Plasma Geometry in the Solar System and Beyond

Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Plasma Geometry in the Solar System and Beyond

Eugene Bagashov [email protected] JIPNR – Sosny (Minsk, Belarus) Dynamic Earth 2019 Bath, UK, 06–07.07.2019

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3 июля 2019 г. Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Electromagnetic Structures: from Micro to Macro. Observing The Frontier 2019 conference, Albuquerque, USA, February 15– 17, 2019. Videos at the Thunderbolts Project YT channel: ∙ Birkeland Currents in Space – An Analysis (28.05.19) ∙ Birkeland Currents – Cosmic Distance and other Puzzles (11.06.19) ∙ Local Birkeland Currents – A Closer Look (18.06.19) ∙ Our Solar System’s Birkeland Currents (26.06.19). Acknowledgements: Jim Weninger, Robert Farrar.

Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 2 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Introduction Main idea – the hypothesis that plasma currents play a significant role in the astrophysical processes. What is needed: Theoretical part: Observational part: developing a model for the mapping of the structures in behaviour of Birkeland currents our vicinity, their relation to the and see what kind of structures objects in the Solar System etc. would arise* * assuming electromagnetism works in space in the same manner it does on Earth

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∙ Theoretical part; ∙ Observational part; ∙ Recent findings; ∙ PlasmaScape. Disclaimer: this is a research program rather than a collection of results.

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D. E. Scott. Birkeland Currents: A Force- Free Field-Aligned Model. Progress in Physics, 11, 2015, p. 167–179. D. E. Scott. Birkeland Currents and Dark Matter. Progress in Physics, 14, 2018, p. 57–62.

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Magnitude of the axial magnetic Cross-section of a force-free field and the current density. current.

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Magnetic field vs. distance from axis.

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https://etherealmatters.org/atomizer/birkeland Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 9 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

H. Alfv´en. On hierarchical cosmology. Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 89, no. 2, 1983, p. 313–324.

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E. Bagashov. Electromagnetic Structures: From Micro to Macro. OTF2019 presentation (Albuquerque, Feb. 17, 2019).

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The hierarchy of scales: ∙ Solar System – <1 light year; ∙ Local Interstellar Cloud – 30 light years; ∙ Local Interstellar Chimney – 1000 light years; ∙ Orion Arm – 10000 light years; ∙ Milky Way – 100000 light years.

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B. Y. Welsh et al. EUV mapping of the local interstellar medium: the Local Chimney revealed? Astronomy and Astrophysics, 352, 1999, p. 308–316. B. Y. Welsh, S. Sallmen, R. Lallement. Probing the inner halo and IVC gas through the Local Interstellar Chimney. 414, 2004, p. 261–274. N. M. McClure-Griffiths et al. Evidence for Chimney Breakout in the Galactic Supershell GSH 242–03+37. The Astrophysical Journal , 638, 2006, p. 196–205. More chimneys about 10 klyr away.

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Gould belt Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 17 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

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M. R. Morris, K. I. Uchida, T. Do. The Double Helix Nebula: A Torsional Wave Propagating Along the Galactic Center Magnetic Field? Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 37, 2005, p. 1332. "... its axis is oriented perpendicular to the Galactic plane." "... possibly part of a larger structure."

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by: soupdragon42 (YouTube); thanks to Robert Hawthorne.

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Detection?

∙ Space probes – same potential as surrounding plasma; ∙ Little to no synchrotron radiation, since the currents are field-aligned; ∙ Little to no Faraday rotation, since the magnetic field reverses in each next shell.

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IBEX ribbon

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D.J. McComas et al. Seven Years of Imaging the Global Heliosphere with IBEX. ApJ Supplement Series vol. 229, no. 2: 41. Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 25 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

H.O. Funsten et al. Circularity of the Interstellar Boundary EXplorer ribbon of enhanced energetic neutral atom (ENA) flux. ApJ vol. 776, no. 1:30. Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 26 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

INCA belt Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 27 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

Cassini/INCA belt and IBEX ribbon Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 28 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Components of the cosmic microwave background:

"The direction obtained from the optical polarization data ... mimics the symmetry of the dipole moment of the cosmic microwave background". P.C. Frisch, S. Redfield, J.D. Slavin. The Interstellar Medium Surrounding the Sun. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2011, vol. 49, P. 237–279. Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 29 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Components of the cosmic microwave background:

"Spatial associations have been found between interstellar neutral hydrogen (H I) emission morphology and small-scale structure observed by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)". G.L. Verschuur. High Galactic Latitude Interstellar Neutral Hydrogen Structure and Associated (WMAP) High-Frequency Continuum Emission. ApJ, 2007, vol. 671, no. 1, P. 447–457. Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 29 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Further evidence Parallax measurements: ∙ Pleiades (a model star cluster); ∙ Polaris (closest cepheid variable). R.C.Gupta. Bending of Light Near a Star and Gravitational Red/Blue Shift : Alternative Explanation Based on Refraction of Light. https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0409124 E. Dowdye. Solar Gravitation and Solar Plasma Wave Propagation on Interaction. EU2014: All About Evidence, Albuquerque, US, March 20–24, 2014.

