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Nuevos Registros De Asteráceas Para La Flora Del Perú New Records Of Beltrán: Nuevos registros de asteráceas para la flora del Perú Arnaldoa 26 (3): 839-448, 2019 ISSN: 1815-8242 (edición impresa) http://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.263.26301 ISSN: 2413-3299 (edición online) Nuevos registros de asteráceas para la flora del Perú New records of Asteraceae for the Peruvian flora Hamilton Beltrán Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Av. Arenales 1256, Apartado 14-0434, Lima, PERÚ [email protected] // https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3396-3084 26 (3): Septiembre- Diciembre, 2019 839 Beltrán: Nuevos registros de asteráceas para la flora del Perú Recibido: 10-VI-2019; aceptado: 25-VII-2019; publicado online: 31-IX-2019; publicado impreso: 30-XII-2019 Resumen Se reportan ocho nuevos registros para la flora de asteráceas del Perú. Las especies Elapahandra lehmannii y Mutisia magnifica se conocían de Ecuador, mientras que Achyrocline latifolia, Baccharis tridentata y Ericentrodea davidsmithi de Bolivia. Por lo que refiere a Chaptalia piloselloides y Hieracium erianthum presentan una amplia distribución en Sudamérica y Bellis perennis es oriunda de Europa. Palabras Clave: Andes, Compositae Abstract Eighth species of Asteraceae are recorded as new for the Peruvian flora.flora of Peru are reported. Elapahandra lehmannii and Mutisia magnifica were previously known from Ecuador, whereas Achyrocline latifola, Baccharis tridentata and Ericentrodea davidsmithi from Bolivia. Chaptalia piloselloides and Hieracium erianthum are widely distributed in South America and Bellis perennis is a native species of Europe. Keywords: Andean, Compositae Citación: Beltrán H. 2019. Nuevos registros de asteráceas para la flora del Perú. Arnaldoa 26 (3): 839-848 2019. http://doi.org/10.22497/arnaldoa.263.26301 Introducción Cano et al., 2010, 2011). Por otro lado, la familia está pobremente representada en La familia Asteraceae está constituida los bosques amazónicos (Spichiger et al., por aproximadamente 1600 géneros y 2002; Castillo, 2006). 24000 especies, siendo su distribución cosmopolita (Bremer, 1994; Nordenstam, En este trabajo se presentan 8 2007; Funk et al., 2009). Trabajos nuevos registros de asteráceas para la monográficos y catálogos regionales flora del Perú. Contribuciones de estas realizados en las últimas décadas han características son posibles gracias al permitido actualizar el conocimientos incremento de colecciones y a los estudios de la diversidad florística de países florísticos en áreas remotas (e.g., Beltrán & sudamericanos como Bolivia (Jørgensen et Granda, 2003; Dillon, 2006; Beltrán, 2018; al., 2014), Brasil (Barroso et al., 1991), Chile Calvo & Beltrán, 2018). (Rodríguez et al., 2018), Colombia (Ávila et También, pone de manifiesto que al., 2015) y Ecuador (Robinson, 1999). todavía estamos lejos de tener un En Perú, el catálogo de angiospermas conocimiento exhaustivo de las especies y gimnospermas (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993) vegetales que alberga el Neotrópico y, por registró 222 géneros y 1432 especies de ende, la necesidad de seguir trabajando. Asteraceae. Asimismo, Beltrán et al. (2006) Resultados reconocieron 724 especies endémicas. Éstas están concentradas por encima de los 1. Achyrocline latifolia Wedd., Chloris 3900 m de altitud, tanto en las vertientes Andina 1: 148. 1856 (Fig. 1). occidentales como orientales de la TIPO: BOLIVIA. Tarija, cuesta de Cordillera, alcanzando su mayor riqueza Calama, 2500 m, enero 1846, Weddell hacia el límite de la vegetación (Ball, 1885; 4024 (sintipos: F-0077057F [fragmento], Smith, 1989; Yarupaitán & Albán, 2003; P-00603643). 840 26 (3): Septiembre- Diciembre, 2019 Beltrán: Nuevos registros de asteráceas para la flora del Perú Discusión y los dientes en el margen de la hoja, pero, B. tridentata presenta 3-4 dientes obtusos Achyrocline latifolia está caracterizada en posición apical y lámina con venación por tener láminas de elípticas a oblongo- secundaria no evidente. En contraposición, lanceoladas de 4-5 x 2-2,5 cm y capítulos B. linearifolia se caracteriza por tener 4-5 con cuatro flósculos (tres pistilados y pares de dientes agudos en todo el margen uno hermafrodita). Presenta afinidades y venación trinervada. morfológicas con A. alata DC. y A. celosioides DC., especies que también presentan hojas Distribución general: Argentina, triplinervias. Sin embargo, A. alata tiene las Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, Perú y Uruguay. hojas decurrentes y el tallo alado, lámina de Distribución en Perú: Puno. linear-lanceolada a oblanceolada de 2-12 x 0,2-1,5 cm y capítulos con 3-23 flósculos Espécimen examinado. Puno: carretera pistilados y 1-6 flósculos hermafroditas. de Puno a Juliaca, 3850 m, XI-1999, Binder Esta última especie se distribuye desde 342 (USM-170336). Colombia hasta Paraguay. Por lo que, 3. Bellis perennis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 886. 