30916 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS NEW REPORT SHEDS LIGHT ON on ratification of the TTBT. In the past, the over Soviet underground tests, the science SOVIET A-TESTING CONTRO­ administration has opposed ratification of of verification has sometimes played a role VERSY the TTBT, citing verification uncertainties. in the dispute over arms control policy. But Dr. Thomas H. Jordan, who headed the "Our knowledge of seismological method­ ologies has significantly improved over the HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY Pentagon panel studying these issues, has past five years," said Thomas H. Jordan, a OF MASSACHUSETTS said that, "It appears to me right now that professor of geophysics at the Massachu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we can verify the Threshold Test Ban setts Institute of Technology, who was Treaty with existing national technical chairman of the expert panel. "We have Wednesday, November 6, 1985 means." If the technical hurdles have been seen a steady advance in capability." Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, for over 2 crossed, the administration should stop The Defense Intelligence Agency recently years, the Reagan administration has ac­ stalling and submit the treaty for ratifica­ completed a separate classified review that cused the Soviets of violating the Threshold tion. includes seismic and nonseismic data, such Test Ban Treaty [TTBTJ by testing some of Mr. Speaker, at this point, I would like to as intercepted Soviet communications. Some its nuclear warheads above the treaty's 150- experts who have read the report say the insert into the RECORD a copy of the afore­ review concludes that seismic information is ki!oton limit-despite what it has acknowl­ mentioned article. still the most important and reliable edged to be "ambiguities" and "uncertain­ The article follows: method for evaluating the yield of Soviet ties" in the evidence and the growing pre­ CFrom the New York Times, Nov. 4, 19851 tests. ponderance of scientific opinion that the NEW MEASURE SEEN FOR SOVIET A-TEST But that has not convinced some Adminis­ Soviets have not violated the 150-kiloton PANEL OF EXPERTS CALLS METHOD U.S. USES TO tration officials, who have taken an aggres­ limit. ESTIMATE SIZE OF EXPLOSIONS FAULTY sive stance on the issue of Soviet compli­ ance. For years, a number of prominent scien­ tists have contended that the evidence for WASHINGTON, Nov. 3.-Accusations by the "WE USE ALL SOURCES OF DATA" this -eharge is based on a formula-for con­ Reagan Administration that Soviet under­ "While the seismic community tends to be verting the seismic waves given off during ground nuclear tests may have violated the most vocal, we use all sources of data a test explosion into estimates of yield­ treaty limits are based on faulty assump­ when we do the analysis," said Manfred w hich does not fully account for the differ­ tions, according to a group of scientists. Eimer, assistant director of the bureau of ences in the geology of the Soviet test site The experts, chosen by the Pentagon to verification and intelligence at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. and that of the U.S. test site in Nevada. study test verification methods, have recom­ mended that the Government revise its pro­ Mr. Eimer said that further consideration Under pressure from the U.S. scientific cedures for estimating the power of Soviet of the issue was necessary, adding he could community, the United States had made tests. The Administration has said the test not yet say if the scientists' report would slight modifications in this formula. Out­ explosions were "likely" to have been bigger have an important influence on the Admin­ side critics, such as former DARPA con­ than the legal limit. istration's evaluation of Soviet compliance. sultant Jack Evernden, have long contend· The panel of eight scientists made its rec­ Seismology provides a window into the ed that further moves toward a more tech· ommendation last month in a classified secret world of verification research; much nically sound methodology have been re­ report to a Pentagon research agency and to seismic research is unclassified and has ap­ Richard L. Wagner Jr., the assistant De­ plication in nonmilitary matters, such as sisted for political reasons. fense Secretary for atomic energy. the measurement of earthquakes. Within a few weeks, we may know for If the group's recommendation is fol­ Underlying the debate over allegations of certain whether this is indeed the case. Yes­ lowed, the Government's estimates of the Soviet cheating is a dispute over whether terday's New York Times revealed that a yield of Soviet tests would be lowered by the current Administration view takes suffi­ secret Government panel has studied the about 20 percent, according to experts fa. cient account of distorting effects due to dif­ current test verification methods and con­ miliar with the report. An Administration ferences in geology at United States and cluded that our yield estimates should be official said the panel's report would lead to Soviet test sites. The treaty provides for the lowered by 20 percent-which should lead a reassessment of whether the Russians had exchange of geological data, but because the violated the treaty. United States has not ratified it, no data to a reassessment of whether the Soviets The Threshold Test Ban Treaty, signed by have been exchanged. had violated the TTBT. the United States and the Soviet Union in GEOLOGY IN NEVADA MORE ACTIVE The administration's forthcoming arms 1974, states that each side cannot conduct Experts say the Nevada Test Site, 65 miles control compliance study should reflect tests of explosives greater than 150 kilotons, northwest of Las Vegas, is more geologically this new finding. In the Times piece, I find the equivalent of 150,000 tons of TNT. Both active than the Soviet test site at Semipala­ rather disturbing indications that once the sides have said they would abide by the tinsk in central Asia. Some of the rocks be­ seismological evidence no longer supports treaty's limits, but the Administration has neath the Nevada site are· believed to be the finding of a Soviet TTBT violation, not ratified the agreement, saying it could partly molten. In contrast, the Soviet test not be verified unless American observers site "is older, cooler and more stable," said some administration spokesmen appear to were allowed to conduct measurements at be failing back on "nonseismic" evidence. Willard J. Hannon, who manages a seismic Soviet test sites. monitoring research program of the Law­ When these same spokesmen believed the On Feb. 1 the Administration said in a seismological evidence was on their side, rence Livermore National Laboratory in report to Congress, "Soviet nuclear testing California. they did not hesitate to use it. According to activities for a number of tests constitute a As a result of this and other differences, the Times piece, the Defense Intelligence likely violation of legal obligations under scientists say, some types of seismic waves Agency believes that seismological evidence the Threshold Test Ban Treaty of 1974." are stronger at the Soviet test site than is still the most important method for eval­ REPORT TO CONGRESS IS DUE they are at the test area in Nevada. Thus, a uating the yield of Soviet tests. It would The scientists' study comes as the Admln· test explosion in the United States produces seem to me that if the administration's istration ls preparing the latest in a series of a smaller discernible wave traveling through compliance study is going to have any reports to Congress on Soviet compliance the earth's interior than a Soviet test of the with arms control agreements. It ls due by same magnitude. shred of credibility, it should reflect the Dec. 1. This anomaly has long been known, and consensus of the expert seismological com· While the development of new weaponry Government estimates of the size of Soviet munity in its discussion of the TTBT issue. has gained widespread public attention, ad­ tests, based on seismic signals, have tried to The Times piece also raises questions vances in verification technology and analy­ take it into account by introducing a correc­ about the administration's current stance sis have not. Nevertheless, as in the debate tive factor in their calculations. But there

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member of the Senate on the floor. Boldface type indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30917 has been a debate over how big the correc­ the Soviets are complying" with the thresh­ RESTOCK INADEQUATE MUNITIONS RESERVES tion should be. old test ban treaty. The panel of scientists was commissioned The expert, who asked not to be identi­ in 1983 by the Defense Advanced Research fied, said that measurements using the The U.S. and its allies must build up their Projects Agency to determine the size of the panel's correction factor showed that some munitions stockpiles immediately. The need correction, or bias value, necessary in figur­ Soviet tests would still be over 150 kilotons. for such action is best demonstrated by re­ ing the size of Soviet tests. Several other But, he said, "given the uncertainty we counting an incident during the 1973 Yorn Government reviews, including one by the would not be comfortable in saying 'we Kippur War. By day six of that war Israeli Air Force Technical Applications Center caught you.' " forces were close to running out of muni­ have also reached the general conclusion Mr. Eimer of the arms control agency said tions. Without the help of an 11th-hour that seismic assessments of Soviet test massive munitions airlift by the U.S. the Is­ that current procedures for evaluating the raelis would have been driven into the sea. size of Soviet tests should be changed in a yields still are highly uncertain. A revised method of estimating the yield of Soviet The lesson learned? Israeli war planning way that would give a lower figure. fell far short in establishing the proper level To evaluate the distorting effect of differ­ tests would not by itself establish that the threshold treaty is verifiable, he said, of war reserves. They, like the war planners ent geologic structures on the measure­ of most Western nations, established a war­ ments of seismological waves traveling adding that additional verification steps would be necessary. The Administration has reserve requirement that is based on a huge through the earth's interior, the scientific gamble, a gamble that war would not come panel reviewed measurements taken near argued that American experts must take direct measurements of a Soviet test in or that a war could be won in a few days. Ontario of United States detonations. The order to confidently establish the accuracy Alarmingly, the U.S. is in precisely the Canadian site is believed to have a similar of its seismic data. same condition as was Israel prior to the geology to that of the central Asian part of But Mr. Jordan, who was chairman of the Yorn Kippur War, with one important ex­ the Soviet Union. These readings were com­ review panel, disagreed. "It appears to me ception. We have no one to bail us out. pared with measurements from seismic in­ right now that we can verify the Threshold Always present during times of fiscal aus­ struments in Nevada. Test Ban Treaty with existing national terity is the requirement of stretching a The panel also pursued ways to estimate technical means," he said. military budget. In this budget-stretching the size of Soviet tests by measuring surface SPENDING ON VERIFICATION game, War Reserve Munitions CWRM> take waves, which travel in the upper layers of a back seat to the procurement of glamor­ the earth. Measurements of these waves The budget for new strategic weaponry in ous, sophisticated and expensive weapons have been distorted by other factors, the the fiscal year 1985, $17 billion, dwarfed carriers. Our own Defense Department scientists said, and they hoped to discover that for research on verification methods. places the lion's share of money into the ways to improve their calculations. The Defense Department research agency, procurement of a relatively small number of "What happens is that the natural for example, spent $14 million in 1985 on expensive weapons platforms, and gamble stresses and pressures in the earth are re­ the problem of verifying nuclear test limita­ on the notion that either sufficient WRM leased" by the effects of a nuclear blast, tions and test ban agreements. will somehow materialize in the future or said Lynn R. Sykes of the Lamont-Doherty that it is simply not important. Geological Observatory of Columbia Univer­ sity, who is a member of the study panel. RESTOCK INADEQUATE MYTHOLOGICAL JUDGMENTS The release of these pressures, he added, is MUNITIONS RESERVES The problem with this practice is, if you "equivalent to a small earthquake" and has gamble wrong, you lose a war. a "contaminating effect" on surface wave HON. JIM COURTER There is an old saying among fighter pilots: "A fighter plane without munitions is measures. OF NEW JERSEY To deal with this problem, the researchers just another unscheduled airline." Unfortu­ used a mathematical procedure to distin­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nately, our own war-reserve planning is guish between the surface waves of earth­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 based on a series of mythological judgments that may be better suited to operating the quakes and detonations. Mr. COURTER. Mr. Speaker, there is a A third approach involved readings based world's largest airline instead of winning a on another type of surface wave that tendency among military strategists to only war. bounces around the crust of the earth and think about the next conflict, without ref­ In a war, particularly a major war in propagates over short distances. Important erence to the lessons learned from the last Europe, our forces are certain to meet a research on this phenomenon has been car­ conflict. As our colleague, Congressman massive number of enemy tanks. At last ried out by Otto Nuttli of Saint Louis Uni­ DENNY SMITH, points out in his excellent count, Warsaw Pact tanks outnumbered versity, also a panel member. NATO tanks 21/2 to 1. The Warsaw Pact has essay from the Wall Street Journal, we may amassed 50,000 tanks and produces 3,600 1965 SOVIET EXPLOSION STUDIED be condemned to repeat the lessons taught more each year. The destruction of a certain The panel scientists also studied a 1965 by some of the recent conventional con­ percentage of these tanks by U.S. forces in a nuclear explosion that the Russians used to flicts, such as the 1973 Yorn Kippur war major war is allocated to the Air Force. The build a dam in the region of the current and our own 1983 Grenada mission. remainder of the task is left to the Army. Soviet test site. Information about that ex­ Specifically, we have paid insufficient at­ For the sake of illustration, let us assume plosion is available in Soviet technical liter­ tention to our vital stockpiles of war re­ that the Air Force must destroy a mere 10% ature. serve munitions, the very weapons which of these tanks. A "probability of kill" is "All of this is being done in lieu of getting assigned to various Air Force weapons to de­ calibration information from the Soviet test would be the firebreak between convention­ stroy enemy tanks-probabilities ranging as site," said Dr. Ralph S. Alewine 3d, the De­ al and nuclear conflict. As Mr. SMITH high as 0.85 Pk . Thus the total number of Warsaw independent estimate of the yield, this is in­ be available when they are needed, to Pact tanks times 0.10 divided by 0.85 would finitely more valuable to us to calibrate the ensure that we do not have to resort to nu­ provide a rough estimate of war require­ seismological methods." clear weapons early in a conflict." ments for a particular munition. From Dr. Alewine declined in an interview to there, a procurement objective is estab­ discuss the panel's recommendations, but Unless some remedial actions are taken lished for the first 30 days and 60 days of a added that "we have the best people in the soon, we may find that our high-technology war. United States working on this." military machine, even if it operates pre­ With two exceptions the current Air Force But others familiar with the report said cisely according to specification, will run munitions level, even calculated using such that these different approaches also pointed out of mundane but indispensable muni­ a loose set of assumptions as described to the need to revise the formula used to es­ tions without any possibility for replace­ above, does not approach even the 30-day timate the yield of Soviet tests in a way that ment or resupply. Congressman SMITH war requirement. Some other rules of would give lower measurements. makes some specific suggestions for head­ thumb that aren't considered include: "The bias value recommended is signifi­ The probability of kill assigned to each cantly higher than what is typically used to ing off the threat of empty weapons maga­ weapon is almost always optimistic. The determine the official estimates of yield," zines, and I would urge my colleagues to original claim for the Air Force's "Sparrow" said one expert who has reviewed the consider these suggestions carefully. missile was a Pk of 0.85. In operation it ac­ report. "Based upon the best estimate, we The essay from the Wall Street Journal tually achieved a kill ratio an order of mag­ certainly cannot reject the hypothesis that follows: nitude lower. 30918 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 In the case of Air Force air-to-ground whether their use can be contained or if one committee on Immigration, Refugees, and weapons assigned to kill tanks, the assump­ side will escalate into an all-out nuclear ex­ International Law. When initial Federal tion that weapons will be fired only at tanks change. legislation to address the immigration is a delusion. For every weapon fired at a These scenarios can be avoided. The U.S. tank it is probable that 20 will be fired at and NATO have the resources to ensure an problem surfaced in 1972 and 1973 it was trucks, armored personnel carriers and adequate WRM stockpile to deter and quite piecemeal in nature. Since that time it has other enemy vehicles. possibly win a conventional war in Europe if become evident that the broad nature of During long storage periods of WRM, the Soviets attack. the problem requires a solution with an weapons "disappear." Faulty weapons and In 1980 the Pentagon budget was $130 bil­ equally comprehensive scope. Elements munitions that degrade over time and can lion. Today, after five years of low inflation, that make up an immigration reform bill be identified are often removed from the that budget is now $300 billion. Yet our must be crafted to work in concert with WRM stockpile and never replaced. After 10 WRM stockpiles are still in sad shape. Only 4% of the Air Force's budget, 4% of the each other. If we are going to demagnetize years less than half of the original allot­ the attraction of unlawful employment in ment may still exist. Army's and 5% of the Navy's are earmarked Even the strongest advocates of high-tech for munitions procurement. the United States, we must have sanctions weaponry and "smart" missiles will acknowl­ The services currently are drafting and re­ with respect to employers who knowingly edge that 20% to 30% of the weapons will vising plans for their FY 1987 budgets. To hire those who come here without benefit not work due to an inherent complexity date, the Air Force has contemplated its of papers. that increases their likelihood of failure. needs and decided that 22% of its "cuts" to At the same time if we have sanctions, we When war begins these weapons are worth­ meet budget constraints should be applied must not put those who have developed a less, and unfortunately cannot be identified to the paltry 4% of the budget dedicated to ... munitions. dependency on undocumented labor in the beforehand. position of intentionally violating the law One a war commences, munitions will be Even at that, cuts were not applied evenly lost at a tremendous rate-a factor also not across the munitions budget. The low-cost or going out of business if they are unable considered in the calculations of WRM. 30-mm bullet, the only truly proven and to find a sufficient level of domestic labor. These include munitions that go down with tested antitank killer, was zeroed out. Air­ We must have a workable temporary For­ a lost aircraft or resupply ship, those lost dropped cluster munitions, land mines and eign Worker Program for agriculture that when a base or depot is overrun by enemy other simple munitions took cuts of about 50%. The remaining munitions budget was is regulated to protect the rights of Ameri­ advances, munitions stored in the Pacific dominated by two weapons: the IIR Maver­ can workers as well as those who partici· theater while the war is in Europe and mu­ ick missile and the Amraam radar missile. pate in the program. nitions lost in the chaos of war. The argument is being voiced by those U.S. war planners are content to gamble Both of these weapons are enormously on a high-stakes, winner-take-all, short-war complex and expensive, and neither has who are opposed to an organized Agricul­ scenario that risks lives and jeopardizes the ever passed a genuinely combat-relevant tural Guest Worker Program that Califor­ test. But spending for each system ap­ nia growers are simply looking for a plenti­ freedom of the U.S. and its NATO allies. proaches a billion dollars a year. Funding of Content with less than a 30-day supply of the Maverick was cut about 10%. Funding ful supply of cheap labor. However, that ar­ munitions, it seems our war planners must for the Amraam was actually increased gument is ignoring the reality of the status be operating from one of four assumptions: quo. Former INS Commissioner Leonel There won't be a war. This is a wonderful more than 10%. STRAIGHTFORWARD REFORMS Castillo best characterized the current situ· hope, but a dangerous assumption. If our ation in stating that: conventional-munitions stockpile is known This week, Sen. Gordon Humphrey , chairman of the Preparedness Sub­ The U.S. is experiencing the world's larg­ opposite of deterrence. In fact, it only committee of the Senate Armed Services est temporary worker program, larger than makes war more likely since it is an invita­ Committee, will begin the first of four hear­ the guest worker programs in France, Hol­ tion to attack. ings to address the problem. Reforms in this land and Germany. Only ours is unregulat­ There may be a war, but it's one we can area are fairly straightforward. ed . . . resulting in the Immigration Service win in just a few days. Some people believe War-reserve munitions budgets for all of having to arrest over a million persons an­ a short, vicious blitzkrieg type of war is pos­ the services should be at least doubled. Also, nually . . . whose crime is that they want to sible. Possible, yes. But if the Soviets win, allowances for munitions loss rates and inef­ work in this country. we lose. If NATO forces could stop an initial ficiencies must be included in future calcu­ I urge my colleagues to read the follow­ massive Soviet armored thrust there would lations of WRM requirements. ing article which appeared in the Washing­ have to be a second, much longer and brutal Furthermore, we should not purchase any munitions until they pass sufficient, strenu­ ton Post on October 31. This article reveals campaign to regain our initial losses. With the plight of the California grower with a the Soviet's massive advantage in heavy ous testing in combat simulations. armor, no serious observer believes that And finally, the 30-day requirement for small operation, and why many of them NATO would win a short war. supply levels should be immediately re­ can't use thousands of the unemployed Losing a war is not all that bad an option. placed by a requirement to store enough workers available. Also, it is pointed out by No one believes that losing Europe to the munitions to last from the start of war until the reporter that wrote this article, current­ Soviets is an acceptable option. Today, the industrial mobilization can sustain a pro­ ly workers have no protection under the world industrial centers are the U.S., Japan, longed conflict. This period ls typically as law and that some growers have housed mi· Europe and the Soviet Union. A new align­ short as six months, but could be as long as grant workers in caves and paid less than ment in which Europe is enveloped in the 18 months. Soviet Bloc would completely disrupt the If the U.S. and its all1es are not w1111ng to minimum wage. balance of power. initiate these steps throuahout their armed The article reads as follows: We'll resort to tactical nuclear weapons services they wm continue to walk hand in CALIFORNIA GROWERS LoOK TO CONGRESS l'OR when the going gets tough. This option, un­ hand down a path that unnecessarily endan­ PICKERS gers the lives and liberty of free people fortunately, is all too real. However, it raises l'OREIGN GUEST WORKER PROVISION BACKED serious questions: Will the use of tactical throughout the world. nuclear weapons be allowed in Europe? If so, will their use escalate the conflict to the Fu:sNo, CA.-When members of Congress strategic nuclear level? FOREIGN GUEST WORKER PRO· and labor leaders ask Harry Kubo why Assume for the moment that they will not GRAM: AN INTEGRAL PART OF Fresno arowers need more Mexican laborers be used. We then face the specter of em­ IMMIGRATION REFORM to pick their raisins and strawberries, when bracing option three because, as HON. DAN LUNGREN unemployed workers already here, he tells is evident, our pitifully small WRM stock­ this story: piles surely do not support the pipe dream OJ' CALil'ORMIA One day last summer a member of the expressed in option two . "Use 'em or lose Wednesda.21, November 6, 1985 which Kubo ls president, asked if he could 'em" inevitably will be the driving philoso­ find 30 workers to pick 20 acres of grapes phy as NATO starts to lose a conventional Mr. LUNGREN. Mr. Speaker, over the for raisins when they ripened in a month. war. last 7 years I have become quite involved Kubo called Doreen Caetano, a job develop­ Once tactical nuclear weapons are em­ with the immigration reform i11ue as a er for a local community of Laotian immi­ ployed it is certainly a madman's guess as to member of the Judiciary Committee's Sub- grants, who said it could be done. November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30919 "She kept me advised of her progress. She who fear immigrants might be exploited ECONOMIC OVERVIEW: TOWARD had found nine; she had found 15; by the should support the Wilson amendment be­ THE BREAKPOINT time the crop was ready she said she had 25 cause it would allow the government to pickers lined up," Kubo said. "She got up at monitor wages. 4 a.m. and went to round them up and Having won a narrow 51-to-44 victory in HON. JOHN P. MURTHA found only nine willing to go." . the Senate, the amendment is given only an OF PENNSYLVANIA Most lived on welfare and would lose their even chance of surviving in the House. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES benefits if they worked more than 100 hours It is attached to an immigration bill that a month. strengthens the Border Partol, offers citi­ Wedne.sday, November 6, 1985 Time was short. The grapes were reaching zenship to illegal aliens who arrived before Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, several years their peak. When the small crew arrived at the grower's farm at 6:30 a.m., Kubo anx­ 1980 and-most important to growers here­ ago, a distinguished Member of Congress iously agreed to give them an hour's train­ institutes fines and possible criminal penali­ wrote a book about the American economy ing and stay with them through the day. ties against growers who knowingly hire ille­ approaching the breakpoint-that is, the "But when they started to work, most of gal aliens. point at which major programs start to them did just the opposite of what they Fred Campbell, who needs 40 pickers to break down and the economy begins to see were told. When the grower complained harvest his 80 acres of grapes for raisins, major dislocations. they were too slow, they said they would get said he would have no choice but to risk the As we near the end of this year and look at least the minimum $3.35 an hour anyway, fines if the immigration bill passed with no toward the economic agenda for the so why should they speed it up?" Kubo said. provision for guest workers. A discouraged Caetano, who confirms "If we're short of help, the grapes will Just coming months, I believe that any assess­ Kubo's account, took them away that after­ dry up on the vines," he said. ment of the economic decisions that will noon. His farm has been in his family since 1919, face Congress reinforces that we are peril­ United Farm Workers union leaders in two generations. Campbell pays his workers ously close to that breakpoint on a number California's Central Valley have little pa­ $4 an hour and provides them with a shed of fronts. tience with this episode. that includes a refrigerator, stove, beds and I would like to share with my colleagues "Why didn't he call us to provide some a door lock for security. some thoughts on those problems ahead workers?" said UFW first vice president Do­ Each year the same men arrive to pick his and the need to face them. lores Huerta, who argues that growers want harvest and dry the fruit. Campbell said he more foreign workers only to keep wage has advanced some as much as $300 on their BUDGET rates low. anticipated wages and never been cheated. Congress this year approved the largest Kubo's group was formed 14 years ago in "We're relying on an illegal work force, budget reduction bill in history, passing the response to UFW efforts to picket Japanese­ budget resolution calling for $55 billion in American growers, and the mutual distrust that's no secret," Kubo said. He extols the Wilson amendment protections for "the budget cuts. continues to this day. Yet, we still face budget deficits in the But Kubo's minidrama crystalizes a new human rights of people coming across the debate that has moved from this lush fruit border, whose only desire is survival. range of $200 billion. We passed this year and vegetable growing region to . the Con­ He notes that some growers, including one the $2 trillion mark in accumulated debt. gress: in his area he once reported to authorities, It is hard even to imagine $2 trillion. It is Do the nation's growers need an addition­ have housed migrant workers in caves and the No. 2 followed by 12 zeros; it is 12 times al 350,000 accredited Mexican workers each paid less than the minimum wage. all the cash in the United States; If counted year, and if they do not get them, will the Critics of the Wilson amendment argue in pennies with a person taking one penny landmark immigration revision bill penaliz­ that it will not be needed. Enough illegal a second for every 24 hours a day, it would ing them for hiring illegal immigrants have immigrants will qualify for amnesty under take 63,419 years to count. However It ls a chance of success? the immigration bill to meet farm labor described, it shows a debt problem that Kubo decried what he said is a mistaken needs. impression in Washington, D.C., that Cali­ Michael V. Durando, president of the Cali­ threatens to slow economic growth by fornia growers are all giants with thousands fornia Grape and Tree Fruit League and a eating up the available lending funds In the of acres and millions of dollars to get legis­ Wilson amendment supporter, argues in­ country. lation turned their way. stead that once illegal aliens qualify for citi­ According to the Congressional Budget There are some very large ranches in this zenship, they will leave the fields for more Office, domestic spending will have been valley, but the average Fresno area farm is lucrative, less physically taxing jobs in the cut by $333 billion over 1982-87, but that 90 acres he said. The average for his 1,400- has been offset by $175 bllllon In Defense member association-a majority of whom cities. are white-is 74 acres. A crop missed be­ The unemployment rate among legal resi­ Department Increases, $604 billion In lost cause of a labor shortage can wipe out some dent farm workers is at least 14 percent, and revenue because of tax cuts, and $111 bil· small operators. much higher in certain California valley lion In added Interest payments to cover Impressed by these arguments, the Senate towns. But Tony Vang, executive director of the increased debt. has attached to the immigration bill an the Lao Family Community Inc. here, said What those numbers add up to is that the amendment sponsored by Sen. Pete Wilson that many of those workers need training budget and its accumulating deficit will that would allow as many as and find themselves better off