A B C THE KOREAN PENNINSULA U.S.S.R. THE 1 Principal Campaigns of the Korean War, Vladivostok Tumen 1950 - 1953 Yanji Onsong ELEVATION IN METERS

N Aoji A er N 0 25 50 75 100 H iv R HISTORY DEPARTMENTS

USMA Frank Martini SCALE OF MILES Musan I Rashin

A n B Tume 1 G 1 N 24 Nov. A 1 JUNE- SEPTEMBER, 1950 Y H a lu C r e v i R R ive S CHINA en r Tum N U.S.S.R I r Hyesan e A iv Jian R T

n ji N g r n ve a U Ri h NORTH C O Kilchu lu Ya Chosan M G N SEA OF JAPAN O Chonsong-up Y G Hagaru M A Iwon H 26 Oct. r

e

Unsan v i 38 N r R e iv Chunchon 25 June R g 20 Oct. on n d Hongwon Inchon o e h a c T Kun-ri g n o Hungnam h YELLOW C SEA 1 Aug. Anju 14 Oct. SOUTH 15 Sept. Sukchon Naktong R. KOREA Songchon KOREA Pusan Perimeter BAY Wonsan Pusan PYONGYANG r U.S. Forces from Japan e

v i 7 Oct. Unexpectedly, the North Korean Peoples Army R

Tongchon

n (NKPA) supported by Soviet made T-34 tanks i j m invaded in force. Finally, South I T Korean and U.S. forces halted the advance A along a front which became known as the Pyonggang E Pusan Perimeter. B Kansong Pukhan A River E K Yangyang 3 NOV. 1950 - JAN. 1951 Kaesong r e v i Chunchon R 2 2 CHINA en Tum KIMPO AIRFIELD M U.S.S.R SEOUL O Chinese Communist INCHON U Forces (CCF) H a ) n N 24 Nov. t. p T e R r S ve i Ri 5 v Changjin 1 e A lu (Chosin) ( r Ya NORTH Res. s Osan Iwon rp I o C S N KOREA X N Hungnam & I S r u Chonan A th r T r Pyongyang A e SEA OF JAPAN c v N i SEA OF JAPAN a Chongju R M 26 Sept. U ver i O ng R akto N 26 Dec. m M Yongdok 38 u Taejon N K Chunchon K Seoul 25 Dec. E Pohang Inchon Osan Kunsan A 15 Sept. YELLOW B Taegu (Pusan Perimeter) SEA Chonju O Pohang Kyongju S SOUTH Walker’s 8th Army KOREA Naktong R.

m a SOUTH KOREA N R i Pusan v Yongjam e r With the U.N. forces pursuing the NLPA and Kwangju Pusan fanning at across the expanding front in U Diversionary assaults .S North Korea, the CCF launched a surprise . preseding the landing Fo 1 r attack with over 200,000 men. This cause J ce at Inchon l u s Koje-do e ly fr the longest retreat in U.S. military history. n - o n 1 m a 5 h S Ja Again Seoul fell to the enemy. Yosu C e p p a it t n ra . Honshu t S rn te es Tsushima W 3JAN. NOV. 1951 1950 - JULY- JAN. 1953 1951 l (JAPAN) e n n a K h JAPAN O a C RE O re A G o r N A ve EL K Ri ARCHIP en n CHINA Tum er U.S.S.R st Ea 3 3

er iv NORTH R u al Cheju-do Y KOREA

SEA OF JAPAN

Pyongyang Armistace Line 27 July, 1953 Iron Traingle Kaesong 28 Feb. 1951 38 N Seoul 25 Jan. Panmunjom 1951 Inchon YELLOW SEA Taejon SOUTH KOREA

Pusan

After halting the CCF advance, the U.N. forces conducted a series of well executed attacks, recevoring Seoul. Hostilities even- tually ceased along on Armistice line located near the 38th Parallel.

TIMELINE

CCF & NKPA retake Seoul, 4 Jan. Chinese drive U.N. forces south of U.S. troops first meet NKPA just north Walker’s 8th Army holds Pusan U.N. capture Pyongyang, 19 Oct. Walker killed, 23 Dec. Battle lines stabilize near 38th parallel 200,000 Chinese attack U.N. U.N. forces forces, 26retreat, Nov. Seoul falls U.N. Resolution offers China a 8th Army attacks and retakes of Osan and are forced to retreat, 4 July Perimeter, August - September Chinese troops cross Yalu into N. Korea, U.N. forces drive N. Koreans counterattack, 14 Oct. - 2 Nov. to Communists, Dec. 38th parallel, 22 April Negotiating while fighting, Emergency session of U.N. Security Council from S. Korea, 1 Oct. peace plan. China rejects, 13-17 Jan. Seoul, 14 March decides to aid S. Korea, 26 June 10 July 1951 - 27 July 1953 1951 1953 1950 June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July At Inchon MacArthur conducted a masterful turning movement through the 4 use of a bold amphibious operation. The landings consisted of the 1st Marine 4 Regiment and the 7th Infantry Division from Japan, and the 5th Marine Regiment which had been withdrawn from the Pusan Perimeter. This attack, in combination with a breakout by the 8th army from the Pusan Perimeter, resulted in the destruction of the NKPA as an organized fighting force. Consequently, the Inchon invasion was follwed by the U.N. forces attacking into North Korea where some forces advanced to the .

Second Chinese offensive beaten back, 10 May

U.N. authorizes MacArthur to enter N. Korea, 7 Oct.

Armistice signed at Panmunjom 27 July 1953

MacArthur lands at Inchon, seizes Kimpo Airport & Seoul, 15 Sept.

1st Marine Div. & 7th Div. encircled at Changjin Reservoir, 27 Nov. Negotiations between U.N. forces & MacArthur relieved of command after Communists begin at Kaesong, 10 July challenging Truman, 11 April

N. Korean forces pushed toMacArthur Yalu River, launches Oct. new offensive, 24 Nov. Ridgway revitalizes 8th Army, halts retreat & stabilizes the defense, 8-24 Jan.

Ridgway takes command of 8th Army, 26 Dec.

U.N. forces initiate a limited offensive, 25 Jan.

N. Korean troops cross the 38th parallel, 25 June

MacArthur given command of U.N. Forces, 8 July Truman shifts 7th Fleet to Formosa Strait, 27 June 1st Marine Div. & 7th Div. compete breakout, 9 Dec.

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