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El Concepto De Relacionalidad Personal En S. A. Kierkegaard

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El Concepto De Relacionalidad Personal En S. A. Kierkegaard UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA TESIS DOCTORAL El concepto de relacionalidad personal en S. A. Kierkegaard MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR Santiago Huvelle Director José Luis Cañas Fernández Madrid 2019 © Santiago Huvelle, 2018 UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Tesis doctoral El concepto de relacionalidad personal en S. A. Kierkegaard. Propuesta por: Santiago Huvelle Director de tesis: J. L. Cañas Fernández Madrid 2018 A mis padres. A Gemma. ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN ...................................................................................................................................... 9 El tema y su justificación ............................................................................................................10 Planteamiento general ................................................................................................................14 Metodología y aparato crítico ...................................................................................................18 Estructura de la disertación ......................................................................................................20 I. ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR ..................................................................................................................23 1. Vida y obra ...............................................................................................................................24 1.1. La edad de oro danesa ....................................................................................................24 1.2. La familia Kierkegaard ....................................................................................................34 1.3. Infancia y juventud ...........................................................................................................36 1.4. Regine Olsen .......................................................................................................................40 1.5. El Concepto de ironía en constante referencia a Sócrates ................................43 1.6. Escritos de Søren Kierkegaard ....................................................................................47 i. Cuadro cronológico de las publicaciones .................................................................48 ii. Escritos Pseudónimos ....................................................................................................50 iii. Escritos firmados por S. K. ..........................................................................................55 iv. Nota sobre los Diarios y Papeles ...............................................................................61 1.7. La Autoría ............................................................................................................................63 1.8. Muerte ...................................................................................................................................74 2. Leer a Kierkegaard ...................................................................................................................76 2.1. Sócrates.................................................................................................................................79 2.2. Stemning: la disposición reclamada. ..........................................................................92 2.3. La palabra del autor: el Punto de vista .................................................................. 100 2.4. El punto de vista, en los escritos firmados. .......................................................... 116 2.5. Conclusiones metodológicas ..................................................................................... 119 II. EL CONCEPTO DE RELACIONALIDAD PERSONAL EN S. KIERKEGAARD ..................... 121 3. La estructura ontológica de la vida humana: el hombre como síntesis ............ 122 3.1. Tiempo y eternidad ....................................................................................................... 123 3.1.1 La vivencia discontinua del tiempo: Don Juan y el poeta de los ΔΙΑΨΑΛΜΑΤΑ. .................................................................................................................... 123 5 3.1.2 La vivencia del tiempo humano a partir de la experiencia de la libertad ................................................................................................................................................... 134 3.1.3 Vivir la eternidad en el tiempo, vivirse en la paciencia ........................... 138 3.2. Libertad y necesidad ..................................................................................................... 146 3.2.1 Lo necesario y lo posible ...................................................................................... 148 3.2.2 La angustia como vértigo de la libertad ......................................................... 151 3.2.3 Libertad y libre albedrío ...................................................................................... 158 1.2.4 Libertad y bien ......................................................................................................... 162 3.3. Infinitud y finitud ........................................................................................................... 167 3.3.1 La infinitud como evasión y la finitud como asfixia del espíritu .......... 167 3.3.1.1 Ejemplos existenciales de la desesperación de la infinitud .......... 169 i. La infinitización por vía del sentimiento. ................................................... 169 ii. La infinitización por vía del conocimiento. .............................................. 171 iii. La infinitización por vía de la voluntad. ................................................... 174 3.3.1.2 Ejemplos existenciales de la desesperación de la finitud. ............. 175 3.3.2. La relación absoluta y el pathos de la interioridad ................................... 179 3.4. El «otro» ( y el «Otro») en la constitución relacional del Selv ...................... 184 3.5. El hombre: una síntesis (singularizada) en devenir......................................... 188 3.5.1 Recepción o rechazo de sí mismo: desesperación y fe ............................. 190 4. El individuo singular............................................................................................................. 196 4.1 Ser (at være) y llegar a ser (at blive) un individuo singular .......................... 198 4.2 Individuo singular y multitud .................................................................................... 201 4.3. El Individuo singular ante las relaciones interpersonales y la comunidad ....................................................................................................................................................... 208 4.3.1. El individuo singular es condición para toda relación humana plena, por tanto, para toda comunidad. ................................................................................. 209 4.3.2. Solo puede el individuo singular ser tal en la concreción de su realidad, y su realidad es necesariamente social y posiblemente comunitaria. .......... 210 4.3.3. Sin compromiso es imposible la alteridad. Juan el seductor no tiene alteridad (el otro no existe como otro), el casado sí. ........................................... 213 4.3.4. El individuo singular no puede ser sí mismo sin amor y amar es dar a luz al otro en tanto que otro. ......................................................................................... 219 4.3.5. A modo de recapitulación: hacia una idea de comunidad en Kierkegaard. ......................................................................................................................... 223 5. El concepto de relacionalidad personal ........................................................................ 225 6 5.1. Alvoren: la seriedad o la relación de sí mismo ante Dios. .............................. 228 5.1.1. La seriedad como superación a la sujeción de los estados de ánimo. 229 5.1.2. La seriedad como experiencia de lo irreversible ....................................... 232 5.1.3. La seriedad a la luz de la culpa y la confesión de los pecados. ............. 237 5.1.3.1 Más allá de la ética: el silencio y la soledad de Abraham ............... 242 5.1.3.2. El pecado y una nueva relación que traspasa la seriedad ............ 250 5.1.4. Ser interpelado: el fundamento de la seriedad. ......................................... 255 5.1.5. Entre el monasterio y el parque de atracciones ........................................ 260 5.2. Inmediatez y relación ................................................................................................... 265 5.2.1 La primera inmediatez: del hombre inmediato al hombre monológico. ................................................................................................................................................... 266 5.2.2. La (im)posibilidad de la Repetición (Gjentagelsen) a la luz del hombre monológico y el hombre relacional............................................................................. 274 5.2.3. La existencia como don: pedagogía de la recepción. ................................ 291 5.3. Prospectiva: la relación como oportunidad. ........................................................ 296 CONCLUSIONES ................................................................................................................................. 298 Recapitulación:
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