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Illustrating the Iliad and the Odyssey

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Illustrating the Iliad and the Odyssey 146 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol.8, No. 5 49. What child was adopted by rough C. They assembled the material and made miners? (Read The Luck of Roaring their book by: Camp. You'll probably want to read 1. Dividing the subject matter into main Tennessee's Partner, also, by Bret topics, one to be accepted by each Harte.) pupil as his definite assignment. 50. What American author wrote a well- 2. Resolving into final working commit- known story of finding buried treasure tees on drawing, printing, posting, by means of a cipher which explained sewing, binding. a map? (Poe. PitsKlts The Gold Bug II. What the Children Learned you may want to read The Fall of the A. From their work with The Iliad and The House of Usher.) Odyssey the children learned that: Carrie Belle Parks 1. The Iliad tells the story of the tenth year of the siege in the Trojan War; ILLUSTRATING THE ILIAD The Odyssey tells the story of the ten years' wanderings of Odysseus AND THE ODYSSEY (Ulysses) on his way back home An Eighth Grade Unit in Greek Literature from the Trojan War. WHILE studying Greek literature, 2. Interesting information about gods the class became interested in il- and goddesses as shown in Table 1. lustrations. Since they were un- 3. Information about the main char- able to find any pictures of gods or god- acters of the two stories as shown in desses at home, the teacher suggested order- Table II. ing some from picture companies. A Perry 4. These stories (The Iliad and The Odyssey) were sung by Homer, then Pictures Company catalog was on hand, so the class set to work selecting appropriate resung by others, and later compiled pictures to order. While this was in pro- in book form. gress one child asked, "What are we going 5. The following are the most important to do with our pictures?"—The class dis- things tradition supplies about cussed this at length, finally deciding to Homer. make a book on Greek literature using the a. He was a poor, blind poet who earned his living by reciting these pictures as illustrations. How they did this work is set forth in the following outline. poems. b. He played on a lyre and recited 1. What the Children Did wonderful verses which told A. They discussed the book to be made as about the adventures of Greek to: heroes and their great deeds dur- 1. Size—pages, cover, and pictures. ing the Trojan War. 2. Contents—table of contents, list of c. "Fity cities" claimed the distinc- illustrations, dedication, introduction, tion of being his birthplace and index. greatly honored him after his 3. Materials—color and kind of paper, death. kind of cardboard, paint for cover 6. The main characteristics of Homeric design. style are: 4. Lettering—pages, cover. a. Frequent use of the simile—a fig- B. They examined illustrative material sup- ure of speech likening two differ- plied by teacher and children such as: ent things by imaginative com- books, magazines, pictures, advertise- parison. Example: "As when ments, old jewelry, and posters. the wind from off a threshing 147 May, 1927] THE VIRGINIA TEACHER Table I. Showing Important Facts About Greek Cods and Goddesses Epithet Name of God or God or Goddess of Chief Seats of \id Given in ■ Goddess Worship Aojan War 'Thunderer" Jupiter or Zeus 3hief of Olympian Crete, Anxur in doth sides Gods Latiurm. Minerva or Athene Wisdom ^ake Tritonus in Creeks 'Blue-eyed maid" Africa. 'Stag-eyed queen of Juno or Hera Marriage; also wife Argos, Carthage Creeks and sister of Zeus. Lacinia. Heaven." 'Laughter-loving Venus or Aphrodite Love and beauty Paphas and Idalium Trojans in Cyprus. queen." Apollo or Phoebus Light, oracles, music, Delphi and Cumaein Trojans "God of the silver medicine. Compania. Bow." Diana or Artemis Moon and the chase. Thracian forest Greeks "Archer Queen" Neptune or Poseidon Sea Aegean Sea Greeks "Girder of the land." War Thrace Trojans "Mail-clad god of Mars or Ares war." Vulcan or Hephaestus Fire and architecture Lipara, an island near Both sides "The skilled artificer." Sicily. Mercury Messenger Cyllene, the highest "Clear-sighted speedy mountain in the comer." Peloponnesus Ceres or Demeter Agriculture Troy Vesta or Hestia Fireside Troy Dawn Greeks "Rosy-fingered Aurora or Eos Dawn." Iris Rainbow; messenger "Storm-swift Iris.