Genders and Sexualities in History Series Editors John Arnold King’s College University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK Sean Brady Birkbeck College University of London London, UK Joanna Bourke Birkbeck College University of London London, UK Palgrave Macmillan’s series, Genders and Sexualities in History, accom- modates and fosters new approaches to historical research in the felds of genders and sexualities. The series promotes world-class scholarship, which concentrates upon the interconnected themes of genders, sexuali- ties, religions/religiosity, civil society, politics and war. Historical studies of gender and sexuality have, until recently, been more or less disconnected felds. In recent years, historical analyses of genders and sexualities have synthesised, creating new departures in his- toriography. The additional connectedness of genders and sexualities with questions of religion, religiosity, development of civil societies, poli- tics and the contexts of war and confict is refective of the movements in scholarship away from narrow history of science and scientifc thought, and history of legal processes approaches, that have dominated these paradigms until recently. The series brings together scholarship from Contemporary, Modern, Early Modern, Medieval, Classical and Non- Western History. The series provides a diachronic forum for scholarship that incorporates new approaches to genders and sexualities in history. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/15000 Janin Afken · Benedikt Wolf Editors Sexual Culture in Germany in the 1970s A Golden Age for Queers? Editors Janin Afken Benedikt Wolf Humboldt University of Berlin Bielefeld University Berlin, Germany Bielefeld, Germany Genders and Sexualities in History ISBN 978-3-030-27426-9 ISBN 978-3-030-27427-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27427-6 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifcally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microflms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. 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Cover credit: Keystone Press/Alamy Stock Photo This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This book is part of the activities of the international joint research pro- ject ‘Cruising the 1970s: unearthing pre-HIV/AIDS queer sexual cul- tures’, funded by Humanities in the European Research Area, as part of the HERA Programme ‘Uses of the Past’. We would like to express our gratitude to the contributors of this vol- ume, to Andreas Krass, the principal investigator of the research project at Humboldt University Berlin, and to our colleagues Luisa-Catarine Böck, Norah Bröcker, Hannes Hacke, Frieda Hegemann and Liesa Hellmann, who supported us in many ways. We also want to express our gratitude to the institutions and people we were collaborating with in the course of the work on this research, to Daniel Baranowski (Federal Foundation Magnus Hirschfeld), Benno Gammerl, Elahe Haschemi Yekani, Patsy l’Amour laLove, Dirck Linck, Schwules Museum Berlin and Spinnboden Lesbenarchiv. We are also very grateful to Oliver Dyer, Maeve Sinnott and Emily Russell from Palgrave Macmillan for their generous guidance through the publishing process. v CONTENTS Chronology 1968–1982 1 Janin Afken and Benedikt Wolf Introduction: Constructing and Revisiting the Golden Age of Queer Sexual Culture in Germany 7 Benedikt Wolf and Janin Afken The Legendary Time and Space of the Queer 1970s in Germany ‘We Were so Turned On’: Refections on Queer(ing) Past and Memory 33 Susanne Hochreiter Queer Fictions of Berlin: Gender Trouble in Cabaret (1971) and Hedwig and the Angry Inch (2001) 57 Andreas Krass vii viii CONTENTS The Canonized Queer 1970s Perversion of Society: Rosa von Praunheim and Martin Dannecker’s Film It Is Not the Homosexual Who Is Perverse, but the Society in Which He Lives (1971) as the Initiation of the Golden Age of the Radical Left Gay Movement in West Germany 89 Patrick Henze From Sisters’ Skin to Womb Ego: Temporality, Solidarity and Corporeality in Verena Stefan’s Shedding (1975) 119 Janin Afken Hubert Fichte’s Language of Desire: From ‘the Impure’ to ‘Oymeln’ in the Hamburg Novels 139 Benedikt Wolf The Queer 1970s Against the Grain From West Berlin Without Love: The Magazine Die Schwarze Botin and the Promise of Revolution 161 Vojin Saša Vukadinović Racial Seeing and Sexual Desire: 1 Berlin Harlem and Auf den Zweiten Blick 193 Simon Dickel and Anne Potjans Wolfgang Jöhling: A GDR Citizen in the ‘Promised Land’ of Poland 215 Krzysztof Zablocki Retrospections How to Remember Invisibility: Documentary Projects on Lesbians in the German Democratic Republic as Archives of Feelings 241 Maria Bühner CONTENTS ix The 1970s in Retrospect and the HIV/AIDS Incision: Re-reading Napoleon Seyfarth’s Schweine müssen nackt sein (1991) 267 Sebastian Zilles Index 287 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS Janin Afken is a Ph.D. student in the research projects ‘Cruising the 1970s: Unearthing Pre-HIV/AIDS Queer Sexual Culture’ and ‘Jewish Presence in Weimar Gay and Lesbian Culture and the German-Jewish Contribution to the Emergence of Gay Culture in Palestine/Israel, 1933–1960’ and a research assistant for German literature at Humboldt University of Berlin. In her Ph.D. project, she explores aesthetic struc- tures of time in narrative literature of and about lesbian women in the 1970s and 1980s. She worked as a professional bookseller before she started to study German literature and Gender studies at the Humboldt University of Berlin. She fnished her studies with a Master thesis about Stefan Zweig’s Confusion of Feelings. Her research focuses on female and queer authorship from the eighteenth century to the present, gender and queer studies and (queer) temporality studies. Maria Bühner is a Ph.D. candidate and lecturer at the Institute for Cultural Studies at Leipzig University. She is currently completing her dissertation on Subjectifcation of female* Homosexuality in the GDR, which was funded by the German Academic Scholarship Foundation. Maria studied Cultural Studies in Leipzig and London. Her publica- tions include ‘The Rise of a New Consciousness: Lesbian Activism in East-Germany in the 1980s’ in The Politics of Authenticity: Counter- Culture and Radical Movements Across the Iron Curtain (1968–1989), edited by Häberlein, Keck-Szajbel & Mahoney (2018), and an edited xi xii NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS volume on European Gender History with Maren Möhring, (Europäische Geschlechtergeschichten, Franz Steiner Verlag, 2018). Simon Dickel is Professor for Gender and Diversity Studies at Folkwang University of the Arts in Essen/Germany. From 2009 to 2016, he was Junior Professor in Ethnic and Postcolonial Studies at Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. He is the author of Black/Gay: The Harlem Renaissance, the Protest Era, and Constructions of Black Gay Identity in the 1980s and 90s (2011), co-editor of After the Storm: The Cultural Politics of Hurricane Katrina (2015) and co-editor of Queer Cinema (2018). In his current research project, he addresses the recep- tion of phenomenology within disability studies, critical race theory and queer theory. Patrick Henze completed his Ph.D. in Gender Studies about the West- German Gay Movement in the 1970s (Schwule Emanzipation und ihre Konfikte, 2019), works as organizer, author and Tunte (political drag queen) in Berlin; publishes books on homosexuality, sexual politics and psychoanalysis Selbsthass & Emanzipation (2016), Beißrefexe (2017), Psychoanalyse und männliche Homosexualität (2019); curates exhibitions like Porn That Way in 2014 or Faszination Sex in 2018 about sexologist Martin Dannecker; works at the International Psychoanalytic University Berlin; and organizes drag shows and cultural events. As a Tunte her name is Patsy l’Amour laLove. Susanne Hochreiter is Assistant Professor of German Studies in the German Department, University of Vienna. Hochreiter studied German philology, history of art, philosophy, psychology, and education at the University of Vienna and the Free University Berlin. In 2003, she received her Ph.D. from the University of Vienna. In her Ph.D. thesis, she analysed the relation of space and gender in works by Franz Kafka. She was Visiting Professor at the University of Bern (2001), at