accepting have to continue to be the top economic 350,000 "guest workers" into the country welfare than working long hours for wares iaaue we face. The steps we need to take are each year if the attorney general deter­ Just above the legal minimum. mines they are needed. Huerta charged that many workers are to continue to attack Government wute, to From the late 1940s until 1964, U.S. law paid less than that. Asked about grower make prudent budget cuts, and to continue allowed up to 400,000 bracero workers annu­ complaints that local workers are not as to place every economic decision in rela­ ally into the country to harvest crops up productive as immigrants, she said, "Why tion to its budget impact. As remarks below and down this valley. Charges that growers should they want to work that hard if they wlll note, the budget deficit is affected by were providing sub-human working condi­ should be making twice as much money?" our actions on trade, employment, tax tions and that braceros were remaining in Sen. Alan K. Simpson , who voted reform, and other steps. the United States illegally killed the pro­ agatnat the Willon amendment, has com­ Outlook: The President presents his gram. plained of the "greed" of fruit and vegetable Mindful of this history, Wilson has added budget early next year and it ii likely to provisions requiring proper working condi­ growers, a charge that turna the sweet-tem­ 1treaa another round of budget cuts. I be­ tions and allowing guest workers to move to pered Kubo sour. lieve Congress wlll respond with a reasona­ other jobs if they are dissatisfied. "ls it greedy to want to harvest the crop ble package of budget cuts coupled with To ensure that workers return to Mexico, that you've worked all year for?" he aatd. steps in the related areas I mentioned to or whatever country they came from, 20 "ls it greedy to try to survive in our society without any handouts?" keep the preaaure on reducing the budget percent of their gross wages would be with­ deficit. held until they claimed them at a U.S. con­ sulate back home. TRADE Kubo said he and his growers already pay Whether you fall into the camps repre­ the prevailing wage for farm labor, about $1 sented as free traders or protectionists, above the $3.35 minimum wage, and those your conclusion has to be the same: The ~------30920 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 present administration trade policy is When you add in discouraged workers master in Clanton, AL and as a champion simply not working. who have simply stopped looking for em­ among leaders in NAPUS. We face our largest trade deficit in histo­ ployment, part-time workers who would His leadership ability and loyalty to ry. We are a debtor nation for the first prefer to be full time but are not counted NAPUS and the Postal Service is unques­ tionable in his home state of Alabama. He time since Woodrow Wilson was President. among the unemployed, and underreport­ served his chapter faithfully in every capac­ The trade deficit shows no signs of shrink­ ing among teenagers, we are looking at 10 ity imaginable, and in 1977 earned the ing. Our trading partners show no willing­ million Americans being out of work and rights to our state presidency. The Alabama ness to help voluntarily. We must shape a without good job prospects. We simply Chapter reached new heights under his firm, tough trade policy. cannot accept that kind of permanent un­ leadership, which have been unequaled. He As chairman of the House steel caucus, I employment in America. has used his talents and experience to help have been particularly involved in the steel In addition, I talked earlier about how each state president since that time: aiding trade debate. Its history shows the prob­ these economic issues are interrelated. Note postmasters in trouble, as chairman of our that for each percent of unemployment the state Postmaster Representation Commit­ lems we face. tee: and helping us all by using his political For 2 years the caucus pushed for import Federal budget loses $30 billion in lost clout and powers of persuasion in the halls quotas on steel to hold foreign penetration taxes not paid and payments made to help of Congress, as our state legislative chair­ to 12 percent of the U.S. market. The ad­ protect unemployed families. man. ministration has a philosophical opposition One of the parts of our equation of solv­ Most of you know him for his faithful to quotas, but we compromised and 14 ing the budget deficit breakpoint, must also service to our national office over the past months ago the administration announced be to put Americans back to work and I years. He has served us all, as national exec­ a system calling for voluntary trade agree­ expect Congress in the coming year to utive committeeman two times, as national ments with our steel partners that would focus more on this problem as unemploy­ membership chairman, national vice presi­ ment continues to hold at the 7-percent dent, and on our National Postmaster Rep­ limit imports to 18.5 percent. Since that resentation Committee. During these terms would promote progress and relief from range. of office, he has proved over and over he is imports running at 30 percent, the caucus TAX REFORM truly a champion of leaders. threw its support behind the plan and has We will have a chance in 1986 to com­ In his hometown, he is considered by all a cooperated fully with the Trade Represent­ plete work on a tax reform bill that will genuine community leader. Besides being ative's Office. sharpen the minimum tax to insure that highly respected for his role as a loving hus­ Fourteen months later, however, we have millionaires and profitmaking corporations band, and father of three, and grandfather, he also is serving or has served as chairman had to conclude that the import levels pay taxes, and to eliminate some loopholes. of the hospital board, chairman of the remain totally unacceptable and that the Prospects for a major redrafting of the Tax school trustees, commander of the Ameri­ program must be redesigned. Code seem further down the line. can Legion, commander VFW, chairman For the month of September, steel im­ But a message has been delivered this county Civil Defense, chairman industrial ports were 30. 7 percent, and for the year year that the citizens find our Tax Code development board, director Clanton Hous­ remain at 26. 7 percent. Even if fully imple­ too complicated, too unfair, and too inequi­ ing Authority, he is a Shriner, and has as­ mented, the voluntary agreements would at table. The tax reform issue will remain sumed numerous other community leader­ best result in a limit of only 23.4 percent. with Congress until we can develop a con­ ship roles. He was raised in humble surroundings And the commitment to full enforcement sensus for changes that meet those goals. with ten brothers and sisters and two loving must be questioned when it is noted that This brief overview of economic prob­ parents. He learned early in life the way to some of our trading partners are deliberat­ lems helps illustrate the breakpoints which success was hard work and high moral ly circumventing agreements by shipping we face. It cannot be business as usual be­ standards. The Marine Corps recognized he their steel through third countries to avoid cause of the severity of the problems and was a man of courage and conviction, with import agreements. Proof of this can be because of their massive impact on our the ability to lead others, when they made shown by the fact that present imports are lives. They affect both the overall stability him a squad leader during the Korean War. arriving in the United States from 18 coun­ When his three years were over in Korea, of the Nation, and our individual stability he had proved them right many times. tries that do not even have steel mills. through their impact on interest rates, jobs, When he returned home, he had earned In the meantime, in the year of this pro­ inflation, and consumer prices. three Purple Hearts, three Battle Stars, and gram, unemployment in the steel industry a Bronze Star. has risen by 13 percent, and the long list of We need his proven courage, conviction quarterly reports of losses by American TRIBUTE TO HUGH M. BATES and leadership ability fighting for us now. steel companies have remained. Because we, too, are in a war for survival. We are at a breakpoint where import HON. RICHARD C. SHELBY The Postal Service has more enemies today limits must give the American steel indus­ OF ALABAMA than ever before, waging war against us much like the enemy in Korea and Vietnam. try a chance to modernize and streamline, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They are not always easily recognizable. Be­ or we will lose the basic manufacturing ca­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 cause we have enemies from within, as well pacity of our Nation. as outside the Postal Service. This ex­ That example can be followed in other Mr. SHELBY. Mr. Speaker, Hugh M. Marine is prepared to lead us in this war, key trade areas-most notably textiles, "Lally" Bates of Clanton, AL, was recently with the same courage and conviction he led shoes, and electronics-with the result that elected president of the National Associa· those Marines with in Korea. He will help our economy loses growth, jobs, and prof­ tion of Postmasters of the United States us seek out our enemy, and will lead us in its. We cannot count on our trading part­ [NAPUS]. This is indeed a great honor for each battle. He will join us with our allies to make our ners to solve our trade problems. We will his community and the State of Alabama. Alabama NAPUS President Cody Ward numbers and strengthen even greater. Yes, have to get tough on trade to stabilize our this will be a different battle field, with dif­ economy. had the honor of making the nominating ferent rules, but it too will be won, only if speech for Lally in his bid for the office. I UNEMPLOYMENT our leadership has the courage with convic­ am extremely proud of my friend Lally, tion to fight and win at all cost. The breakpoint on unemployment comes and would like to share with my colleagues I deem it a personal honor to have the from self-delusion. The idea that we are in the House of Representatives, Cody's re· privilege of placing in nomination the name doing a pretty good job. marks and Lally's acceptance speech. of just such a leader for our national presi­ When I graduated from high school in dent, the Honorable Hugh Bates. the 1950's, we were doing a good job if un­ WARD NOMINATES BATES President Tom, distinguished guest, fellow employment held at 2 percent; by the Ken­ postmasters-there ls a man in our midst BATES ACCEPTANCE SPEECH nedy administration that became 4 percent; who is endowed with relentless courage, President Costin, Secretary-Treasurer now we are hearing that the economy is vision, ability and profound faith in NAPUS Graves, members of the executive commit­ doing pretty well while unemployment is at and the U.S. Postal Service. He has exempli­ tee my fellow postmasters, postal officials, 7 percent. That simply is unacceptable. fied this during the past 20 years as a post- friends and guests: November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30921 Today, with a sense of grave responsibil­ as I. The problem that confronts this serv­ and mailed on time each month. If it is not, ity, and a heart filled with humility, I ice was not caused by postmasters, it was those responsible will be relieved of their accept the office of National President of caused because those in command would not duty. the National Association of Postmasters-of listen to postmasters. On the closing or retention of small post this great United States of America. The budget deficit was created due to the offices, let me assure you, nothing is more I could not give this acceptance speech Postal Rate Commission refusing to admit dear to me and nothing will take preference without first passing out many roses to so what they knew to be the truth. A one cent over my time in saving every office in this many wonderful people. increase in postage would eliminate a United States. I will use every ounce of First, to each of the other five postmas­ $700,000 deficit. energy within me and every means at my ters who offered their time and service to The Board of Governors, by a unanimous disposal to save the post offices in rural our organization, I want to congratulate vote, could have overruled the Rate Com­ America, just as I will fight for the job pro­ them and to praise their valiant efforts. mission, but they did not choose to do so. tection of every person in the PCES pro­ Each of these postmasters has given much This deficit crisis is the direct result of top gram.. While protecting rural mail service, I to NAPUS and I trust they will continue to management, and as your president, I will will not neglect the city delivery or MSC serve wherever they are needed. To Presi­ not sit idly by and see you persecuted for manager. The harassment and intimidation dent Costin, for his leadership during these their mistakes. of our MSC managers by higher level offi­ two years, we all owe a thank you for your You, as a postmaster, have no control over cials must cease at once. I say to all who tireless efforts. your workload or over the rates charged and hear me or read these words, for those who There are many people in this convention revenue generated. You don't determine the would destroy our organization, we shall not center who are responsible for my election. pay scale of your employees or who sets up retreat, we will face those who oppose us, Too many to recognize individually, but I the transportation of your mail. All this eyeball to eyeball and cheek to cheek. must pay a tribute to all of you who worked adds up to one thing: we as postmasters In the field of legislation, we must contin­ so hard and gave so much that I might be don't have control over operating our post ue to grow stronger each year. We have wit­ before you today. office, yet we are given a budget, then have nessed our legislative efforts pay dividends, To the Alabama Chapter-my chapter-I it cut three times and then harassed be­ but we cannot rest on our previous accom­ can never repay you for the sweat, the pain, cause the top management won't take the plishments. Each year we will be confronted the agony, the tears of sadness and the blame for their errors. by those who oppose the U.S. Postal Service laughter of happiness that we have shared The Board of Governors delayed imple­ as we know it now. We must continue to be together. I want everyone in Alabama to mentation of the rate increase, from Octo­ on the offensive and stay one step in front stand, so the rest of the world can see. The ber 1984 to February 1985, thus throwing of our opposition. We must have a strong greatest friends a postmaster could have. out almost $900 million in revenue. Yes, as a and healthy legislative fund. You have as­ Part of my family is here and many could management organization, we are concerned sessed yourself 12 dollars per year capita. not be with me to share in this moment of and we want the U.S. Postal Service to suc­ glory. To those who are with me, and I ceed, but not oiled to run on the blood of How much of this money you return to Na­ would like for them to stand; my wife, postmasters. tional Headquarters will be your decision. Janie, my son, Mickey and his wife, Bar­ I know you are interested in the programs However, I will present to you early in 1986 bara; my daughter, Vickey and her husband, I intend to implement. This will be the first a budget of what it will cost to have an ef­ Jerry. administration that consists of 22 elected fective legislative program. I have faith in Last night as I lay down and thought that national vice presidents. Every area of this you, that you will respond as needed. Our I could at last rest, I recalled the thousands country will be adequately represented by a position as postmaster and our retirement is of miles traveled, by plane and automobile postmaster of your choice on the National on the line. I will give you a detailed analy­ and one trip by train. Of all the beautiful Executive Committee. I intend to see that sis of receipts and expenditures of this fund, cities, farms and states that I had visited. It each of these officers is working and in­ just as I will of all other NAPUS monies. seems as if a long dream had at least come volved in your interest. I plan to involve at Speaking of money and what it can do, we true. least two of them at each consultation meet­ must and we will continue to have an active I thought of the times my feet and legs ing with headquarters staff members. I will political action program. This will, as in the were so tired that I could not stand. Of all expect to present from personal knowledge past, be lead by the retired postmasters. I the hours spent in airport terminals, of the the problems facing postmasters in their will assist this committee in any way possi­ lonely drives by automobile. Many times I areas. ble. questioned myself and wondered why any It will be their responsibility to visit the There is much work to be done by all the person would do this to become president. chapters they represent and to report back committees and their members. Without My friends, as I look out at this vast group, to their people the progress that has been going into details on each committee, I must I no longer question myself, my question is made in solving these problems. These 22 comment on the Postmaster Representation answered. Yes, it was worth it. vice presidents will be more involved than Committee. Having served on this commit­ Today is today, I am totally rededicated to ever before. Each month I will expect to see tee for the past three years, I have wit­ every challenge and obstacle that lies columns in the Postmaster Gazette, written nessed the case load each year. In 1985 ahead. There is nothing that we cannot do by national vice presidents. They will also alone, I as one member, have represented 15 and I am confident that we will each time represent the national office at meetings postmasters. This committee must be and we face adversity. when requested. will be strengthened by the executive com­ Many of you have heard me speak briefly Yes, we will have a large National Execu­ mittee. I will ask your governing body of about what I propose to do and what direc­ tive Committee, but let me assure you, elected officials to increase the budget for tion I plan to lead this organization. The NAPUS will benefit from their knowledge this committee. Additional training will be late football coach, Vince Lombardi, wrote a and expertise. provided to the members. The first training book entitled What It Takes to be No. 1. He Let me comment on H.R. 2854, which will session will be in early January or February. said winning is a habit. I intend to keep that give all non-veterans access to the merit sys­ When thinking of postmaster representa­ habit. Running a football team is no differ­ tems protection board. AB a member of the tion, I am reminded of the famous words of ent than running NAPUS. The idea is to be National Postmaster Representation Com­ John Paul Jones. When the British admiral No. 1. To win every battle or skirmish that mittee, I know the importance of this bill. asked, "Do you surrender?" Jones answered we encounter. As your National President, I will give top "I've Just begun to fight.'' NAPUS has only My fellow postmasters, it's a reality of life priority to the passage of thia bill. begun to fight. that we are competitive and the most com­ On communications, I intend to activate In membership, we must maintain above petitive battle will draw the most competi­ the tape program and give first-hand infor­ 90% at all times. NAPUS can be only as tive opposition. I will not accept second mation to the chapter officers on the day of strong in Washington, D.C., as we are back place or compromise when it comes to the each consultation meeting. home. welfare of postmasters. As Coach Lombardi The Output will continue to be mailed to Residency requirements: said, "I am not a brutal man. I believe in each member and on a timely basil. This is a subject that must be settled. We God and I believe in human decency, but I The Postmasters Gazette will continue to have heard much talk on this, but we have also believe that the tougher the battle, the be a magazine of interest to NAPUS mem­ not witnessed action. To those of you who sweeter the victory." bers. We will continue to uae regional edi­ have been promoted to the rank of postmas­ Today the United States Postal Service tors to keep us informed. I will expect an ter and required to sign Form 2459, stating faces a grave crisis. I do not need to remind update each month from these writers to that you would move to the delivery area of you all of the problems we face daily, of the appear in the Gazette. your office, within one year, let me enlight­ injustices that we have suffered, of the re­ I promise you this, that your magazine, en you why this was made postal policy by duction in service. You know these as well The Postmaster's Gazette, will be printed postal service headquarters. 30922 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Novem/Jer 6, 1985 A certain postmaster was promoted from This I promise I will do. In insurance parlance that leaves them one state to another. The citizens of this As I compaigned across this nation for the "going bare," and most seem appalled at the community did not approve of this selection past two years, I travelled over 70,000 miles, exposure. In the past the insurance indus­ and went to their U.S. Senator. This Sena­ visited 45 of the 51 chapters. During these try, that spreader of risk, has been the fall­ tor threatened to enact legislation that times I asked you to send a message to back in most corporate disasters. Union Car­ would amend the Postal Reorganization Act Washington and to send that message by bide, for example, is believed to have $200 to require a postmaster to have been a resi­ Hugh Bates. That message was that we no million of coverage for the tragedy at dent of this delivery area one year before longer will turn the other cheek, that we Bhopal, India-an amount of uncertain ade­ they could be appointed postmaster. Head­ are tired of harassment and intimidation. quacy but balm nonetheless. Bhopal, howev­ quarters bowed to the pressure and compro­ You have now elected me as your spokes­ er, qualified as "sudden and accidental pol­ mised with this Senator, that a postmaster, man for the next two years and by the grace lution," a type of coverage now extraordi­ once appointed, would move to that area in of God, I will take your message to Wash­ narily difficult to buy. The probability of a one year. This was an indication of weak­ ington. large corporate loss that is not covered by ness on the part of headquarters, when we In closing, I want to quote three great insurance, or only covered meagerly, thus should have challenged this threat and any Americans. increases daily-as does corporate dread of others who supported threatening bills. Andrew Jackson said, "One person with the event. I, as your president, will insist that all courage makes a majority." I pray for that The dread is particularly great because residency requirements for all postal em­ courage and I solicit your prayers that I most corporations have grown in recent ployees be abolished. I will seek the support may have the courage to be that majority. years to want more insurance, not less. As­ of all other management organizations, as Andrew Carnegie stated these words: ••As I bestosis, toxic waste, the general litigious­ well as the crafts. grow older, I pay less attention to what men ness of society, the tendency of Judges and I live in my town and have no intention of say, I Just watch what they do." Juries to reinterpret the legal doctrines of ever leaving. However, how can we ask a Ben Franklin, our first Postmaster Gener­ negligence and fault-all these have driven Level 11 postmaster to move 100 miles, al, is quoted as saying, "Well done is better home the need for bountiful insurance pro­ when the Postmaster General, his staff, the than well said." tection. And now it's in scarce supply. regional postmaster generals, the district I trust that when my two years are fin­ Rivers of tears for the buyers are not to­ managers and their subordinates, can live in ished, that you will say, Hugh Bates, your tally Justified. The property and casualty their palaces, in the neighborhood of their Job has been well done. business is relentlessly cyclical, and for five choosing? God bless each of you. years before the market turned last year, This is a case of discrimination in the corporate customers enjoyed a hotly com­ worst way, and as your president, I am pre­ petitive, ever-softening market. Originally, pared to use whatever measures it takes to INSURANCE CRISIS HAS WIDE IMPACT insurers cut prices to haul in premium dol­ repeal this requirement. lars they could invest at the high interest In my opening remarks, I made a state­ rates that prevailed ultimately, they scram­ ment that coaching a football team was no HON. JAMES J. FLORIO bled for premiums to cover the claims roll­ different than leading NAPUS. I am re­ OF NEW JERSEY minded of our present dilemma, by words of ing in from the bad business they had un­ the late Alabama Coach "Bear" Bryant. His IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES derwritten. In that leg of the cycle, prices team was playing the Sugar Bowl for the Wednesday, November 6, 1985 for commercial insurance fell in some cases national championship. The opponent had by 50% or more. first down and goal to go, from the three Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, my subcom· The corporate folk who buy insurance­ yard line. He called time out. The defensive mittee has commenced a series of hearings called risk managers-knew prices were ab­ captain came to the side line and asked regarding the unaffordability and unavail· surdly low. But few argued for a return to Coach Bryant what defensive formation ability of insurance. The following article sanity, naturally, and some abandoned their should they use. Coach Bryant simply traditional suppliers to shop for the cheap. from Fortune provides an overview of the est prices around. They are now riding a ric­ looked him straight in the eyes and said, causes and impact of the insurance crisis. "Son, this is gut check time. If you and your ochet. A threefold rate increase sounds pu­ The article may be useful background for nitive; but if the base rate is one-third what teammates have got the guts and internal Members as they respond to the many in· fortitude to want to win and be the best in it was at the last peak-and such cases the land, then you will give it all you have quiries Congress is receiving. It is very exist-the rise is no more than restorative. for four downs and you can walk out of here clear from the article that the insurance Wretched results for the insurance indus­ as champions." Yes, this is gut check time crisis poses a major economic threat and try in 1984-around $3.5 billion of pretax for all of us. that the crisis itself may be only a symp· operating losses-produced the ricochet of business, putting pressure on primary in­ sponsibility does not stop there. The presi­ Going bare is the term for getting along surers to follow suit. Then, on December 3, dent has a duty to decide, but the postmas­ without property and casualty coverage. In came Bhopal, rocking the market Just as in­ ters have a right to know why and the presi­ a litigious world it's a chilly, unwelcome ex­ surers, reinsurers, brokers, and customers dent has a responsibility to tell them and to perience for corporations. But a sudden sell· were negotiating renewals for the great explain why he chose as he did. er's market has made commercial insurance number of commercial policies and reinsur­ Only through an open, candid dialogue a hard-to-get, expensive-when-you-can item. ance treaties that expire on January 1. with the members can a president maintain Insurance companies have more than one Using a metaphor that is unintentionally his trust and his leadership. In order to way of refusing your business, says Norman ghoulish, one broker says Bhopal "put the lead, a president today must listen; I intend S. Wintemute, who buys coverage for Ban­ last nail in the coffin" and "scared the to listen. kAmerica: "They can simply say no. Or they living wits out of reinsurers." A tight, tough The president of NAPUS is the one offi­ can quote you a fantastically lousy price." sellers' market promptly materialized and cial who represents every postmaster-small BankAmerica has met both kinds of rejec­ has worsened since. office or large office. He represents the tion in the last few months and so have The most tangible part of the problem is thousands who ask principally to go their hundreds of other corporations. With a sud­ the increase in premium rates, which is own way in decency and dignity. Only if he denness that has astounded and horrified wrecking corporate budgets approved last listens to the quiet voices can he be true to corporate buyers, the market for commer­ fall. The risk manager of a major financial this trust. cial property and casualty insurance has services company says his expenditures in The president's chief function is to lead, turned wicked. Premiums have risen broadly 1984 for insurance-65 different packages of not to administer. and, for some types of coverage, are up it-were about $8 million. For 1985, antici­ As Theodore Roosevelt once put it, "The enormously-by 300%, 500%, even 1,000%. pating some tightening in the market and best executive is the one who has sense The availability of insurance, nevertheless, wanting if anything to overestimate the bill, enough to pick good people to do what he has sharply contracted. Many corporations he budgeted $10 million. "Today," he says, wants done, and self restraint enough to do not have as much coverage as they would "it's looking like $24 million or more. We're keep from meddling with them while they like, and for some kinds of potential losses writing the numbers on plastic now, with do it." have none at all. crayon, so they'll erase easily." November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30923 For their money, companies are getting highiy nervous about the profession's expo­ Insurance Association, a consortium. None, substantially less coverage, at both the top sure. Taking steps to reduce its own, Lloyd's Grella said, could offer a buyer more than and the bottom, than they got in 1984. At Just renegotiated policies with a number of $10 million of coverage. A speaker from St. the bottom, businesses are taking higher Big Eight accounting firms, lowering their Paul Fire & Marine, Kenneth F. Goldstein, "retentions"-deductibles, so to speak. At limits by about 35%. Accountants won't say contributed further qualifiers, among them the top, where the slice is thicker, business­ what the new maximum is, but a reasonable his yen to contain risks by doing business es have lost the high dollar limits they prize guess is $125 million or so. only with relatively small companies. Said as protection against catastrophes. U.S. money center banks also insure with he: "We're not looking for Fortune 1,000 ac­ Why, given the law of supply and demand, Lloyd's, long the principal provider of the fi­ counts." aren't the high limits available at a price? delity bonds the banks need as protection In the other part of the environmental Maybe they are. Perhaps the buyers Just against robberies, embezzlements, and other market, meanwhile, the courts have been re­ haven't yet begun talking prices that would crimes. The lead underwriter in this busi­ defining sudden and accidental pollution to bring the supply out. ness in Lloyd's Merrett group, which man­ include the gradual variety. Robin A. G. But another explanation is the so-called ages several syndicates of investors. Hit Jackson, a director of Lloyd's Merrett Syn­ capacity problem, a creature of insurance lately by heavy losses . Merrett "driven a hose and cart through the sudden holders' claims can be paid off, state insur­ first considered withdrawing from the busi­ and accidental wording," making ft "fool· ance departments Judge the soundness of in­ ness, but instead imposed higher deductibles hardy" to continue to provide that coverage. surers on easily measurable criteria. One, on the banks. A couple of years ago deducti­ Agreeing, the U.S. industry ls scheduled to called the risk ratio, relates net premiums bles of $2 million or less were common. The move in January to a standard general ll· written to an insur­ pushing for $25 million-what Marsh & most forms of pollution coverage. Many in· er's surplus, roughly equivalent to net McLennan broker Walter S. Tomenson, Jr. surers have already stopped writing sudden worth. The rule says that the premiums-to­ calls "Merrett's comfort level." and accidental. It can be had, says Grella of surplus ratio should not be more than 3 to The banks have run into bigger problems Alexander & Alexander, but not easily. 