'Namwah'banana AKA 'Pisang Awak'
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Through the Zone of Nonbeing: a Reading of Black Skin, White Masks in Celebration of Fanon’S Eightieth Birthday*
Through the Zone of Nonbeing: A Reading of Black Skin, White Masks in Celebration of Fanon’s Eightieth Birthday* LEWIS R. GORDON Introduction anon was an ironic writer who was struggling with the complex question of paradoxical reason Fand paradoxical history. The modern collapse of “Reason” and “History” into all things European represented a failure of Reason and History that required self-deception regarding Europe’s scope. Put differently: Europe sought to become ontological; it sought to become what dialecticians call “Absolute Being.” Such Being stood in the way of human being or a human way of being. It thus presented itself as a theodicy. Theodicy is the branch of inquiry that attempts to account for the compatibility of God’s omnipotence, omniscience, and goodness in the face of injustice and evil. There are several formulations of the problem: If God has the power to do something about injustice and evil, why doesn’t He? If God has created everything, and God is perfect, how could God create imperfect (often evil) beings? If God has foreknowledge, how could we continue to insist on God’s goodness when He had advanced knowledge of the consequences of his creation? There have been many classical efforts to address this problem. The most influential has been St. Augustine’s insistence, in The City of God, that God’s love for humanity required human freedom, and freedom requires the ability to do right or wrong. The problem does not only emerge in the Western tradition. Among the Akan of Ghana, for instance, the problem emerges as well, and solutions similar to St. -
Introducing a Genetically Modified Banana in Uganda: Social Benefits
IFPRI Discussion Paper 00767 May 2008 Introducing a Genetically Modified Banana in Uganda Social Benefits, Costs, and Consumer Perceptions Enoch Kikulwe, Wageningen University Justus Wesseler, Wageningen University and José Falck-Zepeda, International Food Policy Research Institute Environment and Production Technology Division INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) was established in 1975. IFPRI is one of 15 agricultural research centers that receive principal funding from governments, private foundations, and international and regional organizations, most of which are members of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). FINANCIAL CONTRIBUTORS AND PARTNERS IFPRI’s research, capacity strengthening, and communications work is made possible by its financial contributors and partners. IFPRI gratefully acknowledges the generous unrestricted funding from Australia, Canada, China, Finland, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Philippines, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States, and World Bank. Published by INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE 2033 K Street, NW Washington, DC 20006-1002 USA Tel.: +1-202-862-5600 Fax: +1-202-467-4439 Email: [email protected] www.ifpri.org Notices 1 Effective January 2007, the Discussion Paper series within each division and the Director General’s Office of IFPRI were merged into one IFPRI–wide Discussion Paper series. The new series begins with number 00689, reflecting the prior publication of 688 discussion papers within the dispersed series. The earlier series are available on IFPRI’s website at www.ifpri.org/pubs/otherpubs.htm#dp. 2 IFPRI Discussion Papers contain preliminary material and research results. They have not been subject to formal external reviews managed by IFPRI’s Publications Review Committee but have been reviewed by at least one internal and/or external reviewer. -
Advancing Banana and Plantain R & D in Asia and the Pacific
Advancing banana and plantain R & D in Asia and the Pacific Proceedings of the 9th INIBAP-ASPNET Regional Advisory Committee meeting held at South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China - 2-5 November 1999 A. B. Molina and V. N. Roa, editors The mission of the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain is to sustainably increase the productivity of banana and plantain grown on smallholdings for domestic consumption and for local and export markets. The Programme has four specific objectives: · To organize and coordinate a global research effort on banana and plantain, aimed at the development, evaluation and dissemination of improved banana cultivars and at the conservation and use of Musa diversity. · To promote and strengthen collaboration and partnerships in banana-related activities at the national, regional and global levels. · To strengthen the ability of NARS to conduct research and development activities on bananas and plantains. · To coordinate, facilitate and support the production, collection and exchange of information and documentation related to banana and plantain. Since May 1994, INIBAP is a programme of the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) is an autonomous international scientific organization, supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). IPGRIs mandate is to advocate the conservation and use of plant genetic resources for the benefit of present and future generations. IPGRIs headquarters is based in Rome, Italy, with offices in another 14 countries worldwide. It operates through three programmes: (1) the Plant Genetic Resources Programme, (2) the CGIAR Genetic Resources Support Programme, and (3) the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). -