* floor, where men are winnowing, 2. Pasting neatly and in correct posi- blows the chaff away; when yel- tion on the page (pictures about one- low Ceres with the breeze divides third nearer top of page than bot- the com and chaff which lies in tom.) whit'ning heaps; so thick the 3. Spelling unusual words and proper Greeks were whitened o'er with names found in Greek literature. dust." 4. Drawing, through copying illustra- b. Use of the epithet—an adjective tions found in books, or adjective phrase which aptly B. Abilities strengthened were: describes the noun it modifies. 1. Selection and organization of ma- Example: "Stag-eyed Juno, queen terial from various sources for a of heaven." definite type of book, e. g. subjects III. Skills and Abilities Selected for pertaining to ancient Greece. Emphasis 2. Selection and organization of ma- A. Skills strengthened were: terial for one topic from various 1. Lettering neatly and with correct sources. spacing (words twice as far apart as 3. Compilation of unorganized material letters.) into a table. rtff : X-JW 148 THE VIRGINIA TEACHER [Vol. 8, No. S I i 1 Table II. Showing Important Facts About Principal Characters in the Iliad and Odyssey .'■ ■ ■ ! ■■ ■?- 1 • :: Name Home Interesting fact Epithet Agamemnon Mycenae He was leader of Greeks in Trojan war. "Most mighty Agamemnon, e'w. king of men." ■■ Ulysses Ithaca He was a Greek hero and main character of "Wisest of the Greeks." the Odyssey. He was driven at the will of n . •■;• '.* ■ p,, ^' ' ■ the gods for ten years after the capture of Troy. ivrm Menelaus Sparta As king of Sparta and deserted husband of "Heaven-descended :• 1 ■ Helen, he led sixty ships to the seige of Menelaus." ■ ' ■ I''.' Jr *>>,1'. 4/' Troy. Paris Mt. Ida He was the brother of Hector. He visited "Paris, cause of all this iRil Menelaus and eloped with his wife, Helen. war." : v.":" This led to the seige of Troy. Helen Sparta She was the most beautiful woman of her age. "Fair-haired Helen, queen of women." f.i ,1: Diomed Greece He was a brave Greek hero. "Brave Diomed." A j aces Cyprus '"Tis yours, Ajaces, filled with courage high, Ajax Telamon, the greater ■lip!®; Lacris to save the Greeks." i •' 1 W? '..ti.1.'1 Lacrian Ajax, the lesser. ;; :, I' 1 [ Patroclus Pythia He was the best friend of Achilles. "Patroclus carborne chief." :f r ' Hector Troy He was the foremost Trojan hero. "Hector of the glancing i< *' './I,-' helm." P % Achilles Pythia He was the strongest, bravest and swiftest "Swift-footed Achilles." of the Greeks. ::m HI•: t•, '' 'V' •'• >•-V J'-H.-'v • Nestor Pylos He was the oldest of the Greeks. "Nestor, wise in council." Nausicaa Island of She was kind to Achilles when he was strand- "Fair-robed Nausicaa." Phaeacia ed on her island. Penelope Ithaca She was the wife of Ulysses, and was true "Heedful Penelope, daugh- to him during his twenty years' absence. ter of Icarius." Telemachus Ithaca He was the only son of Ulysses—a baby when "Discreet Telemachus." his father went to war. Cyclope Sicily Any one of a race of one-eyed giants. "Cyclops, devourer of men." I'. j[:' 1'^ IV. Attitudes and Appreciations Fostered Colum Padraic. The Adventures of Odysseus ; i-r and the Tale of Troy. Illustrated by Pogany. A. A keener xxalization of the responsibility Macmillan Co., New York. i til of each member of the group to every Grant, A. J. Greece in the Age of Pericles. other member as they work together. Chas. Scribner's Sons, New York. Mc Guerber, H. A. Myths of Greece and Rome. B. An appreciation of the classic literature 1 American Book Co., New York. ■ • ' t r p 'pt-i? , . ,. of another country. Jebb, R. C. Introduction to Homer. Ginn and C. An appreciation of pictures as valuable Company, Boston. Perry Picture Company. Catalog. Maiden, aids in studying a piece of literature. Mass. B. Teacher's Bibliography PO;.n D. A realization of the difference in re- ^-r'* -..(f, t i Bonser and Mossman. Industrial Arts for Ele- ligions and social ideals then and now. mentary Schools. Macmillan Co., N. Y. Derby, Earl of. The Iliad. John C. Winston BIBLIOGRAPHY Co., Philadelphia. I Harding. Greek Gods, Heroes and Men. Scott A. Children's Bibliography Foresman and Company. Chicago. Bureau of Universal Travel. University Prints Winslaw. Elementary Industrial Arts. Mac- §mm- Catalogue. Trinity Place, Boston. millan Co., New York. Church, A. J. The Iliad for Boys and Girls; Fannie Greene Allen The Odyssey for Boys and Girls. Macmillan Co., } "M Majorie Ober t l f- ir New York. }: :■■■; v ''it: | ItiW# IH t v mi .
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