Paleopersepolis Towards an Environmental and Socio-Economic History of Ancient Persis 4.-6.7. 2018 Kiel (Germany)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Paleopersepolis Towards an Environmental and Socio-Economic History of Ancient Persis 4.-6.7. 2018 Kiel (Germany)

Venue Internationales Begegnungszentrum Institute of Classics Kiellinie 5, 24105 Kiel Paleopersepolis Organizing Committee Towards an Environmental Dr. Silvia Balatti, Prof. Dr. Josef Wiesehöfer, and Socio-economic Prof. Dr. Hilmar Klinkott History of Ancient Persis Contact 4.-6.7.2018 Kiel (Germany) [email protected] Foto: M. Djamali PROGRAMME Wednesday, 4.7.2018 15.30-16.00 Coffee Break 11.15-12.00 S. Balatti (Kiel) Wine Consumption in the Achaemenid 16.00-16.45 M. Djamali (Aix/Marseille) 18.00-19.00 R. Rollinger (Innsbruck) Empire: Evidence from the Heartland A History of Tree Cultivation in Ancient Western Iran and an Entangled History Persia: Insight from Archaeobotanical 12.00-12.45 H. Klinkott (Kiel) of Empires in the First Millennium BCE and Pollen Data Persis at the Time of Alexander 19.00 Reception 16.45-17.30 E. Brisset (Tarragona) 12.45-14.00 Lunch Centennial-scale Hydrological Changes Thursday, 5.7.2018 14.00-14.45 P. Callieri (Bologna) in the Persepolis Basin Inferred from Connectivity in Southern Fars in the the 3800-Year Sediment Record of Lake 9.00- 9.15 Introductory Remarks Early Sasanian Period: Maharlou Ardashir Xwarrah and the Persian Gulf 9.15-10.00 A. Askari Chaverdi (Shiraz) 17.30-18.15 S. Saaedi (Regensburg) Inland and Coastal Areas New Data for an Updated Archaeological Agropastoral Activities in Lake Maharlou Sequence of Parsa 14.45-15.30 K. Rezakhani (Princeton) Basin (SW Iran) during the Achaemenid Dominating the Landscape: 10.00-10.45 J. Tavernier (Leuven) Persian Empire, with an Introduction of Sasanian Cities and their Economy The Linguistic Landscape in the Fars Region New Arboricultural Elements in Khuzistan and Persis from the Neo-Elamite till the Islamic Period 19.30 Conference Dinner (c. 1000 BCE – 1000 CE) 15.30-16.00 Coffee Break 16.00-16.45 A. Engeskaug (London) 10.45-11.15 Coffee Break Friday, 6.7.2018 Fire Temples, Firewood, and Forestry 11.15-12.00 A. Nagel (Washington) in Sasanian Fars The Mineral Universe of Elamite Susa and 9.15-10.00 J. Wiesehöfer (Kiel) Achaemenid Persepolis Persian paradeisoi – Parts of an 16.45-17.30 G. Leube (Bayreuth) Imperial Landscape and Gardens Polemics on a Palimpsest: Intertextual 12.00-12.45 M. Canepa (Irvine, CA) ‘Full of Trees and Wild Animals‘ Jibes in the 15th Century Inscriptions Towards a Transmillennial Ecology of in Persepolis / Takht-i Jamshid Persian Religions 10.00-10.45 S. Gondet (Lyon) Approaching Past Landscape Management 17.30-18.15 B. Fragner (Wien) 12.45-14.00 Lunch on the Field: Pluridisciplinary and Conclusions and Final discussion 14.00-14.45 W. Henkelman (Paris) Multiscalar Studies in the Pasargadae The Persepolis Fortication Archive Region (Fars Province, Iran) Colleagues, students and anyone 14.45-15.30 M. Tamerus (Amsterdam) 10.45-11.15 Coffee Break Commodity Management in the Persepolis interested are cordially invited. Fortication Archive – The Persepolitan *bajikara – and the Production of Resources.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Sasanian Bas-Reliefs at Tang-E Chogan Under Invasion of Lichens and Fungi
81 I RAN Sasanian Bas-reliefs at Tang-e Chogan under Invasion of Lichens and Fungi At several places near the town of Bishapur, which was founded by Sasanian King Shapur I (241–272) and was situated on the road between Persis and Elam, the King also had the sides of the Bishapur River gorge decorated with huge historical reliefs commemorating his triple triumph over Rome. The six reliefs at Tang-e Chogan show scenes such as Shapur enslaving the Roman Emperor; the King and his courtiers; or rows of registers with files of soldiers and horses, in a deliberate imitation of the narra- tive scenes on the Trajan column in Rome. The critical situation of these bas-reliefs is described in an arti- cle by CAIS (The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies): Lichens and vegetation growing in the cavities and cracks of the Sasanian bas-reliefs at Tang-e Chogan, a part of the ruins of the ancient city of Bishapur in southwestern Iran, are gradually Sasanian bas-reliefs at Tang-e Chogan (photo: Pedram Veisi) destroying these irreplaceable antiquities. The lichens and veg- etation are clearly visible on all six bas-reliefs, which are located 19 kilometres north of Kazerun, reported the Persian service of site historical monuments in Fars Province, has made no efforts the Mehr News Agency. One of the bas-reliefs depicts Shapur I, to save the ancient relics from the lichens and vegetation attacks. the Persian King of Kings who consolidated and expanded the The ancient city of Bishapur is also in peril by several other fourth Iranian dynastic empire founded by his father, Ardashir I.