Improvement of Cavendish Banana Cultivars Through Conventional Breeding
Improvement of Cavendish Banana Cultivars through Conventional Breeding J.F. Aguilar Morán Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA) La Lima Honduras Keywords: Cavendish re-synthesis, female fertility, triploid × triploid crosses Abstract In their article “Banana breeding: polyploidy, disease resistance and productivity”, Stover and Buddenhagen (1986) reported the results of the evaluation of female fertility in Cavendish banana cultivars. They showed that the pollination of a few hundred bunches of ‘Valery’ (AAA) and other Cavendish clones with pollen from diploids did not yield seed. The authors concluded that “the apparent seed sterility of Cavendish cultivars (without any research to determine or overcome the blocks) precluded their use as female parents in conventional breeding programs”. The scientific community accepted these observations as fact and did not carry out additional tests, because the commercial cultivars of banana for export are all triploid and parthenocarpic. The triploid condition of the Cavendish banana causes them to produce many sterile eggs, and the process of parthenocarpy allows the development of fruit without ovule fertilization. On the assumption that Cavendish cultivars have low fertility, the Banana and Plantain Breeding Program at the Honduran Foundation for Agricultural Research (FHIA), starting in 2002, pollinated 20,000 bunches, approximately 2 million fingers, of the Cavendish cultivars ‘Grand Naine’ and ‘Williams’ with pollen from 10 Cavendish cultivars for the development of Cavendish tetraploids. As a result, 200 seeds with 40 viable embryos were obtained, from which 20 tetraploid hybrids were developed. These results confirmed the assumption that Cavendish cultivars have low fertility, which allows their use in conventional breeding methods to create new progenies. -
History of the Banana
History of the Banana Bananas: The Same The World Over Banana is the common name for the fruit and herbaceous plant that is part of the genus Musa. Bananas are one of the world’s oldest and most popular fruits. They are very nutritious, generally inexpensive, and readily available. The banana plant is a large flowering plant that grows 6–7 meters tall. Each plant produces a bunch of bananas from a flowering stem. Whether eating a ripe banana in the United States or in Europe, these store-bought bananas tend to taste the same. Part of the banana’s popularity is due to its predictably delicious flavor. However, the uniformity that makes the banana so popular could also lead to its demise. A bunch of bananas hangs from the main stem of the Banana History plant. As humans’ hunter-gatherer ancestors roamed the jungle collecting food, they ignored the bananas they found. Wild bananas, which flower and reproduce sexually, produce hard seed cases with inedible seeds inside. Occasionally, prehistoric humans found fruit on wild banana plants that did not contain seeds. These seedless bananas, when peeled, contained sweet, edible flesh. This is the edible banana that people know and enjoy today. Today’s edible banana is a genetic mutation. The mutation produces tasty fruit but prevents proper seed development. The dark lines sometimes seen after biting into a banana are the stunted seeds. Banana Sexual Reproduction In nature, bananas reproduce through sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants is similar to sexual reproduction in animals. Sperm cells are produced inside pollen grains. -
Ripe Plantain Slices 4 X 6 LB
NATURALLY SWEET PLANTAIN SLICES PLANTAINPLANTAIN MIC SKU DESCRIPTION PACK SIZE BAKE OPTION SB010 Ripe Plantain Slices 4 x 6 LB 2 slices of plantain = 1/4 cup Ripe plantains are classified as a Starchy Vegetable in the USDA of the starchy Child Nutrition Program. vegetable requirement! What is a Plantain? Commonly referred to as “cooking banana” or “plátano” in Spanish, a plantain can easily be mistaken for a banana. Plantains are a fruit Ready to heat & serve in minutes! consumed as a vegetable and are a good source of Potassium and Vitamin A. A+ For Taste • Pre-Cooked And Frozen, Ready-To-Use A favorite side dish in mainstream and ethnic • Consistent Quality And Taste menus, the plantain has a natural sweet flavor that kids enjoy. • No Messy Peeling Or Chopping • Year-Round Availability Trusted Supplier • Long Shelf-Life MIC Food has been serving school districts • through- out the nation since 1991. Our plants are No Waste, Use Only What You Need food safety certified and third-party audited.* • 100% Yield = Controlled Costs *GFSI compliant with FSSC 22000 food safety certification. 800.788.9335 | 786.507.0540 Bringing Cultures Together™ [email protected] | micfood.com NATURALLY SWEET PLANTAIN SLICES PLANTAINPLANTAIN Add Variety to Your Menu A delicious, sweet alternative to any other starchy vegetable SB010 - Ripe Plantain Slices Plantains are a delicious side dish alternative to any pork, steak or chicken entree. They are also used in breakfast, desserts and snacks. Nutrition Facts 36 Servings per container Serving size 2 slices(76g) -
