CACTUS QUARTERLY NSW, North West Region Winter 2019 in This Issue the Award Goes To
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CACTUS QUARTERLY NSW, North West Region Winter 2019 In This Issue The award goes to... Landcare Community Group Award! The award goes to… Congratulations to the Hudson Pear Spray Group B on winning the Landcare Community Group Award! runner up Landcare Community Group Partnerships with Landcare Award! Award! Landcare Adventure, Narrabri The 2019 New England & North West Re- Cactus Alert! gional Landcare Awards were announced Check and inspect - Harrisia cactus in Narrabri at the Landcare Adventure din- Vehicle hygiene - C. imbricate Photo: Jack Murray receiving ner on 12 June. The award was awarded Hudson pear found south of Broken Hill from James Hutchinson-Smith. to outstanding, innovative community AutoWeed set to detect Harrisia group that is working towards sustainable land use and/or enhancing cactus or protecting an area on behalf of the community. Well done to the Trials for Harrisia hit Willaroo Hudson Pear Spray Group B on their fantastic achievement. Smooth Tree Pear Partnerships with Landcare Award! Opuntia monacatha Congratulations to North West Local Velvety Tree Pear Land Service and Northern Slopes Opuntia tomentosa Landcare on winning the Partnerships Winter is here! with Landcare award for innovation Don’t panic - biocontrol and excellence in creating partnerships Photo; Peter Dawson & James with their Landcare community - Cacti Community Groups Hutchinson-Smith. Inset: Jo Control Coordinator program. Expression of interest Skewes, Peter Dawson & Rajendra Shilpakar Whats the difference… Smooth tree pear & Velvety tree pear Landcare Adventure, Narrabri Thank you to everyone who participated and came along to Narrabri to Harrisia cactus & Tiger pear learn about Farming in the 21st Century. Over 90 people came togeth- NSW Weed Biocontrol Taskforce er to learn and engage with some of the most inspiring farmers and What is the biocontrol taskforce? scientist across New South Wales. Community Groups NSW Farmers Association Know your local Weeds Officer NW Local Land Services - Feedback NW LLS would like your feedback! You can jump online at rateitnow.com/northwestllsregion or simply use your QR Reader App to start rating the NW LLS and their services today. 1 How invasive is YOUR cactus? Page 1 Cactus Alert! bush country. Narrabri It is suspected that cladodes of Check and inspect - Harrisia cactus! the origin plant have been The Narrabri Shire Council weed officers have been out washed down the creek during doing a site inspection at the Yarrie Lake Road site previous floods, established in where they first found Harrisia cactus. Several plants not several areas, and are now start- far from the initial discovery of Harrisia cactus have been ing to transfer away from the found and have undertaken a follow up spray in the area. creek line due to stock, vehicles, It’s a timely reminder how important it is to regularly and other animals. check and inspect any weed sites you or your contractor Western LLS are working closely Figure: C. pallida, Andy have been working on, as they could pop up anywhere at with the community to put man- McKinnon Western LLS. any time! agement plans in progress to control and prevent any further spread. AutoWeed set to detect Harrisia cactus! Trials for Harrisia hit Willaroo With helpful funding from North West LLS, the world’s first robot- ic spot spraying sys- Figure: Harrisia cactus found on re-inspection by Chris Watkins & C. tem was deployed to Felton-Taylor. target Harrisia cactus Vehicle hygiene - Cylindropuntia imbricata automatically and was Another timely reminder to check your vehicles when demonstrated at travelling through the region as Rope pear has been Willaroo on Friday 7 found on an old Gazetted road off the Gwabegar Road June. The beautiful weather saw 17 people from around heading into the National Park. the area come out to see the AutoWeed in action. It was great to see the landholders engaging with researchers and other interested parties who were egger to see when the "green-on-green" technology would be available. The success gives prom- ise that the AutoWeed detection system of being capable of tar- geting other weeds. From here, AutoWeed Figure: Harrisia cactus found on re-inspection by Chris Pty Ltd aims to deliver Watkins & C. Felton-Taylor. a robust green-on- green detection and Western Region spray system that is Hudson pear found south of Broken Hill applicable to any crop or grazing weed species; and that Western LLS have discovered an incursion of Hudson can be retro-fitted to available agricultural machinery at a pear which has been identified on three stations between reasonable price point for landholders. Menindee and Broken Hill. To check it out in action go to: https://www.youtube.com/ The incursion appears to be related to a dry creek which watch?v=wmMQmO0n-ts and