[Show full text]
From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East
REVOLUTIONIZING REVOLUTIONIZING Mark Altaweel and Andrea Squitieri and Andrea Mark Altaweel From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East This book investigates the long-term continuity of large-scale states and empires, and its effect on the Near East’s social fabric, including the fundamental changes that occurred to major social institutions. Its geographical coverage spans, from east to west, modern- day Libya and Egypt to Central Asia, and from north to south, Anatolia to southern Arabia, incorporating modern-day Oman and Yemen. Its temporal coverage spans from the late eighth century BCE to the seventh century CE during the rise of Islam and collapse of the Sasanian Empire. The authors argue that the persistence of large states and empires starting in the eighth/ seventh centuries BCE, which continued for many centuries, led to new socio-political structures and institutions emerging in the Near East. The primary processes that enabled this emergence were large-scale and long-distance movements, or population migrations. These patterns of social developments are analysed under different aspects: settlement patterns, urban structure, material culture, trade, governance, language spread and religion, all pointing at population movement as the main catalyst for social change. This book’s argument Mark Altaweel is framed within a larger theoretical framework termed as ‘universalism’, a theory that explains WORLD A many of the social transformations that happened to societies in the Near East, starting from Andrea Squitieri the Neo-Assyrian period and continuing for centuries. Among other inﬂ uences, the effects of these transformations are today manifested in modern languages, concepts of government, universal religions and monetized and globalized economies.
[Show full text]
The Achaemenid Legacy in the Arsakid Period
Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis 2019, special issue, pp. 175–186 Volume in Honour of Professor Anna Krasnowolska doi:10.4467/20843933ST.19.032.10975 www.ejournals.eu/Studia-Litteraria HTTP://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-6709-752X MAREK JAN OLBRYCHT University of Rzeszów, Poland e-mail: [email protected] The Memory of the Past: the Achaemenid Legacy in the Arsakid Period Abstract The Achaemenid Empire, established by Cyrus the Great, provided a model looked up to by subsequent empires on the territory of Iran and the Middle East, including the empires ruled by Alexander of Macedonia, the Seleukids, and the Arsakids. Achaemenid patterns were eagerly imitated by minor rulers of Western Asia, including Media Atropatene, Armenia, Pontos, Kappadokia and Kommagene. The Arsakids harked back to Achaemenids, but their claims to the Achaemenid descendance were sporadic. Besides, there were no genealogical links between the Arsakids and Achaemenid satraps contrary to the dynastic patterns com- mon in the Hellenistic Middle East. Keywords: Iran, Cyrus the Great, Achaemenids, Arsakids, Achaemenid legacy In this article I shall try to explain why some rulers of the Arsakid period associa- ted their dynasty with the Achaemenids and what the context was of such declara- tions. The focus of this study is on the kings of Parthia from Arsakes I (248–211 B.C.) to Phraates IV (37–3/2 B.C.). The Achaemenids established the world’s first universal empire, spanning ter- ritories on three continents – Asia, Africa, and (temporary) Europe. The power of the Persians was founded by Cyrus the Great (559–530 B.C.), eulogised by the Iranians, Jews, Babylonian priests, and Greeks as well, who managed to make a not very numerous people inhabiting the lands along the Persian Gulf masters of an empire stretching from Afghanistan to the Aegean Sea, giving rise to the largest state of those times.
