- Ltd. 887 678 tropones. Shell lnternationale Research Maat- hols. Skanskr Atlifabriken A.B. 888 144 Carboxylic acid amides. Montecatini. 888 164 Condensation productr and polymerisable com- schappij N.V. 887 694 Citric acid productr and preparation thereof. Process for vulcanising olefin polymers and co- Pfizer & Co., Inc.. Chas. 887 973 puritions. Badische Anilin- and Soda-Fabrik pnlymers. Montecatini. 887 763 Polymerisation of olefins. Ruhrchemie AG. AG. [Addition to 848 400.1 887 957 Method for the preparation of arninoaeoledisul- Curing epoxy butadienes. F.M.C. Carp. 888 134 887 974 Organopolysiloxane elastomeric foams. Dow Podophyllic acid derivative7 and process for their phides. Coodrich Co., B. F. 887 856 Manutacture of ammonium sulphate. 1mneri.l Corning Corp. 887 905 production. Sandoz Ltd. 887 817 Substituted urea compounds. Upjohn Co. Organopolyailnxane compoqilions coovertihlc to Chemical Industrieq Ltd. 888.031 117 QXL elastomer5. Wacker-Chemio GmhH. 887 976 Process for the preparation of 6a-methyl-16- -"" I*~,merisationof olefins. Esso Research & Engi- Halogeno-trirzine dyestuffs. thrir manu1;tcture melhylene steroids. British Drug Houses Ltd. 887 861 neering Cu. 887 903 and use. Ciha Ltd. 887 723 Process for the preparation of alefin copolymers. Methoxy indolyl propylaminr. Laboratoireq Production of polymers from monomeric epmy compounds. Petrochemicalr Ltd. 887 988 Montecatini and Zieeler. 888 050 Francaise de Chimiotherap~e. 887 915 Process fur the production of graft copolymers. Benzo-l:3-thiazinedioncr-(2:4). Thomite GmbH. 16-Methyiene cteroids. Britkh Drug Houses Ltd. Grrce & Co., W. R. Karl (Dchn. F. R) 887 700 887 684 887 887 Pruduction of symmetrically ~ubstituted conju- Ant~bacterial agents. Beecham Research Labora- Prucerses for the preparation of benm-l:3-thlarine- toricy Ltd 888 110 diones-(24). Thumse GmhH. Karl. 887 701 gated hexatrienes and their vinyloguer. Bad- ische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG 887 686 Prucesr for the purification of isoprene. Shell Poly\lyrene c<,mpvyclic ~ulphonamide derivat~vua. Mcrck R: 887 748 A- post-graduate coursen of nine Co Inr. 887 71 1 Pn,cer? for the manufacture of alkali metal Manufacture uf pulymeric matcr~;ti\. Imperial pho\phates. Knapsack-Griesheim AG. 887 749 lectures on ' Heterogeneous catalysis ' is Chemical 1nduslrie.i Ltd. 887 724 Production of 0-piroline. Distillen Co. Ltd. to be held at K,ingston Technical College Method for the preparation of I,,-;,mino caprvlic 887 688 on Wednesday evenings, at 7 p.m., com- acid and it5 e\trr*. Montecatini 888 163 Polymerisation of unsaturated hydrocarbons. mencing 17 January 1962. Another Metallifcmus triazine rn~,noazodye~tuffsand their Polymer Corp. Ltd. 887 779 course at the College will comprise a manufacture and we. Cihil Ltd. 887 867 Preparation of 0.0-dialkyl thiophosphoryl chlor- 4.melhyl-3-axo-A~s(emid*. series of six post-graduate lectures on British Drug House% ide% Shell lnternationale Research Maatschap Ltd. 888 165 pij N.V. 887 689 'Some recent advances in heterocyclic Oxidation of crgnnic compoundr to carboxylir. Telomers of tolrafluoroethylene. Du Pant de chemistry' to be given by Dr. D. R. acids by means of nitric acid. Farhwerke Hoerhst AG. 887 731 Nemaurs & Co.. E. I. 887 750 Palmer on Tuesday evenings, 7-9 p.m., Monoazo dyes luff^ cuntalnlny pyrazole ring*. Dyestuffs of the perylene tetrrcnrboxylie acid commencing 13 February 1962. Farbenfabriken Rnyer AG. 888 167 diimide series and process for their manufac- Further details of these courses are ture. Ciba Ltd. 887 971 Preparation of hot-prewed bonm nitride British available from: The Principal. Kingston Ceramic Research As.iociation. 887 658 Anthraquinone vat dyestuffs. Ciba Ltd. 887 753 Monoazo dycs1uff.i. Cassella Farhwerke Mainkur Process for producing glutamic arid from beet Technical College, Fasset Road. AG. 887 870 sugar. Ajinomoto Co. Inc. 887 879 Kingston upon Thames, Surrey.

