CENSUS OF INDIA 1981
SERIES 18
RAJASTHAN
PARTS XIII-A & B DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK (Village & Town Directory Village and Townwise Primary Census Abstract)
BUNDI DISTRICT
I. c. SRIVASTA VA of the Indian Adminbtrative Service Dire~tor of Census Operations, Rajasthan
FOREWORD
Population Census provides data-base for econom ic and social planning to planners and administrators at all levels. The village and town-wise Census data compiled and processed by the Directorate of Census Operations are being published in the form of District Census Handbook for each district, which, J am sure, will be found quite useful, informative and interesting by planners, administrators as well as academicians and research scholars.
Each District Census Handbook comprises two parts : Part-A containing information on the amenities available in each village/town and Part B popUlation totals and other demographic data. Some additional information regarding amenities added, in the past ten years, in each village! t,)wn has also been provided in these volumes.
Shri 1. C. Srivastava, Director of Census Operations, Rajasthan and his (.;olleagues who have endeavoured for several months to complete these comprehensive and useful volumes deserve to be congratulated for accuracy and their timely completion.
M. M. K. WALl JAIPUR Chief Secretary January 26, 1983 Government of Rajas1han
PREFACE
The District Census handbook (DCH), compiled by the Census Organisation on behalf of the State G'overnment, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DCH is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter alia used for delimitation of constituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans and as an aid to district administration. The District Census Handbook is the only publication which provides Primary Census Abstract (peA) data upto village level for the rural areas and ,wardwise for each city or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc.
The District Census handbook series was initiated during the 195 I Census. It contained important census tables and PCA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DCH was enlarged and it co~tail1ed a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics, census tables and a village and town directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of villages. However, in some States it was confined to district census tables and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing.
While designing the format of 1981 DCH series some new features along with the restructuring of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time, comparability with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrent village the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the format of the village directory and incorporating more exhaustive data on infrastructure aspect particularly in relation to amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further meet the necd of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A few new items of information have also been introduced to meet some of the req uirements of the Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary health sub-centres, and community health workers in the village have been introduced in the village directory with this objective in mind. The new item on approach to the village is to have an idea about the villages in tbe district which are inaccessible. A new column, .. total popUlation and number of households" has been introduced to examine the correlation of the amenities with the popUlation and number of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the villages where no amenities are available and according to the proportion of scheduled caste and &cheduled tribe population to the total population has also been made with this view in mind.
The formats of the town directory have also been modified to meet the requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing information on a few new items, A new statement on civic and other amenities in slums in Class--I and Class ~ II towns (Statement IV -A) has been introduced with this objective in mind. It is expected that this will help the planners to chalk out programmes on provision of civic amenities for the improvement of slums. The columlls on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population in Statement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational t~1cilities in statement V are also added inler alia with this view. A significant addition is class of town in all the seven statements of the town directory. The infrastructure of amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of towns into consideration. The addition of the columns on civic administration status and population in a few statements also serves this purpose.
The format of the Primary Census Abstract for the villages aud towns has been formulated in the light of changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the Individual Slip of 1981 Census.
In order to avoid delay in publication of 1981 DCH series it has been so designed that Part-A of the vvlume contains village and town directory and Part.B, the PCA of villages and towns including the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PCA upto Tehsil/Town levels. At the beginning of the DCH a detailed analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and non-census data in relation to the infrastructure has been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tehsil/police station/C 0 Block etc., level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at appropriate places, to further enhance the value of the pUblication.
This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Organisation. The data h&ve been collected and compiled in the State under the direction of Shri I. C. Srivastava the Director of Census Operations Rajasthan on behalf of the State Government which has borne the cost of printing. The task of planning, designing and coordination of this publication was carried out by Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) of my office, Dr. B. K. Roy. Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under the guidance of Shri M. M. Dua, Senior Research officer. I am thankful to all who have contributed in this project.
1>. PADMANABHA Registrar General, India NEW DELHI January 26, 1983 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are deeply indebted to the State Government for their prompt help to us at all stages of Census Operations, We are beholden to Shri M. M. K. Wali, Chief Secretary, Rajasthan for his unstinted support and continued encouragement to us at all stages of work as also for having consented to write the Foreword for the series. The former Chief Secretary, Shri G. K. Bhanot who inaugurated the two State-level Census conferences had infused a sense of urgency and seriousness in the minds of Collectors and other officers engaged in Census work at the district-level, which went a long way in gearing up the entire administrative machinery and we are extremely grateful to him. Several departments- of the State Government among which General Administration, Education, Community Development, Economics & Statistics, Public Relations, Printing and the Department of Personnel deserve special mention, extended utmost cooperation and help in both the phases of Census Opera tions. The District Collectors played a pivotal role in successfully conducting and supervising census operations despite their multifarious responsibilities. They were well assisted by ADMsjSDOs, Tehsildars and Municipal Officers and other Charge Officers. The Supervisors and Enumerators, the basic census functionaries worked ceaselessly in the entire period of field-work to make 198 [ Census Operations smooth and successful.
We are deeply grateful to Shri P. Padmanabha, Registrar General & Census Commissioner India for his sustained support and spontaneous, unfailing guidance throughout our endeavours. Our grateful thanks are due to Shri V. P. Pandey, Shri N. G. Nag, Shri K. K. Chakravorty and Dr. B. K. Roy, the four Deputy Registrar Generals and their colleagues at the headquarters for their ever willing, helping hand and thoughtful suggestions for putting together and shaping the volumes in their present form.
Shrimati Mcenakshi Hooja and Shri S. C. Varma, the two Deputy Directors illcharge' of District Handbooks who were ably assisted by Shri Shamsher Singh, Assistant Director and Shri Wali Haider and their team of workers deserve all praise for their perseverance and dedication to work. Shri R. D. Aggarwal Deputy Director has taken pains in drafting the analytical notes for Bundi District Census Handbook. Finally, the entire manuscript was thoroughly scrutinised and made press worthly by the specially constituted coordination cell headed by Shri R. C. Bhargava, Assistant Director who was very well assisted by Shri G. D. Agarwal, Assistant Director, Sarvashri R. A. Gupta and R. N. Verma Senior Supervisors and whose efforts deserve special mention. In drafting the portion relating to the short history of the district, assistance was sought from Shri Vijai Shanker Srivastava, Dy. Director, Archaeological Department Rajasthan whose contribution is gratefully acknowledged.
The Primary CenslIs Abstract, the population profile for all the administrative units of district was first prepared in Regional Tabulation Office Ajmer headed by Shri N. K. Bhargava, Dy. Director who put in his 'Labour of Love' to ensure its timely preparation. In this task he was assisted by Shri T. C. Basandani Investigator.
The PCA and various other tables were scrutinised and finalised for publication under the close super vision and guidance of Shri R. C. Bhargava, Assistant Director by his team of zealous workers headed by Shri R.N. Verma. Their precision and promptitude in delivering goods deserve special mention. The member of the staff in the Art Section did a commendable job, first, under the guidance of Shri M. L. Kumawat, Sr. Geographer, an highly experienced census hand and later under Shri K.S. Thakur, Research Officer. Shri S. R. Luhadia, Deputy Director (Technical) closely watched and guided the preparation of demographic and other maps being included in District Census Handbook volumes. Shri M. M. Goyal, Investigator and official incharge of printing personally looked to various aspects of printing work along with his associates, which has ensured the timely release of volumes and all credit goes to him for getting them through the press. We are also highly thankful to Shri S. C. Sl1ivallare of The Fine Art Printing Press, Ajmer for making special arrangements for printing and supervising personally all processes thereof.
1. C. SRIVASTAVA JAIPUR Director Republic Day, 1 983 Gensus Operations, Rajasthan MEMBERS OF THE STAFF ASSOCIATED WITH THIS WORK
VilJage and Town Directory I. Shri Pratap Singh Statistical Assistant 2. Shri Narain Singh Khejroli Statistical Assistant 3. Smt. Usha Sharma Statistical Assistant 4. Smt. Santosh Malakar Statistical Assistant 5. Km. Nishi Saxena Computor 6. Km. Kusum Lata Yadav Computor 7. Shri Bhagwan Sahai Sankhla Computor 8. Shri Arun Kumar Jain Computor 9. Shri Shyam Narain Bheda Computor 10. Shri Kailash N arain Sharma Computor Primary Census Abstract 1. Shri N. K. Baj Investigator 2. Shri Abdul Waheed Investigator 3. Shri T. C. Basandani Investigator 4. Shri K. B. Sharma Statistical Assistant 5. Shri Gope Raja Statistical Assistant 6. Shri M. L. Sindhi Statistical Assistant 7. Shri V. D. Chandwani Statistical Assistant 8. Smt. Charu Mathur Statistical Assistant 9. Shri Beechittar singh Computor 10. Shri O. P. Badaya Computor 11. Shri N. K. Gupta Computor 12. Shri Mukesh Bhargava Co mputor Maps 1. Shri Autar Singh Sr. Geographer 2. Shri N. R. Sisodla Geographer 3. Shri Mukut Gurla Geographer 4. Shri D. L. Verma Sr. Artist 5. Shri Sardul Singh Artist 6. Shri M. S. Panwar Artist 7. Shri P. K. Sharma Artist 8. Shrl Hem Singh Sr. Draftsman 9. Shri L. L. Padiyar Draftsman 10. Shri lodra Narain Draftsman Typing 1. Shri S. C. Saini Computor 2. Shri S. K. Ajmera Computor 3. Shri Hemandra Tambi Operator Printing 1. Shri Kanhaiya Lal Statistical Assistant 2. Shri R. K. Sharma Proof Reader 3. Shri Simon Paul Proof Reader 4. Shri Tribhuwan Dass Ramawat Computor RAJASTHAN
POPULATiON PROFILE (CENSUS 1981 )
Percentage to Decennial Work Total SI. State/District Area Population Rank Growth Rate Literacy Sex Ratio Participation No. (in sq. km) Population of 1971-81 Rate Rate Rajasthan 1981
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
RAJASTHAN 342,239 34,261,862 100.00 +32.97 24.38 919 30.48
1. Ganganagar 20,634 2,029,9611 3 5.93 +45.62 26.03 874 29.48
2. Bikaner 27,244 848,749 20 2.48 +48.08 28.20 )591 29.31
3. Chucu 16,830 1,179,466 16 3.44 +34.88 21.86 954 29.50
4. Jhunjhunun 5,928 1,211,583 15 3.54 +30.39 28.61 956 25.04
5. Alwar 8,380 1,771,173 5 5.17 +27.32 26.53 892 26.73
6. Bharatpur 8,100 1,884,132 4 5.50 +36.43 26.05 831 27.27
7. Sawai Madhopur 10,527 1,535,870 9 4.48 +28.68 23.23 867 28.86
8. Jaipur 14,068 3,420,574 9.98 +37.79 31.40 894 29.37
9. Sikar 7,732 1,377,245 11 4.02 +32.09 25.43 963 24.62
10. Ajmer 8,481 1,440,366 10 4.20 +25.50 35.30 922 35.83
11. Tonk 7,194 783,635 22 2,29 +25.21 20.56 928 33.87
12. Jaisalmer 38,401 243,082 26 0.71 +45.77 15.80 811 32.09
13. Jodhpuy 22,850 1,667,791 6 4.87 +44,68 26.64 909 30.59
14. Nagaur 17,718 1,628,669 7 4.75 +29.04 19.38 958 33.11
15. Pali 12,387 1,274,504 13 3.72 +31.39 21.87 946 32m
16. Barmer 28,387 1,118,892 17 3.27 +44.41 12.29 904 31.85
17. Jalor 10,640 903,073 18 2.64 +35.20 13.70 942 29.41
18. Sirohi 5,136 542,049 25 1.58 +27.90 20.07 963 29.46
19. Bhilwara 10,455 1,310,379 12 3.82 +24.22 19.79 942 38.50
20. Udaipur 17,279 2,356,959 2 6.88 +30.68 22.01 977 30.13
21. Chittaurgarh 10,856 1,232,454 14 3.60 +30.32 21.94 951 37.81
22. Dungarpur 3,770 682,845 23 1.99 +28.78 18.52 1,045 27.19
23. Banswara 5,037 886,600 19 2.59 +35.44 16.85 984 27.97
24. Bundi 5,550 586,982 24 1.71 +30.72 20.14 887 33.93
25. Kota 12,436 1,559,784 8 4.55 +36.36 32.33 888 30.40
26. Jhalawar 6,219 784,998 21 2.29 +26.21 22.11 926 35.96 FACTS FROM FIGURES
RAJASTHAN BUNDI STATE DISTRICT
POPULATION TOTAL Persons 34,261,862 586,982 Males 17,854,154 311,022 Females 16,407,708 275,960
RURAL Persons 27,051,354 487,153 Males 14,013,454 258,241 Females 13,037,900 228,912
URBAN Persons 7,210,508 99,829 Males 3,840,700 52,781 Females 3,369,808 41,048 DECENNIAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE ( 1971-81) + 32.97 + 30.72
AREA (Sq. km) 342,239 5,550
DENSITY OF POPULATION (Per Sq. km) 100 106
SEX RATIO (Number of Females per 1,000 Males) 919 887
LITERACY RATE Persons 24.38 20.14 Males 36.30 30.10 Females 11.42 8.92
PERCENTAGE OF URBAN POPULATION 21.05 17.01 TO TOTAL POPULATION
PERCENTAGE TO TOTAL POPULATION
( i ) Main Workers Persons 30.48 33.93 Males 49.92 53.56 Females 9.32 11.81
(ii ) Marginal Workers Persons 6.13 3.87 Males 0.98 0.60 Females 11.74 7.55
(iii) Non-Workers Persons 63"39 62.20 Males 49.10 45.84 Females 78.94 80.64
BREAKUP OF MAIN WORKERS:
PERCENTAGE AMONG MAIN WORKERS
( i) Cultivators Persons 61.59 59.43 Males 60.70 59.71 Females 66;75 57.97
(ii) Agricultural Labourers Persons 7.32 9.88 Males 5.89 7.83 Females 15.67 20.40 FACTS FROM FIGURES
RAJASTHAN BUNDI STATE DISTRICT
(iii) Household Industry Persons 3.26 2.58 Males 3.33 2.73 Females 2.82 1.84
(iv) Other Workers Persons 27.83 28.11 Males 30.08 29.73 Females 14.76 19.79
PERCENTAGE OF SCHEDULED CASTES Persons 17.04 18.91 POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION Males 17.10 18.88 Females 16.98 18.93
PERCENTAGE OF SCHEDULED TRIBES Persons 12.21 20.11 POPULATION TOTAL POPULATION Males 12.05 20.17 Females 12.39 20.04
NUMBER OF OCCUPIED 5,726,680 103,078 RESIDENTIAL HOUSES
SUB-DIVISIONS 83 2
TEHSILS 197 4
PANCHAYAT SAMITIES 236 4
NUMBER OF VILLAGES Total 37,124 737 Inhabited 34,968 725 Uninhabited 2,156 12
NUMBER OF TOWNS 201 5
NET AREA SOWN (In hectares) ( 1979-80 ) 14,206,683 231,521
NET IRRIGATED AREA (In hectares) ( 1979-80) 3,308,273 113,378
COLLEGES (No.) ( 1979-80) 269 2
SECONDARY/HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOLS (No.) (1979-S0) 2,168 36
MIDDLE SCHOOLS (No.) ( 1979-80 ) 5,175 89
PRIMARY AND PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOLS (No. ( 1979-S0) 21,313 450
ROADS (km) (1979-80) 40,399 885
TOWNS/VILLAGES ELECTRIFIED (No.) ( As on 31-3-80 ) 13,831 224
WELLS ELECTRIFIED ( up to 1979-80 ) 183,238 17,35 1981 CENSUS-PUBLICATION PLAN
The Rajasthan 1981 Census Publications, Series 18 in All India Series, will be published in the following parts
Government of India Publications
Part I-A Administration Report -Enumeration ~ For official use only Part I-B Administration Report-Tabulation ) Part II-A General Population Tables Part II-B Primary Census Abstract Part III General Economic Tables Part IV Social and Cultural Tables Part V Migration Tables Part VI Fertility Tables Part VII Tables on Houses and Disabled Population Part VIII Household Tables Part IX Special Tables on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Part X-A Town Directory Part X-B Survey Reports on selected towns
Part X-C Survey Report 011 selected villages Part XI Ethnographic Notes and special studies on Scheduled Castes and Sch<:duled Tribes Part XII Census Atlas
G ov ernmcnt of Rajasthan Publications
Part XII-A Administrative Atlas Part XIII-A & B District Census Handbook (I (Village and Town Directory and Primary Cerisus Abstract) RAJASTHAN
DISTRICT SUNOl c
KILOMETRES 5 0 10 IS ••• I
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eASED UPON SURVEY Of IN DIA MAP WITH THE ~ GOV ERNMENT OF INDIA COPYRIGHT1 lilt. WMI SSIO NOf THE S~RVEYOR GENERAL Of INDIA. DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK BUNDI DIS'fRICT
CONTENTS
PAGES
Ci) FOREWORD (iii) PREFACE (v) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AN INTRODUCTORY NOTE (xv) BUNDI DISTRICT-A PROFILE (xvii) HISTORY OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK (xxv) SCOPE OF VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY AND PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (xxvi) CENSUS CONCEPTS (xxxii) ANALYTICAL NOTE--PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (xxxviii) CENSUS HOUSE AND DISABLED PERSONS (Iii) ANALYTICAL NOTE-VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY (liii)
PART A-VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY
SECTION I-VILLAGE DIRECTORY
Codes used for denoting various amenities in village directory. 5 VILLAGE DIRECTORY (with map of tehsil and alphabetical list of villages)
1. Hindoli Tehsil 7 2. Nainwa Tehsil 23 3. Bundi Tehsil 39 4. Keshoraipatan Tehsil 03
APPENDICES
Appendix I-Tehsilwise abstract of Educational, Medical and Other amenities. 82 Appendix II-Land utilisation data in respect of Non-municipal Towns (Census Town). 86 Appendix Ill-Tehsilwise list of inhabited villages where no amenities are available. 86 AppendiK IV-Tehsilwise list of "Villages according to the proportion of Scheduled. S7 Castes and Scheduled Tribes to the total population by ranges.