[Show full text]
Alexander's Successors
Perdiccas, 323-320 Antigonus (western Asia Minor) 288-285 Antipater (Macedonia) 301, after Ipsus Lysimachus (Anatolia, Thrace) Archon (Babylon) Lysimachus (Anatolia, Thrace) Ptolemy (Egypt) Asander (Caria) Ptolemy (Egypt) Seleucus (Babylonia, N. Syria) Persia to Alexander the Great Atropates (northern Media) 315-311 Alexander’s Seleucus (Babylonia, N. Syria) Eumenes (Cappadocia, Pontus) vs. 318-316 Cassander Cassander (Macedonia) Laomedon (Syria) Lysimachus Daniel 11:1-4 Antigonus Demetrius (Cyprus, Tyre, Demetrius (Macedonia, Cyprus, Leonnatus (Phrygia) Ptolemy Successors Cassander Sidon, Agaean islands) Tyre, Sidon, Agaean islands) Lysimachus (Thrace) Peithon Seleucus Menander (Lydia) Ptolemy Bythinia Bythinia Olympias (Epirus) vs. 332-260 BC Seleucus Epirus Epirus “And now I will tell you the truth. Behold, three more kings are going to arise Peithon (southern Media) Antigonus Greece Greece Philippus (Bactria) vs. Aristodemus Heraclean kingdom Heraclean kingdom Ptolemy (Egypt) Demetrius in Persia. Then a fourth will gain far more riches than all of them; as soon as Eumenes Paeonia Paeonia Stasanor (Aria) Nearchus Olympias Pontus Pontus and others . Peithon Polyperchon Rhodes Rhodes he becomes strong through his riches, he will arouse the whole empire against the realm of Greece. And a mighty king will arise, and he will rule with great authority and do as he pleases.” (Dan 11:2-3) 320 330310 300 290 280 270 260 250 Antipater, 320-319 Alcetas and Attalus (Pisidia ) Antigenes (Susiana) Antigonus (army in Asia) Arrhidaeus (Phrygia) Cassander
[Show full text]
Persia: Place and Idea
1 Persia: Place and Idea Persia/Persians and Iran/Iranians “Persia” is not easily located with any geographic specificity, nor can its people, the Persians, be easily categorized. In the end Persia and the Persians are as much metaphysical notions as a place or a people. Should it be Iran and the Iranians? Briefly, “Persia/Persians” is seldom used today, except in the United Kingdom or when referring to ancient Iran/Iranians – c. sixth century bc to the third century ad. Riza Shah (1926–1941) decreed in 1935 that Iran be used exclusively in official and diplomatic correspondence. Iran was the term commonly used in Iran and by Iranians, except from the seventh to the thirteenth centuries. Fol- lowing the Second World War, oil nationalization, the Musaddiq crisis, and subsequent greater sensitivity to Iranian nationalism, the designa- tion Iran/Iranian became widely used in the west. Until recently the use of Persia/Persians was often rejected among Iranians themselves. Iran/Iranian also had its own hegemonic dimension, especially from the experience of some of Iran’s multi-ethnic population. The usage of Persia/Persian, however, was revived by Iranian expatriates in the post- 1979 era of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This common usage among them represents an attempt on their part to be spared the opprobrium of “Iran” and its recent association with revolution, “terrorism,” hostages, and “fundamentalism,” while Persia/Persian suggested to them an ancient glory and culture – a less threatening contemporary political identity. Nevertheless, the political ramifications of either Persia or Iran cannot be escaped. Above all, the history of Persia/Iran is the history of the interaction between place and the peoples who have lived and who currently live there.