https:// when in flood it meanders across grass plains and blue- www.youtube.com/watch?v=9y0FVEu79no. 2 How invasive is YOUR cactus? Page 2 Smooth Tree Pear General Biosecurity Duty Opuntia monacatha All plants are regulated with a general biosecurity duty to prevent, eliminate or minimise any biosecurity risk they Where did it come from and where is it now? may pose. Any person who deals with any plant, who knows (or ought to know) of any biosecurity risk, has a duty to ensure the risk is prevented, eliminated or mini- mised, so far as is reasonably practicable. All of NSW Prohibition on dealings Must not be imported into the State or sold North West Biosecurity Act require- ments & Strategic Re- sponse in the region Mandatory Measure Figure: O. monacatha distribution, Atlas of Living Aus- (Division 8, Clause 33, Bi- tralia 2019. osecurity Regulation 2017): A person must not import It’s native to Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uru- into the State or sell. guay and can now be found in Australia and South Africa. Credit: North West Regional Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist low- Strategic Weed Management Plan Executive Summary land forest and sandy shores. Credit: Atlas of Living Australia How do you control it? Biocontrol What does it look like? Place infected cladodes at the base of the tree to encour- Can grow to 2 meters high. age the cochineal to transfer onto the healthy plant. It al- Shrub, sometimes has a short so aids in protection of the cochineal until the conditions trunk and drooping appear- are right for the cochineal to move around. ance. The cladodes are glossy green in colour, flat- Cochineal tened and oval in shape and Dactylopius ceylonicus are 20-50cm long and 12-18 Scientific name wide. Spines are 5-7cm longs. Order: Hemiptera The plant has yellow flowers Family: Dactylopiidae with the outer tepal having a Genus: Dactylopius Figure: O. monacatha, Troy tinge of red to them. The fruit Species: ceylonicus biotype Brown. is red when ripe and approxi- mately 7cm long and spineless. Figure: O. monacatha, Troy Brown. How does it spread? Like most cacti species the cladodes can be dispersed through human and animal movement, vehicles. The fruit is consumed by both native wild life and pest animals which then help disperse the seeds. Credit: NSW WeedWise and Field Identification Guide 2nd Edition Figure: O. monacatha, Troy Brown. 3 How invasive is YOUR cactus? Page 3 Velvety Tree Pear General Biosecurity Duty Opuntia tomentosa All plants are regulated with a general biosecurity duty to prevent, eliminate or minimise any biosecurity risk they Where did it come from and where is it now? may pose. Any person who deals with any plant, who knows (or ought to know) of any biosecurity risk, has a duty to ensure the risk is prevented, eliminated or mini- mised, so far as is reasonably practicable. All of NSW Prohibition on dealings Must not be imported into the State or sold North West Biosecurity Act requirements & Strategic Response in the region Mandatory Measure (Division 8, Clause 33, Biosecurity Regulation 2017): A person must not import into the State or sell. Credit: North West Regional Strategic Weed Management Plan Executive Summary How do you control it? Figure: O. tomentosa distribution, Atlas of Living Austral- Biocontrol ia 2019. Velvety tree pear can be con- trolled biologically using cochi- Velvety tree pear is native of central Mexico and can now neal, Dactylopius tomentosus. be found in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Felling of large plants once coch- South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. ineal is established often results Credit: Atlas of Living Australia in more rapid control compared with unfelled plants. The cacto- What does it look like? blastis moth, Cactoblastis cacto- Smooth tree pear or drooping pear is an erect shrub to 2 rum, causes little damage to m tall, sometimes with a short trunk. The plant has an large plants but causes signifi- obvious drooping appearance. Its leaves are glossy cant damage to small plants and green, oblong to egg shaped with a thin profile, 10-30 cm seedlings. long. Its flowers are yellow to orange-yellow. The fruit is Cochineal pear shaped, to 7 cm long, red in colour and spineless. Dactylopius opuntiae ‘Punthari’ The spines of the smooth tree pear appear as 1-2 spines, Scientific name Photo: Jo Skewes. 2-4 cm long and brown to off-white in colour. Order: Hemiptera Family: Dactylopiidae How does it spread? Genus: Dactylopius Like most cacti species the cladodes can be dispersed Species: opuntiae ‘Punthari’ biotype through human and animal movement, vehicles. The fruit is consumed by both native wild life and pest ani- Winter is here! mals which then help disperse the seeds. If you're seeing less biocontrol impact on your cacti it’s Credit: NSW WeedWise and Field Identification Guide 2nd Edition because the cold is reducing their activity.