1. in the excess market. At the moment, $150 The prospect of going bare in this danger­ The ratio puts a crazy kind of celling on million of coverage is about the maximum laden area frightens many corporate execu­ insurers during a tight market. They usual­ available to a money center bank and limits tives, among them Gerald A. White, chief fl· ly enter such a period with surplus depleted, that big are an endangered species. Finan­ nancial officer of Air Products & Chemicals driven down by losses. Were they to choose cial institutions of all kinds were shocked in of Allentown, Pennsylvania. White counts the most obvious means of getting well-the March by a sudden announcement from himself lucky to have renewed his general pursuit of every premium dollar possfble­ Fireman's Fund, a subsidiary of American liability policy last September, before the they would soon have a risk ratio unaccept­ Express, that it was canceling all fidelity crunch. He's covered for sudden and acci­ able to the regulators. Consequently, the in­ policies written for financial institutions dental, but he worries that the coverage surers plead "capacity constraints" to their and would write no more. Fireman's Fund might not be renewable next fall, when customers and do not write all the business had been a major player in the excess many forecasters expect an even tighter they can get. They also turn conservative in market, able to write a $50-million layer of market than now. "What we have here," their choice of what types of risks they will coverage for a single buyer. But losses on says White, "is a maJor, major problem for insure. Says Robert Clements, president of the business had been large and in its an­ industry. It is not Just chemical companies, the insurance brokerage firm of Marsh & McLennan Inc., "When you have a great nouncement Fireman's Fund said it saw nei­ it's everybody." contraction in the market, the industry first ther vigilant screening of risks nor pricing In April, Air Products sold $100 million of leaves the area of unpredictable risk." as a solution-so goodbye. The rejection of bonds in an offering managed by Goldman The exodus is speediest from "excess" cov­ pricing as a cure suggests the company may Sachs and Shearson Lehman Brothers. As erage that companies seek atop their pri­ have also felt hobbled by its premiums-to­ they must, the underwriters went through mary insurance policies. An example is surplus ratio, which at year-end 1984 was the "due diligence" process with White, dig­ earthquake insurance, on which insurers nearly 3 to 1, against the industry's average ging for information that might have to be have done an abrupt about-face. In the soft of only 2 to 1. disclosed to investors. Considering the market, a company could secure $300 mil­ Companies needing pollution coverage major problem that insurance has become lion or $400 mllllon of excess quake cover­ find themselves in the ultimate sellers' for corporations, did the underwriters quiz age with -ease. It could also get the excess, market. Growing apprehensive in the early White about Air Products' coverage? "No," says broker Daniel Batonick of Johnson & 1970s about pollution liability, the insur­ he answers, recognizing the irony, "they Higgins, almost as a freebie, tossed in with ance industry divided coverage into two never mentioned insurance.'' other kinds of property coverage. The prob· kinds. Coverage for sudden and accidental Risk managers are searching madly today ability of a U.S. earthquake cannot be much pollution was included in the general liabil­ for solutions to the problems of high premi· greater this year than last. Yet today $100 ity policies that businesses buy; ft ls meant urns, high deductibles, low limits, and million of excess coverage is about the most to take in a Bhopal, as well as such occur­ making-the-boss-understand-why-all-thls-la­ a buyer can pull together. "Even with a rences as the spillage of toxic chemicals happening. For some companies, one ap­ blank check, we may not be able to get more from an overturned truck, the accidental proach to the deductibles could be to relax than that," says Helen Terry, risk manager discharge of harmful effluents into a and regard them as logical. They are a limit­ of Equitable Life, a big owner of California stream, or an explosion in a manufacturinl ed form of self-insurance Cthe industry's eu­ real estate. Terry figures the insurers, fo­ plant. The second kind of covera1e. known phemism for no insurance>. and many com­ cusing on the immensity of their exposure, as environmental impairment liab111ty, ls panies can easily handle the added risk. "finally began to notice how much at risk written under a separate policy and la in­ In the eyes of some buyers high deducti· they are." tended to cover il'&dual pollution, such as bles are perfectly affordable but unfortu­ High limits are also vanishing from the li­ the seepage of buried toxic wastes into un· nately apt to cause lurches in earnings. ability policies that cover such professionals derground water supplies. Under Environ­ That's because accounting rules do not as doctors, lawyers, accountants, engineers, mental Protection Aaency rules, companies allow companies to gradually build reserves and architects-prime targets of litigants handlinl toxic waste muat have both envi· for anticipated insurance losses by making these days. Accounting firms, for example, ronmental impairment and sudden and acci­ periodic charges to earnings. Instead, the have proved exceedingly vulnerable to suits dental insurance, or the financial strenath companies must waft until the losses come charging that they wrongfully gave clean to handle the clafma on their own. alon1 and only then charge off the costs. opinions to clients later revealed to be dis­ But the insurance induatry conaldera envi· The rules do not promote smoothness in honest or financially in deep trouble. Since ronmental impairment rlaka unmeasurable earninp, as premiums paid to an insurer do. 1980 the biggest accounting firm, Arthur and therefore uninsurable. You cannot In the last tight market, in the mid·1970s, Andersen & Co., has alone paid out $137 make insurance companies commit suicide, captive insurance companies were the rage million in Judgments and out-of-court settle­ and today almost none are wrltina environ­ amon1 corporations seeking to self-insure. ments and faces many other suits. In what mental impairment policies. At the annual But the Internal Revenue Service has since could be a monster case for Alexander convention of risk managers in April-held, pared the tax advantages of captives, and Grant & Co., one of its partners is caught appropriately, in the city of funeral blues, some have also been economic disasters for up in the litigation involving ESM Govern­ New Orleans-one speaker, broker Robert their parents. ·Certain companies, however, ment Securities, a Florida dealer charged M. Grella of Alexander & Alexander, named still find special reasons to set up captives, with defrauding customers. the three suppliers remaininl in the and Bank· America has Just done so. Forced Lloyd's of London writes most of the ac­ market: American International Group; St. recently to take a $95-million write-off on countants' liability insurance and has grown Paul Fire & Marine; and Pollution L1ab111ty overvalued mortgage securities for which it 30924 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 was trustee . the company op. Prices will surely rise further. Supply He has also beaten the age-old stigma of sued several of its own officers for gross will surely increase. Outsiders will come in being the little guy in town. He has beaten negligence and also filed claims against the to add their capital; the industry will USC three years in a row. Until he came two insurers carrying its directors' and offi­ expand its own, partly through profits to be along, that hadn't happened since 1955. cers' insurance. One, First State, had earlier made in this market, partly through securi­ Along the way, Donahue has become one given notice that it was canceling BankA­ ties offerings that insurers are already scur­ of the premier college coaches in the coun­ merica's policy; it's one of many insurers rying to make. The inbalances in this try. cutting back on this type of coverage . The other, Employers of rect, if only because buyers may have to be record of 72 victories with one over San Wausau, maintained that the policy did not hauled kicking and screaming toward the Diego State at the Rose Bowl earlier this cover the bank's action against its officers prices necessary to clear a market grown season and accepted, in commemoration, a and canceled when the claim was filed. paranoid about risk. little crystal Bruin, he had the late J.D. BankAmerica sued both insurers. Mean­ Morgan high on his list of people to thank. while its director of risk management, Win­ He said that Morgan had given him an op­ temute, began searching widely for replace­ A TRIBUTE TO THE UCLA portunity when, perhaps, he wasn't even ment coverage. But Wintemute ran into BRUINS ready for it. those two types of rejection: no and, from "Oh, I never would have admitted it at one insurer, an out-of-sight price. This pre­ the time, because at the time, I thought I sented a thorny problem: under the laws of HON. MEL LEVINE was ready," Donahue said. "There was no Delaware BankA­ OF CALIFORNIA question in my mind at the time that J.D. merica cannot reimburse its officers and di­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hired me, that I could do the job. rectors if they are held liable for damages in "What I am trying to say is that I certain­ suits brought on behalf of the company. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 ly was not the most qualified for the job. They must be covered by an outside insurer. Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, When J.D. gave me the opportunity here, BankAmerica has created one, so to speak: he could have selected umpteen-hundred a captive, based in the Cayman Islands. as the UCLA Bruin football team continues its rise in the national rankings, it is ap­ coaches who were basically more qualified Wintemute says the captive will deal with at that point in time than I was to be a head the parent at arm's length and will thus be propriate to recognize the man most re­ coach. sufficiently independent to meet Delaware's sponsible for UCLA's success this year, and "The reason I got it was because, at that requirements. But some bankers and insur­ for the last 10 years, head coach Terry time, there was no search committee. I was ance executives say it's all legal hogwash, Donahue. 31, an assistant. A search committee would since BankAmerica's assets will be behind Coach Donahue's list of accomplishments have gone out and found a big-name coach the captive. BankAmerica's directors and of­ ficers no doubt devoutly hope that this at UCLA is impressive. He is the winning­ or someone with a lot of experience, an exotic solution can survive challenge. Other­ est coach in UCLA history with a combined older assistant coach. J.D. didn't have to do record of 77-30-6. His team has won New that. wise, they are going bare-a far chillier ex­ "I never felt I couldn't do the job, but as I perience for a flesh-and-blood businessman Year's Day bowl games for 3 years in a reflect back on it 10 years later, I wasn't as than a corporation. row-something no other college coach has far along as I thought I was-just as a lot of Focusing on more conventional alterna­ ever accomplished. And, he has beaten players aren't as good as they think they tives than BankAmerica has available, many cross-town rival USC for 3 years in a row. corporations are now intently studying the are. possibility of banding together to form cap­ It has been 20 years since UCLA can boast "J.D. took an unbelievable gamble. He tives. The scheme has worked in the past of such an accomplishment. took a big chance hiring me with no proven for certain industries denied coverage: Nu­ Perhaps more important than his accom­ credentials, no track record as a head clear Electric Insurance Ltd. insures nuclear plishments on the football field is his repu­ coach." Now that J.D. has been proven correct, it power plants against damage. Oil Insurance tation as an outstanding member of the Ltd. was incorporated coach's clothing." downright embarrassing. Donahue has han­ some years ago by law firms based outside Last Sunday the Los Angeles Times ran a dled than all, good and bad, one game at a New York City. ALAC , just being formed, will like to include it in the RECORD. It is a fit. provide coverage for medium-size account­ Donahue has a way of chalking up victo­ ing firms. ting tribute to an outstanding football ries. Any kind of a setback is, at least, a Marsh & McLennan is now working to coach and a remarkable man. moral victory in some way. Or a stepping­ form ACE . by far its most ambitious under­ A TRIBUTE To THE U.C.L.A. BRUINS taking. As visualized by Clements, the bro­ impeccable image intact. ker's president, ACE would be a $100-million There were some who thought that or bigger stock corporation capitalized by Somewhere, J.D. Morgan was sm111ng the Morgan had made a stop-gap decision or a insurers and their corporate customers. The night that Terry Donahue became the win­ too-quick decision when he promoted the company would specialize in excess insur­ ningest coach in the history of UCLA foot­ young assistant coach three days after Dick ance and would sell only to its owners . Clements thinks inno­ young protege and proud of himself. He had It was the height of the recruiting season, vations such as ACE are essential if business played a hunch and he was right, again. a week before signing day. A quick decision is to get the coverage it needs: "The loss of J.D. didn't live long enou1h to see Dona­ was needed. But Morgan obviously had had high limits of coverage is not going to be ac­ hue set the record, but he lived long enough his eye on Donahue for years. ceptable to corporations." to see that he had been right about Dona­ Even at 31, Donahue had a strong reputa­ The problem for any industry captive hue. tion among coaches. And he had already born out of dire need is that it is a refuge He'd had confidence in the 31-year-old as­ proven his grit at UCLA. for parties that cannot get insurance else­ sistant coach whom he promoted to head Donahue grew up in Los Angeles, the son where. That makes it a victim of "adverse coach in 1976. of a physician, one of five boys and always selection," in which it attracts more than its Ten years later, Donahue has a record of wanted to play football for UCLA. When he share of inferior risks; this can drive away 77-30-6 and has broken Bill Spaulding's wasn't recruited at Notre Dame High School prospective members. If you are a New York record for most victories by a UCLA coach. in Sherman Oaks, he started to work his clearinghouse bank, do you really want to Donahue has nurtured a strong and repu­ way in. He walked on a San Jose State and insure other high-wire acts just like your table program at UCLA. then at Valley College and then, finally, at own? For three straight years, he has won a UCLA. In a chaotic market like today's, all the bowl game on New Year's Day. No one else Bill Barnes was the Bruin coach who gave questions are hard-but answers will devel- in the country has done that. the 6-foot, 190 pound defensive tackle his November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30925 first chance, red-shirting Donahue in 1964, of them. He got his apology before any for a minute before saying; "I'm not sure but Tommy Prothro was the coach when other reporter saw him that day. what that refers to.... I would think that Donahue started in the Rose Bowl game on Donahue is sensitive about his image. He my basis philosophy would not agree with New Year's Day, 1966. knows what he wants it to be. And. of that kind of approach. I would hope I don't His start in coaching was much the same. course, he has been successful in making it do that. I don't think you can keep score. Soon after Donahue had been promoted to just that. People make mistakes. You don't want a head coach, Pepper Rodgers told this story: Terry Donahue: A winner. A great guy. A scorecard-don't judge lest ye be judged." "When Terry graduated from UCLA, he gentleman. A family man. A religious man. And yet, the coach of a major college foot­ wrote me and said he wanted to come to A moral man. ball program will be judged constantly. It Kansas as my graduate assistant. He said The administration considers him one of comes with the territory. That was one of he'd work for nothing to prove his ability. the university's proudest assets. The alums the main things that DoniLhue had to get It's hard to refuse a man who makes that love him. His players respect him. Mothers used to when he became head coach. kind of offer. Too many people in the entrust their sons to him. Other teams After years in the headlines, he now can coaching profession are too concerned about would love to have him. say: "I hope I have more friends than en­ their position or how much money they're And he really seems to live that role. If he emies. But once you've been successful, you going to make before they prove them­ doesn't, he's done a very good job of keeping have critics. When you're down, people criti­ selves." his slips private. cize. When you're up, people pick at you. Donahue was an unpaid assistant for one The Santa Monica Evening Outlook, after It's mediocrity that just rolls along, unno­ season. Kansas went to the Orange Bowl finding no one who had a bad word to say ticed. I've been successful. I have my critics. after that 1967 season and Rodgers made about him concluded that he must be "a That beats the alternative." him a full-time member of the staff the saint in coach's clothing." Donahue has had to develop lots of work­ next season. He had responsibility for the It's hard to say just exactly what Terry ing philosophies. He used to listen to tapes defensive line and, at 23, he was one of the Donahue really is or really is not. But one of other coaches' ideas as he drove between youngest college coaches ever. thing is for sure-he's not stupid. UCLA and his home in Westlake Village. Donahue returned to UCLA, as a member All things considered. Donahue has done a Now, he spouts some of his own. He likes to of Rodgers' staff when Rodgers was hired as masterful job of putting all the pieces to­ call it growing. head coach after the 1970 season. gether. He has done what he has had to do He was young when he became the coach, Rodgers said: "When I left UCLA for to win in the cut-throat competitive world and he had to do a lot of learning on the Georgia Tech in 1974, I wanted to take Don­ of college football, and he has come away job, thinking on his feet. ahue along, but J.D. Morgan told me that with people thinking he's a saint. "No one is born a head coach," Donahue was the one coach I couldn't take." Now, that is a masterful accomplishment. said "You're an assistant coach, and then Of the hundreds of young men who have Donahue not only had strong recommen­ played for him over the years, very few pub­ all of a sudden one afternoon, you're elevat­ dations from Prothro, Vermeil and Rodgers licly criticize him. ed to head coach. And when they elevate when he applied for the job, but other as­ Recently, Michael Young, now a receiver you they don't give you a manual that tells sistants told Morgan that Donahue was the for the Rams, talked about some of the neg­ you how to become a head coach. There best choice. ative feelings that players have about him. isn't one. Maybe there ought to be. Bob Fischer, who was then Morgan's as­ Dokie Williams, a receiver with the Raiders, "So you're given what we used to call in sistant athletic director, remembers that has said that he thought Donahue didn't the service, off-the-job training. You learn Dick Tomey, who also was considered for use him much at UCLA just to make a as you go along and if you're good enough the job and who later became the head point, to show that anyone who crossed and lucky enough, you survive. coach at the University of Hawaii, told him-in his case by skipping spring football "What happens is that you learn to grow Morgan that, "Terry was a great selection to run track-would pay. with the job. When I first got the head and that Terry would tum out to be the Others have complained, off the record, coaching job here, I thought I got it because best coach UCLA ever had." about Donahue's negative approach. They I was the best technical coach on the staff. I Fischer said: "I had a vote, and I voted for resent the way he never praises his own thought I got the head coaching job be­ Terry. I don't know how much weight that players, never promotes them for All-Ameri­ cause I was a good coach-and it was , in a sense. the various candidates, I definitely thought to be afraid of losing instead of looking for­ But the more you work as the head coach, that Terry was on top-especially as far as ward to winning. They say he manipulates the more your time is taken away from the promise was concerned." and holds grudges. pure technical aspects to other aspects. It Those who had worked with him had seen But then there is Rick Neuheisel, the took me a long time to learn to like those beneath Donahue's beguiling facade of quarterback who walked on at UCLA and other aspects. charming, youthful innocence. They had eventually led the team to a Rose Bowl vic­ "I wanted to coach. That was what I was known the hard-driving intensity, the ruth­ tory. He butted egos with Donahue as often best at. That was what I liked. It took me a less singleness of purpose, the perfection­ as anyone, saved a season for Donahue and long time to learn to spread myself among ist's ego, the defensive attitude toward any­ never got much thanks or credit, but three areas. thing and anyone challenging him. counters with the argument: "What good "One is the technical aspects-the X's and All are fine qualities for a football coach. does it do for anyone to speak against him? O's and the plays you run. They are the kinds of qualities Woody You have to give him respect for what he "The second is the administrative aspect, Hayes always admired in field generals. accomplishes. We won. I won a Rose Bowl which involves everything from dealing But they are not necessarily the qualities game." with the school's administration to dealing that Donahue sets before the public. Now, that's what Donahue would call a with the media, speaking, dealing with the Even at football practice, Donahue-al­ reasonable statement. students, answering correspondence, what­ though briskly businesslike-maintains a Presented with some of these ideas, Dona­ ever, A to Z. gentlemanly demeanor. He doesn't bark ob­ hue said, "I'm not always nice. I can be hard "And then the third is personnel. There scenities or rip off helmets. He gives nods of to deal with at times. I've never tried to are two types of personnel, those currently approval or icy stares. project myself as a saint. on your team and those you need to go out The other day, without raising his voice, "People who are reasonable-and I'm talk­ and bring to your team. he stopped a player cold just by using a ing about the majority of people; most "It took me a long time to formulate my menacing tone. people are reasonable-realize that there philosophy and figure out when to have em­ Upperclassmen clue the freshmen early: are no perfect human beings. We all make phasis on one area, when the other area and Don't be misled. Donahue is no pushover, mistakes. The last perfect guy was put on a how to disperse my time over the three and you don't want to get on the wrong side cross and crucified. fronts." of him. Period. "People who are reasonable realize that Of all the adjustments Donahue has made There is a relaxed and friendly camarade­ anyone who is in a responsible position of over the years to make himself a success as rie among his coaching staff but there is no authority or decision-making ls going to be the football coach at UCLA, the most tell­ question who is calling the shots. faced with certain choices. The only thing ing is the change that he made with his of­ Donahue is usually accessible to and coop­ that they can do is evaluate the information fense. erative with reporters. He can be very to the best they're capable of and then go "We were 9-2-1 our first year and it would charming and personable. On his terms. But with their honest-to.goodness feeling of be very hard ·for anyone to convince me, don't press your luck, and choose your ad­ what is in the best interest of the team or from a technical standpoint, that the veer jectives carefully. He once threatened to the program or the individual." offense wasn't any good," Donahue said. boycott a whole group of visiting reporters Donahue seemed troubled by the idea "Lou Holtz was going to bowl games with it. because he had a year-old gripe against one that he holds grudges. He thought about it All kinds of people were winning with it. It's 30926 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 a good offense. Not only that, we had won At the time of sentencing, Jackson's attor­ thinks is better for him, we won't stand in the year before and gone to the Rose Bowl neys attempted to show what kind of a his way. That has always been the policy at with it. person he was by showing how many friends UCLA.'' "Pepper had been a wishbone coach. Dick had come to the courtroom to support him. In the past, Donahue has expressed more was left with wishbone personnel. He didn't He asked everyone there in support of Jack­ interest in pro jobs than in other college want a wishbone team so he went to the son to stand. Among them was Donahue. jobs. So it remains to be seen whether he veer. The veer took us to the Rose Bowl his After Jackson was released from Jail, Don­ would make the move to snowy South Bend, second year. So when I got the job, my ahue helped him catch on with a USFL Ind., even if the job were offered. He's thought was, 'Gee, we just went to the Rose team. Southern California born and reared. Bowl with it. Plus, all my background had The only other black mark on UCLA's If the Notre Dame opportunity presented been veer offense.' So we continued with it. record since Donahue became coach is a itself, Donahue would be in a no-lose situa­ But I got the lable of being a boring, con­ year's probation in 1980. UCLA was one of tion. He could take what is considered the servative coach. five Pacific 10 schools caught up in a scan­ premier position in college football and "I tried to take a good, hard look at the dal involving unearned school credits and start over, or stay in one of the very good criticism that was leveled at me, and I final­ falsified transcripts in 1977. positions in college football where he's al­ ly came to the conclusion that it wasn't If the forfeits in 1977 are factored into ready a winner. enough just to win here. I was winning, and Donahue's record he has not broken He just might stay. He turned down Arizo­ I was on a pretty good pace in terms of past Spaulding's mark. The Bruin record was ad­ na State last season. And he's talked to lots UCLA coaches, in terms of percentages. But justed from 7-4 to 0-9 with 2 no contests. of others without being swayed. it obviously wasn't enough. There was a Donahue's record would then be 70-35-6. "I'm not saying that I would never consid· great deal of unhappiness. However, neither UCLA nor any of the er another Job," Donahue said. "You know "Maybe in this town, it's different. Maybe other Pac-10 schools take this added factor that I have considered others. But I am in this town, you have to do it with some into mind when reviewing Donahue's suc­ saying that I like what I'm doing at UCLA. flair and entertainment. cess ratio. I'm proud of what we have accomplished "I've learned that you have to be flexible, Nothing like that has come up lately. The here. I feel a sense of satisfaction. I also still adjustable." program has been clean. Donahue credits feel a sense of challenge.'' · And you have to learn how to handle ad­ the change of philosophy after Billy Don Donahue wasn't the only one who versity. Jackson for that, too. thought of J.D. Morgan when he set the Take negatives and make them positives. "Because of the shift in policy at UCLA in record. Fischer was conjuring up the same During Donahue's reign at UCLA, by far the last five years or so, the kinds of people images. Fischer said: "J.D. was very proud the most embarrassing episode has been the that we're generally recruiting are easier of Terry. He got to see Terry five years saga of Billy Don Jackson. types of people to recruit," Donahue said. before he died. You can imagine how happy Billy Don was one of the best defensive "When you're dealing with intelligent he was from the very beginning when they tackles in the country when he was recruit­ people from stable families and back­ went down and played Arizona State in ed from Sherman, Tex. He was a freshman grounds, the whole recruiting process is, up­ their very first game. , you either that is the economic leader of the free Congress; and the remedy continues in the grow up and support the system or you see the faults and you oppose it. I fall in the world-the nation that safeguards human­ long run with improved fiscal discipline latter category. I am a white male, nineteen ity's freedom against the forces of Commu­ through legislative spending restraint. res­ years of age and currently studying in nist tyranny. toration of impoundment authority to the second year for a Bachelor of Commerce With economic opportunity and human President. and the adoption of a balanced degree at the local university. In short, I freedom on the line, the continued oper­ budget amendment to the Constitution. have derived all the benefits that such a ation of our country is jeopardized by the Under these procedures the GNP-GAP system has to offer. A good education, refusal of congressional big spenders to would no longer plague the Nation with voting rights and superior facilities to name pursue a fiscally responsible course in the just a few. But there are millions of other Macawber-like fiscal misery. and the con­ "South Africans" who have been denied the management of the public debt and in the gressional spenders would have to choose same opportunities and I refuse to join the conduct of our budgetary affairs. If the between higher truces to pay for their army and fight these people-they also have Congress does not act within the next few higher spending or lower spending so the a right to live. days to pass responsible and meaningful Nation would live within its means. I am an optimist, but I'm afraid that when debt-ceiling legislation, the Federal Govern­ Vice President BUSH's comment from the it comes to South Africa I have my doubts. ment's ability to function, to meet its obli­ Only a few days ago the Leader of the Op­ Washington Times is submitted for your gations, to discharge its responsibilities will consideration. position, Dr. van Zyl Slabbert, stated that come to an abrupt end. the country is slipping into civil war. I tend CFrom the Washington Times, Nov. 1, 19851 to agree with that opinion. The problem arises because we have prof· The South African Government has re­ ligately spent the last penny in the Treas­ TAMING THE DEFICIT MONSTER sorted to force to keep their beliefs alive. ury till; we are out of money and we are This force is fruitless as the battle for out of credit. The statutory ceiling on the It is time to bring the debate and discus­ South Africa cannot be won with the gun; public debt has been reached. We cannot sion to a halt on the question of whether or South Africa will only see peace when all spend more until the Congress approves the not to surrender to huge federal budget parties have solved the problem diplomati­ pending Balanced Budget and Emergency deficits. The answer lies in immediately re­ cally. In the meantime the escalation of vio­ Deficit Control Act of 1985 or some stopgap forming and disciplining the process by lence continues. which the federal government makes its In conclusion, I would like to offer my alternative response to the fiscal logjam. This crisis that now so critically con­ spending decisions and puts its budget in services to you in your attempt to get the place. resolution passed, or in any other attempts fronts the Congress is not an unforeseen or The budget deficit is a spending problem, you may have to bring peace and justice to inadvertent development. Fiscally responsi­ not a tax problem. In the last 30 years, South Africa. Please do not hesitate to con­ ble Members of Congress have repeatedly spending rose from 18 percent of the gross tact me at the above address. forewarned that budgetary forbearance was national product to 25 percent. During that Yours faithfully, an essential precondition of a solvent gov­ same period, receipts rose from 18 percent . ernment and that dire consequences were of the GNP to 20 percent, even after the I urge my colleagues to join with me in certain to ensure in its absence. For 30 Reagan administration's tax cuts. If we this effort to see that asylum is granted to years, the congressional big spenders have don't control growth in spending, we can't those South Africans who do not wish to be expediently and prodigally ignored that cut the deficit, even with higher taxes. a part of the violence of apartheid. Only the federal government has system­ warning and shunned the course of fiscal atically and deliberately spent more than it responsibility. takes in through revenues. The federal gov­ THE BUDGETARY "GNP-GAP" What might be labeled the GNP-GAP­ ernment rationale to run a deficit outside of the excess of the percent of gross national wartime was developed a few decades ago. product that Congress votes to spend over The idea at the time was that running a def­ HON. GUY VANDER JAGT icit would bring about economic growth, OF MICHIGAN the GNP percent it is willing to tax-has insidiously increased. Unrestrained Federal new employment, and stabilization of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES business cycle. Additionally, deficit spending spending has widened the GNP-GAP over Wednesday, November 6, 1985 made it possible to satisfy the claims of the decades and the consequent burgeoning every interest group that came looking to Mr. VANDER JAGT. Mr. Speaker, when Federal debt has brought us to the existing the federal government for money, a boon the subject of truces arises, when discus­ fiscal brink. In the past 30 years, Federal for politicians trying to please all constitu­ sions revolve around fiscal responsibility spending as a percent of gross national ents back home. and financial obligations and when deci­ product has risen from 18 to 25 percent Everyone knew that increasing taxes sions are being made as to how best to deal while taxes have risen from 18 percent of would stifle the economy by diverting re­ with those matters and questions, I have GNP to 20 percent. The escalating point sources from the efficient private sector to the less efficient public sector, but deficits relied to a great extent on the wisdom, spread in the GNP-GAP has been impru­ helped officials avoid confronting the prob­ opinions, and on the judgment of Tom dently countered by the indulgent accept­ lem. Martin. certainly one of the outstanding ance of an obscene explosion in the public As a result, deficits became addictive. For former minority staff directors of the indebtedness. 