Farmers' Knowledge of Wild Musa in India Farmers'
FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF WILD MUSA IN INDIA Uma Subbaraya National Research Centre for Banana Indian Council of Agricultural Reasearch Thiruchippally, Tamil Nadu, India Coordinated by NeBambi Lutaladio and Wilfried O. Baudoin Horticultural Crops Group Crop and Grassland Service FAO Plant Production and Protection Division FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2006 Reprint 2008 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: Chief Publishing Management Service Information Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to: [email protected] © FAO 2006 FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF WILD MUSA IN INDIA iii CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi FOREWORD vii INTRODUCTION 1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY AND METHODS -
Caracterización Reológica De Almidón Y Evaluación Morfológica De 20
Agroindustria y Ciencia de los Alimentos / Agroindustry and Food Science Acta Agron. (2016) 65 (3) p 218-225 ISSN 0120-2812 | e-ISSN 2323-0118 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v65n3.48029 Caracterización reológica de almidón y evaluación morfológica de 20 variedades de musáceas (Musa sp.), del banco de germoplasma Fedeplátano, Chinchiná - Caldas, Colombia Starch rheological characterization and morphological evaluation of 20 varieties of Musaceae (Musa sp.), from Fedeplatano Germplasm Bank, Chinchiná - Caldas, Colombia Juan Carlos Lucas Aguirre* y Víctor Dumar Quintero Castaño Facultad de Ciencias Agroindustriales, Programa Ingeniería de Alimentos. Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Quindío. *Autor para correspondencia: [email protected] Rec.:28.12.2014 Acep.: 26.05.2015 Resumen Se caracterizaron veinte variedades de musáceas de diferente composición genética del banco de germoplasma de Fedeplátano (AA, AAA, AAB, ABB, AAAA y AAAB). La caracterización incluyó propiedades físicas como peso, diámetro, longitud, materia seca y porcentaje de cáscara del fruto y propiedades funcionales de almidones (cur- vas de empastamiento). Las variedades Cachaco Pelipita, Fougamou, Kelong Mekintu y SH-3436-9 presentaron porcentajes de materia seca superiores al 35% lo cual indica que estas variedades serian de gran importancia para el sector de las frituras ya que al contener menos agua el proceso se agilizara incrementando el rendimiento y disminuyendo la absorción de aceite. Las variedades que presentaron mejores comportamientos frente a las propiedades de viscosidad máxima, breakdown, facilidad de cocción y consistencia fueron FHIA-23, Guineo Enano, Banano Gran Enano, Pompo Comino, lo cual indica que estas variedades tenían gran capacidad para resistir los procesos de retrogradación y la sinéresis. -
Chemical and Nutrient Composition of Selected Banana Varieties of Kerala Siji S*, Nandini P.V
International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science (IJAEMS) [Vol-3, Issue-4, Apr- 2017] https://dx.doi.org/10.24001/ijaems.3.4.21 ISSN: 2454-1311 Chemical and Nutrient Composition of Selected Banana Varieties of Kerala Siji S*, Nandini P.V College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, India Abstract— Banana is the common name for herbaceous The banana is of great nutritional value. It is a good source plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. of calories, vitamins and minerals. People of South India, Many studies shows that banana is richest source of various traditionally use banana as a wholesome food. nutrients which having the health beneficial for humans. Banana is nutritious and easily digestible than any other The chemical and nutrient compositions of eight banana fruits. Bananas are popular for their aroma and texture varieties were studied. TSS was found to be more in Kadali besides rich in potassium and calcium and low in sodium (23.900 Brix) followed by Rasakadali (23.830 Brix) and content (Sharrock and Lustry, 2000). Hence, the present Nendran (220 Brix). Maximum Acidity was noticed in study is an evaluation of chemical and nutrient composition Poovan (1.28%). The variety Nendran exhibited highest present in selected banana varieties mostly consumed in carbohydrate content (41.33g/100g) where as protein Kerala. content was found to be higher in variety Poovan (1.37g/100g). Total mineral content of banana varieties II. MATERIALS AND METHODS ranged between 0.17g- 0.70g/100g and varieties such as Eight ripe banana varieties used for table purpose were Rasakadali (260 mg/100g) and Nendran ( 546.66 mg/100g) selected for the study. -