[Show full text]
The History of Parthia
1 962:151g The Parthians I. Introduction A. The Importance of the Parthians 1. The Persian Resurgence a) demonstrates continued vigor of Iranians b) unlike other Middle Eastern peoples, the Iranians maintain their identity and political power in the face of outside invasion (1) first, Greeks (2) then, Romans (3) then, Arabs (4) then, European imperialism and colonialism 2. They Were A Major Power for 470 Years: 247 BCE - 227 CE a) They destroyed the Seleucid kingdom b) They blocked Roman expansion into Mesopotamia and Armenia B. Sources of Information 1. Literary Sources Are Very Scanty a) almost nothing that is itself Parthian b) most comes from hostile or disdainful Greek and Roman writers 2. Epigraphic Material Is Limited a) Some Greek inscriptions from Parthia b) Some Parthian and Aramaic inscriptions on jewelry 3. There Is Minimal Archeological Material a) very little excavation in Iran prior to 1979 b) none at all since 1979 C. The Origins of the Parthians 1. The Name „Parthia‟ a) actually the Greek form of the Achaemenid name (Parthava) of a satrapy in northern Iran 2. The „Parni‟ a) their name for themselves b) members of a semi-nomadic Dahae confederacy north of Hyrcania, between the Caspian and Aral Seas II. The Rise of Arsacid Parthia A. The Establishment of the Parthian Kingdom 1. The Rebellion Against Seleucid Rule in 238 BCE a) led by their chieftain, Arsaces, the Parni expel Andragoras, the rebel Seleucid governor of Parthia, from his province (1) they then permanently occupy the district of Astavene (Astrabad) in the province of Parthia (2) the Seleucids were distracted and weakened at the time (a) dynastic civil war (b) Ptolemaic invasion of Babylonia 2 (3) eastern provinces in Afghanistan break away at this time under their Greek governor, Diodotus, who founds the Greek kingdom of Bactria b) Arsaces claims to be the successor of the Achaemenids B.
[Show full text]
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Narrative and Iranian
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Narrative and Iranian Identity in the New Persian Renaissance and the Later Perso-Islamicate World DISSERTATION submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in History by Conrad Justin Harter Dissertation Committee: Professor Touraj Daryaee, Chair Professor Mark Andrew LeVine Professor Emeritus James Buchanan Given 2016 © 2016 Conrad Justin Harter DEDICATION To my friends and family, and most importantly, my wife Pamela ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v CURRICULUM VITAE vi ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: Persian Histories in the 9th-12th Centuries CE 47 CHAPTER 3: Universal History, Geography, and Literature 100 CHAPTER 4: Ideological Aims and Regime Legitimation 145 CHAPTER 5: Use of Shahnama Throughout Time and Space 192 BIBLIOGRAPHY 240 iii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1 Map of Central Asia 5 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to all of the people who have made this possible, to those who have provided guidance both academic and personal, and to all those who have mentored me thus far in so many different ways. I would like to thank my advisor and dissertation chair, Professor Touraj Daryaee, for providing me with not only a place to study the Shahnama and Persianate culture and history at UC Irvine, but also with invaluable guidance while I was there. I would like to thank my other committee members, Professor Mark LeVine and Professor Emeritus James Given, for willing to sit on my committee and to read an entire dissertation focused on the history and literature of medieval Iran and Central Asia, even though their own interests and decades of academic research lay elsewhere.
[Show full text]
Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography
Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2018 Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography Evan J. (Evan Jeffery) Jones Western Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Jones, Evan J. (Evan Jeffery), "Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography" (2018). WWU Graduate School Collection. 692. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/692 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography By Evan Jones Accepted in Partial Completion of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dr. Steven Garfinkle, Chair Dr. Roger Thompson Dr. Tristan Goldman GRADUATE SCHOOL Dr. Gautam Pillay, Dean Master’s Thesis In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non-exclusive royalty-free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU. I represent and warrant this is my original work and does not infringe or violate any rights of others.
[Show full text]
Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography Evan J
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Western Washington University Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2018 Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography Evan J. (Evan Jeffery) Jones Western Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Jones, Evan J. (Evan Jeffery), "Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography" (2018). WWU Graduate School Collection. 692. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/692 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Long Distance Trade and the Parthian Empire: Reclaiming Parthian Agency from an Orientalist Historiography By Evan Jones Accepted in Partial Completion of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dr. Steven Garfinkle, Chair Dr. Roger Thompson Dr. Tristan Goldman GRADUATE SCHOOL Dr. Gautam Pillay, Dean Master’s Thesis In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master’s degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non-exclusive royalty-free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU.