SECTION II-TOWN DIRECTORY
Codes used for denoting various amenities in town directory. 104
TOWN DIRECTORY
Statemetlt- I Status and Growth History. 106 Statement - II Physical aspects and Location of Towns, 1979. 109 Statement -III Municipal Finance, 1978·79. 110 Statement - IV Civic and other Amenities, 1 979. 112 Staternent- V Medical, Educational, Recreational and Cultural facilities, 1 979. 114 Statement-VI Trade, Commerce, Industry and Banking, 1979 116 APPENDIX
Towns showing their out-growth with population. 120 ( xiv)
PAGES
PART B-PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT
DISTRICT PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 122
VILLAGE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 1. Hilldoli Tehsil 126 2. Nainwa Tehsil 134 3. BUlldi Tehsil 142 4. Keshoraipatall Tehsil 156
URBAN PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 1. Nainwa Town 166 2. BUl1di Town 166 3. Lakheri Town 168 4. Kaprain Town 168 5. Keshoraipatan Town 170
APPENDICES Appendix 1-- Total Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population--Urban Blockwise. 175 Appendix II -Village classified by population sizes 182
SPECIAL PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT FOR SCHEDULED CASTES & SCHEDULED TRIBES 1 . List of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes-Rajasthan 195 2. Special District Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Castes. }'96 3. Special District Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Tribes. 200
SPECIAL ANNEXURES Notes on Special Annexures 207 Special Annexure I-Panchayat Samitiwise Abstract of Village Directory 208 Special Annexure II-Panchayat Samitiwise Primary Census Abstract 210 AN INTRODUCTORY NOl'E
The series of District Census Handbooks has been prepared after compilation and tabulation of data collected through Individual Slip and Household Schedule on full count basis for which nearly 1,500 workers were engaged for a period extending to more than 12 months. For the first time, an attempt has been made in the series to bring out demographic and other data in diglot, Hindi and English, for a more beneficial use by data users of all categories. Hindi being the official language of the State, a Hindi version of the analytical notes has also been added with a view to cater to the needs of all sections of readers.
As a necessary corollary to the Handbooks, Panchayat Samities, the basic administrative units of development administration and planning have been listed out separately in relation to those districts only wherein they are not coterminous with their tehsils and information relating to their population figures as well as amenities available in each village located in their jurisdiction will be presented in a separate volume under the title, Supplement to District Census Handbook (Panchayat Samiti). However, for reference, in the main District Census Handbook, a list of villages forming part of each non-coterminous Pallchayat Samiti has been provided along with the abstracts of population and amenities for such Panchayat Samities as a whole in the form of Special Annexures.
Another new feature of the present series is the depiction of villages falling in various population ranges by their total population figures for 1981 Census.
In addition to new items like uses of electricity and nearest communication points, information for which was not collected in 1971 Census, a specific note on each district covering general information regarding its history, topography, physiography, administrative set-up and places of tourist and historic importances etc., has also been included with a view to provide comprehensive and more purposeful information about the district as a whole. Population figures of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes constituting the core of 'Weaker-Section' have been presented at districtjtehsil/town level so as to facilitate planning for their welfare both at micro 1.nd macro levels.
It is earnestly hoped that the District Census Handbook will serve its purpose for planners, administrators of welfare schemes and other data users in general.
BUNOI DISTRICT -A PROFILE
Historical Backdrop of the District of 215.6 sq. kill. and all the 144 villages with an area of 1319.6 sq. km. were transferred from the The region of Bundt has a gloriou~ pa&t. Early former Talera to Bundi tehsil. During 1971-81 man lived here, as is evidenced by the discovery of inter-tehsil transfers again took place as a sequel to early stone age tools. Material remains of the pre which two villages namely Jajawar and Takla (area Christian times from Keshoraipatan as well as the 53.66 sq. km.) were transferred from Hindoli to sc.ulptural heritage from the same site belonging to Nainwa tehsil. post-Gupta and subsequent periods speak of the glorious by-gone days. The remains of the mediaeval temples in the area are examples of fine art and 5. Bundi district may be roughly described as architecture. Inscribed stone tablets, scattered throu an irregular rhombus. It is situated in the south-east ghouuhe district tell the history of the region. of Rajasthan. It lies between 24° 59' 1 I I, and With the inception of the princely state in Bundi by 25° 53' 11" north latitudes and 75° 91' 30" and Hadas, a branch of the celebrated Chauhans, Rajput 76° 19' 30" east longitudes. It is bounded in the monuments in the form of fort and palaces came into north by Tonk district, in the west by Bhilwara existence. Bundi artists have played a prominent district, in the south by Chittaurgarh district and in role in the evolution of early Rajasthani paintings. the south-east by Kota district. The river Chambal The mLlral tradition as preserved in the Chitrashala of forms the south-eastern boundaries and separates the. palaces here are sp~cimens of artistic excellence. Bundi from Kota. The Central Bundt range passes through the centre of Bund, and divides it into two equal halves viz. north-western and south-eastern part:;,. 2. Bundi is located in a narrow valley called Bandu-ka-Nal and is said to have been named after 6. Bundi comprises of two sub-divisiol1& and Bunda, a Meena chieftain. Around 1342 A. D. Rao four tehsils as under: Dewa (Dev! Singh) Hada is reported to have conque red this territory from the Meenas and named it 'Hadoti' (Haroti) He established his kingdom here by Name of Sub-Division Name of Tehsil erecting the city of Bundi in the centre of the valley. 2 Rao Dewa (Devi Singh) was the founder of present Bundi, was followed by 24 rulers in the erstwhile 1. Bundi Bundi princely state who ruled over this territory. Keshoraipatan -.J Nainwa Nainwa Hindoli 3. In the year 1947 soon after independence, Bundi was merged into the Indian union. In March, 1948 Bundi alongwith the other south-eastern states 7. The Collector and District Magistrate is the of Rajasthan merged il1to the then United States of administrative head of the district. Each sub-division Rajasthan. In 1950 it was integrated into the is under the charge of a Sub-divisional Officer while present State;: of Rajasthan after which it was given each tehsil is under the charge and supervision of a the status of full-fledged district and placed under the Tehsildar who is also vested with powers of an administrative control of a Collector and District Executive Magistrate. Magistrate. 8. With the ushering in of the Panchayat Raj 4. No inte?'Wistrict or inter-tehsil tranf,fer of 111 the State, four Panchayat Samities viz; Hindoli, terri~ories took place during the inter-censal period Nainwa, Talera and Keshoraipatan have been func 19 5.1 ~6 1. However, in 1961-71 twenty villages were tioning in the district. The Panchayat Samities arc transferred from Bundi to Hindoli tchsil with an area guided by Zila Parishad under the chairmanship of XVIII
the Zila Pramukh and administratively s!Jpcrviseo the di~trjct is 76.41 ems. July, August and Septem by the Collector of the district who is an ex-officio ber arc the monsoon months as in many other parts District Development Officer. The aim of the of the State. Panchayat Samities is to promote developmental activitie~ at th; hlock level and oversee implcl1lcilla Gcology and Minerals tion in regard to some of the schemes. 13. The roch of the district belong mainly to Physiography the Aravalli and Vindhyall Super Groups, which are separated by (he Great Boundary Fault of Rajasthan. 9. The most distinguIshing feature of this Geologically the rocks belong to the metamorphic region is a double line of hills running through the series of Archaean rocks and consist of gneiss, district in the north-east and south-west directions. schists, histita quartzites and limestone with fragment This range is moslly made up of Vindhyan rocks hindings of marble and granite. The northern plain and is characterised by hills .1I1d ridges varying in is occupied by slates, phyllites, intercalated with height between 300 and 1,7 <) 3 feet above ~ea level. quartzitic and dolomitic marble. In the Bundi area, The highest peak of this range is at Sathoor in rocks of Kaimur, Rewa and Bhander groups, compri Hindoli tehsil which is 1,793 feet above the sea sing salld stone, shales and limestones are also found. level. 14. Bundi i~ not particularly rich in minerals. 10. The district is divided by the Celllral However, mining is the major industry which cmploys Bundi range into two parts i.e., north-we!>tern and a substantial number of persons in the district. The south-eastern. The north-western part of the district building material like sandstone (patties and slabs), is mostly hilly with h:ud and stony soil while the limcstone, clay and marble are available in abundance south-eastern plains have generally rich black loamy in the district and are being quarried extensively. The soil. The soil of the district is generally shallow and coloured sand-~tone is found near Talera and Bundi overgrown with forests. Soils of plain area are rich in Dhanesar area. Some small deposits of sand-stone and fertile from agricultural point of view. The State are also found in Talwa~ and Arnetha (Nainwa tehsil). Agriculture Department, Rajasthan has classified soils The lime-stone deposits are situated near Lakheri town and exploited by the Associated Cement Co. of this district into 12 series. - Ltd,. Impure dolomitic marble is quarried on a large ~calc near Umar in Hindoli tehsil. Another important 11. The Chambal, the mo~t important river mineral silica (glass sand) is found in large quantities in the region, forms the border lille between Bundi near village Barodiya of Hindoli tehsil and is exported and Kota districts. Among the small rivers Mez, outside the State. Minor deposits of iron are found Mangli, Bajan, Eais and Talera are all tributaries of ncar village Luharpura (Nainwa tehsil) and Bheru the river Chambal and genel ally flow during rainy pura Antri (Hindoli tehsil) and of copper near village sca~on. Almo:>t all the nver~ flow in the south Talwas of Nainwa tehsil. Another mineral-barytes ea:>tern region of Bundi which is known as 'Bawan which is lIsed for manufacturing drilling muds, Bayalisa' of the district. The underground water pigments and used in other industries such as leather, kvel varies immensely in different parts of the district textile and paper is found in large quantities near fro 111 20 to 90 feet. Umar (Hindoli tehsil) in the district.
Climate Forest, .Flora and ]<'auna 15. The forest areas cover about I 17,359 12. The climate of Bundi district is moderate hectares of the dIstrict. The forest can be divided and difference in elevation is not so large as to vary into five ranges viz; Bundi, Nainwa, Hilldoli, Baroon the climate to any con~iderable extent whithin the dhan and Kaprain. The forests of the district fal~ district. January is the coldest month with the under the subsidiary edaphic type of 'Tropical Dry minimum temperatureof27.350Cwhile May and June Deciduous' forest according to Champion's classifi arc the hottest months during which period maximum cation. The hills are, however, well-stocked with temperature reaches upts 40.SoC. The normal rainfall of forests. The principal spl!cies arc: Dhokra (Anogeissus xix
pendula) and Kher (Acacia catechu). Other species 19. The above figures of land utilisation show found arc Babul (Acacia arabica), Beri (Zizyphus that the area of cultivable waste is decreasing and jujuba), Salar (Boswellia serrata), Khirni (Wrightia correspondingly the net area sown in the district has tomentosa), Tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon) and Khejra been enlarged over the years. (Prospis specigera). The forest is a valuable source of timber, charcoal, grass, honey and gum. Katha is Crop Pattern extracted from the 'Kher' trees. Khirni wood is exten sively used for making wooden-toys while tendu leaves 20. Rabi crop makes a significant contribution are utilised for' beedi' making. The leaves of Dhokra to the total agricultural production mainly due to the arc used for tanning leather while its wood provides fact that a very large part of the district has a loam props, rafters and agricultural implements for local ~oil which retains sufficient moisture after the rains lise. The forest nurseries set up by Forest Department to meet the needs of 'Rabi' crops. Moreover, with have developed exotic varieties like. Eucalyptus the spread of irrigational facilities which doubtless hybrid and the well-known medicinal plant Sarpa lessen the dependence of crops on winter rains has gandh~ (Rauwolfia serpcntina_). The attempts at accentuated the tendency towards growing the Rabi afforestation undertaken earlier have shown perce Crops. ptible improvements in the forest cover over the y~ars. 2 I. Out of the total area under crops during 16. Bundi forests abound in a variety of fauna. 1979-S0 about 66.06 per cent area was under creals, Black bears (Ursus Jabiatus), panthers (Panthera J 7.37 per cent pulses, 13.06 per cent oil seeds and pardus) wild bears are found in fairly good number the remaining 2.97 per cent area was used for in the forests of the district. The fauna .in growing other crops including sugarcane. The major the district also include black buck (Antilope bc crops of the district during 1979-80 in order of zoartica), I ndian gazelle or chinkara (Antilope production are sugarcane, wheat, gram, rice, maize, arabica), bekra (Antilope quadricornis), Nilagai or barley, jowar etc. Among the Rabi crops wheat blue bull (Antilope tragocamelus), Sambhar (Cervus contributed 5.01 per l:ent gram ..J..6 4 per cent and hippelaphus) and Chital (Cervus axis). 5esamum 3.66 per cent of the total produchan of the ) 7. Other animals found in the forest area of State during 1979-S0. Among the Kharif crops the the district are the common Indian hare (Lepus sugarcane contributed 2S .16 per cent jowar 2.95 ruficandatus), red lynx (Felis caracal) and the hyaena per cent of the total production of the State during (Hyaena striata). the same period. Land Use IS. The reported area for land utilisation in 22. The fruit cultivation has also assumed the district was 5,5S,27S hectarcs in 1979-S0. The importance in the district. Several orchards have utilisation of land during the same period was as been established in Bundi and its environs. The under: fruit trees grown include the orange, sweet-lemon, -----~~ -----_ sweet-lime, pomegranate, guava and mango. Lund-use Area in Percentage to hectares total area Tenancy 1. Forests 1,17,359 21.02 2. Land put to non-agri- 23. Tenancy in the State is governed by the cultural u~e 33,966 6.0S Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955. It is one of the most 3. Barren and unculti- important and progressive laws relating to agrarian vated land SO,497 14.42 reforms. The provisions of the Act apply in respect 4. Other uncult iva tcd of land held by tenants as if the State Government land excluding fallow were the land holder acting through the Tehsildars. land 23,261 4.17 In relation to the land held by him every cultivator 5. Culturable waste 30,703 5.50 is either a tenant or a sub-tenant or an allottee or a 6. Fallow land 40,971 7.34 trespasser. A tenant is one who is required to pay 7. Net area sown 2,31,521 41.47 some rent on account of use and occupation of land let out to him for agricultural or allied purposes. Total 5,58,278 100.00 Grantee with a favourable rate of rent, ijardar,
-~---- ;~ thekedar or trespasser is not considered a tenant. xx )
24. There are following classes of tenants: crushing machines) in the district according to Live (a) Khatedar tenant. stock Census 1977. (b) Maliks, (c) Tenant of Khudkasht, and Irrigation (d) Ghair-Khatedar tenant. 30. The total net irrigated area during 1979-80 was 1,13,378 hactares or about 48.97 percent of the 25. A Khatedar tenant is cntitkd to all the net area sown in the district. The irrigational facilities rights conferred and subject to all the liabilities in the district being meagre, agriculture is largly imposed on Khatedar tenant by the Rajasthan Tenancy dependent upon rains in most parts of the district. Act. On the date of coming into force of Rajasthan The principal sources of irrigation in the district are Tenancy Act, a Zamindar or a Biswedar holding canals, wells and tanks. The canals are the major Khudkasht was treated as a Khatedar tenant irrespective sources of irrigation covering 68. I Oper cent of the total of whether he was or not in occupation on the date irrigated area in the district. About 2 J • 79per cent area of vesting. IS irrigated by wells while tanks cover 9.69 per cent of the irrigated area. The remaining irrigated area 0.4 2 per cent 26. Malik is a Zamindar or Biswedar who has comes under other sources of irrigation e.g. pumping become Malik of Khudkasht land held by him on sets etc., Several rivers flowing in or through district abolition of Zamindari and Biswedari in 1959. The carry rain waters in the rainy season to storage dams word Malik was also added to section 1 4 of the which have been constructed at various places for Rajasthan Tenancy Act to classify it as a class of irrigation purposes. tenant. Section 1 3 of the Act provides that a Malik is entitled to all the rights conferred and is subject to 31. Some of the important irrigation projects all the lia bilities imposed on Khatcdar tenant and so in the district are Gudha, Bundi-ka-Gothra, Pech-ki in substance this class of tenancy is nothing but a Baori, Paivapura, Talwas and Bhilmet. The first Khatedar tenant. three storage dams are situated in Bindoli Tehsil while Paivapura and Talwas dams are located in 27. As Zamindars and Biswedars holding Nainwa and Bhilmet dam in Bundi Tehsil respectively, Khudkasht were treated as Khatcdar tenants, a tenant of khudkasht is essentially a sub-tenant in view of Animal Husbandry the fact that a sub-tenant is also eligible for protection of his cultivatory rights even against Khatedar tenants. 32. The total number of livestock in the Every tenant of land other than a Khatedar tenant, a district at the time of Livestock Census of 1977 was tenant of Khudkasht or a sub-tenant is a Ghair around 799,554 whereas the corresponding figures in Khatedar tenant. 1972 were, 7,9 1,395. This shows that there was 1.03 per cent increase in livestock during the quinquen 28. A trespasser is a person who takes or niaI1972-77. Out of the total livestock in 1977, retains possession of land without authority or who 42.65 percent were cattle, 12.12 per cent buffaloes, prevents another person from occupying land duly 32.20 per cent goats, ) 1.83 per cent sheep, 0.16 per let out to him by the State. After regularisation the cent horses and ponies, 0.23 per cent donkeys. trespasser becomes an allottee. An allottee is treated 0.28 per cent camels, 0.5 per cenl pigs and negligible as a Ghair-Khatedar tenant on whom sub-divisional number of mules. The total poultry in the district Officer shall suo-moto confer khatedari rights after in the same year was about 26,279 out of which ten years of allotment provided that the allottee 26,250 (99.89 per cent) were fowls and 29 (0.11 per fulfils all the terms and conditions of allotment cen ) ducks only. during this period. Similar is the case of those alJottees who were otherwise allotted land by the 33. There are SIX veterinary hospitals at State Government. Bundi, Keshoraipatan, Talera Nainwa Dei and Hindoli. Three dispensaries also function at Lakheri, Kaprain and Gedoli (Keshoraipatun tehsil) There is Agricultural Implements and Machinery one key village unit at Bundi in the distriet under 29. There were 57,914 ploughs, 30,973 carts, which five sub-centres are functioning. A mobile 1,475 sugarcane crushers, 491 tractors, 1,645 oil dispensary functions in the district. A Sheep and engines, 561 electric pumps and 177 Ghanies (oil Wool Extension Centre is also running at Nainwa. ( xxi
Power and Electricity Most of these unions exist at Bundi and are generally inactive due to the small size of industrial units in 34. Two electric sub stations, one each at the district. Lakheri and Nainwa have been installed in the dist rict. Bundi itself has an electric power house which Trade and Commerce has four diesel generating sets with 440 kw. installed capacity. The Lakheri Cement Works has its. own 39. The main items of export include cement, power house at Lakheri with an installed capacity of linseed, Zeera (Cumin Seed) silica, oil, hides and more than 8400 kw. which meets the requirement of skins, sugar and tendu leaves beedi while general the factory and also supplies power to other areas of marchandise goods are generally imported into the the town to a certain extent. The power house at district. Bundi, Keshoraipatan, Kaprain, Nainwa, Nainwa is owned by the municipality. Its generating Hindoli, Talera are some of the important marketing capacity is limited to meet the needs of the town centres in the district where transactions in various adequately. commodities are conducted throughout the year.