24 of the last 25 years, the federal govern­ House Committee on Ways and Means. Charles Dickens' Mr. Micawber once ment's expenditures have exceeded its reve­ In recent days, Tom brought to my atten­ opined in the pages of David Copperfield: nues. Nobody bothered with the old theoret­ tion an excellent newspaper article by Vice Annual income twenty pounds, annual ex­ ical justifications about stimulating the President GEORGE BUSH, which appeared penditure nineteen nineteen six, result hap­ economy through deficits or curing unem­ in the Washington Times on November 1, piness. Annual income twenty pounds, ployment, because a deficit was routine in federal budgeting. 1985. The Vice President is right on target. annual expenditure twenty pounds ought and six, result misery. Deficits could have been avoided during Through reading this article and discussing this period as federal revenues grew by important points with Tom, I was reminded So as it was with Mr. Micawber, it is now more than $600 billion, or nearly 700 per­ once more of the critical need for compre­ also with the Congress-and misery is upon cent. During those 25 years, annual spend­ hensive action to address budget deficits. us. ing grew almost 950 percent, or $800 billion. How much longer are we prepared to wait A responsible course of action for the The federal government now spends $4,200 and more importantly, how much longer Nation to follow in dealing with this urgent a year on every man, woman, and child, can our country and our citizens wait for fiscal/budgetary problem has been aptly compared to $470 in 1960. Unchecked federal spending resulted from us? outlined by the Nation's distinguished Vice two important factors. The first element I fully share the concern of our Nation President in a commentary which appeared was the strength of our economy and the that watches as the Congress currently dab­ in the November first edition of the Wash­ sustained pace of real growth resulting from bles and doodles amid a budgetary dead­ ington Times. Vice President BUSH states work-force increases, healthy productivity lock that threatens the fiscal integrity and that the way out of our dilemma begins gains from new technologies, stable or de- 30934 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 clining real energy prices, and the demand the Congress has to pass a law to authorize agement of little steel plowed them back for exports fueled by the return to econom­ any part of the federal government to spend into the plant. It is important to note that ic health of the devastated economies of money. The yearly funding for the federal the average age of plant machinery in a Europe and Japan. government is contained in a set of bills The second component in increased spend­ each of which funds a different set of feder: minimill is 9.4 years compared to 22 years ing was inflation. The federal tax system al programs. in integrated steel plants. grew bigger, feeding off inflation to push up One of those 13 bills for 1985, the Energy The inspiring success of little steel is per­ tax rates automatically. What Congress and Water Development Appropriations haps best exemplified by the Chaparral would never vote to do-raise taxes by tens Act, contains a provision to appropriate $1.3 Steel Co. in Midlothian, TX. The average of billions of dollars each year-happened million to pump sand onto a beach in New production for a steelworker in the United all by itself through "bracket creep" and Jersey. In the same bill, a second provision States is 350 tons per year while Japanese the devaluation of business expense deduc­ calls for spending more than $7 .3 billion for workers produce 850 tons. A steelworker at tions and depreciation allowances. research, development, and construction of In the 1970s, a third factor contributed to the U.S. nuclear arsenal. In order to veto Chaparral produces 1,300 tons of steel per uncontrolled government spending, and one provision of the bill, the president must year. I am proud to say that the Chaparral that was the "peece dividend" that resulted veto the entire bill. With a line-item veto, plant is in my congressional district. Fol­ from a significant decrease in defense Congress wouldn't be able to piggyback lowing is an article on the plant that ap­ spending. It went from $106 billion in 1968 pork-barrel spending on critical national se­ peared in the Washington Monthly in Feb­ to $67 billion in 1976. curity programs. ruary 1985. I commend Mr. Kurt Eichen­ In effect, the federal government put in The second major step we can take to wald for his fine article. place a massive structure of programs that bring this spending Juggernaut under con­ required constant revenue feeding. Spend­ trol is to enact a balanced-budget amend­ CFrom the Washington Monthly, Feb. 19851 ing more and more of the taxpayers' money ment to our nation's Constitution. Forty­ AMERICA'S SUCCESSFUL STEEL INDUSTRY became a completely painless exercise for seven states have such an amendment for state budgets. government officials. Rather than complain about foreign com­ The automatic tax increase resulting from With the balanced-budget amendment a line-item veto, and a strengthened budget petition, Big Steel should look at mini-mills the interaction between the federal tax like Chaparral here at home. system and inflation began to falter in the process that would result from adoption of the Gramm-Rudman proposal by the Con­ You don't have to be an economist to late 1970s under the Carter administration. know that the big steel companies are in Productivity faltered, inflation soared, and gress, the era of spending binges can be put behind us. trouble. Since 1977 they have closed or idled interest rates skyrocketed. some 20 plants or parts of plants. Produc­ The Reagan administration in 1981 imple­ tion capacity has shrunk by about ten mil­ mented an economic program which effec­ lion metric tons per year-roughly 8 per­ tively stripped away the veil that covered AMERICA'S SUCCESSFUL STEEL INDUSTRY cent-and from 1979 to 1982, the number of the mechanisms behind federal spending in­ steelworkers with jobs plummeted from creases. Tax brackets were indexed, and the 453,000 to 247,000-45 percent. inflation rate was lowered. HON. JOE BARTON If you listen to the industry lobbyists who We've been contining to chip away at OF TEXAS troop down to Washington each year to excess spending, but we barely have begun IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demand government relief, you probably to roll back the excesses of the prior 20 Wednesday, November 6, 1985 think that foreign competitors are to blame years. But it's not because we haven't tried. for big steel's troubles. The Japanese and The Reagan administration has proposed Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, we Koreans aren't fair traders, the lobbyists more than $600 billion in spending reduc­ argue; they subsidize their steel industries tions during the past five years. The prob­ are all familiar with the troubles that have plagued the U.S. steel industry over the and throw up tariffs to keep out Amercian lem is that Congress has rejected about half products. To complete, this argument con­ of those spending reductions, preferring in­ past decade. Since 1977, 20 steel plants have been closed down or idled. Production has cludes, we need import quotas on foreign stead to finance excess spending on credit steel. and to let government control more and fallen by 10 million metric tons a year. Em­ But there's a significant flaw in this argu­ more of the resources in our economy. ployment has plummetted by over 45 per­ ment-a lot of the competition is already How can we get back on a path that leads cent and 200,000 jobs have been lost. Years inside the gate. While the heads of big steel up to a balanced budget that will keep gov­ of inadequate capital investment in plant have been in Washington seeking protec­ ernment from growing faster than the pri­ robbed the U.S. steel industry of its com­ tion, a high-tech, non-union sector of the vate economy? The answer, of course, lies in steel industry right here in the United disciplined federal spending. petitive edge and doomed American compa­ nies to a losing battle with foreign steel States has been quietly snatching up their In the executive branch, we are fairly well markets. These "mini-mills" now have 20 organized. The president sets spending tar­ companies. We fell behind the competition percent of the domestic steel market and gets in the fall, the various departments and after years of trade restraints the match the share taken by foreign competi­ follow up with budget submissions, and then United States is still struggling to catch up tors. tough choices are made on what to fund and with our rivals. How have the minis managed to succeed what to cut. However, it appears that the problems in an industry littered with failure and After the budget is ready, it is sent to that we all associate with the U.S. steel in­ bankruptcy? To find out, I paid a visit to Congress, where the budget is reshaped and one-the Chaparral Steel Company in Mid­ reworked and redone through a lengthy, la­ dustry may be particular to big steel. The unsung story of the steel industry over the lothian, Texas. In 1982, the year U.S. Steel's borious process. We arrived at the start of losses totaled more than $2.5 billion, Chap­ this fiscal year without a single appropria­ past 10 years is the succe88 of small steel arral turned a profit of $11 million. Grant­ tions bill ready to be signed by the presi­ companies, the "minimllls," in meeting the ed, mini-mills like Chaparral owe much of dent. Also, only four bills have been passed challenge of foreign competition. Little their success to their ability to ride piggy­ by Congress out of 13 bills required to pass steel now accounts for 20 percent of the do· back on their big, inflexible competitors by funding for the entire government. The mestic market and matches the share of working from scrap steel . But to a surprising extent the success control. counted for only 2 percent of the domestic of mini-mills in general, and Chaparral in What we need is discipline in developing a particular, rests on elementary principles of federal budget-discipline and reform. market. Some estimates indicate that their share could rise to 40 percent by the year management that are accessible to big I believe we can reach the ultimate goal of steel-principles that American industry has a balanced budget in two ways. One solution 2000. neglected for too long. is to undo the erosion in the president's au­ There are a number of elements in the thority to control spending that happened success of little steel in meeting the chal­ GOBBLING REFRIGERATORS when Congress stripped away his authority lenge from foreign competition, including Midlothian is not the first place you'd to withhold spending in the 1974 Budget think to look for a successful steel mill. A and Impoundment Control Act. One route the fact that most of these minimills use ranch and farming community 25 miles out­ to giving the president this authorize a line­ nonunion labor. However, the most impor· side of Dallas with a population of 3,000 item veto. tant element in the success of little steel is before the mill was built, the town was best Here is one example of why this authori­ aggressive and far-sighted management. In­ known for its rolling hills, similar to those zation is critical. Under the Constitution, stead of banking their earnings, the man- of its Scottish namesake. But in 1973, when November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30935 Texas Industries J: C01'STRUCTI01' After six hours, you have molten steel. Once might in union steel mills or other indus­ Another key to Chaparral's hiah morale la the brew is cooked, it's generally poured out tries. Indeed, the fact that there hasn't been that no employee has ever been laid off. In in the form of ingots. Like all cast steel, a pay raise at the plant for the past two December 1981, thanks to soaring produc­ ingots have to be rolled like dough into years has led to some carping among work­ tion, managers figured that there were proper shape. Because ingots usually have ers at Chaparral. But the complaint doesn't about 40 more employees than they needed defective surface that have to be ground have quite the hard edge you'd find else­ to fill the orders at hand. But in8tead of down or burned off, they are reheated and where. One reason is the absence of the sort laying people off, Chaparral put them to rolled one more time into their final shape. of stiffling seniority rules, common at other work. The company waa Juat completing In a mini-mill, by contrast, there's no iron big steel mills, that guarantee a promotion construction of its medium aection mill ore-Just scrap-and the electric furnace in to the person who's been around the long­ through a contractor. Chaparral polled its which it's cooked can produce molten steel est, regardless of whether somebody else employees concerning their experience in in a little less than two hours. The molten with less seniority can do the Job better. At construction. The outside contractor waa steel is then pored immediately through Chaparral, promotions are based on merit. sent home and Chaparral's own crew of casting molds, cooled and hardened by The result: workers are motivated to make a steelworkers was put to work with hammers water, in a process known as "continuous better effort, rather than Juat put in their and saws to complete the new plant. casting." That skips the ingot phase and, time. Small wonder efforts to unionize the mill consequently, the need for two rollings. Another reuon la that everyone from the failed. In 1977 the United Steelworkers led a After the steel is cast, it can be rolled imme­ president on down haa a share in 6 percent union drive that was soundly rejected: with diately into the final product. of the company's pre-tax profits. The profit­ 98 percent of the workers voting, 73 percent Since continuous casting does not pre­ sharing la distributed on a sliding scale that caat their ballots against unionizing the clude the use of iron ore, it is at least theor­ comes out to between 9 and 20 percent of plant. Amolli the workers I spoke with, tically as accessible to the integrated steel wages. there waa unanimous agreement that keep. mills as it is to mini-mills. But the advan­ In addition to 1Mn1 workers a share in in1 the union out waa a key factor in the tages of continuous casting did not become the outcome, Chaparral gives them a maJor plant's productivity. Joe Barcevac, a former obvious until the last decade, with the share in the declaiona. Declaion-makin1 la worker at U.S. Steel's South Works plant in result that the newer mini-mills were able pushed all the way down to the shop floor­ Chicago, told me, "At the other mill I waa to take advantage of the new technology, and with only four layers of manaaement, stuck in a craft line. I couldn't help some­ while big steel, which cut back on capital in· that's not all that far. Workers aren't Juat encour­ do what we have to to get the Job done." mill is 22 years as compared to 9.4 years at a aged to try out their ideaa for improvin1 In fact, it's hard to find anybody at Chap. mini-mill.> The amount of steel produced productivity; it's considered part of their arral who haa anything good to say about through continuous casting in the United Job. "We don't have a su11eation box labor unions-that la, until you walk over. to States since 1971 has increased less than 20 around here," Beach said. "If somebody's the management offices. Their main suapect percent-and is disproportionately concen­ got a su11e1tion, they either do it or tell ua for the steel industry killer? Management. trated in the mini-mills-while the Japanese what they need to do it." "I think the attitude takC;.;:i by other compa­ have increased the use of continuous casting Executives may make the recommend&· nies la unnecesaarily adversarial," Beach by nearly 60 percent.O tiona to foremen for potential employees, told me. "If they treat their employees like FREE COFl'D but It's the foremen who make the final units, then of course they'll band together Superior technology is one reason the hiring declalona. After all, It's the foremen in a union. But if they treat the union like minimills maintain such an impressive level who work- with the crews. Similarly, when an adversary, they're guaranteed a stale­ of productivity. The average production for out-of-state customers have a complaint, mate." Forward agrees. "If you treat your 30936 . EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 employees like a number," he said, "then ten tons for every man, woman, and child in As Senator Paul Laxalt told Mr. Marcos you deserve a union." America-and all of that is potential scrap during a recent visit to the Philippines, im­ MOUNTAINS OF SCRAP for the mini-mills. It's especially delicious to portant American interests are at stake. If In 1960, the minis were to big steel what consider that every foreign automobile that the Communists take over, we are virtually competitors were to Ma Bell-inconsequen­ rolls off the docks is another potential certain to lose our military access to the tial and on the fringe. There were only 10 to morsel for the electric furnaces. For techni­ bases at Clark Field and Subic Bay. The Fil­ 12 minis taking up about 2 percent of the cal reasons, the minis at present are unable ipino people would lose any chance for a steel market. But since then the mills have to make sheet steel, which keeps them out democratic future. Worst of all, a ruthless exploded onto the scene, with more than 50 of a substantial portion of the market right Communist regime is likely to tum the Phil­ producing approximately 14 million metric now. But at least one mini-mill company­ ippines into a brutalized, stagnant society, tons of steel per year. It is now estimated Nucor-has already begun to explore this like Vietnam and Cambodia, and would that the minis may capture as much as 40 area. allow the Soviet Union to replace America percent of the American steel market by the None of this is good news to the shell­ as its military partner. year 2000. shocked steel executives demanding govern­ What is so frustrating about this consen­ It's ironic that this success story is attrib­ ment bailouts or to their counterparts at sus is its failure to produce a solution. High­ utable in no small part of the big steel's the Steelworkers union. The trim mini-mill level warnings to Mr. Marcos have fallen on smug attitude during its heyday. Protected bureaucracy, with its salary levels sharply deaf ears. The reason is that the reforms he from the free market to which they pro­ below those of big steel, may not appeal to must make to tum the tide against the in­ fessed their devotion, the big companies set the execs-any more than the blue-collar surgency will also remove the political and their prices as though it were manifest des­ wages and high productivity standards economic foundation of his regime, perhaps tiny that American steel would always be appeal to the Steelworkers. And the pros­ putting his own life in jeopardy. number one. Steel was a classic oligopoly, pect of abandoning their adversarial posi­ Indeed, Mr. Marcos may lack the capacity with the United States Steel Corporation, tions for some form of cooperation seems to carry out the necessary reforms. It's un­ the unchallenged industry leader, determin­ equally distasteful to both. But with mini­ likely, for example, that he will confront ing the price structure of the entire indus­ mills like Chaparral popping up, it's clear the power and wealth of many of his cor­ try. But to avoid the searching eyes of the that there is a healthy steel industry in this rupt cronies to restore genuine competition trust busters, U.S. Steel made certain that country. to the marketplace. At most, he might be its prices wouldn't put other, less efficient able to deliver free and fair elections-if he companies out of the market. So the indus­ devotes himself wholeheartedly to the task. try protected its noncompetitive members IT'S TIME TO PUT HEAT ON So far, he has shown little inclination to do through a price structure that enabled MARCOS so. these companies to stay in the black. In In due course, America will probably have effect, this kept the entire steel industry to choose between supporting Mr. Marcos or only as competitive as its least efficient pro­ HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ supporting the democratic process. Our ducer. OF NEW YORK future position in the Philippines rests not Throughout the 1950s, steel prices were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with a dictator but with democracy, which grossly distorted. Despite slumping demand, alone gives people hope of a better society they increased an average of 5.8 percent an­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 without revolution. nually throughout the decade, compared to Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, a discredited Most Filipinos retain respect and affection 2 percent for wholesale products, according leadership, a declining economy, and a for the United States. These feelings are a to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. As any major source of strength we must now smart capitalist should have known, that growing Communist insurgency have openly use or lose. We must sever the sym­ price umbrella made the appearance of placed the future of the Philippines, a bolic link the Communists are forging with more efficient, more productive mills almost nation with which the United States has their rallying cry of a "U.S.-Marcos dictator­ inevitable. had a long and historic relationship, in ship." We must put Mr. Marcos on notice The minis' boom during the 1970s was jeopardy. that our interests in Filipino democracy will fueled by two factors. One was the increas­ As evidenced by Senator LAXALT's recent no longer be held hostage to a rigged elec­ ing demands of the United Steelworkers. trip to Manila, the United States can no tion. We must let the Filipino people know From 1969 to 1981 labor costs rose an aver­ we will no longer acquiesce in his continued age of 11.6 percent a year, helping to price longer afford to operate on a "business as abuses of power. the big companies out of many of the mar­ usual" basis with President Marcos. In­ We may have to establish a timetable for kets that the minis were all too eager to stead, we must be prepared to use our in­ electoral reform if Mr. Marcos lacks the will snatch up. The second factor was the tech­ fluence to bring about urgently needed re­ or capacity. To ease his resignation, we nological advances that were propelling for­ forms. should offer him and his family safe pas­ eign companies into a competitive position Senator BILL BRADLEY, in a recent op-ed sage and sanctuary for his retirement. We with big steel. By adopting these new tech­ piece in the New York Times, accurately must also be prepared to provide a worthy nologies, mini-mills significantly lowered describes the challenges and options facing successor to Mr. Marcos with the additional their capital costs in relation to big steel's. security assistance needed to restore democ­ In 1980 the Office of Technology Assess­ the United States in formulating a respon­ racy-not, as Mr. Marcos has used it, to ment showed how big those differences in sible policy toward the Philippines. It is my prop up his cronies and loyalists. costs could be. In 1978 dollars, the estimates hope that all policymakers have the oppor­ President Reagan believes there is still range from $154 to $320 per metric ton of tunity to read Senator BRADLEY's article. I time to persuade Mr. Marcos of the error of annual capacity for a minimill as compared have included his remarks in the RECORD his ways and set his regime on a new course. to the $956 to $1,500 for an integrated plant. for the benefit of my colleagues: But time is running out. The Administra­ A further factor is the cooperative style of tion temporizes, transfixed by the ghosts of management so evident at Chaparral and IT'S TIME To PuT HEAT ON MARCOS old friends in Cuba, Vietnam and Iran. other mini-mills. The profit-sharing plans, These are false, hence dangerous, parallels. employee stock opportunities, scholarship WASHINGTON.-There is a consensus here Breaking with Mr. Marcos is not a signal programs for the workers' children, and the about what is wron1 in the Ph111ppines. But that we are abandoning the Philippines to like are akin to the cooperative practices there seems to be a kind of paralysis about the Communists. On the contrary, it signals used so successfully in Japan. In fact, one of what to do. our commitment to seeing democracy re­ the most successful mini-mill companies, First, everyone &1?ees that Ferdinand E. stored. The sure way to betray that good Nucor Corporation of North Carolina, em­ Marcos has presided over the unchecked will and bring about the Communist victory braces the principle of lifetime employment. spread of a nationwide Communist insur­ we are eager to thwart is to slight the demo­ The particular niche that the mini-mills gency. Second, no one disputes that Mr. cratic option. Then the tide of revolution found-conversion of scrap steel into new Marcos has stubbornly rejected warnings will sweep away not only the dictator but steel products-brought scorn from big that unless he undertakes major reforms also future American influence in the Phil­ steel. "They're in what we call the junk end soon, the opportunity to revive democracy, ippines. of the business," one executive told Fortune regain prosperity and restore security will This grim reality requires us to act back in 1978, "and they can have it." But be lost. Third, policy makers even agree on promptly. It is time to speak publicly to the the same article noted that, thanks in large specific reforms he must make to insure fair Philippine people, pledging our support for part to the efforts of big steel over the last elections, free the economy from the mo­ the democratic process. Only by giving Mr. couple of generations, there are 2.3 billion nopolistic grip of his cronies and revitalize Marcos this kind of ultimatum can we open tons of steel sitting out there-more than the leadership of the armed forces. the way for the free and fair elections upon November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30937 which any successful counterinsurgency United States the ability to reduce the sky­ adjourn and leave the Senate no course of must be based and upon which the future of rocketing trade imbalance between the two action but to allow the trust fund to be dis­ the Philippines depends. nations. invested. When the Senate acted on the Certain diplomatic efforts toward this measure well after midnight Friday, the CURRENT TRENDS IN U.S. COAL end have been initiated, such as the forma­ halls of the House of Representatives were EXPORTS TO THE PACIFIC RIM tion of the United States-Japan Energy long since dark. For 8 hours earlier, the Working Group in 1983 and the November House had adjourned, knowing that no one HON. NICK JOE RAHALL II 1983 Joint Policy Statement on Energy Co­ would be present to receive and consider operation. However, to date, these efforts the Senate-modified bill. Without this OF WEST VIRGINIA have not been of great success. It should House consideration, the 5-day extension IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES also be noted that even as late as last bill designed to protect the trust fund died Wednesday, November 6, 1985 month, the President raised the coal trade a speedy death at the hands of those voting Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, Japan has issue with Prime Minister Nakasone during to adjourn. Despite being the self-pro­ traditionally been one of the largest im­ their meeting in New York. claimed saviors of Social Security, 205 of porters of United States coal, especially I believe that given the current mood of the 207 yea votes for adjournment were coal of metallurgical grade for use in the the American people toward reducing the cast by members of the majority party. steelmaking process. United States trade deficit, it is time to es­ In an attempt to cloud over this blatant In fact, in 1984 Japan accounted for 20 calate efforts to increase the coal trade display of irresponsibility, the majority has percent of total United States coal exports, with Japan. In this regard, I will seek to somehow associated a vote against the 5- purchasing 16.3 million short tons. meet with high-level Japanese coal buyers day extension as a vote in favor of disin­ There is no doubt that Japan is a long­ in the near future to impress upon them vestment. Mr. Speaker, I don't care if the standing and important market for United the importance this trade holds for West vote is to extend the national debt for 5 States coal, and West Virginia coal in par­ Virginia and other coal producing regions. days or 5 minutes, I will not support a bill ticular. But in recent years, the United I also believe there are other Pacific Rim which allows the Government to go deeper States share of the Japanese coal market countries which hold great promise for in debt unless we simultaneously adopt a has begun to evaporate as that country in­ West Virginia coal. Taiwan, for instance, binding resolution which will significantly creases its purchases of coal from other ex­ increased its purchases of United States reduce Federal spending and eventually porting nations. coal by almost 35 percent between 1983 and lead to a balanced Federal budget. Passage lo 1982, the United States had a 32-per­ 1984. This trend has continued into 1985. of the 5-day extension would simply have cent share of the Japanese coal market. During the first half of this year, United added another $17 billion to our already Last year, the United States was barely States coal exports to Taiwan have in-· enormous national debt, with no assurance hanging on to an 18-percent share and creased by 170 percent over the level estab­ that this fiscal irresponsibility would ever during the first 8 months of 1985, this lished during the same period in 1984. stop. figure plummeted to a mere 15.7-percent Clearly, this relationship should be nur­ I can only wonder how long this charade market share. tured and and continued. will continue. Perhaps another member Meanwhile, Australia, Canada, South could inform me just how many 5-day debt Africa, and the People's Republic of China DEBT LIMIT CRISIS limit extensions will be necessary before we all increased their share of the Japanese resolve this issue. Whatever the number is, coal market. Last year, Australia held a 47- you can be assured that I will vote against percent share of the Japanese coal market, HON. DAN SCHAEFER OF COLORADO each and every one. I plan on supporting Canada an 18-percent share, South Africa a only one debt limit extension, Mr. Speaker, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 9-percent share, and the People's Republic one that results in a balanced Federal of China a 5-percent share. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 budget. And judging by the level of commit· This decline in U.S. market share has hit Mr. SCHAEFER. Mr. Speaker, commit­ ment in this body, that yea vote could be a West Virginia metallurgical coal producers ted. It is a word I am finding increasingly long time coming. especially hard. In 1980, for example, West difficult to use when describing some Mem­ Let me conclude by assuring my col­ Virginia shipped 9.5 million metric tons of bers of this House of Representatives. We leagues across the aisle, that I have not in coal to Japan. In 1984, this figure dropped are not committed to reducing the deficit. the past, nor will I ever, support using to 5.3 million metric tons of coal. We are not committed to balancing the Social Security Trust Funds for anything One of the reasons given for this decline Federal budget. Worst of all, we're not but their intended purpose. Let's stop play. in the United States share of the Japanese committed to the American people. ing political games and for once do some­ coal market is the price of our coal, which Last Friday evening, this body voted to thing solely for the benefit of the American is of a higher quality and more expensive adjourn without first resolving-even tem­ people. Let's balance the Federal budget­ than export coal from other nations. porarily-the debt limit crisis. In so doing, now. However, the Japanese have been very we left a cloud of uncertainty over this artful in creating an excess capacity of coal country, while we enjoyed our weekend. from their suppliers. Through institutions Worse than that, some have led our Na­ THE MANUFACTURING CLAUSE such as the Japan Coal Development Corp., tion's Social Security recipients to believe OF THE COPYRIGHT ACT New Energy Development Organization, that unless we passed last-minute leglsla· the Federation of Electric Power Co's., and tion to extend the debt limit 5 days, their HON. MARTY RUSSO the Electric Power Development Co., along benefits would somehow be affected. As it 01' ILLINOIS with the Japanese Ministry of International turns out, this ls only one of a series of de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Trade and Industry, new coal mines in ceptions by some of my colleagues. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Canada and Australia were constructed re­ The majority party also led us to believe ceiving huge loans from Japanese institu­ that if the House failed to pass a 5-day ex· Mr. RUSSO. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to tions. Japan is also involved in coal tension of the debt limit, the Treasury De· join with Mr. FRANK in introducing legisla­ projects in the Soviet Union and the Peo­ partment would be forced to disinvest the tion to make the Manufacturing Clause of ple's Republic of China. trust fund. Heralded as the blll to save the the Copyright Act a permanent part of the As such, today, many United States coal fund, the temporary extension passed. Why law. The Manufacturing Clause has helped producers are being forced to accept below then, was Treasury forced to disinvest $17 our printing industry become one of our or near-cost prices assuming the Japanese billion in Social Security Trust Funds, cost· most vital and productive industries. This will take their production at all. ing the fund milllons of dollars in lost in· extension will prevent hundreds of thou· Since the United States-Japanese coal terest? sands of American jobs from being shipped trade is about a $1.5-billion a year item, in­ Simply because the majority party, overseas. And with 31,000 of the 42,000 U.S. creased coal sales to Japan offers the knowing well the consequences, voted to printing companies employing fewer than 30938 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 20 worken, this legislation clearly en­ Specifically, the modifications eliminated prepayment of imported goods in Indone­ hances American small business. the manufacturing requirement for nonli· sia; the requirement in Singapore that all For 94 yean, the Manufacturing Clause terary works, for works of foreign authon publications be approved by the Ministry of of the Copyright Act has been the trade law in languages other than English, for test Culture; extensive consular formalities in of the American printing industry. The marketing of English language works fint the Philippines; new French - regulations clause states that material which is prepon­ .published in foreign countries, for works which require French-language documenta­ derantly of a nondramatic literary nature fint published in a country adhering to the tion of all imported goods; and inflation in­ and is written in English by an American Univenal Copyright Convention, and for surance schemes which allow domestic author or by an author domiciled in the works written by a national of a country firms in the United Kingdom and Italy to United States must be printed in the United adhering to the Univenal Copyright Con· States or Canada in order to be entitled to vention. underbid noninsured foreign competiton the full and unqualified 'protection of U.S. In 1976, Congress further modified the in world trade. copyright laws. The clause is currently due Manufacturing Clause and set a July 1, Canada, for example, applies a wide to expire on July 1, 1986. 1982, expiration date for the provision. The array of barrien to imports of United Although the U.S. printing industry is modifications eliminated the requirement States printed products. In response to currently strong, eliminating the Manufac­ for domestic typesetting, and removed the their inclusion in the United States Man­ turing Clause would deal it a crippling manufacturing requirement for non-Eng· facturing Clause, Canada has zero-rated its blow. A 1981 Department of Labor study lish works by U.S. citizens or domiciliaries tariff on books until July 1, 1986. However, anticipated a Jou of up to 172,000 job op- ' and for American authon or domiciliaries the tariff on catalogs is currently over 31 portunities in the printing industry and a unable to locate an American publisher for percent of the transactional value, sched· total loss of as many as 367 ,000 job oppor­ their work. uled for reduction to 28.6 percent by 1987. tunities throughout our economy as a In 1982, a severe rece88ion compelled The nontariff barrien against imported result of foreign competition. In fact, U.S. Congress to further extend the clause for 4 books and other printed material are just printing companies would have to rely pri­ more yean, until 1986. The Manufacturing as significant. Canadian postage rates are marily upon time-sensitive printed material Clause won overwhelming support in both higher for imported publications than for for most ·of their work. All other printed the House, 339 yeas to 47 nays, and the Canadian manufactured publications. Addi· material, including books, catalogs, directo­ Senate, 84 yeas to 9 nays. The 1981 Depart­ tionally, Canada severely restrains Canadl· ries, commercial printing, business forms ment of Labor study clearly suggested that an advertising in imported publications. and periodicals, would be highly vulnerable an extension of the clause would help expe­ to low-wage foreign competition. In addi­ dite recovery from the wont economic The United States cannot afford to grant tion, U.S. printing would not experience an slump in the post-Depression period. For unilateral trade concessions when ltl offsetting increase in printing orden from this reason, Congress provided an exten­ unfair foreign competiton continue tO re­ foreign clients. The loues from foreign sion to avoid permanent damage to the U.S. strict the import of U.S. goods. The Manu­ competition would fall especially hard on printing industry from the severe recession facturing Clause of the Copyright Act ls the small businesses comprising the back­ conditions. part of this country's existing law. It ls not bone of U.S. printing. Now the need to continue the Manufac­ a new trade protection. Rather, it ls a Printing directly employs 1.2 million turing Clause is greater than ever. One sound policy which has helped build a vi­ worken. Many of these worken are un­ after another, important U.S. industries are brant, productive printing industry, able to skilled or semiskilled. In fact. a Book Man· falling victim to unfair foreign trade bar­ employ over a million men and women. ufacturen Institute study has found that 60 rien. Businesses are shutting their doon, And at a time when the ovenalued dollar percent of printing industry worken fall worken are losing their jobs, and commu­ and unfair foreign trade practices threaten into these two categories. In just the last nities are suffering throughout the country. all American manufacturing lndustrlee and few yean, we have seen millions of un­ Just as Congress has declared for the past jobs, this legislation glvee U.S. printing the skilled and semiskilled job opportunities 94 yean, we cannot allow this to happen to ability to maintain ltl po1ltlon in our econ· lost to unfair forelng competiton. Clearly, our printing industry. That ls why the Man· omy. the economy cannot absorb additional hun­ ufacturlng Clause of the Copyright Act dreds of thousands of unemployed un- must be extended before it expires next skilled and semiskilled worken. · year. . TRANSFERRING FINE COLLEC· Mr. Speaker, the Manufacturing Clause Let us not forget, Mr. Speaker, that if TION FROM U.S. MAGISTRATE has a long and successful history. It has CongreH permits the Manufacturing TO THE CLERK OF COURTS been quite effective in its goal: building a Clause to expire, we wlll undermine efforts strong industry and creating job opportuni· to develop an overall trade policy based ties for American worken in every region upon falrne11. The elimination of the HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS of our country. clause would be a unilateral trade conces· or PDKSYLVABIA At each critical point in the history of sion which would undermine U.S. efforts to IN THE HOUSE 01' REPRESENTATIVES the Manufacturing Clause, proponents obtain comprehen1ive, multilateral trade argued that specific economic conditions agreements. Even if every forelrn nation Wectnescta11. November 6, 1985 presented a serious danger to the U.S. fully opened lta marketl to U.S. printin1 Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I in­ printing industry. The initiation and two productl, American printin1 would 1tlll not troduced H.R. 3682, a measure to provide subsequent extensions of the clause relied penetrate foreirn marketa 1ince the preaent for the payment to the clerk of the court of upon extenuating economic circumstances hlrh wage differential doe1 not allow 1uc­ ftnee or penalties Imposed by a U.S. magis­ affecting U.S. printing. In 1891, 1976, and ce11ful U.S. entry. For thi1 reuon, reel· trate. 1982, Congress held that the printing indus· procity in the trade of printed material• i1 try needed relief from threatening econom­ not poaible. I would like to insert into the RECORD a ic conditions which would otherwise cause Even thourh all 1lrnatorlea to the Flor· letter to the Speaker of the House from permanent damage to the industry. ence Agreement are forbidden from plaelnr Phllllp D. Brady, Acting Assistant Attorney In 1891, Congress added the Manufactur· tariff• on book• and other cultural or edu· General for the Department of Justice, ing Clause to the Copyright Act in order to cational printed productl, tariff• on cata· which thorourhly explains the need for this protect an infant industry from foreign lop and other printed material are com· legi1latlve change as well as the text of competition. The clause ensured that the monplace. For example, the European Eco­ H.R. 3882. United States developed its own healthy, nomic Community tariff on catalop cur· I urge all memben to cosponaor and sup­ mode~ printing industry. rently 1tand1 at 8.8 percent. In addltlon, port this uncontrovenlal and extremely From 1909 to 1952, Congress periodically many foreirn nation• have aet up a laby· neceaary measure. modified the clause to reduce any interna­ rinth of nontariff barrien which further The letter and H.R. 3682 follows: tional conftict resulting from the provision. reatrict importa. Nontarlff barrlen include: November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30939 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, the Department would have to hire new more convenient for the defendant, more ef­ Washington, DC, July 18, 1985. personnel and create records for anywhere ficient for the Government, and likely to The SPEAKER, from 100,000 to 200,000 new cases a year. result in a higher rate of collection. H.R. House of Representatives, The duplication of records alone would Rep. No. 906, 98th Cong., 2d Sess. 8 <1984>, Washington, DC. result in a serious waste of taxpayers' citing appendix to prepared statement of DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Enclosed for your con­ money at a time when Congress and the Ad­ Judge Gerald Bard TJoflat. sideration and appropriate reference is a ministration are making an effort to reduce Nonetheless, the Department and the Ad­ legislative proposal to amend section 3565 of spending because of the budget deficit. Fi­ ministrative Office of the United States title 18 of the United States Code to provide nally, the clerks of court can rely upon their Courts have not been able to reach an for the payment to the clerk of the courts existing procedures and expertise in carry­ agreement, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. of fines or penalties imposed by a United ing out a function they have carried out for I 3565<2>, to maintain responsibility for States magistrate. Because of the nature of years in the past to assure receipt of pay­ fine receipt in magistrates' courts. Under cases tried by United States magistrates, ment and the proper recording of transac­ the present statute, the Department of Jus­ this proposal would provide for more effec­ tions. tice would be constrained to receive pay­ tive and efficient procedures to assure the It should be pointed out that the transfer ment of fines and penalties in these cases payment of fines and penalties imposed by of responsibility to the Department for the despite the difficulties cited above and the magistrates than currently provided for in receipt of fine payments occurred simulta­ potential crises that may arise. The en­ the law. neously with the creation of mandatory as­ closed legislative proposal would solve these Procedures for the payment of fines were sessments in all cases to provide funds for problems without creating any new uncer­ significantly changed by passage of the the Crime Victims Fund. tainties. Criminal Fine Enforcement Act of 1984, There appears to be little reason for the The Office of Management and Budget Pub. L. No. 98-596. Prior to passage of that Department to process fines for magistrate has advised this Department that there is statute, fines were paid to the clerk of the cases even if the additional staffing were to no objection to the subrilission of this pro­ court, who forwarded the payment to the come from a transfer of positions from the posal from the standpoint of the Adminis­ United States Treasury. The Act provided, courts. Unlike district court cases, magis­ tration's program. in 18 U.S.C. §3565, for the payment of trate cases are not evenly distributed among Sincerely, any amount due as a fine or penalty to the districts in a manner that is proportional to PHILLIP D. BRADY, Attorney General, except to the extent that the population of the districts or to local Acting Assistant Atto"'eJI General. the Attorney General and the Director of United States Attorney staffing. Most dis­ Enclosure. the Administrative Office of the United tricts have relatively low magistrate court H.R. 3682 States Courts jointly provided by regulation caseloads; hence it would not be cost-effec­ that fines and penalties for "specified cate­ tive to transfer court personnel, who must Be it enacted by the Senate and H01Ule of gories of offenses" be paid to the clerk of handle a variety of court functions anyway, Representatives of the United States of the court. This provision applies with re­ to the United States Attorneys' offices in America in Congress assembled, That sub­ spect to offenses committed after December these districts solely for the purpose of section <2> of section 3565 of title 18 of 31, 1984, according to section 10 of the Act. processing fines imposed by magistrates. the United States Code is amended by- Offenses committed prior to that date are Nor would it be cost-effective to send United adding the following as the first sen­ subject to the procedure that existed prior States. Attorney personnel to the outlying tence thereof: "The defendant shall pay to to the enactment of the Criminal Fine En­ courts in these districts on a case-by-case the clerk of the court any amount due as a forcement Act. basis to receive payment of fines and penal­ fine or penalty as a result of a sentence im­ The proposed legislation is needed be­ ties. On the other hand, some districts, most posed by a United States magistrate."; and cause it is simply not cost-effective to the with small United States Attorneys' offices, inserting the word "other" before the Government to have the United States At­ have very large magistrate court caseloads word "specified". torneys receive payment of fines and penal­ due to the presence of a military base or ties imposed by magistrates. The key to suc­ federal park land. While it might be possible cessful collection in petty offense cases is in those situations to transfer a fixed A TRIBUTE TO MRS. POLLY immediate, in-court payment. However, the number of court personnel to the Depart­ VAUGHAN AND MRS. BEBE United States Attorneys' offices have no ment for this purpose, it would be disruptive BURKE physical presence, at least on a regular to the courts and to the system of process­ basis, in most magistrates' courts, and di­ ing fines that has long been in place and HON. WIWAM M. THOMAS recting a representative of the United would not result in increased overall effi­ States Attorney to the courts to receive pay­ ciency in the processing of fine payments. OF CALIFORBIA ment would in most instances not be cost-ef­ Further, it makes sense to utilize the same IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fective, given the relatively small amounts fine payment system for all magistrate Wednesday, Novem'ber 6, 1985 of the fines or penalties involved. In fact, in court cases. In short, the processing of fine a majority of cases the United States Attor­ payments by United States Attorney per­ Mr. THOMAS of Califomia. Mr. Speaker, ney's office is not located in the same city or sonnel is in neither instance more efficient I would like to take a few moments of your town as the magistrate's court. On the other than fine processing by court personnel. In time to bring to your attention the endeav­ hand, without legislation providing for re­ most situations it is dramatically less effi­ ors of two very special women from my dis­ ceipt of payment of fines and penalties in cient. trict, Mrs. Polly Vaughan and Mn. Bebe magistrate cases by the clerk of the court, Assigning responsibility to the clerk of the the only options remaining would be for the court for the receipt of payment of fines Burke. magistrate to direct convicted defendants to and penalties imposed as a result of sentenc­ Polly and Bebe have shown unselfish the nearest United States Attorney's office ing by the United States magistrates is not dedication to improving the community of for payment of a fine or penalty or the use contrary to the concepts prompting the con­ which they are a most vital part. Through of a mail-in system of payment. Not only gressional amendment of 18 U.S.C. 13565 in their personal devotion to teenagen of Ba­ would these procedures create unnecessary the Criminal Fine Enforcement Act of 1984. kersfield, Polly and Bebe are providing a inconvenience for the defendant, but it is This section provides in subsection <2> for long-term solution to a problem that is highly likely that many fines would go payment to the clerk of the court of fines facing many of our young people through­ unpaid. We firmly believe that without a and penalties for "specified categories of of­ mechanism for in-court payment of fines fenses," as jointly provided by regulation by out the country. and penalties in petty offense cases, costly the Attorney General and the Director of Seven years ago, Polly and Bebe began collection efforts for relatively small fines the Administrative Office of the United their campaign to help combat teenage would too often become the only recourse. States Courts. As noted in the House report drug abuse. Their program, teen involve­ The clerks of court are best suited to per­ which accompanied the bill enacted: ment, now reaches hundreds of high school form the ministerial function of receiving There may be circumstances in which it and junior high school students, educating payment of fines and penalties due as a would be better for the fine to be paid to them about the dangers of drug abuse. result of a sentence imposed by a United court clerks. For example, the fine may be Their program is unique in that it trains States magistrate. Regardless of whether imposed by a United States Magistrate for a high school students to be positive role the Department of Justice or the clerks of traffic offense on a Federal reservation, and court receive payment of fines, the services the only officials present are the court per­ models for younger students. Their efforts of clerks of court are necessary in magis­ sonnel and the ticketing officer, who is from began at West High School in Bakersfield trate cases for the maintenance of case an agency outside of the Justice Depart­ where they trained students to give a series records and related functions. Conversely, ment. Payment of the fine on the spot is of presentations to a nearby junior high

I 30940 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 school They worked with teachers and stu­ frey L. Haugen, Michael G. Sims, Harold L. SOUTHWESTERN BELL'S dents of West High School to get the pro­ Hansen, Thurman P. Keener, Jr., James H. OPERATION IDENT-A-KID gram to the successful level it has now Frizzell, David L. Anderson, Patrick J. achieved. deKramer, Matthew R. Baran, Hery Y. S. Before Polly and Bebe began this train­ Sur, Max D. Nason, William A. Satterfield, HON. ALAN WHEAT ing, many hours were spent talking with John P. Brighenti, David E. Foecking, OF MISSOURI school officials from not only Kern High David C. Stephens, Julian R. Bley, Sr., IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES School District but also San Diego and David Gardella, Joseph L. Konrad, Jr., Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Anaheim to find out what programs were John L. Carlson, James E. Frazier, Jr., available to their students. Due to the un­ Milton A. Densford, Michael W. Thorne, Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, one of the availability of school funds, fundraising Joseph Somma, Patricia Beran, David A. most disturbing trends in crime statistics in was a big part of their job. Their efforts DeWire, Richard H. Bowers, Barbara A. recent years is the increase in child abduc­ reached out to the State mental health pro­ tion crimes. The rise in this hideous crime gram, the county superintendent of Booth, Michael P. Mattioda, Kevin J. Cioffi, Jeffrey A. Hardin, Kenneth E. is terribly frightening to parents living in schools, and many friends in the private major urban areas, as well as smaller sector. Teen involvement is now in full Armour, Lothar S. Cogar, and Katherine A. Hughes. towns, across our Nation. swing at five different high schools. Many Our increased awareness of the problem junior high students who were once on the Also to be honored for sacrificing their spurred a group of Southwestern Bell Tele­ receiving end of the drug-abuse presenta­ lives in the line of duty are: Perry E. tions have enlisted in the program to serve Parker, Robert F. Pleski, Barney 0. Staggs, phone employees to take action. The em­ as role models. The program has recently Charles R. Staggs, Belle C. Sullivan· Weiss, ployees developed Operation Ident-A-Kid, a been institutionalized and for the first time Christopher I. Watkins, Dale A. Whit­ volunteer program started in 1984 to fin­ will run without the direct hand of Polly marsh, Melvin S. Rosewag, Jr., John E. gerprint and photograph children in west­ and Bebe. Lindquist, Sr., Earl L. Hilliard, James E. ern Missouri, particularly in Kansas City. Polly and Bebe have proven that through Bennett, William R. Smart, Jr., Ronald G. The program has been a tremendous suc­ hard work and dedication an individual Mullins, James Jimenez, Keith A. Norman, cess, helping to make thousands of parents can make a difference. If other schools Raymond E. Eichert, Harold Watkins, feel more secure about their children's throughout the country followed the exam­ James M. Murry, George Kuharsky, Dennis safety. ples set by their program, teen involvement, C. Martin, Robert C. Ayers, Percy R. John· Under the guidance of the company's perhaps the problem of drug abuse among son, Ralph E. Hager, Jr., Colin P. Boast, community relations teams, Southwestern teenagers could be greatly reduced. I feel Jose A. Silva, Robert B. Gamble, Elmer Ho­ Bell Telephone employees volunteer their these women deserve the highest praise milius, Roger F. Sullivan, Anthony Shands, time on weekends to help fingerprint and from this body. Walter J. Bawroski, Sr., Henry W. Rayner, photograph children at shopping centers Jr., James A. Kimbel, Michael E. Ard, Wil­ and malls. Each parent that participates in TRIBUTE TO THE FALLEN liam G. Countiss, Philip Kenneally, Mitchel the program receives an identification card FIREFIGHTERS OF 1984 E. Spoth, Ricky S. Pearce, David A. Ball, that includes a child's age, weight, birth· Russell C. Dellinger, Sr., James A. Flana­ marks, scars and fingerprints as well as a HON. WIWAM F. GOODLING gan, Epifanio J. Gonzalez, James C. Simp­ current photograph. In 1984, 2,700 children in the Kansas City metropolitan area and OF PENNSYLVANIA son, Phillip C. D' Adamo, Robert M. Reyes, other towns in western Missouri were fin· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Richard M. Barron, Benjamin Pinel, Rus­ sell H. Dixon, Jack L. Pratt, Sr., John D. gerprinted. The program is growing and Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Evans, Anthony J. Lundy, Sr., John T. Wil­ more than 18,000 children have participat­ Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, on Octo­ liams, Roger G. Tharp, David t~. Murry, ed in the program so far this year. ber 4, 1981, the people of the United States Charles J. Elder, and James J. Lausch. The program does more than simply fin­ dedicated a monument at the National It is proper and a privilege for me to gerprint and photograph children. At each Emergency Training Center in Emmits­ bring the names of everyday patriots to location, Southwestern Bell Telephone em­ burg, MD, known as the National Fallen your attention and the attention of the ployees distribute information on keeping Firefighters Memorial. This monument Nation as a permanent record of their hon· children safe at home and outside the pays tribute to America's firefighters-pa­ orable and selfless deeds. home. The parents also receive illustrated triotic Americans who have given their Also, I think it appropriate here to re· pamphlets that explain to children how to lives to defend their communities against use emergency telephone numbers. Local fire and other disasters. member the Fireman's Prayer, which ls as follows: law enforcement officials have augmented On Sunday, October 13, 1985, the fourth Southwestern Bell's efforts by going to the annual Fallen Firefighters Memorial serv­ When I am called to duty, God Wherever flames may rage, shopping malls with the company's employ­ ice was held at the monument site, honor­ ees and answering questions from parents ing those who gave their lives in an effort Give me strength to save some life to save others during 1984. Whatever be its age. and children on protective measures. As a final tribute to those firefighters Help me embrace a little child Mr. Speaker, Southwestern Bell Tele­ who died last year, and to their families, I Before it is too late phone traditionally has been, and remains, would like to list their names as follows: Or save an older person from a company with a genuine concern for the Thomas Baron, Mary R. Matthews, Leon­ The horror of that fate. communities it serves. With the growing ard S. Guerrera, Thomas K. Hollingsworth, Enable me to be alert to the weakest shout number of crimes against children, Oper­ Robert G. Chilcote II, Calvin C. Garrett, And quickly and efficiently to put the fire ation Ident-A-Kid is one way the company Anthony L. Confonte, Willis D. Fry, Earl out. demonstrates its caring attitude. I want to W. Walker, James J. Carbin, Jr., Edwin G. I want to fill my calling and join with the many parents who have par­ Murphy, Francis E. Burns, John W. Ho­ To give the best in me. ticipated ln the program to express my To guard my every neighbor and facker, Alexander K. Polakovich, Elwin I. Protect his property. gratitude to Southwestern Bell and its al· King, Max L. Daniel, Frank J. Nerney, trulstic employees who participated in this James B. Daniels, Jimmy R. Kennedy, Mi­ And if according to my fate program. chael T. McCarthy, Edgar 0. Hardin, Larry I am to lose my life Please bless with your protecting hand D. Stephens, Thomas C. Ross, James W. My family and my wife. Pressnall, John W. Walsh, John C. Huss, Paul J. Dagenbach, Marvin B. Ridgway, Harry M. Korwatch, Gerard DeJohn, Jef- November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30941 A UNIQUE NOBEL LAUREATE the quality that the Nobel Prizes are de­ over the last four decades in order to ad­ signed to recognize. dress the next four decades. HON. DON FUQUA Dr. Karle and Dr. Hauptman are fine ex­ We know with certainty that science and OF FLORIDA amples of this. technology play a central role in our na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES What is particularly important for us to tional life. We also know that this role will elicit from this is the understanding that continue to grow. In addition, with the Wednesday, November 6, 1985 we not only get what we pay for but that huge Federal budget deficits, we must take Mr. FUQUA. Mr. Speaker, I want to offer we have considerable influence over the a careful look at how all our budget cate­ my congratulations to Dr. Jerome Karle of quality and quantay in a long-term scenar­ gories are serving the Nation's needs, in­ the Naval Research Laboratory [NRLJ here io for science within a given sector. Al­ cluding the significant expenditures devot­ in Washington, DC, on being one of the though we cannot necessarily target Nobel ed to scientific and engineering research. two recipients to share this year's Nobel Prizes, we can safeguard continued good We must question whether or not the Prize in Chemistry. science with stable funding coupled with mechanisms and funding levels which have The Nobel award has not only bestowed high quality review processes. gradually evolved constitute the optimum honor on him, and on Dr. Herbert Haupt­ We must learn to be perceptive of how approach to our Government investment in man with whom he shared the award, for we make things happen in science instead science and engineering. pioneering research on molecular structure of how they just happen to work out. This Of our science policy study in general, I but has also brought acknowledgment and is particularly significant as it relates to would say that in our search and scrutiny honor once again to American science. the environment in which creativity and in­ of America's science policy, the task force I would like to point out that in Dr. novation tend to flurish. of science committee members conducting Karie's case the circumstance is somewhat Dr. Nichols pointed out that the Mans­ the study must be ever mindful of the im­ unique. Jerome Karle has spent almost his field amendment to the Defense Depart­ pulse to recommend change just for the entire career in Government service and ment's funding in 1969 said, "* • • in sake of change. Our Science Establishment primarily in the Military Research Estab­ effect, that DOD could not support re­ is a national treasure and the envy of most lishment. Close examination of the statis­ search unless it related directly to its mis­ of the world. Jerome Karle and Herbert tics tells us that this is a rather rare situa­ sion." This imposed a considerable change Hauptman are evidence of that. Our intent tion for Nobel recognition. In the period in the existing research environment. In is not to tamper with or change those 1901-84, Nobel awards to Americans in the discussing the effect of this change, David things that work well. We do want to un­ fields of physics, chemistry, and medicine Packard, chairman of the board of Hewlett­ derstand and improve what is not function­ numbered a total of 132. Of that total, 41/2 Packard Co., described in our recent hear­ ing to our optimum advantage. percent or six awards, went to scientists ings that: Our task is both exciting and formidable. from the Government sector. All six of The idea of independent research and de­ I know that my colleagues in the Congress those Government winners were in the field velopment CIRDl for defense programs was share our concern about the continued of biomedical research. Dr. Karle has based on an understanding of the impor­ health and growth of our Nation's science. become the first American scientist with a tance of giving scientists and engineers some time free from their assigned work to I hope that the study's final report, which continuous career in the Military Research will be completed in October of 1986, will Establishment to become a Nobel laureate. explore their own innovative ideas. This program was effectively destroyed by the provide us with information and insights I think it is important to note that it can be Mansfield Amendment in 1970 when the that will be useful for the Congress, the ex­ done. Congress required IRD to be limited to ideas ecutive branch, and the entire scientific I would hasten to add also that Dr. related to military work. This required that community as all of us work to maintain a Hauptman spent 30 years in Government the justification for IRD be documented to sound science structure in the nation for service, 23 of those at NRL where he and demonstrate that the independent work had the decades to come. Dr. Karle collaborated. He is presently a a military potential. professor at Buffalo University and vice We have heard numerous indications president and director of research at the throughout the gamut of our science policy RETIREMENT INCOME Medical Foundation of Buffalo Research hearings that the Mansfield requirement, SECURITY ACT OF 1985 Laboratory. although somewhat softened by subsequent While we are elated for both of these dis­ wording giving the Secretary of Defense tinguished scientists, we in the public discretion over research decisions, still has HON. ALFRED A. (AL) policy arena should also be reflective of an influence on the scope and direction of McCANDLESS why this Government figure is so low, espe­ basic research in the military research en­ OF CALIFORNIA cially by comparison with the academic vironment. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sector, and why the Government/military The Science Committee has undertaken number has been essentially nonexistent its science policy study with just such Wednesday, November 6, 1985 until a few weeks ago. issues in mind. We hope to identify both Mr. McCANDLESS. Mr. Speaker, Mem­ Recent hearings that the Science and the strengths and weaknesses in America's bers of Congress have become increasingly Technology Committee has held, as part of current science-producing network. concerned about the lack of an articulated our 2-year science policy study, can per­ Forty years ago Vannevar Bush, Director national retirement policy. This concern is haps shed some light on this. The current of Franklin Roosevelt's war-time Office of growing as more emphasis is placed on def­ hearings have focused on science in the Scientific Research and Development con­ icit reduction. Good tax policy is not neces­ mission agencies and federal laboratories. ducted a comprehensive examination of the sarily good retirement income policy. We Two witnesses in particular who testified at role of science in America as highly indus­ must reevaluate where we are and where the 6 days of hearings offered thoughtful trial nation. Bush's report, entitled "Sci­ we are going in terms of our ultimate observations for this subject. ence: The Endless Frontier," was the basis goal-a good retirement income for all Dr. Rodney Nichols of the Rockefeller for a redirection of America's thinking re­ Americans to live in dignity and economic University pointed out that between 1901- garding the Government's role in relation security. 82 in a toal of 126 American awards in to science. The Bush report has since that Because of my deep interest in this sub­ physics, chemistry, and medicine: time served as the basic rational for the ject and my belief that this country must A total of 14 Nobel Prizes, or about 11 per­ Government's funding of a diverse and fas hi on a sound retirement policy, I am co­ cent. went to industrial and governmental evergrowing research effort. sponsoring the Retirement Income Policy scientists. That is roughly proportional to We at the Science Committee are opti­ Act of 1985. We have a policy of sorts now, the total funding, over this history, for basic research in those sectors. This suggests that mistic that our study will lead us to new in­ but its one that simply evolved over the where serious basic research persists over sights and understandings about our sci­ years. This patchwork approach came long periods in industrial and governmental ence needs as a nation. In this process, we about in recent years as a result of tax leg­ units, it can produce world-class science of will be taking into account the changes islation with little coordinated attempt to 30942 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 take into consideration the effects on re­ LABOR MAN OF THE YEAR OPPOSED TO EXTENDING tirement income. NATIONAL DEBT LIMIT New policy should be set, not by taking HON. BOB EDGAR narrow, shortsighted approaches to retire­ HON. MICHAEL L (MIKE) STRANG ment issues, but by fully recognizing the OF PENNSYLVANIA impact that retirement decisions have on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF COLORADO the economy as a whole and the implica­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions that today's retirement decisions will Wednesday, November 6, 1985 have for the decades ahead. Retirement Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to honor John J. Convery who on Friday Mr. STRANG. Mr. Speaker, on Friday policies should not create financial burdens night will be honored by the Delaware November 1, 1985, I rose in opposition to which will become unacceptable and un­ County AFL-CIO as Labor Man of the H.R. 3669, the 5-day extension of our debt supportable by future workers, but instead Year. John hails from Holmes, PA, in the limit. My reasoning was simple. This bill should encourage savings, investment and heart of my congressional district and has increased our national debt by $17 billion­ productivity in a fiscally sound manner. lived in Delaware County for 56 years. plain and simple-and nothing was offered The Education and Labor Committee and Both as a member of Plumber Local No. with it that addressed the core issue: the its Subcommittee on Labor-Management, 690 and in the community at large, John's Federal deficit. on which I serve, completed hearings earli­ involvement is considerable and impressive. By accepting this bill, we sang the same er this year focusing on what business, or­ Among his many activities, he is the past song we've been singing for years-the ganized labor and pension groups think chairman of the Delaware County Building same old sad song: "Hey buddy, can you should be included in a national retirement Trades Council, past member of the South· spare a dime?" But it's not a dime it's $17 income policy. Meetings were held with east Pennsylvania Plumbing Inspector's billion-and who's paying? The American similar groups in creating the Retirement Association, and past plumbing inspector public, through debt service that takes 15 Income Policy Act of 1985. of the Township of Ridley where he lived cents out of every revenue dollar, around This legislation provides a framework to for 31 years. His dedication of community $145 billion this year alone-the American discuss future objectives. A sound retire­ service continues through his long-time in­ taxpayer is for king over these hard-eamed ment plan rests upon Social Security, an volvement with the American Legion, the dollars at the behest of a panhandling Con­ employer-sponsored plan and personal sav­ Our Lady of Fatima Catholic Church, and gress. ings-the so-called three-legged stool. This other civic activities. These are funds which could be used for bill recognizes the importance of such an Mr. Speaker, I think that it is clear both many important programs, including those approach and encourages the growth of the to you and my colleagues in the House of for the elderly. Essentially, this bill by in· current voluntary system of employer­ Representatives that John J. Convery creasing the national debt, without, at the stands out as a community leader and is sponsored retirement plans. It increases the same time, coming to grips with the deficit truly deserving to be named the Delaware issue, robs the taxpayer-especially those number of people covered under private County AFL-CIO's Labor Man of the Year. who can least afford it-our seniors on pension plans and opens the door to ad­ fixed incomes. dress portability. When the baby-boom gen­ There is no more pernicious threat to our eration begins to retire shortly after the REGARDING THE UKRAINIAN elderly than the continuation of business start of the next century, retirement SEAMAN MIROSLAV MEDBID as usual on the floor of this House. By income sources, especially Social Security, dodging Gramm-Rudman-Hollings-Mack will be strained to the breaking point. We HON. WIWAM 0. LIPINSKI and its deficit-reduction opportunities, once must take steps to provide incentives for again we sent this message to those whom increased retirement savings. This legisla­ OF ILLINOIS we serve. The particular refrain to the sad tion further begins the discussion of ways IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES song we persist in singing is like a back· for all businesses, including smaller compa­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 ground dirge: ''Tax and spend, tax and nies, to have private pension plans. spend." By passing this bill, we highlight Recently legislated changes in tax policy Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the Statue another line: ''Tax, spend and borrow: tax, relating to pension plans have not only of Liberty's head must be bowed and she spend and borrow." caused confusion, but have not increased must be crying today because of the situa­ I for one, chose not to join the chorus. tax revenue significantly; for example, re­ tion involving the Ukrainian seaman, Mlr­ ductions in dollar contributions and bene­ oslav Medbid, who twice awam to freedom fits in the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsi­ in this land of liberty but unfortunately POSTHUMOUS CITIZENSHIP FOR through our mlaunderstandlng, ignorance, RUDOLPH SALLI bility Act of 1982. On the other hand, ex­ or stupidity still flndt1 hlmaelf in the pawa pansion of IRA's in the Economic Recovery of the Ru11lan bear. Thia 1eem1 to me to be Act of 1981 have added to revenue losses. a clear-cut case of ua, that's the United HON. NORMAND. SHUMWAY These examples indicate the need to step States, not wanting to rock the boat with OF CALIFORNIA back and form a policy. the Soviets 80 close to the summit. For a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It is time for Congress to adopt a com­ nation founded on the rlrhta and the free. prehensive and consistent national retire­ doms of the individual, and a nation that Wednesday, November 6, 1985 ment income policy. There appears to be a has served for over 200 yean u a sate Mr. SHUMWAY. Mr. Speaker, today I am national consensus for programs that. pro­ harbor for individual• fleeinr all typea of Introducing a blll which would confer U.S. vide economic security and protection oppre11ion, I find thi1 appallln1. We muat cltl1en1hip posthumously on Mr. Rudolph against economic risks. There ls also a na­ atop thi1 1hip from leavinr American Salll, a native of Finland who served the tional consensus for tax incentives to en­ waters until thi1 1ituation 11 cleared up, 80 United States courageously and selfte11ly courage employer provision of the pro­ that the Statue of Liberty can once apln durlnr World War II. In the employ of the grams and individual savings. The chal· hold her head hlrh and 1top crylnr. If thl1 Office of Strategic Services COSS], Mr. Salli lenge is to clearly articulate how various Nation ever losea 1lrht of the rlrhts and worked in Scandanavia on behalf of the programs fit into the economic security freedom• of an lndlvldual, and tum1 its United States throurhout the war and for a system. The challenge ls ours. The Retire­ back on a liberty aeeklnr penon becauae of 1hort time afterward. In 1946, however, Mr. ment Income Security Act of 1985 can pro­ political con1lderation1, we lose the rlrht to Salll and aeveral others were convicted in vide the vital first step. think of ourselves u the land of liberty Finland for espionage se"ice in behalf of a and the fortresa of freedom that we per­ foreign power. During the Finniah court ceive ourselves to be. Stop the 1hip before proceedinp, that foreign power was ldenti· our 1hame becomes indelible. fled u the United States of America. November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30943 Rudolph Salli served his term and, upon TRUCK AND BUS SAFETY WEEK image of the industry and the industry's his release, began to seek to immigrate to profitability. the United States. In 1957, the Governor of HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON As part of the Surface Transportation California expunged Mr. Salli's criminal Assistance Act of 1982 Congress gave the record in order to allow him to immigrate OF CALIFORNIA Department of Transportation a new tool legally to America. Tragically, while await­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to increase compliance with Federal motor ing his quota number for immigration to be Wednesday, November 6, 1985 carriers laws-the Motor Carrier Safety As­ called. Rudolph Salli died in Finland, never sistance Program. In addition, through the Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I am Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984 we gave having obtain the American citizenship pleased to propose legislation today to des­ that he longed for and that he earned the Department new civil penalties to ignate January 26 through February 1 as enable the Department to better enforce through devoted wartime service. "Truck and Bus Safety Week." I urge all Federal commercial vehicle regulations. Therefore, I am offering legislation to my colleagues to join with me in sponsor­ Through these programs the States and the bestow that citizenship posthumously, in ing this legislation. Federal Government are making great recognition of the sacrifices that Rudolph It is time for the House of Representa­ strides to ensure vehicles and drivers oper­ Salli made on behalf of the United States, tives to recognize the ongoing efforts by ating on our Nation's highways are safe. sacrifices that were not rewarded during Federal, State and local officials, and by But no one can take a rest from working to his lifetime. I believe we owe him this debt the industry itself, to improve the safety improve the safety of our Nation's trucks and honor as an individual who did not record of trucks and buses. Further, desig­ and buses. Ultimately the most important live to become a citizen of the nation to nation of "Truck and Bus Safety Week" means of improving safety is action by the which he contributed so much. will serve to focus the efforts of the private industry itself. and public sectors on the issue of safety. I understand that a number of events have SECURITY FOR SOCIAL already been scheduled during the month TRUCK AND BUS SAFETY SECURITY of January, including: a symposium on in­ creasing the effectiveness of State commer­ cial motor vehicle driver licensing, jointly HON. BUD SHUSTER HON. HAL DAUB sponsored by the American Association of OF PENNSYLVANIA OF NEBRASKA Motor Vehicle Administrators and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Highway Users Federation; selection of the Driver of the Year by the American Truck­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Wednesday, November 6, 1985 ing Association; truck safety seminars and Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. DAUB. Mr. Speaker, yesterday a technical workshops on vehicle configura­ pleased to join Mr. ANDERSON in sponsor­ Social Security recipient's daughter called tion and human factors sponsored by the ing legislation to designate January 26 my district office to inquire about the Transportation Research Board; and the through February 1 as ''Truck and Bus status of her father's current and future first working session of the Commercial Safety Week." As cochainnan of the truck benefit payments. She said her father was Motor Vehicle Safety Regulatory Review caucus I urge all my colleagues in that far too nervous about the current Social Panel which was established by the House caucus to join in cosponsoring this legisla­ Security situation to inquire for himself. It in the Motor Carrier Act of 1984. tion. January is a particularly good month to Trucks transport almost everything we is a travesty that Members on the other designate such a week because special care consume at some point in the link between side of the aisle overwhelmingly voted last is necessary to operate safely on roads cov­ manufacturing and consumption. Our Na­ Friday to go home and leave Social Securi­ ered with snow and ice during fewer hours tion's truck fleet is composed of nearly 5 ty recipients wondering if they can buy of daylight. Moreover, this special week in million trucks which travel over 138 billion their groceries. January will help establish an increased miles each year, bringing raw materials, Mr. Speaker, with the leadership of the safety consciousness for the entire year. finished goods, food, and other products to gentleman from Texas [Mr. ARCHER], I am Transportation systems bind our Nation market. Trucking employs more than 7.4 introducing legislation to ensure that together. Safe and efficient highway trans­ million Americans and accounts for reve­ Social Security cannot be used as a politi­ portation systems are e11ential for inter­ nue in excess of $200 billion each year. cal football ever again. R.R. 3688 assures state commerce. So many of the goods we The bus industry ls similarly important that the Social Security Trust Funds are re­ depend on every day are delivered by high­ to the economic and social fabric of Amer­ imbursed for any interest lost as a result of way transportation that it ls difficult to ica. Nearly 50,000 people are employed by actions taken by the Treasury Department conceive of life without safe highway trans­ the bus industry. Bus service ls provided to to pay monthly benefits in the face of the portation systems. Bus transportation over 10,000 cities and communities-many statutory debt ceiling crisis. serves some communities that are not of which are served by no form of public Additionally, R.R. 3688 prevents the man­ served by any other form of public trans­ transportation. aging trustee of the Social Security Trust portation. Moreover, the truck and bus in­ Truck and bus wety is important to ev­ Fund from disinvesting Social Security dustries are major employen of individuals eryone in our country. Consumen benefit Trust Funds in the future. Thus, Congress in virtually every city acro11 our Nation. because of the smooth and uninterrupted will be forced to act on the debt limit in a The truck and bus Industries are al10 nota· service poulble only when safe vehicles timely fashion so that Social Security bene­ ble because of the dlvenlty of the entitles and driven are present on our highways. fits will be paid as prescribed by law. that function together to provide these vital Buslne11 benefits because we vehicles en­ hance the industry's image and industry I urge support of this legislation to make transportation services. Operatlnr entitles range from giant, divenlfted corporations profttablllty. And everyone benefits from sure that Social Security Trust Funds lose to so-called mom and pop bu1lnesse1 where the reduced number of accidents, injuries, nothing, not 1 cent, because of actions the operator ls the nnancler, marketer, ac­ and fatalities. taken by the Treasury over the last 2 countant, and vehicle operator and owner. Mr. Speaker, because the we mainte­ months. It will also prevent gamesmanship Truck and bus wety 11 Important to ev­ nance and operation of vehicles ii vital to at the expense of older Americans by Mem­ eryone ln the country. It l1 Important to the health and wety of motorists, pedes­ bers who voted to go home last Friday. the smooth now of lntentate commerce. It train1 and other usen of highways, roads, ls important to the safety of the motoring and streets and because great benefit will public who share the road1 with trucks and result from the focusing of public attention buses. And, It 11 important to the operaton on the problems, I firmly 1upport the desir· and ownen themselves because wety 11 nation of the final week in January as good busine11. Safe operation improves the "Truck and Bus Safety Week." 30944 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 H.R. 1616, THE LABOR-MANAGE- agers. Unprofitable operations have been tention which it did. I commend the article MENT NOTIFICATION AND turned around and thousands of jobs have to all of my colleagues. CONSULTATION ACT OF 1985 been saved when employees were given The article follows: enough time and information to develop al­ [From the Record . Oct. 14, 1985] HON. WILLIAM D. FORD ternatives to management decisions that NURSING-HOME SLEUTHS-INVESTIGATORS ARE OF MICHIGAN would have eliminated their jobs. NEEDED To WATCH OuT FoR BAD Guys IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H.R. 1616 would not alter management's ultimate right to change its operations; the Wednesday, November 6, 1985 employer would have no duty to reach For two years the Institute of Medicine Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, agreement or to meet with employees has been commissioning research papers for feel compelled to correct some of the major beyond the 90 day notice period. But the the federal government on how to improve misconceptions about H.R. 1616, the Labor­ employees would be assured of a forum for the nation's nursing homes. In the piles of Management Notification and Consultation bringing their ideas before the employer words and statistics, a conclusion jumps out: Act, which arose during a special order on for its good faith consideration. Even in Bad nursing-home operators will continue Friday, November 1. cases where no mutually acceptable alter­ to neglect patients until they become con­ H.R. 1616 is designed to address specific, vinced that government has a system in native could be found, the employees would place that will uncover neglect-and until limited objectives. By requiring employers have the dignity of a detailed explanation to provide, whenever possible, 90 days' ad­ punishments are stiff enough that no one for the elimination of their jobs and the wants to face them. vance notice of permanent mass layoffs knowledge that their proposals were taken The bad guys have to know that they'll and plant closings affecting 50 or more em­ seriously. get caught and punished severely. But in ployees, H.R. 1616 would prevent sudden In his speech to the AFL-CIO on October New Jersey and most of the nation no one is closures and cutbacks that take employees 30, Secretary of Labor Brock praised actively chasing them. by surprise, handicap the State employ­ "union-management programs that give The traditional approach to nursing-home ment services and agencies created to assist workers greater participation in the deci­ enforcement relies on inspectors, people dislocated workers, and frustrate attempts sion-making process." Obviously, no work­ trained in measuring a home against estab­ by local governments and employees to place decision is more important for em­ lished standards. There are several types of find alternatives that will save jobs. inspectors: nurses, nutritionists, sanitarians. ployees than whether or not their jobs will They're visitors with checklists. They usual­ After 11 years of House and Senate hear­ be eliminated. H.R. 1616 would make em­ ings which have established beyond any ly can determine if a home is complying ployee involvement in such decisions a with regulations, but they don't have any reasonable doubt the benefits of advance normal part of union-management rela­ training in collecting evidence of wrongdo­ notice, the authors and cosponsors of H.R. tions. ing. They've never been instructed on how 1616 reject the notion that this issue needs Statements made during Friday's special to find or interview witnesses. more study. order on H.R. 1616 suggested that an em­ Inspectors simply don't have the tools to I refer my colleagues to the report on ployer who refused to comply with the cope with a corrupt nuring-home operator H.R. 1616 for a brief overview of the evi­ bill's minimal requirements would be sub­ who fakes records and intimidates staff and dence supporting the notice requirement, ject to criminal penalties. Nothing could be patients. but one study in particular deserves men­ New Jersey's Health Commissioner, Jr. farther from the truth. Such penalties have Richard Goldstein knows that his troops are tion. A detailed review of 10 years of plant never been part of the bill, and no amend­ closings has shown that employer compli­ not up to the task of building cases against ment to create such penalties has been of· bad homes. ance with H.R. 1616's notice requirement fered or proposed. "We are not in the testimony-taking busi­ will significantly reduce the unemployment I urge Members to read the report of the ness," Goldstein said in an inverview. "We that results from plant closures and mass Committee on Education and Labor on are in the direct-inspecting business." layoffs and will save taxpayers hundreds of H.R. 1616, House Report 99-336, and the What New Jersey and most other states millions of dollars in unemployment com­ bill itself. Mr. Speaker, I am confident my need is an effective investigating agency pensation and other costs. colleagues will agree that H.R. 1616 is a that will catch enough bad guys to scare the Yet the bill's flexible, relatively brief reasonable, well-balanced bill that will help hell out of the rest. notice period will not burden any responsi­ Referring nursing-home cases to existing to mitigate some of the serious problems prosecuting agencies doesn't work. Jack ble business. Certainly, H.R. 1616 is not in­ faced by dislocated workers and communi­ tended to, as was suggested last Friday, and Fay, New Jersey's former nursing-home om­ ties affected by mass layoffs and plant clos­ budsman, tried unsuccessfully for years to will not, prohibit or eliminate plant clos­ ings. get county prosecutors excited about ne­ ings. glect-and-abuse cases. The prosecutors were Contrary to assertions made on Friday, polite but not really interested, and Fay H.R. 1616, as reported, does not give the NURSING HOME ABUSES became convinced that they saw their duty Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION as chasing "real criminals"-murderers, any enforcement role. Nothing in the bill OF CONGRESS thieves, and the rest. would require an employer to seek permis­ The enforcement vacuum in nursing sion from the FMCS, the Secretary of homes across the country is astonishing, Labor, or any other Government agency HON. JAMES J. FLORIO particularly because it's easy to prove that a before closing a plant or laying off work­ OF NEW JERSEY bad nursing home is a bad nursing home. The practical experience of investigating ers, even if unavoidable business circum­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the two Bel Air Manor nursing homes in stances forced the employer to lay off em­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 New Jersey for The Record has given us ployees without giving the otherwise re­ some insight into what it takes to expose quired notice. Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today nursing-home wrongdoing. The consultation provisions of the bill to commend my colleague from New We're not nursing-home experts or policy are designed to assure an opportunity for Jersey, Congressman BOB TORRICELLI for planners. But as reporters who spent seven the employer and the employees, through his vigorous efforts to protect the quality months building evidence of nursing-home their union, to explore alternatives to a of life of our elderly citizens. The following neglect, we think we may have found a proposed closing or mass layoff. The spon­ article from the Record newspaper in New methodology that any state could use to sors of H.R. 1616 believe that American Jersey was prompted by Congressman TOR· clear up its nursing homes and make sure they stay cleaned up. workers deserve the right to participate in RICELLl's concern about questions rising The approach we're suggesting is similar and influence decisions that will have a tre­ from the investigation of nursing home to what the Justice Department did several mendous impact on their lives. Given an care in his Bergen County, NJ, area. years ago, when it decided to pursue mob opportunity, employees can sometimes find Without Congressman TORRICELLl's per­ figures with the strike-force concept, setting productivity improvements and cost sav­ severence and concern it is unlikely that up an agency designed to go out and find ings that elude even the best-equipped man- the issue would have received the wide at- evidence. November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30945 Each state could create a nursing-home Said one North Jersey administrator: dures for handling cover actions. I couldn't strike force, a small, mobile team that in­ "We were very worried after Bel Air. Ev­ agree more. I believe the time has come for cludes nurse-investigators. eryone thought they would be next. Every­ This investigative unit could be part of one was telling us, 'Watch out, we heard Congress, which has asked for and received any one of several existing agencies: the they are sending an undercover investigator close oversight on intelligence operations, health department, Medicaid-fraud unit, at­ to your place.' So what could we do? We just should closely examine its own procedures torney-general's staff, or ombudsman's clean up and fix up and make sure we have in this area. office. It should be headed by a lawyer with enough people working and hope for the Congress owes it to its own sense of duty, prosecutorial experience. The staff size best." to the intelligence community and to the could be modest: A minimum would be two Fear can be a healthy motivator. investigators and two nurses. James Cunningham, lobbyist for the American people to investigate its own Here's an outline of how such an agency state's private nursing homes, agrees that handling of intelligence mdtters with the could operate, a three-step process for inves­ such a plan could work. He said the good some zeal it used to investigate the intelli­ tigating nursing homes: nursing homes, which make up the vast ma­ gence community in the past. Trigger-There should be a low threshold jority in New Jersey, have nothing to fear. At this point I wish to insert in the for deciding to check out a nursing home to "We'd all like to get rid of the bad apples," RECORD, "Covert Actions in Full View," an see if it merits investigation. An initial said Cunningham. check could be triggered when a home if A few successful prosecutions could bring editorial in the Chicago Tribune, Tuesday, found to have significant deficiencies on significant change. Employees would soon November 5, 1985. annual inspection. An investigation also learn that contacting the strike force would [From the Chicago Tribune, November 5, could be triggered by serious or repeat com­ bring swift results. 