BANANAS in Compost Is Moisture and to Keep Excellent for the Bananas Heavily CENTRAL Improving the Mulched
Manure or plants good soil and BANANAS IN compost is moisture and to keep excellent for the bananas heavily CENTRAL improving the mulched. soil. They also Bananas are hardy FLORIDA prefer a moist plants in Central soil. Bananas are Florida but tempera- ananas are a commonly grown not very drought tures below 34˚F will plant in Central Florida. They are tolerant and need damage the foliage. usually grown for the edible fruit supplemental Following a freeze, B watering during bananas can look and tropical look, but some are grown for their colorful inflorescences or dry periods. They pathetic with the ornamental foliage. Bananas are members are also heavy brown, lifeless foliage of the Musaceae Family. This family feeders and hanging from the includes plants found in the genera should be fed stem, but don’t let this Ensete, Musa, and Musella. Members of several times a fool or discourage you. year for optimum Once the weather this family are native mainly to south- Musa mannii eastern Asia, but some are also found growth. A good warms, new growth wild in tropical Africa and northeastern balanced fertilizer, such as 6-6-6 or quickly begins and green leaves arise. Australia. They are cultivated throughout 10-10-10 with micronutrients is best. After a couple of months, the plants are the tropics and subtropics and are an Also an application of extra potassium lush and healthy. The stems will not be important staple in many diets. Bananas (potash) is beneficial to the plants. Most damaged unless temperatures drop are not true trees but rather are large, bananas are susceptible to nematodes, so below 24˚F. -
Somaclonal Variation of Bananas and Screening for Resistance to Fusarium Wilt S.C
The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June, 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. Its mandate is to help identify agricultural problems in developing countries and to commission collaborative research between Australia and developing country researchers in fields where Australia has a special research competence. The International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (lNIBAP) (Avenue du val Montferrand, B.P. 5035, 34032 Montpellier Cedex, France) was established in 1985 to foster additional research on these important food crops. Its headquarters are in Montpellier, France. Regional networks are being established in Western and Eastern Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Asia/Pacific region. ACIAR PROCEEDINGS This series of publications includes the full proceedings of research workshops or symposia organised or supported by ACIAR. Numbers in this series are distributed internationally to selected individuals and scientific institutions. Previous numbers in the series are listed on the inside back cover. Cl:> Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research G.P.O. Box 1571, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601 Persley, G.l., and De Langhe, E.A. 1987. Banana and plantain breeding strategies: proceedings of an international workshop held at Cairns, Australia, 13-17 October, 1986. ACIAR Proceedings No. 21, 187p. ISBN 0 949511 36 6 Typeset and laid out by Press Etching (Qld.) Pty. Ltd., Brisbane 4001. Printed by Brown Prior Anderson Pty. Ltd .. Burwood, Victoria -
Localized School-Based Feeding Concept
Localized School-Based Feeding Concept REPORT Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Foreword Making schools healthy environments requires a holistic The objective of the feeding concept is to simplify approach that should combine various interventions to processes and to localize the materials used to minimize ensure that children are fit for school. However, these the burden of school feeding on school communities. interventions must be simple, scalable, sustainable, and integrated into existing systems to ensure that they can Adopting the guidelines of DepEd’s School-based be feasibly implemented by school communities with Feeding Program, the LSBFP was piloted in 5 selected limited resources. Increasing its usefulness could only be schools in the ARMM. The LSBFP had the aim of possible if they could easily blend with accepted strengthening the role of the school community and the practices and ensuing conditions. use of simple logistics for cooking. Recipes are designed to be easy-to-prepare using locally available ingredients School Based Feeding Programs have tremendous to keep the cost of lunch and snacks low. Schools are potentials to contribute to creating healthy school encouraged to be resourceful and are encouraged to use environments and improving education outcomes. Much vegetables that are grown in their own school gardens. of their success is anchored on strong School Based In the pilot schools, it was noted that nutritional status Management (SBM) approaches. At the school level, the of beneficiary children have improved and school School Head and wider school community must take the attendance was noted to be higher compared to non- lead to ensure that programs are implemented well.