Industries and Labour 40. There were 19 branches of scheduled 35. District Bundi is industrially undeveloped commercial banks and 7 co-operative banks in the due to lack of power, other resources and means of district by the end of December, 1980. Out of 19 transportation. The Associated Cement Co., Ltd. commercial banks, 13 were functioning in the rural Lakheri is the only large-scale industrial unit in the areas and 6 in semi-urban areas. The deposits and district which is perhaps one of the biggest cement advances of the commercial banks amounted to manufacturing concerns of the country and provides Rs. 745 and Rs. 514 lakhs respectively in the same employment to more than 2,000 workers. period. Besides the Bank of Rajasthan Ltd., the Central Co-operative Bank and the Land Mortgage 36. The main cottage industries carried on in Bank with their branches at Bundi town have helped the district are weaving, dyeing, printing, pottery, in boosting the trade of the district. carpentry, black-smithy, leather tanning, oil crushing, lac bangles, toys, shoes, 'beedi' and beedi making. 41. Prohibition programme was imposed in all Besides these cottage industries which are commonly the four tehsil of the district since Oct. 1977. found throughout the district, a few small-scale indus However, there were two shops dealing in Indian trial units have come into existence in the district over Made Foreign Liquor and 46 in Hempdrugs during the years .. These inter-alia, include sugar manufactur 1979-80. During the year under review, 1,341 kg. ing factories, flour and oil mills, cotton ginning and Bhang, 7,934 lit1'es Indian Made Spirit and 1,898 pressing mills and beedi making factories. During litres Indian Made Beer was consumed in the district. 1980, there were 79 registered factories in the district Prohibition has now been lifted throughout the employing 3,329 persons. Three Industrial Areas district. have been set up in the district by Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corpo 42. There were three cinema houses in the ration Limited. district with a seating capacity of 1,547 during 1979-80 while eight petrol pumps were functioning 37. There are two labour welfare centres func in the district during year 1980. tioning at Bundi and Lakheri respectively. These centres, inter-alia, provide recreational facilities inclu ding indoor and outdoor games, radio etc. The 43. In 1980, one employment exchange at Bundi was functioning in the district. At the women are taught knitting, embroidery and tailoring at these centres. The adult literacy classes are also end of the year 1980, there were 3,740 applicants held at these centres. on the live register in the district which were 3,510 a year back. Out of the total 174 vacancies notified in the district in 1980, 87 were filled, 38. There are as many as twelve trade unions of which 56 in the State Government, 28 in in! ,the district. Among these the most active trade Quasi-Govt. and Local Bodies and only 3 in Central ul1io~is Lakheri Cement Kamgar Sangh at Lakheri. Government services. ( xxii
Education kilometre of roads in 1979-80 of which 61.24 per cent of roads were painted, 5.31 per cent metalled, 44. Among the educational institutions availa 10.28 per cent gravelled and the rest 23.17 per cent ble in the district during 1979-80 were 2 colleges consisted of fair weather and dressed up tracks. During (one each of general and professional education), 36 1979-80 about 23 road transport routes involving a higher secondary and secondary schools, 89 middle distance of 3,897 kilometre were nationalised in the schools, 450 primary schools and one professional district. school. These educational institutions had 46,586 boys and 12,486 girl scholars on their rolls, while 48. There were in all 2,518 registered motor they were manned by 1,816 male and 391 female vehicles in the district, of which 236 were private cars teachers. The ratio of scholars and teachers in and jeeps, 943 motor cycles, tri-cycles & scooters, 1979-80 was 59,072 and 2,207 respectively or 27 II taxies, 123 Stage carriages vehicles, 244 public scholars per teacher. During the period under review, and private vehicles, 938 tractors and trailers and 23 there were four scholars' hostels in the district other vehicles during 1980. which housed about 215 students including t 20 Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe candidates. 49. The district is connected by the broad A sum of Rs. 2.49 lakhs was awarded by way of gauge of Western Railways. The railway line scholarship to the students belonging to Scheduled connecting Kota with Sawai Madhopur passes Castes and Scheduled Tribes studying in pre and post through GurIa, Bundi Road, Arnetha, Kaprain, matric classes in the year under reference. Ghata-ka-Barana, Laban and Lakheri stations of the district. All the important places of the district are Medical and Public Health connected with the bus routes. 45. There were, in all, 32 Government allopathic medical institutions in the district during 1979. 50. There were 161 post offices, 2 telegraph offices, 2 telephone exchanges and 5 public call These institutions consisted of 2 general hospitals, 23 offices in the district during 1979-80. dispensaries, 4 primary health centres and 3 M. C. W. centres. The general hospital at Bundi was fully Local Bodies and Co-operative Movement equipped with a laboratory, X-ray facilities, a dental clinic and anti-rabic centre. There was one Ayurvedic 5 1. There are five municipalities one each at hospital at Bundi town with 10 beds in the district Bundi, Lakheri, Nainwa, Keshoraipatan and Kaprain during 1979-80. In addition to this 39 Ayurvedic towns in the district. Besides the district has 4 dispensaries were found functioning in the district Panchayat Samities, 137 village Panchayats. These during the same period. Local Bodies cover 737 villages with a rural popu lation of about 4.87 lakhs in the district. The chief 46. There were six family welfare centres in sources of income of these local bodies are octroi, the district during 1979-80. Two centres were in cattle-pond fees, weighing fees, sale price of licence urban areas while four were functioning in the rural fees and grants provided by the state government. areas of the district. In all 11,176 indoor patients The main items of expenditure, inter-alia, include (1) and 393,943 outdoor patients were treated in the establishment charges on office, octroi and sanitation district in 1979 through Government Medical etc. (2) public health; (3) street light, public works, Institutions controlled by the Medical Department primary education, public amenities and (4) miscell of the State. aneous items.
Transport and Communication 52. In the year 1979-80 the district had 213 co-operative societies with a membership of 9 I ,089 47. Bundi district being predominantly hilly, and Rs. 613.17 and Rs. 2,493,85 lakhs as share the area generally lacks facilities for transport and and working capital respectively. The loans advanced communication throughout the district. With the and recoveries made by the credit societies amounted increasing length of road mileage the motor transport to Rs.776.91 and Rs.797.48 Iakhs respectively has made repaid progress over the year. Even so during the same period. The co-operative societies the bullock cart remains the chief mode of conveyance consisted of one central co-operative bank, one for carrying goods and passengers in the rural areas central non-credit society, 119 agricultural credit of the district. The district had a network of 885 societies, 19 agriculture non-credit societies, one ( xxiii )
primary land mortgage bank, 12 non-agricultural Fairs and Festivals . credit societies, 33 non-agricultural non-credit 58. With the changing pattern of social life societies. Besides, 27 societies were found under the significance of fairs and festivals too has been liquidation in the district. changing with more and more emphasis on their commercial utility and importance on tourist attraction. Other Developmental Activities Besides, the fairs are an important source of enjoy 53. In the context of various socio-economic ment and entertainment to the persons in general and development schemes under the Five Year Plans, the a source of income to the local bodies in particular. State Government have initiated certain special Most of the fairs held at various places in the district schemes for the provision of drinking water in drought are generally seasonal and religious. Among the affected and rainfall deficient areas in the district. fairs the more famous ones are (I) Chamunda-Mata For this purpose hand pumps are being installed, old ka-mela, Taragarh; (2) Jhojuju-ka-Mela, Bundi; wells and 'Baories' are being energised in the rural as (3) Kartik Mela, Keshoraipatan; (4) Shivratri fair, well as· urban areas of the district. During 1980-81 Hindoli; (5) Tejaji-ka-Mela and Dol-yatra fairs at under the existing schemes in 60 villages, 157 hand Bundi. pumps have been installed to make available drinking water to the rural masses and in 120 villages such 59. The main festivals among Hindus are pumps are under installation. In 1 980-81, about Deepawali, Holi, Dashera, Gangaur, Teej, Raksha Rs. 92.7 thousand have been spent for this purpose Bandhan, Makar-Sakranti and Janmashtami and in 1 8 Harijan Basties in the district. Mahavir Jayanti while Muslims observe Idul-fitr Idul-zuha, Bara-wafat, Shab-e-rat and Ramzan. ' 54. Besides, during the year 1980-81, under the Regional Tribal Development Schemes, Rs. 10.06 Places of Historical, Archaeological Importance and lakhs have been sanctioned for the construction of Tourist Interests 72 wells in the district. A sum of Rs. 2.05 lakhs has 60. Bundi is one of the most picturesque towns been sanctioned for the construction of 53 wells for of the State and is well known for its scenic beauty relief operations in the district. and landscape. In and around Bundi there are several . places of historical and archaeological importance. 55. The Bundi municipality has started an The prominent ones are mentioned below:- old-age pension scheme for the benefit of old persons. Under this scheme about 300 old persons have been Bundi-ka-Mahal selected in Bundi town for the award of old-age pension in the district during 1980-81. Among Rajasthan boasts of many fine palaces, and the these, 50 old persons have been granted old age palace of Bundi claims a place of pride among them pension. for its situation as well as splendour. It is an aggregate of palaces, built by Hara kings and rulers during their reign and altogether it represents grandeur 56. Under the Drought Relief Operations, in of the hoary past and architectural excellence. Near all 143 relief works were sanctioned for the district the Chhatar Mahal Chowk is located the Hatiasal during 1980-81 for which a sum of Rs. 76.071akhs where astronomical instruments are displayed. A has been ear-marked. About 3,865 persons were chamber nearby Hatiasal enclose within itself beautiful engaged in these relief wo rks throughout the district mural p::'.intings. Another great attraction of this during the period under review. pabce is 'Chitrashala' whose walls are covered with beautiful paintings, d~picting religous, historical and . 57. Under the N:ltion:.,l Employment Scheme, hunting scenes rich in artistry and blended in diffe var~ous. development projects viz.. school and ayur rent soft and fine colours. vedIc dl5pensary buildings, 'Panchayat Bhawan' and construction of wells are under con:;truction in the Taragarh Fort ·rural and urban areas in the district. A sum of Rs. 6.62 lakhs was sanctioned during 1980-81 for This famous fort is sjtuated 011 the hIlls 600 the p~rp?se of completing 48 incomplete projects in feet above the ground level in the north of Bundi. It the dlstnct. is stated to have been built by Rolo Raja Bar Singh ( xxiv)
tn 1354 A. D. This historical monument which is a Religious places magnificent structure is an important tourist attraction in the district. 61. There are many temples at Bund!, Hmdoli Ramesilwaram and Keshoraipatan in the district. Among the religious places the more well-known are Charbhuja Mandir This is a beautiful spot situated in the thick and Chauth Mataji- ka-Mandir at Bundi, Shri Laxmi forests of the valley betw~en two mountain ridges nathji, Shri Charbhujaji and Kalyanraiji temples about 14 km. llOrth-west of Bundi. It has a great at Hindoli, Keshorai temple at Keshoraipatan and religious importance because of the existence of Shiv Rakta Danti-ka-Mataji at Sathoor (Hindoli tehsil). Temple here. The water of a stream falls on a group of 'Shiv Lingas' from a height of about 200 feet. 62. Apart from the palaces and temples ment This water fall has a bewitching beauty of its own ioned above, other places worth-seeing in the district which is enhanced by the natural caves of the forest are Phool Sagar, Shikar Burj, Rani-ki-Baori, Suder overgrowth. There is a famous cave nearby this place. ghat, Sukh Maha1. Jait Sagar and Chourasi-Khambon A fair is held at this place every year for the worship ki-Chhatri. of the deity. HISTORY OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
Prior to 195 I, Census Reports were printed time in 1961 Census the maps for the district and for the whole province/state. The idea of preparing tehsils were also included in the District Census the District Census Handbooks seperately for each Handbooks. district was conceived during 195 I. Census as part of a plan intended to secure an effective method of 4. In 1971 Census series of District Census preserving the Census data below the district level. Handbooks villagewise 'Village Directory' giving The idea was that all the district census tables should services, facilities or amenities available in the village be bound together in a single volume called the was given. For towns 'Town Directory' was introduced District Census Handbook. Since then the District for the first time giving useful information in respect Census Handbooks are being published regularly. of every town of the district. Rural Primary Census Abstract upto village level and Urban Primary Census 2. The 1951 Census serie:> of District Census Abstract upto block level were given in District Census Handbooks was printed in two parts. Part-I contains Handbooks. While the District, Tehsil and Town five General Population Tables (A Series), three maps were included, the inclusion of Census Tables Economic Tables (B Series), five Household and Age was dispensed within the District Census Handbooks Table lC Series), seven Social and Cultural Tables of in 197 I census. (D Series). In Part-II of District Census Handbook "Primrry Census Abstract and Village Directory" 5. The scope of 1981 series of District Census which show the basic populatian figures for each Handbooks has been enlarged specially in relation to village or town classified by livelihood classes, were in amenities and land-use pattern. Apart from new items cluded along with some information of general nature. like uses of electricity, details of communication points intormation for which was not collected in 3. The 1961 Census series of District Census 1971 Census, a note on each district covering general Handbooks were printed in single volume in which information on its history, topography, flora, fauna Primary Census Abstract up-to village and town/ward and administrative set up etc. has also been added. level and Village Directory upto village level were given. The format of the Primary Census Abstract has also Besides, some official statisties collected from various been restructured in the light of changes in economic state departments, four General Populatiou Tables and other questions canvassed in the 1 98 1 census but (A Series), sixteen Economic and Household Tables at the same time, all efforts have been made to retain (B Series), seven Social and Cultural Tables (C Series), comparability with 1971 Census data, The inclusion four Housing Tables (E Series) and eight Special Tables of Special Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled for Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes were also Castes and Tribes at the Tehsil/Town level is another provided in District Census Handbooks. For the first innovation introduced in 1981 Census series. SCOPE OF VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY AND PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT
I. In Part-A of the District Census Hand 3. Various anteilltics like drinking wat~r, Book, named as Villages and Town Directory, an communication, post and telegraphs etc. have been attempt has been made to present information shown against the name of the referrent vilbge if they regarding various amenities/facilities available in every are available within the village with the help of rural/urban unit of the State. The unit of the rural various codes. The code structure relating to various area is village and that of urban area is town/urban columns has been given in the beginning of Section-I agglcmeration. Information regarding rural areas to Part-A of this book. The number of each type and Census Towns has been gathered through of amenity has be~n indicated in parenthesis after Patwaries while that in respect of urban areas other the suitable code in case of educational, medical, than Census Towns has been collected through post and telegraph facilities. the concerned Municipality/Cantonment Board/ Notified Area Committee. In order to h.lve the 4. If any amenity is not available within the aforesaid information authenticated, the concerned village a dash (._ ) has been shown in the relevant departments and agencies were also contacted to column and next to it, the distance of the nearest furni~h information with them. All the information place from the reierrent village where the facility is gathered amenities relate to year 1980 and those available has been given in broad distance ranges viz. pertaining to land-use pattern pertain to Sam vat -5 km, 5 ---10 km & 10+km. year 2036 i.e. the Agricultural year ending on 30th June, 1980. 5. The following pattern has been adopted for Village Directory indicating the educational institutions.
2. It will be helpfu: at [he Oll 1set to havt.: ~tn idea (i) Schools upto class V have been treated as of the items of which information has been inc hIded primary schools. They include nursery in the Village Directory. fnformation in r~spect of schools. kinder garten schools, pre-basic and each village has been presented through a twenty pre-primary schools and junior basic sc11001s column-format in which villages have been pre~~med up to class V. in order of their location codes assigned at tehsil level. The first four columns give general information i.e. location code number. name, area in hcctare, (Ii) All schools having classes VI to VIn have population and number of households residing in been treated as middle schools. villages as per Census 1981. The amenities avaibble in the village have been shown in columns 5-14. The (iii) All schools having classes IX and X have inforl1lation regarding land-use pattern has bC>..'l1 givcn been treated as secondary schools. in columns 15-19 and column 20 contains special information about the yillage, if any, including (iv) All Schools h:wing classes XI and XII have information regarding places of religious, histor;cal or been treated as higher secondary schools. archaeological interest. In casc of uninhabited villrrges, They include senior cambridge schools, schools the information has been given relating to columns under I 0 +- 2 scheme, Intermediate, Pre 1-4, 12 and 15-19 only and in the remaining columns University and Junior College etc. the word 'uninhabited' has been mentioned. At the end of the entries of each tehsil the totals relating 6. In case of composite schools relevant groups to columns 3-6 and 15-19 (total area. amenities and of classes have been treated separately e.g. a school land-use break-up etc.), have also been presented. having classes r to XII has been shown as having one ( xxvii primary, one middle, one secondary and one higher has been indic..ited. The grains mentioned first is the secondary school. The term 'College,' includes all one which get first preference. types of colleges whet?er ArtsiScience/C?mmer~el Medical/Engineering! Agnculture and others Impartmg Land-Use Pattern -education at Graduate or Post-Graduate level, Insti tutions, other than industrial schools, training school 12. The land-use pattern has been presented and adult literacy classes/ centres have been shown under the following five headings: under 'others'. (1) Forest 7. In case of medical institutions, Hospitals It dinotes those lands which have been term~d and Dispensaries, Allopathy, Ayurvedic, Unani and as forest by the competent authority. Homoeopathy, have been shown together. Other Institutions include all types of Yogic, Naturopathy, (II) If rigated /-Jnt! Hospitals/Dispensaries, Leprosy Centre e'c. It relates to land which has actually been irrigated 8. In case there are more than one source of in the referrent year. The source wise break-up has potable water facility available in the \ illage all such not been presented as no such information was sources have been shown separately. Postal amenities available in respect of the net irrigated area. include Post Office, Telegraph Office and Telephone which are shown separately. Actual day or d:lYs of (1Il) Unirrigated land market/hat have been shown wherever such market/ hat is held. In case there are more than one communi The term covers all the unirrigated land cation facilities these have been indicated separately by cultivated during the referrent year and land relevant codes. lying fallow upto four years.