1985] plaints to the health department or the in­ Such an agressive enforcement system vestigating agency. would create a new environment within a COVERT ACTIONS IN FuLL VIEW Decision-The first step should be to have state's nursing-home industry, an environ­ Apparently the United States has reached a team member, a nurse, get a job at the ment where a bad operator would find it the point when it can't run a covert CIA op­ home as an aide or orderly. That's usually hard to survive. eration against the likes of the Libyan easy, because nursing homes tend to have a One amateur nursing-home investigator leader Col. Moammar Khadafy without rapid turnover in aides and orderlies-par­ named JoAnn Wells understands the value someone running to a reporter to blow the ticularly bad nursing homes. of deterence. She's had some experience as whistle. If the nurse finds no serious, systemic a leader in a housewives' crusade that got Last weekend the Washington Post pub­ problems, the investigation ends there. If national TV exposure for a Pennsylvania lished a story about the operation, which she does find problems, the investigation nursing home on "60 Minutes.'' had been disclosed to leaders of the Senate goes to the next stage. Says Mrs. Wells: Intelligence Committee, who had some The undercover nurse isn't gathering evi­ "You wouldn't have to shut down to questions about the plan. dence. Three days' observation won't mean many, and absolutely drag these bastards, if It might have been worse, of course. The much in court. The nurse's assignment is you'll excuse my English, through the muck news might have been that the CIA wasn't simply to flash a green or red light. and the mire that they have dragged these doing anything to make trouble for Col. It won't take more than a few days for the old people, before the rest of them would Khadafy, who is one of the most dangerous nurse to know what's up: Band nursing get with the program.'' homes have bad policies and procedures pirates on the international scene. That that are easily detected from the inside. If would have been one heck of a secret. one aide routinely has to feed 15 patients, THE CONGRESS, INTELLIGENCE As it is, the episode lights up a real prob­ management has built-in neglect. AND NATIONAL SECURITY: lem with the way these matters are handled Investigate-The next step, one not cur­ TIME FOR REEXAMINATION in Washington. The procedure for planning rently used by health departments, is to and authorizing CIA covert actions repeat­ look for witnesses outside the nursing home. edly has broken down. In the most absurd As we found at the Bel Air Manors, some of HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL instance, there were open debates in Con­ the best nurses and aides get fed up and OF ILLINOIS gress about whether to authorize covert aid move on to better nursing homes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the anti-Sandinista guerrillas in Nicara­ A pervasively bad nursing home spins off gua. Pretty soon only nostalgia buffs will many potential witnesses. Investigators find Wednesday, November 6, 1985 recall the days when covert still meant them by tapping into the employee grape­ Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, we are being secret. vine. bombarded these days with news about var­ In this latest case, there cannot have been Medicaid field people can help, because ious aspects of intelligence, espionage, and any fundamental controversy over whether they get into nursing homes more frequent­ it is appropriate for the United States to do ly than any other officials, often seeing old national security. I was shocked last Sunday to discover that a supposedly what it can to help Col. Khadafy's oppo­ employees from one home show up at an­ nents. If ever covert action were Justified, it other. Good health-care workers quit bad covert operation of the Central Intelligence is Justified against Col. Khadafy. But appar­ homes and land at good ones nearby. Agency was front page news in the Wash­ ently the leaders of the Senate Intelligence If the suspected nursing home is indeed ington Post. Committee were unsure whether the plan pervasively bad, investigators should be able Without discussing the specific facts of entailed anything that could be thought to to find many witnesses with firsthand this case, I believe the time has come for violate the law against U.S. participation in knowledge who can testify about seeing sys­ assassination plots. They wrote letters temic neglect over an extended period of the Congress-here and in the other body­ to address itself to certain important ques­ asking for clarification. Already the thing time. That's the type of solid evidence that sounds less like a clandestine operation and can get licenses revoked or criminal indict­ tions involving our own participation in in­ ments. telligence operations. I have long supported more like a negotiation between lawyers As elemental as this technique is, it's not the idea that the CongreH has to be in on over a land deed. Finally, the information leaked. And the used by state health departments. Their the takeoffs as well as the landings-and "investigations" are limited to recording administration is vowing to take some kind sometimes crashes-of various intelllgence of action. what inspectors see on the days they visit. operations. We have a legitimate desire to This strike-force approach can be effec­ It ought to. Along with Congress, it ought tive, because many potention witnesses are see to it that our lntelllgence community to reconsider the procedures for handling eager to cooperate. Good health-care profes­ acts with our interests and our values in covert actions. It ought to ask whether the sionals are well-motivated people. They mind. But this desire must be measured loop of people with access to the informa­ want to see bad nursing homes cleaned up. against the possibility that too many in tion is too large. It ought to consider wheth­ But government is so inept at dealing with Congress-including staff-are learning er legislators should be holding a lively cor­ bad nursing homes that good people don't about covert operations before hand and respondence with the White House over talk. They've learned that it doesn't pay to therefore making it easier for leaks of something that is supposed to be utterly make waves. secret. If it is important for the United Shortly after The Record's series on the secret data to occur. I'm not saying that is States to be able to take secret steps to help Bel Air Manors appeared, industry sources always the case. But how many disastrous friends and hobble foes-and this newspa­ were saying that many nursing-home leaks can this Nation afford? per, along with the vast majority of Ameri­ owners were concerned that their facilities The Chicago Tribune, in an editorial, has cans, thinks that it is-let's find a way to do might be the next target of investigators. asked that Congress reconsider the proce- it without making fools of ourselves. 30946 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT I used to use an example in some of my of yours is all about. It's why the Congres­ TO THE GRACE COMMISSION mashed potato circuit days about the town sional Caucus leaders who are here today that decided that they would have better are so important. Imagine the courage of traffic safety if they raised the height of these members of Congress who would dare HON. BEAU BOULTER their traffic signs and various warning signs to associate themselves with such a clearcut OF TEXAS from five feet above the ground to seven effort to thwart the special interests. And I feet above the ground. And then, the feder­ want to thank each one of them who are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES al government stepped in and said they had here today. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 a department to come in and heip them, and In carrying on this battle, you're going to Mr. BOULTER. Mr. Speaker, on Monday, their plan was to lower the streets two feet. need the help of the largest pressure group of all, the taxpayers. And that's why the October 28, the President held a Rose Well, then these special interests became multimillion dollar, non-partisan campaign Garden ceremony to commend the efforts involved. Pretty soon the way to a prosper­ by the advertising council is so important in of the Grace caucus, the Associations ing political career was to vote for higher helping to inform and educate the taxpay­ United to Cut Federal Spending, and Citi­ appropriations and for grand new spending ers. zens Against Government Waste. schemes that appeal to this or that voting And, finally, that's why the work of the As the proud founder of the House Grace bloc. And if this pattern of putting politics trade associations and Citizens Against Gov­ caucus, I took particular pride in this over country sounds familiar, that's because ernment Waste are also vital-vital in the event, and in the words spoken to us by the it is. Historians have frequently seen in this battle against budget deficits and vital to "bread and circuses" climate the signs of the strength and resiliency of the democrat­ President. His strong support of the caucus government in decline and a nation in ic system and public confidence in our gov­ efforts to cut waste, fraud, and inefficiency decay. ernment. from our Federal Government are evident. Faith in our democratic system-and with­ So I want to congratulate you on all that His commitment to this cause is real. out that faith democracy simply can't you've done. You know, I've mentioned this I would like to share the President's work-was being undermined. As James to you before, but I can well remember a comments with my colleagues who were Madison said, "It's the gradual and silent time when waste and inefficiency were not at the White House, and have enclosed encroachments of governments, not sudden thought of as issues without any political them for insertion in the RECORD: revolutions, that prove to the threat to free­ appeal-issues that stirred little interest in dom." So it was the average citizen who har­ the media or among the seers and sayers of REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT TO THE GRACE bored enormous feelings of resentment Washington. Well, all of that is changed. COMMISSION toward goverment and an enormous sense of Government management-mismanage­ Please be seated. I'm delighted that all of frustration. They believed the only voices ment, I should say, is a hot story, and the you are here today. First, the distinguished that were heard in this city were those of Grace Commission has played a key role in leaders of the Grace Congressional the organized lobbies or special interests, bringing the change about. In fact, I want Caucus-Chairman Beau Boulter and Co­ not the taxpayers. you to know the vigor with which you've chairman Buddy Roemer and Gordon Hum­ Those of you associated with the Grace pursued this fight has inspired me on other phrey. Also, representatives from Associa­ Commission have forthrightly and without closely related matters, and once again, the tions United To Cut Federal Spending-38 apologies helped change all of this. You issue is your issue-making government re­ trade organizations led by Wayne Smith, have shown that citizens from every walk sponsive to the people. who advised the caucus. And lastly, former could come to the capitol and not only make First, I must warn the Congress that their members of the Grace Commission, and of their voices heard, but persuade and, yes, unwillingness to deal with the debt ceiling another of my favorite organizations, Citi­ push and prod government to change its and to take responsible action on the deficit zens Against Government Waste, cochaired ways. is creating a large and unnecessary problem. by Peter Grace and Jack Anderson. took a look at government, concluded that that we may have to disinvest the Social Se­ You know, Peter, every time you're here I the federal government had lost its moor­ curity Trust Fund, shortchanging that trust start thinking about how the Grace contin­ ings, came up with concrete proposals on fund of accumulated interest, all because of gent keeps growing in numbers in power and how to recover those moorings. But, as I the inexcusable dithering and delay in meet­ in influence. Believe me, nothing delights know Peter believes, the most important ing the responsibilities about raising the me more because we need a people's lobby part of the job is upon us-making sure that debt ceiling. here in Washington. the Grace Commission is not remembered as So please help us convince them-present All of you are here today because of your just another government commission, and company excepted, they're convinced-that deep concern about a problem in govern­ that its recommendations don't become just the time for political gamesmanship was ment that's easy to talk about in terms of another pile of reports gathering dust in the over long ago. saving billions of dollars a year. The war Library of Congress-in short, implementing All of us know the importance of an effec­ against waste and efficiency is worth waging as many recommendations as possible. tive resolution this year to our deficit prob­ on just these grounds alone. But I know And on this point, I have just come from a lem. And I happen to think the Gramm­ your involvement goes even beyond this. meeting with the Domestic Policy Council. I Rudman-Hollings proposal is an excellent The people who came before us in this have received a final report that shows we one. This proposal is linked closely to what nation put a heavy emphasis on what is are going forward with over 80 percent-as a you're doing, because if we can adopt the today almost a forgotten virtue. matter of fact, 83 percent of the commis­ plan, we can maintain our commitment to a I remember back in Dixon, Illinois when I sion's recommendations. Many have already strong defense while providing a framework was growing up, it was called thriftiness. been implemented, others included in the for the Grace reforms and a device for Thriftiness was a quality appreciated as a '86 budget, and a number will be proposed flushing out waste and inefficiency. Con­ kind of signal about the maturity and judg­ in the '87 budget. Even with the recommen­ gress must not fail the people on this. ment of a person or institution, an indica­ dations deferred at this time, we have every And, second, I think some of you know tion that deeper values were there. Some of intention of trying to implement as many of that we have a tax reform plan on the you in business have noticed that when a them as possible in the future. agenda this fall. It's a plan I'm certain has company gets in trouble, there are more se­ I've asked Jim Miller to have OMB contin­ the support of the American people. Right rious problems than simple inefficiency: all ue to monitor our progress and report to me now, Congress is in deliberation on this sorts of projects and activities that are periodically through the Domestic Policy matter and that deliberative process is wasteful or marginal and a neglect of those Council. something I deeply respect. I will await its products or services that made the firm suc­ I also thanked Peter Grace at the close of outcome attentively. But let it be said today, cessful in the first place. the meeting, and let me do so now again I believe that the essential items of tax Well, government is no different. And as publicly. Peter, I can think of few Ameri­ reform as I've outlined them, have the sup­ the people here know better than most, the cans who have done more to make the peo­ port of the American people. And I want federal government was headed a few years ple's voice heard in Washington. You shook action on this plan; I want action this year, ago in much the same direction. It was ne­ this city up. You put the issue of waste and and so do the people. glecting essential tasks like protecting our inefficiency front and center on the public Believe me, if necessary, I'm prepared to nation's security abroad and upholding the agenda. And I am grateful to you and so is spend a lot more time with Congress at law at home while it built gigantic bureauc­ America. Christmas this year than either of us origi­ racies to handle all sorts of problems-prob­ But now, we must work together to get nally anticipated. that we, for our part, will not rest in the about some aspects of UNESCO's pro­ [In U.S. OOl!ars] fight to have their recommenations imple­ grammes, they evidently regarded the pros­ mented. 1984 1985 pect of "going it alone" as fraught with dif­ (actual) (estimate) So again, thank all of you and God bless ficulty. While continued, separate, member­ you. ship of some UNESCO-sponsored organisa­ Assessed contribution at 4.61 percent of total tions and some UNESCO­ regular budget...... 7,945,335 7,945,335 supported organisations SUPPORT IN UNITED KINGDOM Expenditure in UK from regular programme: PARLIAMENT FOR UNESCO appeared to be practicable, there were likely Fellowships ...... 45,900 35,900 to be many problems encountered in con­ Equipment...... 61,000 127,200 MEMBERSHIP tinuing international co-operation in other Fees for Auditors ...... 201.400 201 ,400 Participation Programme ...... • 26.300 26.300 spheres. Successful replacement of some Insurance ...... 240.000 270.000 HON. JIM LEACH UNESCO programmes would, in practice, OF IOWA depend on the withdrawal of other coun­ Total ...... 574.600 660.800 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tries, and, as evidenced by all the UK or­ Balance ...... 7,370,735 7,284.535 ganisations concerned, on substantial sub­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Expenciture in United Kin2dom from extJa budg­ ventions by HM Government to facilitate al­ etary funds. eg., other lJ.N. a&efldes, funds.iii­ Mr. LEACH of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, acts ternative bilateral and multilateral co-oper­ trust and other voluntary contributions: and deliberations of like-minded govern­ ation. Fellowships ...... 1,239,300 970,300 Equipment ...... 3,420,000 ments are of an educative value to our 47. The overwhelming impression of the 1.188,300 evidence submitted by partial UK groups is Total...... 4,659,300 2.158.300 own. In this context, I would like to bring Payments of salaries and fees to UK citizens to the attention of the House a recently therefore that despite some difficulties in co-operating with UNESCO, the cost and 6,884,900 6,867,500 published report of the Foreign Affairs 3,738,400 3.591 ,400 Committee of the British House of Com­ administrative complications of withdrawal ~~a~ : t:~:::~? :: : :: '.~ ::?::::~ ~:: mons regarding UNESCO. The report con­ from the Organisation would be consider­ Grand total ...... 15.857.200 13,278,000 able, and would need to be underwritten by cludes "that continued membership of substantial government funds. We were told Source: ODA UNESCO is an objective which should be by ODA officials that no decision had yet pursued in the interests of British scientif­ been taken by Ministers about the possibili­ International consequences of withdrawal ic, cultural and educational interests," and ty of transferring the present subscription 50. Although UK withdrawal would have "that the withdrawal of UK membership of to UNESCO to the support of bilateral and considerable, and to some extent quantifi­ UNESCO is likely to advance Soviet-bloc multilateral activities required to replace able, consequences for the UK organisations interests in the Third World." The commit­ those conducted through UNESCO. involved in UNESCO and for the balance of tee, chaired by Conservative party member The financial balance sheet payments, the wider diplomatic implications Sir Anthony Kershaw, further recommends of a withdrawal from UNESCO are probably 48. A number of UK organisations drew more serious, even if less quantifiable. that the British Government "should not our attention to the financial benefits of implement its present notice of withdrawal 51. It was made clear to us during our visit UK membership of UNESCO, resulting in to Paris that UK withdrawal from UNESCO from the Organization unless the Twenty­ particular from the number of consultancies at this stage would be regarded as a breach Third General Conference in Sofia decides and contracts placed by the Organisation of faith on the part of HM Government, in either to overturn the recommendations of with UK individuals and companies. The Li­ particular by the Commonwealth countries the Executive Board or decides to adopt brary Association told us that the US and who have consistently supported the pro­ new policy directives which would seriously the UK "have together provided the over­ gramme of reforms initiated by Mr. Raison challenge the United Kingdom's interests whelming majority of librarians, archivists in April 1984. It was bluntly presented to us and the new Concensus which appears to and other information scientists sent by that, if Britain were to leave UNESCO after have been achieved in the Executive UNESCO as consultants and advisers." And receiving so much support from Common­ Board." the United Nations Association claimed that wealth member "leaving aside unquantified yields to eg the states, the chances of further reform in the I believe the conclusions drawn by the Organisation would be slim, and further Foreign Affairs Committee of the House of British publising industry ... the UK reaps a measurable harvest from its membership". moves towards reform would be viewed with Commons are of direct relevance to the considerable suspicion, particularly if initi­ United States and that similar logic should 49. The extent of this harvest is illustrat­ ed in Table II, which suggests UK and UK­ ated by Western governments who might apply to our deliberations on the subject. related receipts from the UNESCO budget thereafter leave the Organisation altogeth­ Excerpts from the House of Commons substantially in excess of the UK's direct er. report are submitted below: 52. In part, the Commonwealth reaction budgetary contribution. Although UNESCO to HM Government's actions reflects the ExCERPTS FROM THE FIFTH REPORT OF THE might continue to recruit some advisers and FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMITTEE OF THE HOUSE very high premium placed by Third World consultants following UK withdrawal, it is countries on the principle of universality in OF COMMONS ENTITLED, "UNITED KINGDOM likely that most contracts would be brought MEMBERSHIP OF UNESCO" the membership of the United Nations and to a halt or not renewed. Thus, although its agencies, every breach of which is re­ THE IMPLICATIONS OF WITHDRAWAL the Treasury might benefit temporarily garded as devaluing the entire UN system. The Benefits of UK Membership of UNESCO from a withdrawal of UK membership, the In part also it reflects the enormous impor­ 45. Not surprisingly, the organisations in balance of payments would probably suffer. tance attached to the UK presence in the UK who have given evidence to us have In his evidence to us, the Director General UNESCO by the member states of the Com­ for the most part emphasised the benefits of UNESCO also drew attention to the rela· monwealth . If anything, the United Kingdom's their particular interests are concerned. Al­ staff who are UK nationals <8.9 per cent of contribution to UNESCO is more fully ap­ though there has been a general acceptance total UNESCO staff>, and to British contri· preciated in UNESCO than it is in the of the need for administrative reform and of butions in specific fields of activity, such as United Kindgom, and the universally-ex­ the dangers of "politicisation". these con­ science and culture . States was regarded largely as an inconven­ membership of UNESCO and concern about ience, the withdrawal of the United King­ the likely implications for those individual dom would be genuinely regarded as a seri­ groups of UK withdrawal. ous and substantive loss to the Organisa­ 46. Despite specific concerns, most UK tion, particularly by the United Kingdom's groups have emphasised the direct advan­ Commonwealth allies. tages of remaining in UNESCO and, most 53. Although the West European repre­ important, the problems which would be sentatives whom we met were circumspect

51-059 0-87-27 (Pt. 22) 30948 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November fl, 1985 about their governments' response to a UK sources, including Mr. Gough Whitlam United Nations and its Agencies could have withdrawal, we gained the impression that (former Prime Minister of Australia and long-term, and damaging, consequences for any hope of a general Western withdrawal currently Australia's Permanent Delegate to those organisations, and not merely for from UNESCO was unlikely. Apart from the UNESCO>. In a recent speech, Mr. Whitlam UNESCO alone. obvious French interest in continuing mem­ made particular reference to the role of the 64. On the basis of the most recent evi­ bership of the Organisation that the organisational structure of Board last summer, and subsequently, had in the Regular Budget and for no increase UNESCO should be reformed in such a way originated with the UK Government, and it in the contributions of member states in as to provide an effective executive body of seems inconceivable that a reform pro­ consequence of the withdrawal of the more manageable proportions than the gramme of the kind now underway within United States' 25 per cent contribution. Of present Executive Board, perhaps on the UNESCO would have been undertaken the most recent Executive Board meeting lines of the recently-established Temporary without the stimulus provided by the UK that a breach by the United Kingdom been questioned by a number of other of the principle of universality ln the November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30949 NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOVIET JEWRY jured. One of the guards stated: "Too bad Levin until the end of his trial and that she Hitler didn't finish the job." would not be permitted to see him either. SEARCHES, ARRESTS, HARASSMENT AND IMPRIS­ September 30: Prisoner of Zion-Simon October 30: In Leningrad-Mikhail Vin­ ONMENT OF HEBREW TEACHERS AND JEWISH Shnirman was punished by being put in an aver was summoned to the KGB and told ACTIVISTS IN THE SOVIET UNION isolation cell. His wife was not allowed to that his wife, Evgenia, belonged to a Lenin­ September 4: In Moscow-Yuly Edelshtein visit him or to give him parcels. This was in grad group of the Jewish Defense League, was arrested. He was charged with illegal Kishinev. which planned to carry out grandiose acts possession of drugs, Article 224. The drugs October 2: In Odessa-Yehudit Nepom­ of sabatoge in Leningrad. were found during a search of his home. niashchy was summoned for interrogation November 1: In Odessa-The Procurator's Since Edelshtein applied to emigrate in 1978 and refused to give in to the demand that Office summoned 15 fellow-employees of he has been harassed by the authorities, she serve as a witness in the case of Levin. Yakov Levin to testify against him at his who wanted to expel him from Moscow. His October 4: In Odessa-the investigator re­ trial. home was searched periodically and he was fused to allow Yehudit Nepomniashchy to November 1: In Leningrad-The authori­ warned to stop teaching Hebrew. serve as defense attorney for Yakov Levin. ties disconnected the telephone in the home September 5: In Odessa-the homes of This was after Yehudit had had no success of Yosif Radomyslsky. Aleksandr Kushnir, Valery Pevzner, and in finding him a lawyer. November 1: In Kiev-The Official in Yakov Mesh were searched. Tape recorders, October 7: In Moscow-A search was con­ charge of religious ceremonies warned Lev cassettes, prayerbooks, Hebrew textbooks, ducted at the home of Natalia Rather, relat­ Elbert that the Kabbalat Shabbat service postcards from Israel, prayer shawls, and te­ ing to the case of Kholmiansky. was a religious ceremony and needed an of­ fillin were confiscated. At Kushnir's an invi­ October 7: In Kishinev-A search was con­ ficial permit. tation from his mother in Israel and a neck­ ducted at the home of Aleksandr Kogan, re­ November 1: In Leningrad-Mikhail lace with a Magen David he was wearing lating to the case of Kholmiansky. Text­ Elman was taken into custody while on the were confiscated. books and religious books were confiscated. street. At the police station he was beaten September 8: In Moscow-unknown per­ Kogan was warned that he might be arrest­ and forced to sign a document promising se­ sons attacked Mikhail Kholmiansky in the street and took his October 10: In Kishinev-V. Tsukerman On November 3 he was again summoned to brief case. and 0. Lokshin, who were not able to find the police station to fulfill the obligation to September 8: In Leningrad-Gorodetsky jobs, were threatened with being charged cooperate with the authorities. When he re­ was fired from his job for having refused to with "parasitism." fused to cooperate he was again beaten. The divulge details about his place of work. October 12: In Odessa-At the close of the officials threatened to put an end to Jewish September 8: In Moscow-Viktor Ful­ Sukkot holiday a fourth search was made at religious life in Leningrad. makht was summoned to the KGB and in­ the home of Mark Nepomniashchy. November 5: In Moscow-The scientist terrogated. October 12: In Moscow-while visiting Mikhail Marinov was summoned to a police September 8: Another search was made in here, Mark Nepomniashchy was arrested. station and accused of "parasitism." Edelshtein's home and newspapers in vari­ October 16: In Odessa-Yakov Mesh was November 10: In Leningrad-Policemen ous languages, requests for exit permits, and arrested. When taken into custody he was tried to break into the apartment of Mikhail a copy of a complaint of Tania about previ­ beaten and dragged to the police station. Elman during the circumcision ceremony of ous searches were confiscated. About 10 policemen participated in his his son. September 12: In Odessa-Yakov Mesh arrest. November 10: In Leningrad-The authori­ was summoned to the Department of Inves­ October 17: In Bendery-A search was ties threatened to open a criminal file tigations of the Procurator's Office and conducted in the home of Moshe Liberman against Nadezhda Fradkova. amidst anti-Semitic insults demands were in connection with the case of Yakov Levin. November 10: In Leningrad-Three KGB made upon him to give testimony in the October 17: In Tiraspol -A men attacked Evgeny Lein on the stairs to case of Yakov Levin. He was threatened search was conducted in the home of Polina his apartment, beat him severely, and con­ with having a file opened against him if he Grin in connection with the case of Jakov tinued hitting him while taking him to a refused to testify. Levin. Religious materials were confiscated, waiting car, in front of passers-by. They September 13: In Moscow-Edelshtein's which, according to the investigator, would twisted a finger on his right hand, injured 16-17 year old pupils were interrogated. Ma­ be placed in Levin's file, since the material his left ear, and threatened him with terials in Hebrew, including books and cas­ allegedly contained intentional slander reimprisonment. settes, were taken from them. They were against the Soviet state and social system. November 12: In Leningrad-A TV pro­ forced to sign a document stating that October 17: In Kishinev-A search was gram was screened which was partly devot­ Edelshtein sold them books for 15 rubles conducted in the home of Aaron Minblit in ed to "international Zionism." The names of each. connection with the Levin case. A letter of activists, and pictures of some, were given. September 20: In Moscow-Searches were Nepomniashchy was confiscated. They were described as engineers who re­ conducted in the homes of Inna Brukhina October 21: In Odessa-Rumors were fused to work and lived from gifts. and Dan Shapiro. A tape recorder, cassettes, spread that the authorities were seeking a November 13: In Leningrad-Evgeny Lein and books were confiscated. The searches Zionist group whose activities and ties with was fired from his job. were related to the case of Edelshtein. The people abroad had caused damage to the November 13: In Leningrad-A file was search at Shapiro's lasted nine hours, and USSR. At the end of the investigation, ac­ open against Nadezhda Fradkova for "para­ during it his mezuzot were broken. At Bruk­ cording to the rumors, the trial would be sitism." hina's a Tanach, Hebrew books, and a certif­ televised on Ukrainian or all-Soviet TV. November 13: In Moscow-Mikhail Khol­ icate of Israeli citizenship were taken. Anti-Semitism in the local Odessa press in­ miansky was detained for interrogation in September 20: Igor Kharakh was taken to tensified. connection with his activities, which, ac­ Lubianka Prison for interrogation and October 23: In Odessa-Marina Mesh was cording to the KGB man, were endangering warned to stop his relations with Brukhina taken from an airplane she was boarding to his freedom. and Shapiro. go to Moscow. She was searched and a copy November 14: In Novograd-Volynsk-Re­ September 20: In Odessa-Sofia Vitaver of a letter