" CARBOY HAMPERS "VULCAN ::::z; E::L:;.,, HARRIS (LOSTOCK GRALAM) LTD. Lostock Gralam, Northwich, Cheshire 1008 CHEMICAL AGE 23 December 1961 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS

CLASSIFIED RATES: All sections 5d. per word. Minimum 81-. Three or more insertions 4d. per word. Box Number 21- extra.

SEMI-DISPLAY: 30,'- per inch. Three or more insertions 251- per inch.

- EDUCATIONAL PLANT AND MACHINERY FOR SALE

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. Guaranteed Home Study Courses Baker-Perkins Class BB "Double Naben" Bladed Steam Jacketed for A.M.1.Chem.E. exam. The lh~ghestpercentage of successfi~l Mixers. Four-size 12 and Threc-size I I. of 20 and 8 gallons candidates-up to one third in concecutive years-have been respectively. trained by T.I.G.B. Everyone seeking promotion in the Chemical Oil Jacketed Double Trough Mixer 48 in. by 36 in. by 29 in. deep. and Allied Industries should send for the T.I.G.B. "Guide to Success". 100 pages of expert advice and details of wide range Paddle Blades. Bottoni Outlets. of guaranteed (Exam and Diploma) Courses, including Barron 'U' Sifter Mixer 96 in. by 33 in. hy 33 in. with 10 H.P. A.M.l.Mech.E., A.M.1.Prod.E.. B.Sc.(Eng.). Courses in indi- A.C. Motor. vidual subjects also available. Send for your copy today- Gardner 'U' Sifter-Mixers 66 in. by 24 in. by 24 in. with, 5 H.P. FREE. T.I.G.B. (Dept. 841, 29 Wright's Lane, London, W.8. A.C. Motors. Four available, of modern streamlined dcslgn. Horizontal 'U' Trough Mixers 48 in. by 18 in. by 22 in. Three- Tilting type, Paddle Blades. Glnnded. Over-Arm Twin-Blade, Tilting, 30 gallon Mixers with 3 H.P. BRADFORD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Geared Motors. Five available. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Lying at our No. 2 Depot, Willow Tree Works, Swallowfield, Short Course on Berkshire. "Chemical Applications of Electron Spin Resonance" Apply: Winkworth Machinery Limited, 65 High Street, Staines, Middlesex. Telephone 55951. An introductory course surveying the applications of electron spin resonance in the chemistry of free radicals, polymers, and transition metal ions will be held on Thursday and Friday, 15th and 16th February, 1962. The speakers include Professor D. J. E. Ingram, Dr.'s P. B. Ayscough, A. Carrington, €3. A. Coles and A. Horsfield, and Mr. M. G. Ormerod. Fee £2 5s. Phone 55298 Staines. (Five) Stainless Steel Duplex 'Z'Blade Mixers 43" x40"x 28" deep. Further details and application forms may be obtained from the Registrar, Bradford Institute of Technology, Bradford. 7. (Three) B. Perkins Double Naben Jac. Mixers 3Wx28"x 28". (Three) B. Perkins lac. Mixers with Reverse Duplex Blades. 70"x 53" x 42" deep. (Two) B. Perkins Heavy Duplex Serrated 'Z' Blade Mixers 54" x FOR SALE 44" x 36" deep. St;tinle~sSteel Duplex '2' Blade Vacuum Mixer 3'x 3'x 3'. CHARCOAL. ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE. Horticultural (Thirty) Gardner & other 'U' Trough Mixers up to 9' 6"x 3'x 3'. burning, filtering, disinfecting, medicinal. Also lumps, ground (Nine) Condensers 8' 2"x 16" diam. 231-f" Brass Tubes 100 w.p. and granulated. THOMAS HILWONES, INVICTA WORKS, 34' continuous Drying Oven/Steel Mesh Conveyor 36" wide. heat- BOW COMMON LANE, LONDON, E.3 (TELEPHONE: ing unit and (2) Fans. EAST 3285). (60) Glass Lined Cyl. Enc. Tanks LIPto 9,000 galls. Send for Lists. HARRY H. GARDHAM & CO. LTD., PATENTS & TRADE MARKS 100 CHURCH STREET. STAINES.