9. Approach to the village refers to the (VI) Cullllrablewaste state of roads etc. leading to the village from the It includes G,lUcher i. e. pasture and grazing communication centres i.e. bus stand/railway station land and tree-groves. etc. This is to give an idea whether the village is easily approachable in all types of weather or becomes (V) Area not available for Cultivation inaccessible for sometime in the year. Where there arc more than one approach roads these have been It refers to land which has not been classified in indicated sparately by relevant codes. any of the above mentioned types and also includes house-sites, roads, rivers nullahs, hillocks etc. I O. Information regarding the nearest town indicates the name of such town alongwith the distance I 3. Information regarding newspaper circulation from the referrent village irrespective of the fact and auto-vehicles and tractors has also been shown whether such town i3 located within Rajasthan or in III the remarks column besides mentioninig places of some other adjoining States. In case of town situated religious. historical or achaeological interest therein. in States other than Rajasthan, the concerned State has been mentioned against its name in parenthesis J 4. The following four appendices have also with the help of abbreviations. The term 'town' here been provided to present the position obtaining in refers to one of those urban centres which have been tehsil and district as a whole regarding various treated as towns in the concerned State during amenities available in rural areas, villages classified by 198 I Census. characteristics of the population and land-use pattern in Census Towns in connection with the Village 11. In order to give an idea about the uses Directory: to which electricity is put the information has been given under the head "power supply" if it is available ( i) Tehsilwise Abstract of educational. medical and in the village. Staple food refers to the grains consu other amenities. med by the majority of the popUlation in the village during the major portion of the year and where a (ii) Land Utilisation data in respect of Census variety of foodgrains is. consumed, the combination Towns. xxviii )
(iii) Tehsi[wise list of those inhabited villages where Information in respect of out-growths has been no educationai, medical, drinking water, post included in the concerned town and has not been and telegraph, day of the market/hat, shown separately. communicativn and po\ver supply facilities are 19. The amenities and other datas have been available. indicated by codes. A Jist of column-wise code (iv) Tehsilwise list of villages according to the structure and other abbreviations used in each proportion of Scheduled CatsesfScheduled Tribes statement has been pwvided at the beginning of populaton to total population by ranges. It Section-II of Part-A of this book. consists of two parts: Part-A relates to Scheduled Castes and Part-B to Scheduled Tribes. We may now discuss the yarious Town Directory Statements :
Town Directory Statement I 15. Particulars about each town have be.:n 20. It deals with the stQtus and growth history presented in the form of six statements. In town'> of the town. Columns 1 to 6 give information where there are notified slums an additional statement regarding class, name and civic status of the town, its (IV-A) has also been giVt:n in which information location code number, name of the Tehsil in which regarding civic and other amenities available in the it is situated, its area in sq. km. and number of notified slums have been shown. In each s!atment households including houseless homeholds residing in towns haye been arranged in alphabetical order. the tovm as per 198 1 Census. The class of the town has been determined on the basis of its papulation 16. As has been explained earlier, urban as per Census, 1981 and the civic administration status agglomerations are of two types, first those constituted relates to the year, 1980. Columns 7 to 15 show the by two or more independent towns and second those population of the town in different decennial censuses where the urban characteristics have developed in the beginning from 1901 upto 1981. The growth rate in adjoining rural areas which have developed as terms of percentage in respect of previous census has out-growth of the referrent town. been shown below the papulation figures pertaining to each Census beginning from column 8 onwards. 17. Where an urban-agglomeration includes two or more independent towns, the names of towns 21. A 'dash' under these calumns indicates constituting the agglomeration have been indicated in that the referrent town did not have an urb:lU status the alphabetical arrangement but their names have in the referrent census. Density of popuLttion per also been repeated in the alphabetical order under the sq. km. as per Census, 1981 has been shown in column name of the agglomeration after the name of the main 16 and sex-ratio (number of famales per 1,000 males) or core town and information relating to these has ['.Iso have been indicated for three Censuses viz. 196 1 to been shown here. The particulars of the constituent 1981 in columns 17 to 19. units of the agglomerations have not been repeated wherever they occur separately in the alphabetical order Statement II and a note "See referrcnt-agglomeration" has been 22. This statement gives information about given against such names. The lines relating to the tne physical aspects and locational particulars of the information regarding urban agglomeration as a whole town in 1979. First two columns give the serial have not been numbered but the constituent units as number, name and status of the town. Column 3 and when they occur in the alphabetical order have to 5 d~:.d with the physical aspects viz. rainf::JI anJ been numbered so that the Jast number agrees with the temperature. Rainfall figures are the average of the total number of towns in the district concerned. In rainfall for the last ten years ending 1979-80. If respect of statements II, III and VI in the lines the information in respect of rainfall is not available relating to agglomeration a note "See constituent for any town it has been given for th~ nearest plac~ units" has been shown and information has been for which it is available. R'linfall h3.S been shown in provided separately in respects of all the constituents milimetres per annum. Maximum and minimum below it. temperatures have been given in centigrade. If the information regarding temperature is not 18. In case of towns having out-growths an available in respect of any town it has been given asterisk mark has been placed against their names. for the nearest place for which it is available, ( xxix) and the name of the centre has been shovvn in foot· on staff, grants, loans and advances to the ~:d.ff etc. Expenditure on public safety covers fire-fighting, note. light, ,vater and le.ls~ facilities, regulating the 23. The localion of the town with respect to dangero us / hazardo us trade /wo r ks foccupati 0 n, water supply, registration of births and deaths, dis various administrative headquarters and n~arest city is indicated in columns 6 to 9. While showing the posal of garbage, rubbish and night-soil. Public location of the refcrrent town with respect of various health and conveniences cover all types of medical administrative headquarters, names and their distance aid and maintenance of the destitutes etc. Public from the referrent town in km. have been given in works include maintenance and construction of roads parenthesis below the name of the place where it is and buildings and relief works in times of famine and scarcity. Expenditure in public institutions covers situated. In CGse the referrent town itself happens to be the seat of the administrative headquarters, all types of social, cultural, educational, religious this distance has been shown zero. Information institutions etc. which are run or patronised by the regarding the nearest city of population one lakh or municipality. Other sources of expenditure have been more has been given in respect of its situation with specified wherever possible but mostly these are of in the State i.e. even if this city may be situated in miscellaneous nature. other State. In case the nearest city happens to be situated in other State, the name of ihe concerned Statement IV State has been shown against the name of the city in parenthesis. How the referrent town is approachable 26. This statement deals with the CIVIC and is given in columns 10 to 12 which indicate the other types of public amenities and provides infor availability of facilities viz. railway station, bus-route mation about road lengths, system of sewerage, types and navigable river fCanal if within 10 km. There of latrines, method of disposal of night-soil, protected is no navigable river or canal in Rajasthan. water-supply, availability of fire-fighting service and electrification, besides general information. In case of water-supply the source of water as also the system Statement HI of its storage have been shown. The storage capacity 24. It gives information about the finances of has been shown in litres. In case of disposal of the civic body controlling the local civil administration night-soil and protected water-supply, particulars have and it has been presented in ,00 rupees. A 'dash' been given in respect of two methods/sources in order jn this statement indicates that 110 receipt or expendi of their importance if more than one are existing in ture has occurred under the particular head and 'N' the town. In case fire-fighting service is not available represents negligible amount. First three .::olumns give in the town the name of the nearest place if in the general information, columns 4 to 10 present receipt same district or the name of the nearest district if in under broad categories and total receipt and columns the same Slate or other State where available along lito 17 present expenditure under broad categories with distance from the referrent town has been and total expenditure. The receipt and expenditure mentioned. has been presented under six broad categories each. While receipt through taxes imolies all receiots from Statement IV-A taxes obligatory or others and ;evenue deriv~d from ~unicipal power and property, it also includes income 27. Informativll about notified &lum3 in Class I ..derived from holding of fdirs and exhibitions, supply and II towns has been shown in this st'ltement in of milk, licence-fee, cattle-ponds, fines, and penalties, order to give an idea about the amenities available to transport services, places of entertainment, allotment the slum-dwellers. Particulars about paved roads, ~ale/lease of land and rent etc. Government grants system of sewerage, number of tap points/public lllclude per capita grant, grant from Public \Vorks hydrants for supply of protected water and electrifica Department and grant from the Social Welfare and tion have been provided in respect of every slum in other dep~rtments. Other sources of receipts have each town if there are any. been spe:lfied, wherever possible but generally they are of miscellaneous nature. Statement V
25. Expenditure on general administration 28. Particulars of medical, educational, recrea covers salary and wages of staff, contingent expenditure tional and cultural facilities available in the town have ( xxx)
been given in this statement and the number of each of the core town has also been provided at the end of type of these facilities has also been shown in paren the Town Directory. thesis alongwith the appropriate code.
Primary Census Abstract 29. In case of medical facilites the number of beds wherever available has also been shown. Allopathic, Ayufvedic, Unani and Homoeopathic 34. Primary Census Abstract has been presented Hospitals/Dispensaries have been shown separately. at three levels : No code has been provided for allopathic institutions and their numbers have been shown only in figures. ( i) District Primary Census Abstract. Thus '1' beside 'H' code for Hospital means an Allopathic Hospital. Separate codes have been provided (ii) Urban/Village Primary Census Abstract. for other three systems of medicide, (iii) Special Primary Census Abstract for Sche 30. If a medical Of educationl facility is not duled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at district available in the town, the name of the nearest level. place, if in the same district or the name of the nearest district if in the same State or other State where 35. There are thirty nine columns in the available and its distance (in km.) from the referrent District Primary Census Abstract and the data has town has been mentioned. Details of medical insti been presented at the DistrictITehsil/U. A./City /Town tutions shown under 'Others' have also been explained level. The first column shows the serial number and in the footnote below the statement V. the second column gives the name of District/Tehsil Urban-Agglomeration/City /Town. Total/Rural/Urban 31. Arts, Science and Commerce colleges have levels have been indicated in column 3. Area of the been shown separately. While showing the educatio referrent unit has been indicated in column 4 in square nal institutions upto Higher Secondary level the same kilometres. Columns 5 and 6 deal with the number procedure as adopted in case of village directory, has of occupied residential houses and number of house been followed. (see para 6) In case of composite holds residing in the referrent unit. Information schools relevant classes have been treated separately regarding total population, including institutional and e. g. a school having classes I to XII has been treated houseless population, has been presented in columns as being composed of one Primary, one Middle, one 7 to 9 with sex-wise distribution. Secondary and one Higher Secondary School. 36. Columns 10-12 and 13-15 deal with the 32. All other types of educational institutions -sex-wise presentation ofScheduled Castes and Scheduled which are not covered in columns 6 to 1 4 have Tribes population respectively. Information regarding been shown in columns 15 under 'Others' and include literates has been shown in columns 16-18. Columns technical/vocational and training institutions like j 9-21 deal with the sex-wise break-up of main Applied' Art Painting College, Pharmacy College, workers and calumns 22-33 deal with the classifi Agricultural College, Teachers' Training College/ cation of main workers into four major categories. Imtitution, Music/Dance School etc. and the details sex-wise. The first and second categories correspond regarding these have been shown in footnote below to categories of workers used in 1971 Census and the statement. present cultivators and ~,gricultural labourers. The third category represents workers engaged in household Statement VI industry, manufacturing, processing, servcing and repairs corresponding to category V (a) of the District 33. This statment contains particulars regar Primary Census Abstract 1971. All other remaining ding trade commerce, industry, and banking. It gives workers have been grouped together in the fourth na~es of t'hree most important commodities imported, category and include workers engaged in categories exported and manufactured in the town besides the III, IV, V (b) and VI to IX of the District number of banks, agricultural and non-agricultural Primary Census Abstract 1971 which are explained credit societies functioning in the town. A list of the below, columns 34-39 deal with sex-wise break-up of out-growths if any, alongwith its population and name marginal workers and non-workers respectively. xxxi )
holds residing in the referrent unit. Information Categories of workers Description regarding total population has been given in columns of 197 I Census inclu- 6 to 8 with sex-wise break-up. The total population ded in ·other workers' here includes institutional and houseless population. of 198 I Census 2 39. Information regarding Scheduled Caste III Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, and Scheduled Tribe population has been presented Hunting and Plantations, in columns 9-10 and 11- I 2 respectively by giving Orchards and Allied activi sex-wise distribution. Information regarding number ties. of literate males and females in each referrent unit has been given in columns 13-14. IV Mining and Quarrying 40. Columns 15 and 16 deal with number of male V (b) Manufacturing, Processing, and female main workers respectively while columns Servicing and Repairs other 17 to 24 deal with classification of main workers than Household Industry into four major categories. Columns 25-26 deal with male and female marginal workers and columns VI Construction 27-28 deal with male and female non-workers.
VlI Trade and Commerce 4 I. The data in respect of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been separately presented VIII Transport, Storage and in the Special Primary Census Abstract at the Districtj Communication Tehsil/U. A./City/Town level. There are thirty one columns in this format. The first two columns give IX Other Services the serial number and name of the District/Tehsil/U.Aj City jTown respectively. Column 3 indicates whether columns 34-39 deal with sex-wise break-up of mar the information is for total, rural or urban areas. ginal workers and non-workers respectively. Column 4 gives the number of households with Sche duled Caste/Scheduled Tribe members. Columns 5-7 37. There are twenty eight columns in the give the sex-wise dIstribution of Scheduled Castesj Primary Census Abstract for presenting data at the Scheduled Tribe population. Urban/Village level. The first column shows the location code number of the unit for which the infor 42. Columns 8 -10 show the sex-wise break-up mation has been provided and the second column of literates among Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes. gives the name of TehsiljVillagejTown/Ward. In the Columns 11-13 deal with the number of main workers case (jf village, area has been presented in hectares while columns 14-25 present the sex-wise break-up and itt the case of town in sq uare kilometres in of main workers into four major categories. Columns column 3. 26-28 deal with sex-wise distribution of marginal workers and columns 29-31 present the sex-wise 38. Columns 4 and 5 deal with the number distribution of non-workers among the Scheduled of occupied residential houses and number of house- Castes/Scheduled Tribes. CENSUS CONCEPTS
For the purpose of obtaining correct infor 4. The urban criteria of I 981 vary slightly mation and introducing uniformity, as far as possible, from that of 1961 and 1971 Censuses, in that throughout thecountry,certain concepts and definitions the males working in activities such as fishing, logging were adopted and used in 1981 Census such as Buil etc. were treated as engaged in non-agricultural ding, Census House, Household, Scheduled Caste, activity and therefore, contributed to the 75 per cent Scheduled Tribe, Literates, Main-Workers, Marginal criterion in 1961 and 1971 Censuses whereas in Workers, Non-Workers etc. and the Rural and Urban 1 98 I Census these activities have been treated as on characteristics of the population. per with cultivation and agricultural labour for the purpose of this criterion. Rural/Urban Areas 5. It will be noticed from the definition that there are two distinct types of urban units. In the 2. One of the basic characteristics of the popu first category are those units which satisfy criterion lation obtained through the Census is its rural and (a) by virtue of a statutory notification and are referred urban distribution. The basic unit for rural areas is to by the fiOmenclature as adopted in the relevant the Revenue Village which has definite surveyed notification viz. Municipal Corporation, Municipal boundaries. The Revenue Village may comprise of Board, Cantonment Board and Notified Area Comm several hamlets but for presentation of data, the entire ittee etc. The other type of urban units would be those Revenue Village has been treated as one unit. In which satisfty crit('rion under (b) above and which would unsurveyed villages within forest areas each habitated otherwise have been considered as rural i.e. as villages, area with locally recognised boundaries has been but for census purposes they are referred to as Census treated as one unit. Towns or Non-municipal Towns. This is to dist inguish them from what are considered statutory towns 3. Urban areas have been specially defined for under criterion (a). It may be mentioned here that Census purposes. In the 198 1 Census the same quite often villages which are classified for Census criteria as adopted in 1961 and 1971 Censuses, have purposes as urban units under criteria (b) may been adopted, with some minor variations. Urban continue to be included in the village lists in the areas in 1981 Census consist of : revenue record. However, in Census publications, the relevant cross references are generally available and (a) All places with a Municipality, Corporaation the reader would be able to identify such cases. or Cantonment Board or Notified Town area. Urban Agglomeration
(b) All other places which satisfy the follwing 6. The 1971 concept of urban agglomeration criteria: has also been adopted for the 1 98 1 Census. Very often large railway colonies, university campuses, port areas, military camps etc. come up outside the ( i) A minimum population of 5,000, statutory limits of the city or town but adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves qualify to be (ii) Atleast 75%, of the male working treated as towns but if they form a continuous spread popUlation being engaged in non with the town, they are out-growths of the town and agricultural (and allied) activity, deserve to be treated as urban. Such towns together with their out-growths have been treated as one urban (iii) A density of popUlation of atleast 400 unit and called 'Urban Agglomeration'. An urban per sq. km. (or 1,000 per sq. mile). agglomeration may constitute : ( xxxiii )
(a) A city with continuous out-growth (the 10. If within a large enclosed area there are part of outgrowth being outside the statu separate structures owned by different persons then tory limits but falling within the bound each such structure has been treated as one or more aries of the adjoining village or villages); separate building. Sometimes there may be a number of strucutrcs within an enclosed area or compound owned by an undertaking or company or government (b) One town with similar out-growth or two or more adjoining towns with their out which are occupied by their employees Each such growths as in (a); structure is treated as a separate building. If such buildings have a number of flats or blocks which are or independent of one another having separate entrance from a common courtyard or staircase and occupied (c) A city and one or more adjoining towns by different households each such flat or block has with their out-growths all of which form a been considered as a separate census house. continuous spread. 11. Usually a structure has four walls and roof. Building But in some areas the very nature of construction of houses are such that there may not be any wall. For 7. A building is, generally, a single structure on the example a conical roof and an entrance are also ground. Sometimes it may be made up of more than provided. Such strucutres have been treated as one component units which are used or likely to be buildings and Census houses, as the case may be. used as dwellings (residences) or establishments such as shops, business houses, offices, factories, worksheds, 12. If there are more than one structure within schools, places of entertainment, paIces of worship, an enclosed or open compound (premises) belonging godowns, stores etc. It is also possible that build to the same person e.g., the main house, the servant's ings which have component units may be used for a quarters, the garage etc, the whole premises have been combination of purposes such as shop-cum-residence, treated as only one building and each of the workshop-cum-residence, office-cum-residence etc. constituent separate structures has been taken as a census house provided these structures satisfy the 8. Sometimes a series of different buildings are definition of a 'Census House' given here after. found along a street which are joined with one another by common walls on either side looking like a conti Census House nuous structure. These different units are practically independent of one another and likely to have been 13. A Census House is a building or part of a built at different times and even owned by different building having a separate main entrance from the persons. In such cases, though the whole structure road or common courtyard or staircase etc. used or with all the adjoining units apparently appears to be recognised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or one building, each portion has been treated as a vacant. It may be used for a residential or non separate building. On the other hand, one may come residential purpose or both. across cases, particularly in large cities, of multi storeyed ownership flats. In these cases, while the 14. If a building has a number of flats or structure looks like one building, the flats are owned blocks which are independent of one another having by different persons. In case of such multi-storeyed separate entrances of their own from the road or a structures, having a number of flats owned by different common staircase or a common courtyard leading to a persons, the entire structure has been treated as one main gate, they are considered as separate census building and each flat as a separate Census house. houses. If within a large enclosed area, there are separate buildings owned by different persons, then 9. Sometimes in metropolitan cities the local each such building is treated as one or more separate authOrIties have considered the flats in a block or in census house. Within an enclosed compound there large colonies as separate buildings and numbered them may be separate buildings owned by an undertaking as such. lf the house-numbering system of the local or company or even government, actually in occupation authorities has been adopted as such, each flat has of different persons. For example, I. O. C. colony also been treated as separate building in order to where the builbings are owned by the corporation but avoid renumbering of these houses. these are in occupation of their employees. Each such xxxiv )
building has been reckoned as a separate building. 1 7. It is also possible that a household uses But if in anyone of these buildings there, 2.re flats in another structure, e. g., a baithak, separa,ted fro111 the occupation of different households each flo, is treated main residence by some distance or by other structures &5 a separate census house. or by a road. In such cases, it is necessary to treat that separate structure used as baithak as a separate census house. 15. It ll1JY be difficult tl) apply the deilnilion of census house strictly in certain cases. For example. in an urban area, a flat has five rooms, cach room 1 (). It is usual to find in municipal towns and having a direct enlrance to the common staircase or cities that every site, whether built up or not, is num courtyard. By definition this has to be treated as bered by the municipal authorities on property basis. five census houses. If all those five rOl)l11S are Such open sites, even if they are enclosed by a com occupied by a single household, it is not realistic to pound wall, are not listed for census purposes. Only treat tlH'm as five census houses. In such a case, cases where a structure with roof has come up is singleness of use of these rooms alongwith the main treated as a census house and listed. But in some house is considered and the entire fiat is treated as arcas, the very nature of construction of houses is such one census house. On the oiher hand, if two that there may not be any wall, for example, independent households occupy these five room, the a conical roof almost touching the ground and an first household living in 3 rooms and the second entrance is also provided and there would not be any household occupying 2 rooms, then considering the wall as such. Such structures have, of course, been use, the fist three rooms together are treated as one treated as buildings and census houses. census house and the remaininig rOOms as an~ther census house. But if each room is occupied by an 19. Pump houses, temples and other similar independent household, then each such room is structures have also been treated as census houses as treated as a separat:;: census hous,.;. these are places where people can also live. Obvio usly, such structures would not be treated as census houses if they are so small that no persons can live in 16. In case of hostels, hotels etc. even if the them. door of each room in which an inmate lives opens to a common varandah, staircase, courtyard or common room, as it happens almost invariably, the Household entire hostel/hotel building is treated as one census house. But if such hostels/hotels have out-houses 20. A household is a group of persons who or other structures used for different purposes or the commonly live together and would take their meals same purpose then each such structure attached to from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work thc main hostel/hotel is treated as a separate census prevented any of them fr0111 doing so. There may house. In some parts of the country, in rural areas, be a household of persons related by blood or a the pattern of habitation is such that a group of household of unrelated persons or having a mix of huts located in a compound, whether enclosed or both. Examples of unrelated households are boarding unenclosed is occupied by one household. While the houses, messes, hostels, hotels, rescue-homes, jails main residence may be located in onc hut, other huts ashrams etc. These are called 'Institutional households'. may be used for sleeping, as a kitchen, bath room There may be one member households, two member baithuk, eic. Though each of the huts is a separate households or multi-member households. For census structure, they form a single housing unit and, there purposes, each one of these types is regarded as a fore, have to be trated colletcivety as a single census 'household' . house. If some of the huts are used by one houshold and the others by a second household as residence, 21. If a gwup of persons who are unrelated to then the two groups of huts are treated as separate each othel' live in a census house but do not have census houses. However, if there are also oth..::r huts their meals from the common kitchen, they would not in the compound used for other purposes and not as constitute an institutional household. Each such part of tIle households residence such as cattleshed, person has to be treated as a separate household. workshed etc., they 3re treated as separate census The important link in finding out whether there is a hOUSes. household or not is a common kitchen. ( xxxv )
Scheduled Castes I Scheduled Tribes worker/non-worker of 1961 and 1971 Censuses is discarded at the 1981 Census and instead a trichotomy 22. A person is identified as a member of a of main workers, marginal workers and non-workers Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe on the basis of is adopted. For main worker the time criteria of the perscribed lists of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled engagement in work for the major part of the year i.e. Tribes as per the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled 1 83 days or more is adopted while those who worked Tribes Lists (Amendment) Order, 1976 issued by the for some time during the last year but not for the President of India. Scheduled Castes can be major part of the year i.e., 183 days or more are among Hindus or Sikhs only while a member· of a treated as marginal workers. Those who had never Scheduled Tribes can profess any religion. If the worked during the last year are treated as non-workers. person belonging to a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled This trichotomy partially permits a comparability of Tribe has returned his/her callte or tribe. it is reckoned 198 1 Census economic data with that of 197 1 as as Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe only if that well as ) 961 . The main workers of 1 98 1 Census name finds place in the prescribed list. can be expected to correspond to the workers of 1971 and main workers and marginal wo rkers of 198 1 Literates together to the workers of 196 i .