[Show full text]
Cyrus and the Achaemenids*
CYRUS AND THE ACHAEMENIDS* By Matt Waters University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Understanding of early Achaemenid history has him through four generations: “Darius the king undergone significant changes in recent scholarship. proclaims: My father is Hystaspes, the father of Recent research has emphasised the familial distinction Hystaspes is Arsames, the father of Arsames was between Cyrus the Great and Darius I, and it has Ariaramnes, the father of Ariaramnes was Teispes, the become difficult to give credence to the traditional, father of Teispes was Achaemenes. Darius the king modern reconstruction of Darius’ kinship claims that proclaims: For this reason we are called implies a dual descent from Achaemenes via Teispes: ‘Achaemenids’.”2 This lineal descent, in subsequent one line to Cyrus and the other to Darius. With Cyrus’ inscriptions, became simply “Achaemenid” (i.e., minus inscriptions at Pasargadae demonstrated as spurious, the full genealogical progression), used as a dynastic and the “Achaemenid dynasty” demonstrated as marker. This Achaemenid emphasis is consistently Darius’ creation ex nihilo, the relationship between reflected in Darius’ titulary, for example, “I am Darius Darius and his predecessors requires a new assessment. the Great King, King of Kings, King of many countries, Darius has been viewed as an unabashed liar, son of Hystaspes, an Achaemenid” (DPe §1 — with despite the consistent antipathy toward the Lie (Old minor variations in several other inscriptions).3 Persian drauga) emphasised in his royal inscriptions. The name Achaemenes or title “Achaemenid” does As typical of the genre of royal apologia, the truth not occur in Cyrus’ inscriptions (notwithstanding the therein reflects the truth as the sovereign portrayed it, Pasargadae inscriptions, in fact commissioned and with historical accuracy, as we would define it, not a placed by Darius).4 Cyrus traced his lineage to his priority.
[Show full text]
Michael Witzel, Harvarduniversity the HOME of the ARYANS § 1. Homelands the Search for an Indo-European Homeland Has Taken Us S
1 Michael Witzel, HarvardUniversity THE HOME OF THE ARYANS § 1. Homelands The search for an Indo-European homeland has taken us some two hundred years by now. The discussion can easily be summarized, if somewhat facetiously, by: the homeland is at, or close to the homeland of the author of the book in question... The same applies, mutatis mutandis, to the homeland of the Indo-Iranians, or Arya/Ārya, as they call themselves. For this, we will have to look a little bit further afield, first of all, to the Urals. The main part of this paper, however, will be concerned with the supposed "mythical homeland" of the Iranians, Airiianəm Vaẽjah. § 2 Ural Aryans? For, it is on the W. Siberian plains just east of the Ural mountains, on the rivers Išim and Tobol, that Russian archaeologists have found already some 20 years ago what might amount to some of the earliest attested traces of Aryan material culture -- and even of Aryan belief. This is not altogether unknown in the west but as it has found so little resonance in Indo-Iranian studies, that some of the evidence may be repeated briefly. The Sintashta-Arkaim culture is found in the Chelyabinsk region east of the Urals with some 30 sites, all situated at a strategically chosen location at the bend of a river. It is part of the Andronovo cultural horizon of the steppe and forested steppe of Kazakhstan and surroundings, reaching up to the Yenessei and the high valleys of the Pamir and Tian Shan. This now includes some 250 sites (KUZ'MINA 1994).
[Show full text]
Cyrus the Great, Exiles and Foreign Gods a Comparison of Assyrian and Persian Policies on Subject Nations1
Cyrus the Great, Exiles and Foreign Gods A Comparison of Assyrian and Persian Policies on Subject Nations1 To be published in: Wouter Henkelman, Charles Jones, Michael Kozuh and Christopher Woods (eds.), Extraction and Control: Studies in Honor of Matthew W. Stolper. Oriental Institute Publications. Chicago: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. R.J. van der Spek VU University Amsterdam Introduction Cyrus, king of Persia (559-530 BC), conqueror of Babylon (539), has a good reputation, also among modern historians. Most textbooks, monographs, and articles on ancient history stress his tolerance towards the countries and nations he subdued. It is mentioned time and again that he allowed them freedom of religion, that he behaved respectfully towards Babylon and its temple cults, and that he reinstated several cults, especially that of the god of Israel in Jerusalem. This policy is often contrasted with that of the Assyrian kings, who are presented as cruel rulers, oppressing subdued nations, destroying sanctuaries, deporting gods and people, and forcing their subjects to worship Assyrian gods. Cyrus’ acts supposedly inaugurated a new policy, aimed at winning the subject nations for the Persian Empire by tolerance and clemency. It was exceptional that Cambyses and Xerxes abandoned this policy in Egypt and Babylonia. In the prestigious Cambridge Ancient History volume on Persia, T. Cuyler Young maintains that Cyrus’ policy “was one of remarkable tolerance based on a respect for individual people, ethnic groups, other religions and ancient kingdoms.” 2 1 This contribution is an update of my article “Cyrus de Pers in Assyrisch perspectief: Een vergelijking tussen de Assyrische en Perzische politiek ten opzichte van onderworpen volken,” Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 96 (1983): 1-27 (in Dutch, for a general audience of historians).
[Show full text]