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Chemical compositions of stars: T. Do et al. Super-solar Metallicity Stars in the Galactic Center Nuclear Star Cluster: Unusual Sc, V, and Y Abundances. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2018, vol. 855, no. 1. J. G. Fern´andez-Trincado. APOGEE Chemical Anomalies discovered everywhere in the Milky Way: Giant stars with GC-like abundance patterns. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 2017, vol. 13, Symposium S334 (Rediscovering our Galaxy), P. 285–287. S.M. Percival, M. Salaris, M.A.T. Groenewegen. The distance to the Pleiades. A&A, 2005, vol. 429, P. 887–894.

Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 31 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape V.V. Pipin, V.M. Tomozov. Large-scale magnetic fields and anomalies of chemical composition of stellar coronae. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 2018, vol. 173, P. 28–36. "We present evidence that anomalies in abundance of the chemical admixtures with the low first ionization potential (FIP) in the low corona of the late-type stars can be related to a topology of the large-scale magnetic field." Marklund convection? G.T. Marklund. Plasma convection in force-free magnetic fields as a mechanism for chemical separation in cosmical plasmas. Nature, 1979, vol. 277, P. 370–371.

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Arcturus temperature estimates R. E. M. Griffin. Arcturus and human evolution. The Observatory, 116, 1996, p. 404–405. + Sirius reported by ancients as "red star". Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 33 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

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Ambiguity of red/blueshifts: H. Kotaki et al. Limitation of the plasma channel due to the frequency blueshift. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, vol. 688, 012054. R.L. Savage, C. Joshi, W.B. Mori. Frequency upconversion of electromagnetic radiation upon transmission into an ionization front. Phys. Rev. Lett., 1992, 68, P. 946. A. Brynjolfsson. Redshift of photons penetrating a hot plasma. https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0401420

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G.J. Vassilyeva, M.A. Kuznetsova, L.M. Kotlyar. Large-scale Magnetic Field Structure at the Earth’s Orbit - its Correlation with Solar Activity and Orientation and Motion of the Solar System in the Galaxy. Solar and Inter- planetary Dynamics, Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 91, held 27-31 August 1979 at Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Edited by M. Dryer and E. Tandberg-Hanssen. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Co.,1980, P.167. Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 36 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape

∙ "Analysis ... confirmed the existence of the large scale background interplanetary magnetic field (BIMF)"; ∙ "BIMF does not co-rotate with the Sun"; ∙ "The vortex structure of BIMF seems to occur ... and to be 9 equivalent to the current of Jz ∼ 10 amperes within the Earth’s orbit"; ∙ "... evidence of the solar activity being a complex phenomenon of the Solar System as a whole".

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What was omitted: ∙ Solar cycles and the barycenter; ∙ Orbits and axial tilts of planets; ∙ Counter-rotation + differential rotation of atmospheres; ∙ Precession problem; ∙ Esoteric evidence (longer cycles observed by ancients); ∙ Stellar streams; ∙ Stellar flybys (Scholz’s star, Barnard’s star etc.); ∙ Cyclicity and catastrophism.

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Image of ‘Oumuamua vs. not an image of ‘Oumuamua. Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 41 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Videos at the Thunderbolts Project YT channel: ∙ “Interstellar” Asteroid Raises Mysteries | Space News (Dec. 6, 2017); ∙ “Interstellar” Asteroid Continues to Puzzle | Space News (Jan. 16, 2018); ∙ Eugene Bagashov: Oumuamua – Surprising Data Leads to Strange Theories | Space News (Dec. 15, 2018); ∙ Eugene Bagashov: Oumuamua’s Strange Acceleration and Other Anomalies | Space News (Dec. 22, 2018); ∙ Eugene Bagashov: Oumuamua Data Reveals Intriguing Possibilities | Space News (Jan. 5, 2019).

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Eugene Bagashov Plasma Geometry [email protected] 43 / 54 Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape Ecliptic longitude: ∙ Clustering of detached TNOs – 73 deg.; ∙ Interstellar wind – 75 deg.; ∙ Solar equator ascending node – 76 deg.; ∙ Mercury’s perihelion – 77 deg. Time/velocity: ∙ Velocity of the interstellar wind – 26 km/s; ∙ [calculated] velocity of ’Oumuamua at infinity – 26 km/s; ∙ At 26 km/s the wind travels through the heliosphere (120 a.u.) in 22 years; ∙ Solar magnetic cycle – 22 years.

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Theoretical part Observational part Recent findings PlasmaScape PlasmaScape

Plasmascape as a general concept.