23. A person who can both read and write 26. The main workers i.e those who have with understanding in any language is treated as worked for 183 days or more in the year preceding literate. A person who can merely read but can not the enumeration have been further categorized as write, is not literate. It is not necessary that a person cultivators, agricultural labourers, or engaged in who is literate should have passed any minimum edu household industry or as 'other workers.' cational standard. However, all children of the age of 4 years or less are treated as illiterate even if the Cultivator child is going to a school and may have picked up 27. For purposes of the Census a person is a reading and writing a few odd words. Cultivator if he or she is engaged either as employer, single-worker or family-worker in cultivation of land Main-worker, Marginal Worker and Non-Worker owned or hdd from Government or held from private persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or 24. 'Work'may be defined as participation in share. Cultivation includes supervision or direction any economically productive activity. Such participa of culti vation, tion may be physical or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also effective super 28. A person who has given out his or her land vision and direction of work. to another person or persons for cultivation for money, kind or share of crop and who does 110t even super 25. The 'Work' concept of 1961 and 1971 vise or direct cultivation of land, has not been treated Censuses, as opposed to the income or economic as cultivator. Similarly, a person working in another independence concept of the earlier Censuses is person's land for wages in cash or kind or a combi adopted for 1981 Census, but the criteria for classif nation of both i.e. agricultural labourers is not treated ication of persons as workers has been changed. While as cultivator. Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing in the 196 I and 1971 Censuses different approaches, and harvesting and cover production of cereals and namely usual status and current status were adopted millet crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi with reference period of one year and one week for etc. and other crops such as pUlses, raw jute and seasonal and regular work respectively, in the 198 1 kindred fibre jute crop, cotton, sugarcane, groundnuts, Census the usual status approach has been adopted tobacco etc. and does not inelude fruit growing, vege uniformly for all work. In 1961 a person qualified as a worker if he had worked regularly during the last table growing or keeping orchards or groves or season or if he had worked at least for a day in regular working on plantations like tea, coffee, rubber, cinc non-seasonal work during the preceding fortnight. At hona and other medical plantations. the 1971 Census a person was treated as worker only if he had spent his time mainly in work or if he head Agricultural Labour worked atleast for a day in regular (non-seasonal) 29. A person who works in another person's work during the preceding week. The dichotomy of land for wages in money, kind or share is recorded ( xxxvi)
as an agricultural labourer. He or she has no risk 34. Certain activities even though conducted in the cultivation but merely works in another person's by the members of the same household collectively land for wages. An agricultural labour has not right may not constitute a household industry such as of lease or contract on land on which he or she works. plantation work, livestock maintenance, production, hunting, trapping and selling of the catch, forestry Household Industry and logging, fishing, minning and quarrying. 30. Household Industry is defined as an industry conducted by the head of the household him Other-workers self/herself and/or by the members of the household at home or within the village in rural are(\s 35. All workers, i. e. those who have been and only within the precincts of the house where the engaged in some economic activity during the last household lives in urban areas. The larger proportion one year, but who are not cultivators or agricultural of workers in a household industry should consist of labourers or engaged in household industry are 'Other members of the household including the head. The Workers.' The type of workers that come under this industry should not be run on the scale of a registered category include factory workers, plantation workers, factory which would qualify or has to be registered those in trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, under the Indian Factories Act. An industry which is construction, political or social workers, all govern being run by a large joint family of more than 10 ment servants, municipal employees, teachers, priests, persons and where powere is used, or more than 20 entertainment artists etc. persons where pOlVer is not used, though only family members are involved is not treated as Household Marginal Workers Industry. Thus the meaning of the term run on the scale of a registered factory refers to such cases even 36. Marginal workers are those who have if these are not registered as such. worked any time at all in the year preceding the enumeration but have not worked for major part of 31. The main criterion of a Household Industry that year. In other words those who have worked is the participation of one or more members any time at all in the year preceding the enumeration of a household. This criterion applies in urban areas but the period for which they have worked is less too. Even if the industry is not actually located at than 183 days are categorised as marginal workers. home in rural areas there is greater possibility of the Those who have worked for major part of the year members of the household participating even if it is i. e. for 183 days or more, are categorised as main located any where within the village limits. In the workers. Thus, 'other workers' can be either main urban areas where organised industry takes greater workers or marginal workers. prominance, the household Industry should be confined to the precincts of the house where the Non-Workers participants live. In urban areas even if the members of the household by themselves run an industry but 37. To distinguish between 'other-worker' and at a place away from the precincts of their home, it 'non-worker' a reference to the definition of "work" will not be considered a household industry. would be relevant. While the 'other-worker' parti 32. A household industry relates to pro cipated in an economically productive activity and duction, processing, servicing, repairing or making thus did "work", a non-worker has never worked in and selling (but not merely selling) of goods. It does connection with an economically productive activity not include professions such as a Pleader or Doctor any time at all in the year preceding the enumeration. or Barber, Musician, Dancer, Waterman, Washerman Non-workers can belong to one of the following Astrologer etc, or merely trade or business, even if seven eat-egories : such professions, trade or services are run at home by members of the household. Household duties
33. Sometimes a person who may not be 38. This covers all persons who were engaged working in his or her own household industry may be in unpaid home duties and who had not done any working in another household industry in which case work during the last one year preceding the enume he or she is also considered to be engaged in house ration. If a person who normally attended to hold industry. household-duties and was also engaged in some ( xxxvii) economic activities, then he or she is a worker and not does not have to work, will come under this category. a non-worker. For example, a housewife may have However, if a retired person, apart from drawing helped in family cultivation or agriculture or made pension, is doing some other work also, he has to be and sold cow-dung cakes at odd times, or prepared treated as worker and not as retired person. papar, pickles etc. and sold them. She would be treated as worker and not as non-worker though she Beggars is mainly a housewife. 42. This category covers beggars, vagrants or cases such as persons without indication of source of Students income and those with unspecified sources of subsist 39. This category covers all full-time students ence who are not engaged in any economically produ and children attending school. If a student partici ctive work. pated in some economically productive work, say by helping sometimes as an unpaid family worker in Inmates of Institutions family cultivation, or in household industry, trade or 43. This covers convicts in Jails or inmates of a business, such student has to be treated as a worker penal, mental or charitable institution, even if such and not as a student. On the other hand, a person persons are compelled to do some work such as car who mainly attended to household duties but took a pentry, carpet, weaving, vegetable growing etc. in such correspondence course or attended a part-time class institutions. But an undertrial prisoner enumerated in would be treated as engaged in household duties. a jail has to be recorded for the work he or she was doing before he or she was apprehended. Similarly a DepmdeHts person temporarily in a hospital or other similar 40. This category includes all dependents such institution has to be recorded for the kind of work he as infants or children not attending school or a person or she was doing before he or she was admitted into permanently disabled from work because of illness or thc hospital/institution. But for a long-term undertrial old age. Dependents include even able bodied persons prisoner or convict in a prison or for long term who cannot be categorised in any other category of inmates of penal or charitable or mental institutions, non-workers but are dependent on others. However, the persons previous work would not be recorded. if such a person who is dependent on others for subsis A person is to be considered as 'long term' if he or tence has been seeking work, he or she is categorised she has been in such an institution for six months as "other non-worker". or more.
R~tired persons or Rentiers Other Non-workers 41. A person who has retired from service and 44. This category includes all non-workers is doing no other work i. e. not employed again in who might not have come under any of the above some full-time work or not engaged in other work six categories but who were looking for work. A boy such as cultivation, business, trade etc. or a person or girl who had completed education or had stopped who is a rentier or living on agricultural or non-agri studying and was looking for work comes under this cultural royalty, rent or dividend or any other person category. of independent means for securing of which he or she ANALYTICAL NOTE-PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT
Distribution and growth of population inhabited and 12 uninhabited villages besids 5 urban centres in the district which account for 1.99 per cent According to the Census of 1981, Bundi of total number of villages and 2.49 percent of urban district had a population of 586,982 persons centres in the State as a whole. The following table (311,022 males and 275,960 females) showing an presents the total population for males and females increase of 30.72 per cent over the 1971 figures. for the district and its various tehsils by total; rural! The rural urban break-up of population is 4,87, 153 urban areas along with the number of villages, and 99,829 persons respectively. There are 725 and towns in the district:
TABLE No.1
POPULATION, NUMBER OF VILLAGES AND TOWNS, 1981
-~-- ---~-~- ---_------~------_------~~-- ._------_ ------_ ._----- Population c'" r------______...A... ______-, ~ No. of 0 District/Tehsil Total Rural Urban Village; .....!-< r-----...A... ----, r----- ...A... ___ .---, r----...A... --_._--, ,---...A...--, 0 ci Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Total Inha- Z bited
------~-- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
------_-_------~---
Bundi District 586,982 311,022 275,960 487,153 258,241 228,912 99,829 52,781 47,048 737 725 5 (100.00) (100.00) (100.00)
Hindoli Tehsil 124,341 65,869 58,472 124,341 65,869 58,472 149 149 (21.18) (25.52)
Nainwa Tehsil 108,038 56,803 51,235 98,040 51,603 46,437 9,998 5,200 4,798 167 146 (18.41) (20.13) (10.01)
Bundi Tehsil 213,648 113,853 99,795 165,621 88,479 77,142 48.027 25,374 22,653 259 253 1 (36.40) (34.00) (48.11)
Keshoraipatan Tehsil 140,955 74,497 66,458 99,151 52,290 46,861 41,804 22,207 19,597 162 159 3 (24.01) (20.35) (41.88)
2. Only one town Kaprain with a popUlation which has gone up to present population of 5.87 lakhs. of 10,296 has been added to the list of urban centre Thus the popUlation has increased more than three of Bundi district during 1971-81 decade while no times during the period. The growth of population lawn has been declassified during the last decade indicates that Bundi's population remained largely ]LJ 71-81. stationary until 1921 the reason being that the increase in population during the 1901-11 decade 3. The popUlation of Bundi dislrict has was more or less offset due to the prevalence of pesti increased rapidly during the past eighty years. The lence epidemics and diseases resulting into largescale district had a population of 1.71 lakhs in 1901, migration and deaths. The table below shows the ( xxxix)
dccadal variation in population since! 90 I.
TABLE No.2 POPULATION SINCE 1901
Census Year Population Percentage decadal Census Year Population Percentage decadal variation variation
3 2 3
1951 280,518 +12.49
+27.74 1961 338,010 +20.49 -14.48 1971 449,021 +32.84 + 15.85
+15.07 1981 586,982 +30.72
------~~------_- 4. On the whole, the population growth figures 5. The decadal variations in the popUlation in the Bundi district reveal a consistently upward trend growth at the tehsil level along with rural, urban except the decade 191 1-21 which was characterised break up during the 1971-8 I decade is shown in the by a downward trend in population growth. However, table below : an all-time high growth of 32.84 was recorded during 1961-71.