KINGS PATENT AGENCY, LTD. (B. T. King, A.1.Mech.E Patent Agent), 146a Queen Vlctorla Street, London, E.c.~: City 6161. Booklet on request. WORK WANTED X OFFERED

The proprietor of British Patent No. 802868, entitled "Flexible CRUSHING, GRINDING, MIXING and DRYING for the trade resilient cellular resin products", offers same for license or THE CRACK PULVERlSlNG MILLS LTD. otherwise to ensure practical working in Great Britain. Inquiries Plantation House, to Singer, Stern & Carlberg, 140 So. Dearborn Street, Chicago 3, Mincing Lane, Illinois, U.S.A. a London. E.C.2.

BOX NUMBERS : Reply c/o " Chemical Age " Bouverie House Fleet Street EC4. 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE 1962 Chemical Age 1 I I I I I I DIRECTORY and WHO'S WHO Privilege price to Price 451- Chemical Age subscribers 251- (Packing and postage 316 extra)

I I Orders are now being accepted for the new edition of this indispensable source of reference I I to the chemical industry which will be ready for dispatch early in December 1961. In addition I I to a greatly enlarged Buyers' Guide, now divided into three sections for easy reference- I I Chemicals, Chemical Plant & Equipment and Laboratory Apparatus & Scientific Instruments- I I the Directory will contain the following exclusive features:- I

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CHEMICAL AGE 1 54- 1 60 FLEET STREET LONDON, E.C.4 23 December 1961 CHEMICAL AGE iii

is yours a DECOLOURISING problem

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THE HIGHLY ACTIVATED 1 DECOLOURISING CARBON

its THE CLEAR SOLUTION

THE CLYDESDALE CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 142 QUEEN STREET, 'GLASGOW, C.I. . Phone Central 5247-8 Groms "Cactus" Glasgow. iv CHEMICAL ACE 23 December 1961

Jef co

TYPE A TYPE KB FACE SCREEN FULL BORE STRAIGHT BORE Reg. Design 751914 I'dtent applred fot

So many Saunders Valve variants Perfect protection when grinding or for so many Industrial duties machining. Comfortable to wear, stands I/ Handwheel Operated valves with rubber, clear of the face, adjustable to any angle, glass, lead, nylon or titanium lined non-splinter front easily renewable. bodies for hundreds of difficult fluids. Chainwheel Operation for many inac- Protection fop spraying fruit trees. &c. cessible locations such as overhead pipelines. Small models for laboratory. Also Jefco Face Screen for Auto Cyclists. test bed and kindred duties-but still having the same sure closure and isolation of mechanism so valuable in J. & E. FERRIS LTD .--- the larger types. St.. London. w ' '" 33 Museum W.C. I For quick action, Lever Operated valves are Telephone: MUSeum 2876 supplied to many establishments and, where remote or automatic control is essential, one or another of the Power Operated models is recommended. Amongst these are the Dia- phragm Operated Pressure Closing. Pres- sure Opening with automatic spring actisn to close, and Piston Operated valves. Direct Electrical Actuation can also be provided for the full range of sizes of both A and KB type

Saunders

Valves are PRE-EMINENT

I, alloy or plastic bodies ,; Z and the range of diaphragms is now FOR 3 so wide that virtually every delicate, :5 difficult or dangerous flu~dcan be safely and surely handled. SODIUM CHLORATE .:: I I 1 I .:.,..:-::\ The Saunders Techntcal Handbook explalns the full range of types ..:.;.?:.?$ and lists the dtaphragm grades avatlable w~threcommendat~ons as to .a:\:..':? . the most sultable body and d~aphragmspec~ficat~ons for hundreds of flulds. May we send a copy for your bookshelf?

DIAPHRAGM

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Prmled in Great Brilain by TH~PRESS AT C-OUMBI 1ANI)s Lrn. Addleslone Surrey an publnshed by H~NNHUOTH~RS LTII.. at BOUY~TICHou\e, 154 Fleet Street, E.C.4. Registered at the Generill Post diiice. ~nteie'da\ ?&on Class Matter a1 the New York U.S.A.. Post Ollicr. 1