1753 refiere a A. celosioides, sus láminas foliares (Fig. 3). son elípticas u obovadas de 1,3-3,5 x 0,5- 1,6 cm y los capítulos contienen 2 flósculos TIPO: “Habitat in Europae apricis pistilados y 3 hermafroditas. Su área de pascuis”, [sine data], (lectótipo: Herb. distribución comprende Ecuador hasta Burser XIV (2): 69, UPS, designado por Bolivia. Calvo et al. (2012: 669)). Distribución general: Bolivia y Perú. Discusión Distribución en Perú: Cusco y Puno. A saber, en el ámbito de Sudamérica esta especie se encuentra naturalizada Especímenes examinados. Cusco: en Argentina, Bolivia, Chile y Colombia. Quispicanchis, entre Wallawalla y Hasta la fecha, no había sido citada de Marcapata, 13°25’00”S’ 70°54’00”W, 2800 Perú. Es una hierba perenne rizomatosa m, 21-IV-1988, Nuñez & Loaysa 9023 (USM- que presenta hojas obovado-espatuladas 274272). Puno: Sandia, cerca de Cuyocuyo. de margen crenado, capítulos radiados 3500 m, III-1978, Camino s.n. (USM-37428). dispuestos en escapos de hasta 15 cm 2. Baccharis tridentata Vahl., Symb. de altura, lígulas blancas dispuestas en Bot. 3: 98. 1794 (Fig. 2). una sola serie y flósculos amarillos. Los aquenios son obovoides, comprimidos, con TIPO: URUGUAY. Circa Montevideo márgenes engrosados, tricomas dispersos et ad calcam promontorii cognominis, y sin vilano. En la fructificación, el VII-1767, Commerson s.n. (lectótipo: receptáculo de B. perennis es estrechamente C-10006968, designado por Giuliano (2005: cónico y claramente más largo que las 537); isolectotipo: P-00218308). brácteas Discusión Distribución general: Nativa de Arbusto resinoso, característico por Europa, NW de África y W de Asia; tener hojas cuneiformes con ápice 3-4 naturalizada en diversos puntos de N y S dentado. Morfológicamente podría de América, Hawái y Nueva Zelanda. confundirse con B. linearifolia, por el hábito Distribución en Perú: Junín y Pasco. 26 (3): Septiembre- Diciembre, 2019 841 Beltrán: Nuevos registros de asteráceas para la flora del Perú Especímenes examinados. Junín: entre Distribución en Perú: Cusco. Huancayo y Acopalca (Chamiseria), 3900 Espécimen examinado. Cusco: Anta, m, V-2011, Rodríguez Paredes 262 (USM- Mollepata, 13°24’51”S 72°45’09”W, 3024 289929). Pasco: Huariaca, 3400 m, VI-1953, m, 12-V-2013, Beltrán 7693 (USM-116763). Ferreyra s.n. (USM-38841). 5. Elaphandra lehmannii (Hieron.) 4. Chaptalia piloselloides (Vahl) Baker Pruski, Novon 6: 405. 1996 (Fig. 5). [in Martius], Fl. bras. 6: 378. 1884 (Fig. 4). Basiónimo: Aspilia lehmannii Hieron., Basiónimo: Perdicium piloselloides Vahl, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 605. 1901. Skr. Naturhist.-Selsk. 2(2): 38, tab. 5. 1793. TIPO: URUGUAY. Au pied du morro SINTIPOS: COLOMBIA. Quindío: de Montevideo, V-1767, Commerson s.n. prope Arrayanal ad fluvium río Risaralda, (sintipos: C-10007109, P-00732613). 1400-1800 m, 24-X-1883, Lehmann 3282 (B, probablemente destruido). COLOMBIA? Discusión [sine data], Triana 1363 y Triana 1365 (no Chaptalia piloselloides es una hierba localizado). arrosetada con hojas de enteras a Discusión runcinadas, haz glabra, verde brillante y envés densamente lanuginoso. Desarrolla Es la única especie del género en Perú. capítulos solitarios sostenidos por un Se caracteriza por ser un subarbusto largo y delgado pedúnculo. Sus flores son escandente con hojas oblongo-ovadas que dimorfas, siendo las marginales filiformes, presentan dos pares de venas secundarias femeninas, con tubo reducido y flores que nacen cerca de la base. Además, los del disco tubulosas y hermafroditas. capítulos son radiados y pedunculados. Los aquenios son fusiformes, muy Distribución general: Colombia, característicos por presentar un rostro de Ecuador, Guyana, Perú y Venezuela. ca. 2 mm de largo (Fig. 4). Distribución en Perú: Amazonas. Esta especie es muy variable, sobre todo por lo que refiere a la forma de las Espécimen examinado. Amazonas: hojas. Dicha variabilidad ha llevado a la Condorcanqui, puesto de vigilancia descripción de distintos taxones de escaso Alfonso Ugarte, cabecera del río Comaina, valor taxonómico que deben tratarse bajo 03º54.8’S 78º25.5’W, 1100 m, 28-VI-1994, la presente entidad; véase Katinas et al. Beltrán & Foster 1369 (USM-277270) (2014) para mayores detalles. 6. Ericentrodea davidsmithii H. Rob., Cabe mencionar, que si bien el género Novon 3: 75. 1993 (Fig. 6). TIPO: BOLIVIA. Chaptalia Vent. generalmente presenta Santa Cruz: provincia Manuel María tres tipos de flores en un mismo capítulo, Caballero, 50 km al norte de Mataral (por la algunas especies, entre ellas la que nos carretera Santa Cruz-Comarapa) pasando ocupa, solamente tiene dos (Burkart, 1944). por San Juan del Potrero y bajando a la cuenca del alto río Ichilo, 2000-2100 m, Distribución general: Especie de 26-V-1989, Smith & al. 13419 (holotipo: amplia distribución
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