TABLE No.3
DECADAL CHANGE IN DISTRIBUTJON OF POPULATJON
Population Percentage decadal variation r------_A.__------, r---___...A._---~ District/Tehsil W71 1~1 1971-81 r------"------, r--____...A.._ ____ ~ r----- _...A..___ ------~ Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bundi District 449,021 383,473 65,548 586,982 487,153 99,829 +30.72 +27.04 + 52.30
Hindoli Tehsil 93,757 93,757 124,341 124,341 +32.62 +32.62
Nainwa Teh~II 85,586 77,724 7,862 108,038 98,040 9,998 +26.23 +26.14 + 27.17
Bundi Tehsil 161,049 126,557 34,492 213,648 165,621 48,027 +32.66 +30.87 + 39.24
Keshoraipatan Tehsil 108,629 85,435 23,194 140,955 99,151 41,804 +29.76 +16.05 + 80.24
6. It will be observed from the table that the Villages classified by popUlation growth rate of popUlation ranges 32.66 per cent in Bundi tehsil to 26.23 per cent in Nainwa tehsil. The 7. The rural popUlation of Bundi district is spread other tehsils Hindoli and Keshoraipatan have recorded over 72 5 villages. These villages are of different sizes, a growth of 32.62 and 29.76 per cent respectively ranging tiny villages having a population of one single . in the total areas. The growth rate in the rural person to very large ones with a population of nearly areas of the district varies between 16.05 to 32.62 ten thousand persons. About 54.90 per cent of the per cent this being highest in Hindoli tehsil and lowest total number of villages in Bundi district have a pop in Keshoraipatan tehsil. ulation of less than 500 persons. Another 40 per cent ( xl )
of the villages have population ranging between have population between 2,000 to 5,000 and only 500 to 2000 sonls. A total of 39 villages (5.38%) 2 villages have population between 5,000 to 10,000 of the district have population of mor~ than The table below presents the distribution of villages 2,000, 37 villages (5.10%) of the total villages. by size classes for the district and its various tehsils :
TABLE No.4 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES BY POPULATION RANGES
- ----_------~------~-~------Total No. of villages in each range District!Tehsil (Inhabited (Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage of villages in each range) Villages) ,------__ ..A.. ______~ Less than 200 200-499 500-1,999 2,000-4,999 5,000-9,999 10,000 & above
------~------~--~- - ~------~ ------_-- -_- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ------~------_------_------Bundi District 725 109 289 288 37 2 (100.00) (15,04) (39,86) (39.72) (5.10) (0.28)
Hindoh Tehsil 149 21 48 68 11 1 (100.00) (14.09) (32,22) (45.64) (7.38) (0.67)
Nainwa Tehsil 164 31 71 54 7 1 (100,00) (18.90) (43.29) (32.93) (4.27) (0.61)
Bundi Tehsil 253 37 106 97 13 (100,00) (14,62) (41.90) (38.34) (5.14)
Keshoraipatan Tehsil 159 20 64 69 6 000.00) 02.58) (40.25) (43.40) (3.77)
------~------
8. The table shows that the largest number of population of 5,86,982 persons which is about 1.71 villages in size-class of less than 200 popUlation is percent of the State's total population and ranks found in tehsil Bundi (37), followed by tehsil twenty fourth in the State. The table below presents Nainwa (31), tehsil Hindoli (21), tehsil Keshorai~ the area and population, of the various tchsils of the patan (20). The largest number of villages in size district along with position occupied by each tehsil class 200~499 is found in tehsil Bundi (J 06) followed amongst themselves by tehsil Nainwa (71) and Keshoraipatan (64), and tehsil Hindoli (48) with the smallest number. About TABLE No.5 40 per cent of the villages in the tehsils of Hindoli. RANKING OF TEHSILS BY AREA AND POPULATION Bundi and Keshoraipatan fall in the population size ------500 to 1,999 while in tehsil Nainwa about one third of the villages are in this category. The largest number Area Population ,-____....A.....- __ --, ,-__..A.._~ of villages with popUlation ranging between 2,000 to Name of Tchsil Percentage to Percentage to 4,999 are found in tehsil Bundi (13) followed by district area Rank district Rank tehsil Hindoli (11) while tchsil Nainwa and Keshorai~ population patan have 7 and 6 villages respectively. Tehsils Hindoli and Nainwa have one village each of 1 2 3 4 5 the popUlation size class 5,000 to 9,999. other tehsils ------_------have no such village. Hindoli Tehsil 23.85 2 21.18 3
Nainwa Tehsil 4 18.41 4 Density of population 20.60 9. Bundi district covers a total area of 5,550 Bundi Tehsil 34.30 36.40 1 sq. k111. constituting 1. 61 per cent of the total area 21.25 3 24.01 2 of the State and occupies the twenty third position Keshoraipatan Tehsil 10. It wIll be seen from the table that both in 12. It may be seen from the table that the terms of population and area Bundi tehsil occupies the density of population comes to 90 persons per sq. km first place among all the tehsils while tehsil Nainwa in rural areas while it is 705 in urban areas of the stands at the bottom in the district. district. The density of populatIon per sq. km at tehsil level varies from 1] 8 in Keshoraipatan tehsil 1]. The density of popUlation per sq. km for to 93 in Hindoli and Nainwa tehsil for the total Bundi district is ] 06 vis-a-vis State average of ] 00 areas, while for the rural areas it ranges from 93 in persons per sq. km. The following table presents the Hindoli tehsil to 85 in Nainwa tehsil. In urban density of population for the district and its various area of tehsil Nainwa follwed by Bundi and Kesho tehsils by total, rural and urban areas separately: raipatan have density of popUlation as 2564, 2106 TABLE No.6 and 364 respectively. DENSITY OF POPULATION BY TOTAL RURAL AND 13. The inhabited villages of Blindi district URBAN AREAS have varying density of population. There are eleven Density per sq. km ,--_____...A... _____--, villeges in the density range of popalation upto 10, District/Tehsil eighteen villages in 11 to 20, ] 01 villages in 21 to Total Rural Urban 50,249 villages in 51 to 100,287 villages in 101 2 3 4 to 200,45 villages in 201 to 300,12 villages in 301 Bondi District 106 90 705 to 500 and only two villages in the population range Hindoli Tehsil 93 93 of above 500 persons per sq. km. The table below Nainwa Tehsil 93 85 2,564 presents the distribution of villages in the various density ranges along with the percentage of villages in Bundi Tehsil III 87 2,106 each range: Keshoraipatan Tehsil 118 92 364 TABLE No.7 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES BY DENSITY No. of villages in each density range Total (Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage of villages in each range) District/Tchsil (Inhabited ,------_.__ ._-_; .... _------, Villages) 0-10 11-20 21-50 51-100 101-200 201-300 301-500 501 & above ------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------ BURdi District 725 11 18 101 249 287 45 12 2 (100.00) (1.52) (2.48) (13.93) (34.34) (39.59) (6.21) (1.65) (0.28) Hindoli Tehsil 149 3 3 17 54 53 15 4 (100.00) (2.01) (2.01) (11.41) (36.24) (35.57) (l0.07) (2.69) Mainwa Tchisl 164 2 21 81 55 5 (100.00) (1.22) (12.80) (49.39) (33.54) (3.05) Bundi Tehsil 253 4 11 35 52 125 17 7 2 (100.00) (1.58) (4.35) (13.83) (20.55) (49.41) (6.72) (2.77) (0.79) Keshoraipatan Tehsil 159 4 2 28 62 54 8 1 (100.00) (2.52) (1.26) (17.61) (38.99) (33.96) (5.03) (0.63) 14. The numbers of villages vary from 287 density ranges which have a significant number of in the density range 101 to 200 per sq. km to only 2 villages are 51 to 100 (249) and 21 to 50 (101). villages in the density ranges 501 and above. The other The percentage of villages in the density ranges varies xlii from 39.59 pcr ccnt in the density range (l 0 1 (0200) dCl110graping indicator brings out the fact that there to 0,28 per cent in the density ranges (50 I ). are X87 females per thousand males in Bundi district Density range (51 10 100) and (21 i,) 50) reprc~:llt as a whole. The sex-ratio in the rural areas is 886 34.3-1- and 13.93 per cent of the villages respectively. \\'11":flO<1S in urban areas it is 891. The table below presents the figures of sex-ratio since 1901 for the Sex Ratio district by total, rural and urban areas: 1 S. The study of ~ex-ralio, a significant TABLE No.8 SEX-RATIO SINCE 1901 No. of females per 1,000 males No. of females per 1,DOO males ~ ____~~..A_. ______~ ,--_ ~ _ ------"- .. -_- -, Census Year Total Rural Urban Censu~ Year Total Rural Urban 3 4 2 3 4 ~~-~ - ---~ __ ------~ ---- 1901 930 919 999 1951 913 905 951 1911 932 924 994 1961 897 897 896 1921 916 912 939 1971 885 884 891 1931 916 912 942 1941 91i! 913 945 1981 886 891 16. It will be ob~ervcd (hat the sex-ratio in the district has slightly increased in case of total and district has shown a consistent downward trend rural areas while it is constant in the urban areas during I 951·71. A similar trend has also been when compared with that of 1971 Census. The observed in the rural and urban areas of the district. table below gives the sex-ratio for the district and its various tehsils with similar figures for 197 I Census 17. In 1981, however, the sex-ratio of Bundi by total, rural and urban areas : TABLE No. ') SEX-RATIO AT TEHSIL LEVEL IN 1971 AND 1981 Number of females per 1,000 males r- .---~----- _____.. _..A.. ____ ~ _____ "~--~--, DI:,trict! fehsil 1971 1981 r- ~ ______~.A.._. __ ------~ r- __ ----~ .. ~~-. ~ ___...A.. ___. ___ ~ Tolal Rural Urban Total Rural Urban ( xliii ) 1 iI. In the total areas the s~x ratio has incre belongs to this category. In the urban areas of the ased in tehsils of Hindoli. Nainwa and Bundi. while district Scheduled Castes represent 17.1 1 per cent of it has decreased in Keshoraipatan tehsil in comparison the urban population. The population of Scheduled to 1 971 Census. The sex ratio in the urban areas of Tribes is, however, longer and represent 20.22 per tehsils Nainwa and Bundi has increased while it has cent of the total population. The proportion of shown a decrease in Keshoraipatan tehsil. tribal communities in the rural areas of the district is 23.56 per cent while in urban areas it is only 3.27 Scheduled Castes and Schedu led Tribes per cent. The table below pi'escnts the percentage 19. A total of 18.9 I pcr cent of the popula distribution of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes tion of the district belongs to Scheduled Castes while in the district and its various tchsils by total. rural 19.27 pa cent of the pnpulation in rural arcas and urban areas : TABLE No. 10 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBES POPULATION 191H Percentage of Scheduled Castes to total population Percentage of Scheduled Tnbes to total population Di~trict/Tehsil r------..A------~ r------..A------____~ Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban ------_------_-_ ------__ ----_-- _------_-_------2 3 4 5 6 7 ------ Bundi District 18.91 19.27 17.11 20.11 23.56 3.27 HindGli Tehsil 19.08 19.08 18.54 18.54 Nainwa Tch,il 17.88 18.12 15.52 20.29 22.2~ 0.82 Buml, Tehsil 17.79 19.76 10.93 20.18 25.57 1.62 Keshoraipatan Tehsil 21.24 19.84 24.55 21.21 27.76 5.76 ------_ 20. The percentage of Scheduled Castes at the tehsil in case of urban areas of the tehsil. tehsil level for the total areas varies from 21.24 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 1 7.79 per cent in 21. Out of the lotal popUlation of I 10,977 Bundi tehsil, while in rural areas it ranges from 19.84 persons of the Scheduled Casles the bulk (93,895 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to I 8. 12 per cent persons) reside in the rural areas and only 17,082 in Nainwa tehsil. In urban areas it varies from persons reside in the urban ar-:as of the district. There 24.55 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 10.93 per are 1 18,030 persons of the SchedUled Tribes residing cent in Bundi tehsil. The percentage of Scheduled in the dIstrict. Of these, as many as 1 14,763 persons Tribes in the tehsils for the total areas varies from live in the rural areas while the remaining 3,267 2 I .24 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 18.54 per persons are found living in the urban areas. The cent in Hindoli tehsil. It ranges from 27.76 per following table presents the actual population and cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 18.54 per cent in percentage share of various tehsils in the total Hindo Ii tehsil in rural areas and 5.76 per cent in population of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Keshoruipatan tehsil to 0.82 per cent in Nainwa of the district by total, rural and urban arcas. ( xliv ) TABLE No. 11 RURAL, URBAN DISTRIBUTION OF SCHEDULED CASTE AND TRIBE POPULATION AT DISTRICT AND TEHSIL LEVEL Scheduled Caste population Scheduled Tribe population District!Tchsil ,------._----_ -"- --.-_ ------__ . ----, ,------.-. ----"------, Total Rural Urban Total Rural 'Urban 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bundi District 1,10,977 93,895 170,82 1,18,030 1,14,763 3,267 (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) Hindoli Tehsil 23,722 23,722 23,053 23,053 (21.38) (25.26) (19.53) (20.09) Nainw.l Tehstl 19,321 17,769 1,552 21,924 21,842 82 (17.41) (18.93) (9.09) (18.58) (19.03) (2.51) Bundi Tehsil 38,002 32,733 5,269 43,120 42,344 776 (34.24) (34.86) (30.84) (36.53) (36.90) (23.75) Keshoraipalan Tehsil 29,932 19,671 10,261 29,933 27,524 2,409 (26.97) (20.95) (60.07) (25.36) (23.98) (73.74) 22. The largest contribution to the Scheduled 23. In Bundi district there are 88 villages Caste popUlation is made by Bundi Tehsil (34.24%) representing 12.14 per cent of the total villages followed by Keshoraipatan (26.97%), Hindoli which have recorded Scheduled Caste population upto 5 (21.38 Yo) and Nainw:l tchsil (I 7.41 %). Majority of per cent of the total population. A total of 83 villages the S(;i1eduled Caste population live in the rural areas representing 11.4 5 per cent of all the villages have Sche of varioLls tchsil and their proportionate shares range duled caste population from 6 to 10 per cent, 118 from 34.86 per cent in Bundi tehsil to ! 8.93 ,per villages representing 16.28 per cent have Scheduled cent in Nainwa tehsil. Of the urban Scheduled Castes population ranging between 11 to 15 per cent Caste popUlation 60.07 per cent is contributed by and 87 villages (12% of the total villages) have Kcshoraipatan tehsil followed by Bundi (30.84%) Scheduled Caste population from 16 to 20 per cent and Nainwa (9.09%) tehsils. Bundi Tehsil contributes thei'e are 162 villages (22.34% of the villages) 36.53 per cent of the Scheduled Tribe population which have Scheduled Caste population between 21 to of the district followed by Keshoraipatan (25.36(10) 30 per cent and the remaining 100 villages (13.79%) Hindoli (19.5 3 ~~) and Nainwa (18.5 8 ~O respectively. of the total villages) have Scheduled Caste population This bulk of the Tribal population is found in the of over 3 I per cent. The following table gives the rural areas of the tohsils. In the urban centres among number of villages with the percentage figures to the Scheduled Tribes 73.74 per cent population is the total number of villages by various percentage contributed by Keshoraipatan tehsil followed by Bundi ranges of Scheduled Castes for the district and various tehsil (.23.75%) while the contribution of Nainwa tehsils : tehsil is only 2.51 per cent ( xlv ) TABLE No. 12 PROPORTION OF SCHEDULED CASTES POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION IN THE VILLAGES Total No. of villages in each percentage range of Scheduled Castes population to total poputation Dislricf!Tehsil (Inhabited (Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage of villages in each range) r------.' ---__, ______...A- ______~ Villages) Nil 0-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-30 31 & above 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ,-,-,-,-,----_.--_.-_._ - .-_'-----~------ Bundi District 725 87 88 83 118 87 162 100 (100.00) (12.00) (12.14) (11.45) (16.28) (12.00) (22.34) (13.79) Hindoli Tehsil 149 11 10 20 31 14 40 23 (100.00) (7.38) (6.71) (13.42) (20.81) (9.39) (26.85) (15.44) Nilinwa Tehsil 164 24 23 16 26 22 33 20 (100.00) (14.63) (14.03) (9.76) (15.85) (13.41) (20.12) (12.20) Bundi Tehsil 253 36 42 30 30 27 49 39 (100.00) 04.23) (16.60) (11.86) (11.86) (10.67) (19.37) (15.41) Keshoraipatan Teh~il 159 16 13 17 31 24 40 18 (100.00) (10.06) (IUS) (10.69) (19.50) (15.09) (25.16) (11.32) 24. It wil be seen from thr above table that 26. Bundi district has Scheduled tribe popula there is no Scheduled Cast population in 87 villages in tion 583 inhabited village though the percentage of the district which constituts about 1 2 per cent of the tribal communities differs from village to village. A total total inhabuted villages. However in rest of the villages, of 105 or 14.48 per cent of the inhabited viIIages have nun' bering 638, they are found in varying pro such population upto 5 per cent of the total population portions, out of these, in 88 villages or I 2 per cent of 12.97 per cent villages (94 villages) have 6 to 15 per the total villages, their proportion is Jess than 5 per cent cent tribals, while 8.41 per cent (6 1 villages) have 16 to he total popUlation. In a group of 100 villages to 25 per cent and a similar percentage of villages their proporation is 3 1 per cent or even more. have 26 to 35 per cent of tribal communities. There are 70 villages (9.66 % of the total) which have 36 to 25. In other population rangs of Scheduled 50 per cent population of Scheduled Tribes while 192 caste popUlation to total popUlation viz., 6 to 10 villages (26.48% of total population villages) have per cent, 11 to 15 per cent, 16 to 20 per cent and highest proportion of tribal population i.e. 51 per 21 to 30 per cent the total number of village in each cent and above. The following table gives the number such category are 83 (11.45%), 1 18 (16.28%), of villages and their percentage to total villages in the 87 (12%) and 162 (22.34%) respectively. various ranges of tribal population for the district and its tehsils: ( xlvi ) TABLE No. 13 PROPORTION OF SCHEDULED TRIBES POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION IN THE VLLLAGES --~------_-- -~-~-~---~-- No. of villages in each percentage range of Scheduled Tribe population to total population Total (Figures in parenthesis indicate percentage of villages in each range) DistrictjTehsil (Inhabited ,------______..A.. ______,__ "'"""\ Villages) Nil up to 5 6-15 16-25 26-35 36-50 51 & above ------_------~--.------_- ---~--.------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ------~------Bundi District 725 142 105 94 61 61 70 192 (100.00) (19.59) (14.48) (12_97) (8.41) (8.41) (9.66) (26.48) Hindoli Tehsil 149 38 32 22 9 10 9 29 (100.00) (25.50) (21.48) (14.77) (6.04) (6.71) (6.04) (19.46) Nainwa Tehsil 164 44 26 15 8 8 ., 16 47 (100.00) (26.83) (15,85) (9.15) (4.88) (4.88) (9.75) (28.66) Bundi Tehsil 253 35 34 33 26 27 28 70 (l00_00) (13_83) (13.44) (13.04) (10.28) (10.67) (11.07) (27.67) Keshoraipatan Tehsil 159 25 13 24 18 16 17 46 (100.00) (15.72) (8.18) (15.10) (11.32) (10.06) (10.69) (28.93) ------27. The proportion of villages at tehsil level Hindoli tehsil. The proportion of villages which which have upto 5 per cent tribal population ranges have 51 per cent and above tribals ranges from 2!l93 from 46.98 per cent in Hindoli tehsil to 23.90 per per cent villages in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 19.46 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil. The percentage of villages cent villages in Hindoli tehsil. having 6 to 15 per cent tribal communities varies from 15.10 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 9.15 per 28. In the urban areas of Bundi district cent in Nainwa tehsil, while such proportion of villa- 17,082 persons belong to Scheduled Castes constitu- ges hu\ ing 1 6 to 25 per cent tribal population ranges ting I 7.11 per cent of the urban population of the fro1ll 1l.32 per cent in Keshoripatan tehsils to 4.88 dtstrict. The popUlation of the Scheduled Tribe per cent in Nainwa tchsil. The proportion of villages being 3,267 is however, smaller and constitutes 3.27 per having 26 to 35 per cent Scheduled Tribe population cent of the district .urban popUlation. The following varies from 10.67 per cent in Bundi tehsil to 4.88 table presents the urban population of the district per cent in Nainwa tehsil. The share of villages having alongwith the SchedUled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 36 to 50 per cent tribal communities varies from population besides indicating their proportionate share 11,fJ7 per cent in Bundi tehsil to 6.04 per cent in in the various urban centres: TABLE No. 14 PROPORATlON OF SCHEDULED CASTES AND SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATIONS IN TOWNS ------~~------_ -~------~------Percentage of Percentage of Total Total Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Total Name of Towns Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes population to population to population population population total total population population ~------~------1 2 3 4 5 6 ---~----~ All Towns 998,29 17,082 3,267 17.11 3.27 Bundi 48,027 5,269 776 10.97 1.62 Kaprain 10,296 1,952 1,814 18.96 17.62 Keshoraipatan 11,448 1,909 243 16.68 2.12 Lakheri 20,060 64,00 352 31.90 1.76 Nainwa 9,998 1,552 82 15.52 0.82 ------~------~------_-_ - -~----- Note: Town have been arranged in alphabetical order and includes outgrowth (5), jf any. ( xlvii ) 29. Thl: table reveals that the percentage of literacy is 24.21 per cent female literacy only 4.62 Scheduled Casles varies from 31.90 per cent in per cent. Higher litera<.:y rate of 45.19 per cent has Lakheri town to 10.97 per cent in Bundi town. been recorded in the urban areas of the district. Town Kaprain followed by Keshoraipatan and Nainwa Among urban males 58.90 per cent persons and as many contribute 18.96, 16.68 and 15.52 per cent respe as 29.82 per cent of the urban females are literate. ctively to the urban Scheduled Caste population. The following table gives the percentages of literacy The contribution to the tribal population of these among the total population, males and females for urban areas ranges from 17.62 per cent in Kaprain the district and its various tehsils by total, rural and town to 0.82 per cent in Nainwa town. Town urban areas : Keshoraipatan followed by Lakheri and Bundi contri bute 2.12,1.76 and 1.62 per cent respectively. TABLE No. 16 LITERACY BY SEX AND BY TOTAL, RURAL AND URBAN AREAS Literacy 30. Literacy, a significant demographic indi Total Percentage of literacy \:utor is below the state average in Bundi district. DistrictjTehsil Rural,- - __-- -" ______--, There are 20.l4 per cent literate persons in the Urban Persons Males Females district. The male literates constitute 30.10 per cent while only 8.92 per cent of females are reported to 2 3 4 5 be literates. The table below gives the comparative figures of literacy rate for persons, males and females Bundi District Total 20.14 30.10 8.92 since I 9 51 : Rural 15.01 24.21 4.62 Urban 45.19 58.90 29.82 TABLE No. 15 Hindoli Tehsil Total 11. 77 19.07 3.55 LITERACY SINCE 1951 Rural 11.77 19.07 3.55 Urban Literacy rate Census ,-____. ______...A...______~ Total 15.87 Year NaiJ1wa Tehsil 23.52 7.39 , Persons Males Females Rural 13.82 20.86 6.00 Urban 35.99 49.96 20.84 2 3 4 -- -_---_ -- ---~ -_---_---- Bundi Tehsil Total 22.99 33.00 11.57 1951 6.11 10.18 1.65 Rural 15.31 24.82 4.41 Urban 49.46 61.52 35.95 1961 11.85 18.96 3.92 Keshoraipatan Tehsil Total 26.48 40.43 10.85 1971 16.01 24.48 6.44 Rural 19.73 32.97 4.96 1981 20.14 30.10 8.92 Urban 42.49 5759 24.93 ------~-- ---_---_- 31. It will be ob5crved from the table that the 33. The literacy rate in the total area of literacy rate of the district has shown an upward tehsil varies from 26.48 per cent in Keshoraipatan trend during the period of thirty year. The literacy tehsil to 11 .77 per cent in Hindoli tehsil. Male literacy rate for persons which was only 6.11 in 1951 rose ranges from 40.4 3 per cant in Keshoraipatan tehsil to to 20.14 per cent in 1981. Similarly the male 19.07 per cent in Hindoli tehsil, while female literacy literacy rate has increased from 10.18 per cent to varies from It.S7 per cent in Bundi tehsil to 3.55 30.10 per cent while female literacy rate has siginfi per cent in Hindoli tehsil. The literacy rate in the cently increased from 1.65 per cent to 8.92 per cent rural population of the tehsils ranges from 1 9.73 during the past thirty years. per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsils to 11.77 per cent ill Hindoli tehsil. Male literacy rate in these 32. The percentages of literate popUlation in areas varies from 32.97 per cent in Keshoraipatan the district in the total areas for persons, males and tehsil to 19.07 per cent in Hindoli tehsil, while female females are 20.14,30.10 and 8.92 per cent respecti literacy in rural areas varies from 6 per cent in Naillwa vely as per I 98 I census. In the rural areas the tehsil to 3.55 per cent in Hindoli tehsil. The literacy literacy ratc for persons is 15.0 I per cent while male rate in the urban population is a little higher and ( xlviii ) langes from 49.46 per cent in Bundi tehsil to 35.99 it varies according to size-class of villages. Interes per cent in Nainwa tehsil. Male literacy in these tingly, the segment of literate population increases areas ranges from 61.52 percent in Bundi tehsil to proportionatily to the rise in Qopulation varying 49.96 per cent in NainwJ tehsil, while, female literacy from 34.76 per cent" in villages of the size class spreads from 35.95 per cent in Bundi tehsil to 20.84 5,000-9,999 to 6.68 per cent in villages of the size per cent in Nainwa tchsil. class of less than 200 popUlation, The table below presents the number of villages in different size classes 34. As already stated the literacy rate in the of populatioLl along with the literacy rate in each rural areas of the district is 15.01 per cent. However size for the district and various tehsils : TABLE No. 11 LITERACY RATES BY POPULATION RANGES OF VILLAGES No. of villages in each range of population Total (Figures in parenthesis indicate literacy rate in each range) ,.-______..A.. ____• ______--..... Distrkt/Tehsil (Inhabited Villages) Less than 200 200-499 500-1,999 2,000-4,999 5,000-9,999 10,000 & above ------_ ---- <----_- ---~<--~~------_-_-- __ -- _-- - 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -- --_ ~--~-~------~------Bundi district 725 109 289 2&8 37 2 (15.01) (6.68) (11.40) (14.20) (19.13) (34.76) Hindoli Tehsil 149 21 48 68 11 -1 (11.77) (4.59) (8.93) (10.03) (14.98) (22.83) Nainwa Tehsil 164 31 71 54 7 1 (13.82) (5.67) (8.32) (11.79) (16.37) (49.20) Bundi Tehsil 253 37 106 97 13 (15.31) (S.48) (11.12) (14.72) (21.97) Keshoraipatan Tehsil 159 20 64 69 6 (19.73) (7.62) (17.16) (19.70) (24.96) _-_ - -- 35. The literacy rate at tehsillevel ranges from tion. The table below gives the percentage of literate 8.48 per cent in Bundi ichsil to 4.59 per cent in population in the district and its various urban areas:' Hindoli tchsil. While in size class 200-499 population the literacy varies from 17.16 in Keshoraipatan TABLE No. 18 tehsil to 8.32 per cent in Nainwa tehsil, the proportion LITERACY RATES IN TOWNS of literate persons in the next size class 500-1,999 ranges from 24.96 in Bundi tehsil to 10.03 per cent in Hindoli tehsil. The size class of villages having Name of the Town Literacy Rate 2,000-4,999 persons has recordedlitera4.:yrateranging from 24.96 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil to 14.98 2 per cent in Hindoli. There are only two villages in the popUlation size class 5,000-9,999 one Bundi 49.46 in Naillwa tehsil and the other in Hindoli tehsil Kaprain 33.87 which have recorded literate persons as 49.20 and 22.83 per cent respectively, Kcshoraipatan 43.62 Lakheri 46.28 36, The literacy rate in the urban areas of Nainwa 35.99 Bundi district is 45.19 per cent of the their popula- ( xlix ) 37. The table shows that the literacy rate in the workers. The rural male population has 55.22 urban centres of Bundi district spreads from as high as per cent main workers, 0,62 per cent marginal 4&.46 per cent in Bundi town to 33.87 per cent workers and 44.16 per cent non-workers. The female in Kaprain LOwn. Towns of Lakheri, Keshoraipatan population of the rural areas of the district have and Nainwa have literate population 46.28, 43.62 its midst 13.32 per cent main workers, 8.73 per and 35.99 per cent respectively. l:ent marginal workers and 77.95 per ccnt non-workers. Working population 38·. Categorising persons engaged in various 40. In the urban centres of the district the economic activities the population of Bundi district is proporation of main workers is 26.12 per cent, divided into 33.93 percent main workers, 3.87 per which is rather low while the marginal workers cent marginal workers and 62.20 per cent non comprise only 1.13 percent. As many as 72.75 per workers. Male population of the district is divided cent persons are non-workers. Urban male population into 53.56 per cent main workers, 0.60 per cent is divided into segments constituting 45.40 per cent marginal workers and 45.84 per cent non-workers. main workers, 0.53 per cent marginal workers and The proporation of female main workers is only 54.07 per cent non-workers. The proportion of non 11.81 per cent while marginal workers constitute workers in urban female population is as high as 1.55 per cent. Not surprisingly, as high as 80.64 93.11 per cent and only 4.50 per cent of the females per cent females are categorised as non-workers. are main workers, while 1.70 per cent are marginal according to 198 1 census concepts of workers. workers. The following table gives the percentage of main workers, marginal workers and non-workers for 39. The rural population of the district IS the district and its various tehsils by total, rural and segmented into 35.53 per cent main workers, 4.4 3 urban areas separately: per cent marginal workers and 60.04 per cent non- TABLE No. 19 PERCENTAGE OF MAIN WORKERS, MARGINAL WORKERS AND NON-WORKERS IN THE DISTRICT Total Percentage of main workers Percentage of marginal workers Percentage of non-workers to DistrictfTehsil Rural to total popUlation to total population total population r- __ .__ ...A..__ ---., . ______..A.. ____--., Urban r------"------., r- P M F P M F P M F -~------~- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 _-_------~~------_ -- Bundl District Total 33.93 53.56 11.81 3.87 0.60 7.55 62.20 45.84 80.64 Rural 35.53 55.22 13.32 4.43 0.62 8.73 60.04 44.16 77.95 • Urban 26.12 45.40 4.50 1.13 0.53 1.79 72.75 54.07 93.71 Hindoli Tehsil Total 39.63 57.23 19.79 3.39 0.58 6.56 56.98 42.19 73.65 Rural 39.63 57.23 19.79 3.39 0.58 6.56 56.98 42.19 73.65 Urban Nainwa Tehsil Total 32.07 53.J6 8.68 7.94. 1.l0 J5.53 59.99 45.74 75.79 Rural 32.69 53.93 9.10 8.56 1.13 16.81 58.75 44.94 74.09 Urban 25.89 45.54 4.58 1.93 0.81 3.15 72.18 53.65 92.27 Bundi Tchsil Total 34.73 53.56 13.23 2.99 0.44 5.91 62.28 46.00 80.86 Rural 37.03 55.79 15.52 3.74 0.50 7.46 59.23 43.71 77.02 Urban 26.75 45.77 5.45 0.43 0.24 0.64 72.82 53.99 93.91 KcmlOraipatan Tchsi! Total 29.14 50.60 5.08 2.48 0.49 4.72 68.38 48.91 90.20 Rural 30.68 53.00 5.79 2.81 0.36 5.53 66.51 46.64 88.68 Urban 25.46 44.94 3.38 1.74 0.80 2.80 72.80 54.26 93.82 ------_. ------~--~- --_ ) 4 I . At the tehsill level the percentage of main cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil. On the whole in the workers in the total areas spreads from 39.63 per rural areas the percentage of marginal workers are cent in Hindoli tehsil to 29.14 per cent in Keshorai higher than in the total areas while in the urban areas patan tehsil. The proportion of male workers in these proportions arc lower. these areas comes to 57.23 per cent in Hindoli tehsil and it goes down to 50.60 per cent in Keshoraipatan 43. The large stratum of non-wor- tehsil. Female population in the total arcas of the kers ranges from 68.38 per cant in Keshoraipatan tchsils has returued 5.08 per cent in Kcshoraipatan tchsil to 56.98 per cent in Hindoli tehsil, male non-' tehsil to 19.79 per cent as in Hindoli tehsil as main workers forming from 48.91 per cent in Keshorai workers at tehsil level. All total, in the rural areas patan tehsil and the lowest 42.91 per cent in Hindoli the proportions of main workers are a little higher in tehsil. The female segment non-participants in economic comparision to the total areas, while the urban cent activities constitute as high as from 90.20 per cent res have recorded low percentages. in Keshoraipatan tehsil with 73.65 per cent in Hindoli tehsil. Thus the non-workers in the rural 42. The segment of marginal workers in the areas in various tehsils have lower proportions vis-a-vis total areas comprises 7.94 per cent in Nainwa tehsi! urban areas in the district. with the lowe~t 2.48 per cent being returned by Keshoraipatan tehsil. While the proportion of male 44. Agriculture still remains the main stay of marginal workers in these areas is more 1.10 per the bulk of the pepole in the district for 67.53 per cent in Nainwa tehsil it has negligible 0.44 per cent cent of the male working population and 78.37 per in Bundi tt'hsil. The female marginal workers vary cent of the female working populalion are engaged from 1 5.53 per cent in N ainwa tehsil to 4.72 per in this work. Of the total agricultural workers 59.71 TABLE No. 20 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING POPULATION BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES Categories of Main Workers ,------~~-- ______..A. ______~_~ ____'--' Total Total Main Workers Agricultural Household Other Name of Districtj Rural Cultivatiors Labourers Industry Workers Tehsil Urban ,-___A_,___ __ ~ ,-_..A._~ ,-_..A._--. ,-__ ..A___~ ,-_..A. ___ --. Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females Males Females -- -~------~------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 BURdi District Total 100.00 100.00 59.71 57.97 7.83 20.40 2.73 1.84 29.73 19.79 Rural 100.00 100.00 67.75 61.44 8.56 21.25 2.51 1.44 21.18 15.87 Urban 100.00 100.00 11.90 8.12 3.42 8.03 4.03 7.65 80.65 76.20 Hindoli Tp.hsil Total 100.00 100.00 72.31 76.97 4.15 11.:~ 2.67 1.11 20.87 10.72 Rural 100.00 100.00 72.31 76.97 4.15 11.20 2.67 1.11 20.87 10.72 Urban Nainwa Tehsil Total 100.00 100.00 71.83 72.41 3.80 11.56 3.50 2.54 20.87 13.49 Rural 100.00 100.00 76.21 74.43 3.80 11.52 3.11 2.39 16.88 11.66 Urban 100.00 100.00 20.44 33.64 3.76 12.27 8.11 5.45 67.69 48.64 Bundi Tehsil Total 100.00 100.00 50.02 45.22 8.56 23.55 2.53 2.19 38.89 29.04 Rural 100.00 100.00 60.84 49.73 10.44 25.87 2.21 1.35 26.60 23.05 Urban 100.00 100.00 4.02 1.62 0.58 1.05 4.25 10.28 91.15 87.05 Keshoraipatan Tehsil Total 100.00 100.00 53.10 23.68 13.55 51.26 2.48 2.10 30.89 22.96 Rural 100.00 100.00 65.36 26.58 16.01 59.00 2.36 1.77 16.27 12.65 Urban 100.00 100.00 19.04 11.76 6.65 19.61 2.81 3.47 71.50 65.t6 ------~.-~- --~ ------~--- --.,.-.- _------~------~---- -~--- ( Ii ) per cent of males and 57.97 per cent of females are 46. At the tehsil level the percentage of male engaged in cultivation while the remaining 7.83 per workers engaged in cultivation ranges from 72.3 1 cent males and 20.40 per cent females form the per cent in Hindoli tehsil to 50.02 per cent in Bundi group of agricultural labourers. About 2.73 per tehsil while in female population participation in this cent male workers and 1.84 per cent of female wor activity varies from 76.97 per cent in Hindoli tehsil kers are engaged in household industry. While the to 23,68 per cent in Keshoraipatan tehsil. In the remaining 29.73 per cent of males and 19.79 per urban areas the proportions of workers engaged in cent females are engaged in 'other work'. In rural other activities are higher both in the case of males areas the porportions of agricultural labourers are a as well as female workers. little higher while workers in household industry and other workers are higher in urban areas vis-a-vis Changes during last thirty years rural areas in the is distric(. 47. Soon after the independence and ushering in of demographic set-up in states, a lot of develop 45. In the urban areas 8 O. 6 5 per cent of the male ment took place at all levels for improving socio workers and 76.20 per cent of the female workers economic conditions of the people. In the following are engaged in other activities. Only I 5.32 per cent table an attempt has been made to provide statistics of the urban male workers and 16.1 5 per cent female to indicate the trends since the turn of the period i.e., workers are found in the agricultural activities while expiry of the pre-independence era. It shows the 4.03 per cent of males and 7.65 per cent of female, total popUlation, proportion of urban population, workel s earn their livelihood in household industry. decadal variation in the urban population, changes Table No. 20 presents the percentage of workers in the density and sex-ratio from decade to decade. in diff~rent economic activities by sex and by total Figures for the state as a whole have also been shown rural and urban areas for the district and its various in the table with a view to have a comparative picture tehsils. about these demogoaphic aspects TABLE No. 21 GROWTH DENSITY AND SEX-RATIO OF URBAN POPULATION IN THE DISTIRICT IN RELATION TO THE STATE ------_------Bundi District Rajasthan State r------..A... ______- __---, r------..A...------" Decadal Sex-ratio Decadal Sex-ratio Density Density Census Total Urban Per cent percentage (Number Per cent percentage (Number (POpu- (Popu- Year popula- popula- urban variation of Total Urban urban variation of lation lation tion tion popula- in females population population popu- in females per tion urban per per 1,000 lation urban per 1,000 sq. km.) population sq. km.) males) population males) ------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ---.------1951 2,80,518 47,758 17.02 N.A. 951 1,59,70,774 29,55,275 18.50 N.A. 928 1961 3,38,010 51,739 15.31 +8.34 357 896 2,01,55,602 32,81,478 16.28 +11.04 598 882 1971 4,49,021 65,548 14.60 +26.69 888 891 2,57,65,806 45,43,761 17.63 +38.47 1,198 875 1981 5,86,982 99,829 17.01 +52.30 705 891 3,42,61,862 72,10,508 21.05 +58.69 1,603 877 ---~~ ------~~--- CENSUS HOUSES AND DISABLED PERSONS CenSIJS Houses Disabled Population According to Houselistillg Operations 111 3. In the district according to Houselisting 1980, there were 1,42,310 Census Houses in the Operations in 1 980, there were in all, 1,527 disabled district representing 1.78 per cent of the total census persons who constituted 1.91 per cent of the houses in the State. Out of these total houses total disabled population (80,043) in the State. 1 , J 5,750 (8 I. 3 4 %) were located in rural areas and Out of the total 1,527 disabled persons 1,387 the remacing 26,560 (18.66%) in the urban units of (90.83(/~) were found in the rural areas while the the district. The distribution of houses by the remaining 140 (9.17%) were enumerated in the urban uses to which they were put in the total rural and centres of the district. The distribution of the disabled urban areas of the district is given below : persons by various types of disablities to total disabled population for total, rural and urban areas for the TABLE No. 22 district and tehsils is given in the table below: CENSUS HOUSES AND THEIR USES TABAL No. 23 U,es to which the No. of Census Houses DISABLED POPULAnON Census Houses are put (percentages within brackets) ,.- ______..A... _____ ~ District/Tchsil/ Total Totally Totally Totally Total Rural Urban Town Rural Blind Crippled Dumb ______Ur_ba_n______ Total Census Houses 1,42,310 1,15,750 26,560 Bundi District 923 445 151} (100.00) (100.00) (loo.Og) T R 844 404 139 U 79 41 20 ( i) Vacant 11,680 9,315 2,365 (8.21) (8.05) (8.90) Hindoli Tehsil R 266 94 34 (ii ) Wholly or partly 1,04,370 85,800 18,570 Nainwa Tehsil T 222 86 28 residential houses (73.34) (74.12) (69.92) R 211 82 27 U 11 4 (iii) Houses put to non-resi- 9,805 6,130 3,675 Nainwa Town 4 dential uses (6.89) (5.30) (13.84) U 11 Bundl Tehsil T 258 146 57 ( iv) Others 16,455 14,505 1,950 R 231 133 51 (11.56) (12.53) (7.34) U 27 13 6 ------~------_--_-- _- ---~-~-~- BundiTown U 27 13 6 2. It will be seen from the above table that 74. I 2per cent of the houses in the rural areas of the Keshoraipatan Tehsil T 177 119 40 distrid were being used for residential purposes, R 136 95 27 U 41 24 13 5.30 c' ~ for nOll residential lIses e.g. hotels, shops, business houses, factories, restaurants, places of enter Lakheri Town U 21 11 11 tainmenl and worship, etc., 12.53 per cent houses for Kaprain Town U 12 7 1 other purposes and the remaining 8.05 per cent were Keshoraipatan Town U 8 6 vacant. Similarly in the urban areas of the district 69.92 per cent ho uses were used for residential 4. A glance at this table would indicate that purposes, 13.84 per cent for non-residential purposes, blind persons alone constituted 60.45% of the total 7.34 per cent for other purposes and 8.90 per cent disabled persons in the district followed by the were found vacant hOllses. A comparative analysis of crippled (29.14%) and dumb (10.41 %). Among the uses of cen~us houses in rural and urban areas the three types of disabilities blindness is the shows that the proportion of non-resi- dential as well major affliction both in the rural as well as urban as vacant houses in urban areas is higher vis-a-vis areas of the district, the number of blind persons rural areas while more hOllses are being used for being more than double the number of crippled persons other purposes in rural areas lhan in urban areas. and five times of the dumb. ANALYTICAL NOTE-VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY There arc 737 villages in district Bundi, of which 38 have been postal facilities wl1ile in Bundi 98.37 per cent are inhabited and the rest 1.63 per tehsil only 19 per cent of the villages have this facility. cent uninhabited. The highest percentage number In other words 160 inhabited villages of the district of inhabited villages is in tehsil Hindoli and the have this facility. At tehsil level the maximum lowest is in Bundi tehsil. number of 49 post and telegraph offices are located in Bundi tehsil while the minimum number of 7 such 2. In all 64.69 percent of inhabited villages offices are located in Keshoraipatan tehsil. are served with educational facilities at the district level and 74.21 per cent villages of Keshoraipatan 6. About three per cent (21 villages) of the tehsil being the maximmum and the minimum 54.15 inhabited villages have market/hat facilities in all the in Bundi tehsil among tehsils. four tehsils of the district taken together. 3. Medical and health amenities are available 7. About 18 percent of the villages (129) in in more than 1 2 percent of the inhabited villages of the district enjoy communication facilities, viz. bus the district and among the tehsils they range between stand/railway station facilities the maximum being in 6.71 percent in tehsil Nainwa to 15.02 per cent in Nainwa tehsil and the minimum in Bundi Tehsil. Bundi tehsil. 8. About 17 per cent inhabited villages of the 4. Drinking water is available in all the district are approachable by Pucka road from the inhabited villages of the district. communication point and about 22 per cent of them are served with electricity as would be seen in the 5. In the district Hindoli is the only tehsil where following table presenting distribution of villages 25 per cent of the total inhabited villages numbering according to the availability of various amenities: TABLE No. 24 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO THE AVAILABILITY Oli' DIFFERENT AMENITIES ------No. (with percentage) of villages having one or more of the following amenities No. r------. __..A. ___ ------"""'"'1 District/Tehsil (Inhabited Villages) Education Medical Drinking Post & Market/Hat Commun- Approch by Power water Telegraph incation Pucka Road supply ------_-- ~------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -~------~ ------Bundi District 725 469 91 725 160 21 129 121 159 (100.00) (64.69) (12.55) (100.00) (22.07) (2.90) (17.79) (16.69) (21.93) Hindoli Tchsil 149 107 22 149 38 2 27 17 36 (100.00) (11.81) (14.76) (100.00) (25.50) (1.34) (18.12) (11.41) (24.16) Nainwa Tehsil 164 107 II 164 37 6 36 22 44 (100.00) (65.24) (6.71) (100.00) (22.56) (3.66) (21.95) (13.41) (26.83) Btmdi Tchsil 253 137 38 253 4~ 6 36 54 61l (100.00) (54.15) (15.02) (100.00) (19.37) (2.37) (14.23) (21.34) (26.88) Keshoraipatan Tehsil 159 118 20 159 36 7 30 28 11 (100.00) (74.21) (12.58) (100.00) (22.64) (4.40) (18.87) (17.61) (6.92) ------~-- liv 9. Morc than 86 per ccni of the rural 1 1. More than 28 per cent popUlation of the popUlation of the district are served with educational district enjoy with communication facilities while amenities. The maximum facilities being available about 36 per cent have the electric facility of obta in tehsil Keshoraipatan and minimum in tehsil Bundi. ining power supply. Pucka approach road from the bus Stand/Railway station is available to only 24.80 10. About 34 per cent of the districts rural per cent of the rural popUlation. Details regarding population have been provided some medical facility proportion of rural population served with different and more than 47 per cent enjoy postal facilities. amenities at tehsil/district level have been presented But only above 10 per cet of the rural folk have in the following table: market/hat facility in their own village. TABLE No. 25 PROPORTION OF RURAL POPULATION SERVED BY DIFFERENT AMENITIES -- --~" -- Total Proportion of rural population served by the amenity of ,--_ -______._. ______...A.. ______~ population Name of District/ of inhabited Post Approach Tehsil Drinking villages in Education Medical & Market/ Communi by Pucka Power water Hat the Tehsil Telegraph cation Road supply -- ._----_.-- _--- ._-- ~ ---~~~------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bundi District 4,87,120 86.36 33.63 100.00 41.43 10.12 28.39 24.80 35.87 Hindoli Tehsil 1,24,336 92.26 41.52 100.00 55.17 7.62 33.97 14.08 42.25 Nainwa Tehsil 98,040 87.35 29.04 100.00 53.13 16.60 44.17 27.10 43.25 Bundi Tehsil 1,65,593 77.53 31.95 100.00 39.49 7.44 20.54 33.21 39.28 Keshoraipatan Teh~il 99,151 92.74 31.09 100.00 45.38 11.34 18.88 21.93 14.88 TABLE No. 26 12. In case of villages where educational DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES NOT 'HAVING CERTAIN amenities are not available schools are form located AMENITIES, ARRANGED BY DISTANCE RANGES within 5 km. in 88.63 per cent such villages medical FROM THE PLACES WHERE THESE ARE AVAILABLE health centres exist within 10 km. in case of about 79 per cent villages. Number of villages where the amenity is not available and Villages not having available at distance (in km.) of 1 3. Postal facilities are available within 5 km. the ,..~ ____...A. _____ ---, amenity of in case of about 65 per cent villages. While for about Less than-5 5-10 10+ Total 47 per cent villages, Market or hat can be reached (eols. 2-4) within 10+ km. communication pOints/centers exist 2 3 4 5 in about 44 percent villages within 5 km in case of villages which do not have them. The following Education 227 26 3 256 ta ble gives the distribution of villages not having Medical 246 255 133 634 various amenities by distance ranges from the placc Drinking water where these are available at district level: Post and Telegraph 368 135 62 565 Market/Hat 157 216 331 704 Communication 262 178 156 596 Iv 14. The largest number of inhabited villages in power supply amenities fall in distance range 16-50 the district is located at 16-50 km from the nearest km while the maximum number of villages served with town followed by those located at 6-1 5 km. Only comunication and pLlcka approach road fall in two villages are situated in the district range 51 km. distance range 6-15 km from the nearest town. The and above. following table presents the distribution of villages according to the distance from the nearest town and 15. The largest number of villages served with availability of different amenities: educational, medical, drinking water, market/hat and TABLE No. 27 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO THE DISTANCE FROM THE NEAREST TOWN AND AVAILABILITY OF DIFFERENT AMENITIES No. (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of Distance Range r------..A.. __ ------~ from the Total (Inhabited Post Approach nearest town Drinking Marketl Communi- Villages) Education Medical & by Pucka Power (in km.) water Telegraph Hat cation Road Supply 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------0- 5 46 24 1 46 9 ] 8 13 13 (52.17) (2.17) (100.00) (19.57) (2.17) (17.39) (28.26) (28.26) 6-15 288 199 36 288 65 6 65 57 76 (69.10) (12.50) (100.00) (22.57) (2.08) (22.57) (19.79) (26.39) 16-50 389 244 53 389 85 14 55 51 69 (62.72) (13.62) (100.00) (21.85) (3.60) (14.14) (13.11) (17.74) 51 & above 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 (100.00) (50.00) (100.00) (50.00) (50.00) (50.00) Total 725 469 91 725 160 21 129 121 159 (64.69) (]2.55) (100.00) (22.07) (2.90) (]7.79) (16.69) (21.93) ------~- 16. A great majority percentage of inhabited tage inhabited village enjoying various amen ties shows villages lie in the population range up to 499 follo- an increase among villages in higher population range wCQ by those in the population range 500-1,999. as may be seen from the following table which depicts There are only two villages in the population range distribution of villages according to population range 5,000 & above in this district. The number of percen- and amenities: TABLE No. 28 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO POPULATION RANGE AND AMENITIES AVAILABLE No. (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of Total ,-______..A.. _____ ---~ Approach Power- Population Range (Inhabited Drinking Post & Commun- by Pucka Supply Villages) Education Medical water Telegraph Market/Hat ication Road ------~ ------_--_ --- -- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------_ -_------_----- Upto 499 397 158 9 397 17 49 52 58 (39.80) (2.27) (100.00) (4.28) (12.34) (13.10) (14.61) 500-1,999 289 272 48 289 105 10 57 51 73 (94.12) (16.61) (100.00) (36.33) (3.46) (19.72) (17.65) (25.26) 2,000-4,999 37 37 32 37 36 9 21 17 26 (100.00) (86.49) (100.00) (9730) (24.32) (56.76) (45.95) (70.27) 5,000 & above 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (100.00) (50.00) (100.00) ------_------_------_------_ ------_------_- Total 725 469 91 725 160 21 129 12] 159 (64.69) (12.55) (100.00) (22.07) (2.90) (17.79) (16.69) (21.93) Ivi ) 17. 'Wheat' is the main staple food in the area to the total area is to be seen in tchsil Keshorai. majority of villages in all the tehsils of district Bundi. p;1tan and minimum in tehsil Hindoli. The highest percentage of irrigated area to cultivable area is in 18. About 60 per cent of the total an:a of Keshoraipatan tehsil and minimun in Nainwa tehsil inhabited villages is cultivable and about 34 per cent as is evident from the following table depicting distri is irrigated. The highest percentage of cultivable bution of villages according to land use: TABLE No. 29 DISTRIBUTION OF VILLAGES ACCORDING TO LAND USE .~-~-~ .----~--~~ Total Total area Percentage of Percentage of Name of DistrictJTehsil (Inhabited (i"hectares) Cultivable area to irrigated area to total villages) total area cultivable area - - .. _- -_------_- ---_ --- _- -_. ------_-.- - 2 3 4 5 _ . _---_------_- --_- ._ _ _- - . Bundi District 725 5,39,456 59.68 33.93 Hindoli Tehsil 149 1,34,126 51.37 29.59 Nainwa Tehsil 164 1,10,698 69.91 17.37 Bundi Tehsil 253 1,86,810 51.84 41.96 Keshoraipatan Tehsil 159 1,07,822 73.09 44.11 19. In case of urban centres per capita munici~ expenditure comes to Rs. 44.10 per annum. The pd.l receipt comes to Rs. 50.94 per annum at the highest per capita expenditure is in Lakheri and district level. At the town level the highest per minimum in Nainwa town. capita receipt is in Lakheri and minimum in Nainwa town. The per capita receipt is more than the district 21. The per capita receipt is more than the average in two towns viz. Bundi and Lakheri and per capita expenditure in all the towns of the district in the remaining three towns it is less than the which is indicative of surplus budgets. The largest per district average. The highest per capita receipt capita expenditure is on public works and general through taxes is in Lakheri and minimum in Nainwa administration in most of the urban centres as is town. evident from the following table showing annual per capita receipt and expediture according to broad 20. At the district level per capita municipal classifications. TABLE No. 30 PER CAPITA RECEIPT AND EXPENDITURE IN TOWNS Per Capita __._. ___ ._. ______...A... ______~ r- Receipt Expenditure Class, Name & r------. __---A- ~ Civic status of Receipt Receipt Total General Expenditure Expenditure the Town Total through from all expenditure administra- on Public Public- an public Other taxes other sources tion health and works institution aspects conveninces 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total 50.94 13.67 19.27 44.10 18.05 4.47 11.22 1.19 9.17 Bundi (M) II1 52.70 34.89 17.81 42.46 26.07 0.04 5.52 0.13 10.70 Kaprain (M) IV 35.45 19.42 16.03 32.44 19.42 0.19 4.86 1.17 6.80 Keshoraipatan (M) IV 50.20 32.14 18.06 48.72 13.58 9.29 11.32 14.53 Lakhcri (M) III 65.10 40.18 24.92 61.37 6.03 10.62 33.68 4.97 6.07 Nainwa (M) V 30.83 11.23 19.60 24.09 7.34 12.35 0.06 4.34 ,_-----_ ------.~--- lvii ) 22. Educational institutions at the level of lowest 0.50 in Lakheri. The number of educational Higher Secondary, Inter/PUC/Junior college are institutions per ten thousand population at the junior functioning in two out of the five urban centres and secondary /middle level as well as at primary level is the number of such institutions per ten thousand more than the district average in one out of five population comes to 0.50 in Lakheri town and 0.42 urban centres in the district. The details may be seen in Bundi town. The highest number of educational from the following table showing number of various institutions of Secondary I Matriculation level per ten types of schools per ten thousand population in thousand population comes 2.00 in Nainwa and towns: TABLE No. 31 SCHOOLS PER TEN THOUSAND POPULATION IN TOWNS No. per ten thousand population r------_...A.. __ -- -.------, Name Class, and Civic ~tatus of Town Higher Secondary! Junior Inter!PUC! Secondary! Secondary! Primary Matriculation Junior College Middle 2 3 4 5 All Town 0.30 1.00 3.11 4.71 Bundi (M)-lll 0.42 0.62 4.16 4.16 Kaprain (M)-IV 1.94 2.91 8.74 Keshoraipatan (M)-lV 1.75 2.62 4.37 Lakheri (M)-III 0.50 0.50 1.50 3.99 Nainwa (M)-V 2.00 2.00 5.00 23. The number of beds in medical institutions in Nainwa as may be seen from the following table per one thousand population in urban centres comes giving number of beds in medical institutions per to 1.53 at district level. At the town level the 1,000 population in towns: highest such ratio is available in Bundi and the lowest TABLE No. 32 NO. OF BEDS IN MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS IN TOWNS No. or beds in medical Class, Name and Civic status Class, Name and Civic status No. of beds in medical institutions per of the Town of the Town in~titutions per 1,000 population 1,000 population 2 2 Total 1.53 Keshoripatal1 (M)-IV 0.70 Bundi (M)-llI 2.29 Lakhcri (M)-lIl 1.30 Kaprain (M)-IV 0.58 Nainwa (M)-V 0.30 ( lviii ) 24. There is no slum area in any of the towns cement are the most important commodity exported, in Bundi district. cloth is the most important commodity imported in most of the towns of the district. The following table 25. Sligar and lime powder are the most shows the most important commodity manufactured, important commodity manufactured while sugar and exported and imported in urban centres of the district: TABLE No. 33 MOST IMPORTANT COMMODITY MANUFACTURED, IMPORTED AND EXPORTED IN TOWNS Most important commodity Class, Name and Civic status of ,-- - ______...A...______---... the Town Manufactured Exported Imported 2 3 4 Bundi (M)-lIl Edible oil Jaggery Cloth Kaprain (M)-IV Bricks Rice Oil Keshoraipatan (M)-IV Sugar Sugar Cloths Lakheri (M)-III Lime Powder Cement Sugar Nainwa (M)-IV Carpets Edible oil Jaggery fur~T ~;:m'OT;:n m~ ~ i1';~T f\ifm C'\ ;;riflT~'fT I lfT~'firii (f~T Sprrm'fiT 'fiT ~rf~'fi tJ;cf ~n::rTf\Jf'fi If-T;;r'fT'1;fT ~ f~ir ~~T fff,"{T !f'"{ ~tf<§'T'.ffr!J ~H:Tn:: ~~H 'fi'"{<:fT ~ I ;;r;:PTl:!FfT frr~'!1TT<1!J &TU fi9'if~<:f ~cf ~mf~<:f it ~TJf q w~.r<::qn: ~r'fi~ ~~ir'fi f;;r~ ~ f~lf ~~lf -~~if \If'fif"l:!f'fT ~fm '1;f~}TcTf'f'fi<:fhrT ;f; f<1"lr ~clf;:<:f ~!JTifT I '$f~lr"fi' f;Jr<1"T \Jf'flf"l:!f'fT '!ftCfCflT it ~T 'q"Tlf ~ :- 'q"Tlf - ,~' ~ '$f~lt \Jf-q~fCf~p;:rl U ~oTfU<:f ~rrT <:f! ~~ ~f<:ffWfi \I:~rrT ~T if~ ~ I S!1T ~q'"{~;:Sf l5fT<'fTt<:fq 1 frr~wor., \Jfi'flT"l:!fi'fT ~TllT\Jfrr, ,"{T::JfPHrr ~cf :a-rrifi tl"QllT f ~rr fOff7;a a~T \j!f!JTlfT ~taopT OPT ~tllf t:f'"{ ~,"{T 1:t1l. ~1l. ~. 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S$fT i'f=t;::ir~~ H Gf~ ~~ 2. ~r ~$~<:f q~rG SJ;f;::itISfOfi 3. qr cfOfi+f';:F· 1. 9..;rr il;f(f~ fB"~ qf<:co WT);::rfcf~ 2. ;:;rr 'fcr~cr'f nT«)f~<.:fr ~~)~fCft\. 3. ;:;rr 11'Be ~f"{lj r ~~)<1fqC{ 4. 9.:1f ~JfT~r~ er+fr erf"{l;C5 >;fTfe~G 5. 9..;rr m~o <1 f~~ >;fTfG~c 6. 9.:1f if~rCfr"{f6"Q: q'<:fr-: >;frfcfc 7. lQ"r 5f~~TG fCfiWT"{ !1flfr >;fTf~c s. ~r ~ f«q: Cff~ SfT~<: <:fTT ~!ff 'qrG: ~hfr ~if{gOfi 2. m fera-;:':l ~lfP: >;f~l1~T ~1f(!r ~1f~ 1. S!tT Cfi;:~lfmT9' fftf~lfSfir ~~Tlf* 2. s-.;;rT "{ifTCfiFa !ffl1T $I''" lfi WTUOfi 3. 9_;yr ~IT~if'if qf(1' $I' Cfi lITT ClCfi '" 4. s-.;;rr f'1~Cfrrqm "{Tif'Ter(f ~1f~Cfi ~""~ln-tt~ ~Cfi (i;frflT~T 1 98 1) U"ffl!fT'f '!it ~qql 342,239 34,261,862 100.00 +32.97 24.38 919 30.48 20,634 2,029,968 3 5.93 +45.62 26.03 874 29.48 2. ;fT~ 27,244 848,749 20 2.48 +48.08 28.20 891 29.31 3. ~ 16,830 1,179,466 16 3.44 +34.88 21.86 954 29.50 4. '1''''1 5,928 1,211,583 15 3.54 +30.39 28.61 956 25.Q4 8,380 1,771,173 5 5.17 +27.32 26.53 892 26.73 6. m~ 8,100 1,884,132 4 5.50 +36.43 26.05 831 27.27 10,527 1,535,870 9 4.48 +28.68 23.23 867 28.86 8. ~ 14,068 3,420,574 9.98 +37.79 31.40 894 29.37 9. m~ 7,732 1,337,245 11 4.02 +32.09 25.43 963 42.62 10. ;;{~~ 8,481 1,440,336 10 4.20 +25.50 35.30 922 35.83 11. ii'ii 7,194 783,635 22 2.29 +25.21 20.56 928 33.37 12. ~ 38,401 242,082 26 0.71 +45.77 15.80 811 32,09 13. ~ 22,850 1,667,791 6 4.87 +44.68 26.64 909 30.59 14. ifTtTn: 17,718 1,628,669 7 4.75 +29.Q4 19.38 958 33.11 15. !fl~) 12,387 1,274,504 13 3.72 +31.39 21.87 946 32.07 16. lfT¥iR 28,387 1,118,892 17 3.27 +44.41 12.29 904 31.85 17 ;;rr~h: 10,640 903,073 18 2.64 +35.20 13.70 942 29.41 18. mTirT 5,136 542,049 25 1.58 +27.90 20.07 963 29.46 19. .n.r