signed by nine witnesses, fellow­ fusenik Yosif Berenshtein of Kiev, father of was summoned for interrogation in connec­ employees of Yakov Mesh who saw him Yana Berenshtein, was arrested. tion with an injury sustained by one of the beaten during his arrest, was confiscated November 15: In Leningrad-The KGB official witnesses during a search in her from her. continued to put pressure on Mikhail home on 31 August. Sofia was sentenced to October 25: In Moscow-The KGB sum­ Elman, who was summoned to give informa­ 15 days detention. moned for "conversations" people from dif­ tion about his friends. September 23: In Moscow-5 persons were ferent places, in order to get prejudiced, November 15: In Odessa-The trial of interrogated in the case of Kholmiansky by even false, testimony in the cases of Khol­ Yakov Lenin opened. Of those close to him, an investigator who came to Moscow from miansky and Edelshtein. only his parents were allowed to enter the Tallin. October 25: In Odessa-In connection with courtroom. Mikhail Tsivin, who came from September 23: In Leningrad-Mikhail Vin­ the cases of Levin and Nepomniashchy Leningrad to attend the trial, was taken aver was summoned for interrogation. searches were conducted in the homes of into custody for 15 days. September 24: · In Moscow-a court of several Jews . domyslsky-a KGB man came to his place September 26: In Irkutsk-Zakhar Zun­ October 25: In Odessa-Yehudit Nepom­ of work and demanded that he be fired. shain was beaten in prison camp by other niashchy was told by the authorities that November 17: Inna Shlomova and Boris prisoners and his ribs and kidneys were in- she would not be permitted to marry Yakov Begun were not permitted to see Yosif 30950 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 Begun, who was being punished with 52 ment in Namibia, we would be winking at National Conference of Catholic Bishops days in an isolation cell. The meeting with the illegal South African occupation of that and, I am proud to say, a constituent of him was postponed until the end of 1985. country. We would be assisting in a South mine. On October 29, 1985, Bishop Malone November 19: In Tallin-Jews connected with the Kholmiansky case were again in­ African policy of terrorizing its neighbors addressed a gathering at Youngstown State terrogated. and keeping them in a state of desperation University to celebrate the 40th anniversary November 20: Simon Shnirman's wife's and dependency. Only last month, South of the United Nations. planned visit with him was canceled. Africa launched a large-scale invasion of Bishop Malone made a moving speech, Angola which was condemned even by offi­ emphasizing the need to eliminate nuclear cials of the Reagan administration. arms and the need for the United Nations PROHIBITING U.S. ASSISTANCE Aid to the South African-backed forces [U.N.] to take a more active role in achiev­ TO FORCES IN ANGOLA would also demonstrate to the Pretoria ing worldwide peace. Bishop Malone has government that we are not serious about been a consistent voice for peace and jus­ HON. TED WEISS imposing sanctions on the apartheid regime tice throughout his distinguished career. OF NEW YORK for its brutal policies. By taking over a The bishop has been outspoken on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES share of Pretoria's military adventure conflict in Northern Ireland, and he has Wednesday, November 6, 1985 against Angola, we would be directly free­ consistently spoken out on behalf of peace ing resources for use against the South Af• and morality since the 1940's. Most impor­ Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, there is strong rica's own black majority. tantly, Bishop Malone has never wavered pressure within the Reagan administration The essential point is a simple one: The in his lifelong commitment to spread the to reinvolve the United States in the war in United States has no business entering into message of peace, and he has never hesitat· Angola-on the side of the forces backed a military alliance with the apartheid Gov­ ed to speak out in behalf of justice and mo­ by South Africa. And we have even seen ernment of South Africa. rality. legislation introduced in this House which For these reasons, I am today introduc­ Rightfully 80, Bishop Malone is extreme­ would have that effect. ing legislation which will prohibit U.S. aid, ly concerned over the massive buildup of What do we know about the group which direct or indirect, to any of the forces nuclear arms among the superpowers. He calls itself UNIT A, and which the adminis­ fighting in Angola. I am pleased to an­ has provided a much needed rational voice tration wants to aid? We know that its nounce that the original cosponsors in­ for the cause of peace and sanity. While his leader Jonas Savimbi, was trained in China clude Africa Subcommittee Chairman views may not be popular among many­ and has described himself as a "Maoist." Howard WOLPE and Representatives STE· that has never prevented him from spread­ We know that UNIT A forces killed an PHEN J. SOLARZ, GEORGE W. CROCKETT, ing his message. Bishop Malone is a man of American last year when they shot down Jr., ROBERT GARCIA, LOUIS STOKES, vision and rare courage. At a time when it the civilian aircraft in which he was travel­ ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER, MICKEY is easy to talk "tough" and, all too often, ing. We know that they have kidnaped LELAND, JULIAN C. DIXON, WALTER E. act "tough" when dealing in foreign affairs, other Americans. We know that they have FAUNTROY, RONALD V. DELLUMS, PARREN Bishop Malone reminds us of the vital im­ inflicted terrible suffering on civilians J. MITCHELL, ALAN WHEAT, CHARLES B. portance of morality and justice in dealing living in the areas where they operate, in­ RANGEL, MERVYN M. DYMALLY, EDOLPHUS with both our friends and enemies. Bishop cluding torture, mutilation, and murder. TOWNS, and PATRICIA SCHROEDER. I invite Malone has presented all of us with a chal­ We know that in April 1984, a few all Members of this House who are con­ lenge we cannot ignore: humanity must say months after the truck-bombing of the cerned about our South Africa policy to "no" to the inevitable arms race, the inabil­ Marine Barracks in Beirut, UNITA did the join us as cosponsors. ity to match moral values with technologi­ same thing-they drove a truck loaded with The text of the bill follows: cal capabilities, and to the web of terrorist expolsives into a seven-story building in H.R. 3690 fear in which the world is caught. Huambo, Angola, and killed upward of 100 A bill to prohibit assistance for military or Bishop Malone has contributed 80 much people. Nor did they deny that they had paramilitary operations in Angola to the greater Youngstown community and committed this cowardly and brutal act. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of the Nation as a whole. He has been a pow­ According to the respected British weekly Representatives of the United States of erful voice for peace and justice, and his the Economist, UNIT A claimed responsibil­ America in Congress assembled, noble message has gained worldwide atten­ ity for the bombing and even bragged that SECTION 1. MILITARY AND PARAMILITARY OPER· tion. Mr. Speaker, at this time, I would like the death toll had been 200. ATIONS IN ANGOLA. to insert into the RECORD an article that Perhaps most critical of all the things we (a) PROHIBITION ON ASSISTANCE.-Notwith­ appeared in the Youngstown Vindicator on know about UNITA, we know that it is a standing any other provision of law, no as· sistance of any kind may be provided by any Bishop Malone's recent speech at Younp­ surrogate force of the South African Gov­ town State University: ernment. It operates from Namibian bases agency or instrumentality of the United States Government for the purpose, or CFrom the Youngstown Vindicator, Oct. 30, with the collusion of South Africa, and which would have the effect, of promoting 1985] South Africa provides it with material sup­ or augmenting, directly or indirectly, the ca· port as well. pacity of any nation, 1roup, or1anization, BISHOP SAYS U.N. FAILS ON NUKE CONTROL In the context of what has happened in movement, or individual to conduct m111tary the last year in Southern Africa, it is aston­ or param111tary operations in Anaola. Bishop James W. Malone charged that the ishing that anyone in this country would (b) WAIVER PROHIBITl:D.-Subsection (a) United Nations has done little to help end suggest that we enter into a de facto mili­ may not be waived under any other provi· the nuclear arms buildup, which he called tary alliance with the enforcers of apart­ sion of law. "one of the greatest curses of the human heid. race.'' The bishop, president of the National Such an alliance would further neither TRIBUTE TO BISHOP JAMES W. Conference of Catholic Bishops, was the our national interests nor our national se­ MALONE: A MAN OF PEACE featured speaker Tuesday night for a cele­ curity. AND COURAGE bration of the United Nation's 40th anniver­ As Secretary of State Shultz has argued, sary held in Youngstown State University's if we aid one of the forces fighting in HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. Kllcawley Center by the local chapter of Angola, we destroy our chances of acting the United Nations Association. OF OHIO Bishop Malone, who became a priest the as mediator in the conflict. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By helping South Africa to attack same year the United Nations was formed, Wednesdcw, November 6, 1985 said the international body has been inef­ Angola, we would make Angola more de­ fective in controlling nuclear arms and the pendent on Cuban troops, not less so. Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, at this threat they pose to peace. We would be promoting South Africa's time I would like to pay a fitting tribute to "Those living when the U.N. was formed foreign policy agenda, not our own. By Bishop James W. Malone, of Younptown, in 1945 shared the hope of Cthenl Secretary crushing any hopes of a negotiated settle- OH. Bishop Malone ls the president of the of State John Foster Dulles, who said the November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ·30951 U.N. could become a Magna Carta for Bishop Malone was introduced by Dr. --- -STATE OF MARYLAND-PROCLAMATION peace," the bishop said. Kong T. Oh, an area eye surgeon, who Whereas Armed Forces of the United But even then, he recalled, "Few voices chaired the association's anniversary dinner. States, in order to protect the lives of spoke about the morality of what our nation "The promise of world peace is possible United States citizens and to counter hostile had done when it dropped the bomb." and inevitable," Dr. Oh said. influence threatening the Western Hemi­ Bishop Malone, whose speech topic was . Bishop Malone agreed with Dr. Oh. But sphere, invaded the island of Grenada on "Who's Speaking for Peace These Days?" he cautioned that before the "inevitable" is October 25, 1983; and said there were some who spoke for peace achieved, "We all must speak," and more Whereas In this military action 18 mem­ and morality in the 1940s. important, "act for peace." bers of these United States forces lost their But, like the situation today, he said those The Youngstown UNA chapter presented lives and 116 others were wounded; and voices were and continue to be too weak to Bishop Malone with a certificate recogniz­ Whereas At least one of those killed and convince world leaders that they must take ing his efforts for world peace and unity. two of the wounded were sons of Maryland strong action for securing peace. responding to their country's call; and "Those who speak against stockpiling of Grace Luce, who has stepped down after 16 years as chairman of UNICEF cards and Whereas It is appropriate that our nation atomic weapons are considered to be at best remember and express appreciation of the naive and at worst, un-American,'' Bishop gifts for the Mahoning and Shenango Val­ Malone said. leys, was awarded a certificate from the eternal sacrifice of those who gave their He stated that the President and the lead­ chapter in recognition of her service to lives and suffered wounds in the perform­ ers of most countries only give "lip service" UNICEF. ance of their duty to their country; to arms control. Ursuline High School and St. Joseph Now, Therefore, I Harry Hughes, Gover­ "I look to the upcoming arms talks with Newman Center received complimentary nor of the State of Maryland, do hereby only guarded hope," he said. one-year organizational chapter member­ proclaim October 25, 1985, as Battle of Gre­ But there are people speaking for peace ships, while the Lake-to-River Girl Scout nada Memorial Day in Maryland, and com­ and their voices are beginning to be heard, Council and Youngstown Area Camp Fire mend this observance to all our citizens. the bishop said. Council were awarded certificates of appre­ The United Nations is one of those voices, ciation for outstanding support of UNICEF. but Bishop Malone stated firmly that its ac­ Chapter President Raymond Nakley, Jr. STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA-PROCLAMATION tions toward achieving that goal with neces­ made the presentations on behalf of the or­ On October 25, 1983, American Armed sary nuclear arms control are unimpressive. ganization. Forces landed on the Island of Grenada and The United Nations established the In addition, the Camp Fire Council pre­ rescued United States students and Grenada Atomic Energy Commission to help rid the sented the Mahoning-Shenango Valley Area from a Communist dictatorship. It was national arsenal of atomic, and all mass de­ UNICEF committee with a certificate for ef­ during this rescue mission that troops dis­ struction, weapons. forts to help children through UNICEF. covered more than 35,000 pounds of docu­ "The United Nations has seen a lack of The Girl Scouts presented the UNA chap­ ments which portrayed how the small success in controlling these weapons," he ter with a certificate outlining Girl Scout nation was nearly transformed into a Com­ said. objectives and goals in supporting UNICEF. munist client state. In addition to classified "Instead of eliminating nuclear weapons, documents, American soldiers also found we've made more,'' he said. stores of weapons supplied by Soviet bloc · The bishop said nuclear nations have LESSONS OF GRENADA WEEK countries. never destroyed one of their nuclear weap­ In liberating the island of Grenada from a ons and that 1,000 nuclear weapons have Communist dictatorship, the combined mill· been exploded in atmospheric and ground HON. NEWT GINGRICH tary forces brought to the attention of the tests since the United Nation's birth. OF GEORGIA American people the real threat of Commu­ Bishop Malone also stated that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nism to our nation. It is a threat which our amount of money, $550 billion, which is citizens must remember vividly if we are to spent worldwide on construction of nuclear Wednesday, November 6, 1985 protect our freedom and independence. weapons could go "a long way" to help con­ During the week of October 20 through quer "real" world problems. Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, the House October 26, 1985, the second anniversary of Quoting former President Dwight D. Ei­ of Representatives has shown its support the liberation of Grenada, groups and indi­ senhower, the bishop said, "Every gun made for last week's "Lessons of Grenada Week," viduals will have an opportunity to sponsor signifies a theft from those who hunger and by passing House Joint Resolution 313. events during the observance of "Leuons of are not fed and from those who are cold and Several of the States' Governors also sup­ Grenada Week" to foster greater under­ not clothed." ported this effort with proclamations. They standing of the threat of Communism. He also quoted civil rights activist Dr. Now, therefore, I, James G. Martin, Gov­ Martin Luther King, saying, "We are travel­ should be of interest to those in this House ernor of the State of North Carolina, do ing along a road of hate." who supported House Joint Resolution 313. hereby proclaim the week of October 20 Bishop Malone is confident we can re­ The proclamations follow: through October 28, 1985 as "Lessons of chart that course if humanity will "stand up COMMONWEALTH 01' PENNSYLVANIA, Grenada Week" in North Carolina, and I and speak for peace. . . ." OFFICE 01' THE GOVERNOR, commend its observance to all North Caro­ He said humanity must say "no" to the in­ Ha.rr'8burg. linians. evitable arms race, the inability to match GREETINGS: In witness whereof, I have hereunto set moral values with technological capabilities, More than three hundred years ago, Wil· my hand and affixed the Great Seal of the and to the web of terrorist fear in which the liam Penn had a vision of a land of freedom, State of North Carolina at the Capitol in world is caught. opportunity and tolerance for all men and Raleigh this tenth day of October, in the Conversely, the bishop said, mankind women. Today, Pennsylvanians and, indeed, year of our Lord nineteen hundred and must agree to the power of each individual all Americans continue to uphold that eighty-five and of the Independence of the to make a difference, to the high priority on dream. United States of America the two hundred life and, most important, humanity must Unfortunately, the government of the and ninth. say, "Yes to peace." Soviet Union, its satellites and other intoler· "For all of its flaws and failures,'' Bishop ant regimes deny the most basic rights to Malone added, the U.N. is still the best vehi­ their citizens. It is, therefore, appropriate cle to secure worldwide peace. HEALTH WARNING LABELS He commended the United Nations on its that people of goodwill everywhere recog­ successes with helping to avert potential nize the situation that exists in countries NEEDED FOR SMOKELF.SS TO­ wars and control volatile situations. under totalitarian rule. BACCO The bishop also hailed the body for its During the week of October 21-28, 1985, help in controlling hunger and lowering many people are observin1 "Leuona of Gre­ HON. MIKE SYNAR infant mortality rates in many countries. nada Week" to recall the events that took Bishop Malone Joined other American place in the island of Grenada on October OF OKLAHOMA Catholic bishops in 1983 and wrote the 25, 1983. Aa Governor of the Common­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES "Pastoral Letter on Peace." wealth of Pennsylvania, I ur1e all citizens to Wednesday, November 6, 1985 The letter states that the United Nations study the leuons to be learned from that must be examined carefully and that it experience. Mr. SYNAR. Mr. Speaker, the dangers of must take a more "positive and creative" DICK THORKBtJRGH, using smokeless tobacco products become role in helping to achieve worldwide peace. Governor. more apparent each day. Numerous studies 30952 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 have documented the increased risks of The subcommittee's proposal, which next torship. In 1963, he assumed the additional oral cancer, gum disease, and tooth loss as­ goes to a full House committee on health, responsibility of becoming an elementary sociated with using smokeless tobacco. also bans radio and television advertisement school principal, taking on a second school Public health organizations are nearly of smokeless tobacco products. At the OU College of Dentistry, oral pa­ 3 years later. unanimous in their support for legislation thologists and pediatric dentists will evalu­ Mr. Taranto then ascended to the posi­ to warn users of these dangers. ate the patient's oral cavity for any indica­ tion of administrative assistant to the su­ I am submitting for the RECORD a recent tion of detrimental changes in oral tissue as perintendent, assistant superintendent, and, article from the Daily Oklahoman which il­ a result of the use of smokeless tobacco. finally, in July 1972 to the position of su­ lustrates the ongoing State efforts to dis­ Dr. Richard J. Mathewson said "chronic" perintendent, where he has served for more courage smokeless tobacco use. Oklahoma users are those who dip snuff or use chew­ than 13 years. has been a leader in bringing this issue to ing tobacco at least once a day for a six­ But, the story of A.R. Taranto is more month period. the public's attention. than just one of personal success and lon­ The University of Oklahoma College of Mathewson said he already has seen a 12- year-old patient who had pre-cancerous le­ gevity. It is also a story of achievement. Dentistry has created a special clinic for sions from using smokeless tobacco. Taking over the Linden schools in the children, adolescents, and young adults The OU clinic will be held during the early 1970's was a substantial challenge, who are chronic users of smokeless tobac­ afternoon the last Friday of each month at one which he met head on. Long before co. The director of the clinic says that he the dental college building, 1001 Stanton L. anyone had heard of "back to basics," well already has seen a 12-year-old patient with Young Blvd. before there was a report called "A Nation precancerous lesions from using smokeless Appointments are necessary, and a $5 fee at Risk," A.R. Taranto was raising stand­ covers the cost of a complete examination tobacco. ards and striving for excellence. Setting a I urge my colleagues to cosponsor legis­ of the oral cavity, consultation with faculty members and, if necessary, oral photo­ stringent, districtwide homework policy lation introduced by Representative graphs and X-rays. and developing rigorous attendance and WAXMAN and myself, H.R. 3510, which re­ Patient evaluations will be sent to the graduation requirements, he was at least 10 quires warning labels on smokeless tobacco family's dentist for follow-up. years ahead of other educators. Reading packages and advertising, bans TV and Leavitt said health department dental and writing were given the highest priority radio advertising, and requires the disclo­ educators report that in every classroom and gifted and talented programs were de­ sure of chemical ingredients such as nico­ they visit, some children say they use chew­ veloped. tine. We should act now to avert an epi­ ing tobacco or snuff. Oklahoma law banning the sale of tobacco A new alliance was formed between the demic of oral cancer in the future. schools and the parents and, under Taran­ The article follows: products to minors became effective Nov. 1, she said. to's leadership, a newsletter was begun to [From the Daily Oklahoman, Nov. 4, 1985] Several state school systems now have bring important school-related issues into EFFORTS ACCELERATED AGAINST USE OF policies banning tobacco products from the home. New programs were begun, in­ SMOKELESS TOBACCO school property and at school events, Lea­ cluding preschool education for the handi­ Oklahomans on several fronts are at­ vitt said. capped, remedial and vocational programs tempting to warn the public-particularly Educational materials on the subject of and special job placement for handicapped adolescents and young adults-about the smokeless tobacco, including a slide/tape dangers of snuff and chewing tobacco. presentation designed for elementary and high school students. In Washington, a U.S. House subcommit­ junior high school students, are available More recently, Mr. Taranto has been di­ tee on health has approved a proposal call­ through the health department. recting the development of comprehensive ing for warning labels for smokeless tobacco computer literacy programs for students products and printed advertisements. A co------and others, as well as the computerization sponsor of the measure is Rep. Mike Synar, A.R. TARANTO RETIRES AFTER of the district's administrative functions. D-Muskogee. 44 YEARS IN THE LINDEN Mr. Speaker, it is safe to say that in the In Oklahoma City, the University of Okla- SCHOOL SYSTEM last half century, no single individual has homa College of Dentistry has started a spe­ cial clinic for children, adolescents and had a more dynamic effect on the develop­ young adults who have been chronic users HON.BERNARDJ.DWYER ment of the Linden school system than of smokeless tobacco. OF NEW JERSEY A.R. Taranto. His vision, his innovation, And dental educators with the Oklahoma IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and his leadership have helped Linden to Department of Health have launched a new Wednesday, November 6, 1985 attain great heights in educational success. campaign to combat the popularity of He will be sorely missed after his retire­ smokeless tobacco products among school­ Mr. DWYER of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, ment, but it is a retirement well deserved age children. every one of us in our dealings in our dis­ after a lifetime of giving. For that, we all The snuff-related death a year ago of 19- tricts has the opportunity to learn of some owe him a debt of thanks. year-old Sean Marsee of Ada has brought wonderful individuals-the unsung heroes national attention to what physicians be­ of American society. These are the people lieve are growing health risks associated with the use of smokeless tobacco. who dedicate their lives to serving others BILL OFFERS RELIEF FOR The teen-ager's death was attributed to a and to making their communities and, SMALL BUSINESSMEN six-year habit of dipping snuff. therefore, their Nation a better place to "Persons who use chewing tobacco or live. I would like to share with my col­ snuff are at an increased risk of developing leagues today the story of one such Individ­ HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON cancer of the oral cavity, pharyax, larynx, ual on the occasion of his retirement. OF CONNECTICUT throat and esophagus," said state health A.R. Taranto will retire in December as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES commissioner Joan K. Leavitt. the superintendent of the Linden school Other harmful effects of smokeless tobac­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 co include increased blood pressure and system after a 44-year career which has heart rate, gum disease, greater wear on seen him rise from a teacher in Linden Mrs. JOHNSON. Mr. Speaker, I would tooth enamel and discolored teeth, she said. High School to the head of the entire like to take this opportunity to congratu­ The House bill co-sponsored by Synar sets system. It is a record marked by dedication late and extend my support to the gentle­ the minimum age for the purchase of and achievement. man from North Carolina [Mr. BROYHILL] smokeless tobacco at 21. Although the beginning of his teaching for his intelligent response to a very real The bill also requires that snuff and chew­ career was interrupted by 3 years of mili­ problem in my district and many others ing tobacco carry warnings that the product tary service during World War II, Mr. Tar­ throughout the United States. As ranking might cause mouth cancer, gum disease and tooth loss, that it contains nicotine, and anto returned to teaching until 1949, when Republican on the House Committee on that it is addictive. he became an assistant school psychologist. Energy and Commerce, his attentiveness to Labels can be rotated, but they must be Eight years later, he became school P8Y· this situation will, I trust, lead to a work­ carried an equal number of times on each chologist and, shortly thereafter, was pro­ able solution to this problem and I hope brand during a 12-month period. moted to the department's assistant direc- my colleagues will join us. November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ·30953 Pursuant to the amendments to the Solid tia is no longer human. He is a vegetable. SHELBY'S relicensing bill, H.R. 44, would Waste Disposal Act as amended by the Re­ That's devastating.... The thought is that eliminate the public preference in relicens­ source Conservation and Recovery Act and it could happen to you." ing and would have the effect of granting enacted into law on November 8, 1984, The societal costs of Alzheimer's disease perpetual ownership of the Nation's water­ those hazardous waste generators who wish are staggering. Those suffering from Alz­ ways to existing licensees. I support the to store such wastes onsite must meet cer­ heimer's face progressive cognitive deterio­ public power preference reaffirmed by the tain minimum technological and financial ration, eventually resulting in a complete court of appeals because it brings needed requirements. The requirements for such loss of intellectual abilities. Most victims competition to the hydro relicensing proc­ landfills and surface impoundments in­ must be institutionalized during the later ess. I would encourage my colleagues to clude sophisticated ground water monitor­ stages. Alzheimer's disease accounts for an take note of this important case, which is ing, installation of liners, and evidence of estimated 50 percent of those in nursing explained below. I would also be happy to financial responsibility. As one who sup­ homes and long-term care mental hospitals. provide Members with the full text of the ported the goals of H.R. 2867, the bill that The disease can also be devastating to the decision upon request. eventually became Public Law 98-616, I victim's families. They face increased de­ In CCJOA versus FERC, ·referred to as had no quarrel with those requirements but mands on their time and financial re­ the Merwin case, the court determined that recently have learned that the financial re­ sources. Victims require constant attention public agencies have preference over all sponsibility provision is causing consider­ and supervision, and custodial services in other applicants, including an incumbent able disruption among those generators later stages of the disease. While the Feder­ licensee, upon the relicensing of hydroelec­ who wish to abide by the law. al Government spending billions each year tric projects. Thus, when a public agency Mr. Speaker, the Environmental Protec­ for Alzheimer's sufferers under the Medic­ demonstrates that its plans for operation of tion Agency and various State offices of aid Program, the brunt of these costs is a federally licensed hydroelectric project environmental protection and management still borne by families. In 1982, the Federal are as good as or, to use the words of the have determined the financial responsibil­ Government spent $6.5 billion, while fami­ statute, "equally well adapted" as a private ity requirement to be one of two things: in­ lies spent $24 billion for such care. entity's plans, then the public entity should surance for millions of dollars' worth of I am encouraged, however, by recent con­ receive the new license to the use of the coverage or self-insurance. For the smaller gressional actions in response to a growing water resource. companies that make up the backbone of awareness of the disease. The Health Re­ The court held that this is exactly what American business, self-insurance for $1 to search Extension Act of 1985, recently ap­ the Congress intended when it passed the $6 million is simply out of the question. proved by the Congress, requires the Direc­ Federal Power Act in 1920 following nearly Thus, many of these companies have spent tor of the National Institutes of Health to 10 years of careful and spirited delibera­ the last year searching for outside insur­ make grants to public and nonprofit pri­ tion. As stated in the court's Merwin deci­ ance policies that would provide the cover­ vate institutions to conduct research relat­ sion- ing to Alzheimer's disease. While progress age necessitated by the law. At stake is the vitality of a Congressional The November 8, 1985, deadline for meet­ has been made in diagnosing the causes of decision favoring municipalities in the oper­ ing these financial responsibility require­ Alzheimer's and in developing treatments ation of hydroelectric power plants • • • ments is close at hand. Yet, several employ­ much remains to be done. Congress labored long and often to establish ers in my district alone have reported that, We must also provide relief to the fami­ a public power policy for this country. The despite their best, good faith efforts, they lies who tirelessly care for the victims of monumental political battles which took have been unable to secure adequate insur­ this heart-wrenching disease. That's why I place over this issue reflected the willing­ ance to meet the mandate of the law. They have cosponsored H.R. 468, a bill to provide ness and determination of powerful adver­ are in compliance with every other aspect a tax deduction for individual taxpayers saries with strongly held views. Every aspect of the statute that finally emerged was re­ of Public Law 98-616 but face closure of for home care and adult day care expenses peatedly and hotly contested. their onsite landfills on November 8 if they of a dependent who suffers from Alzhei­ cannot find insurance. mer's or related organic brain disorders. Nevertheless and despite the unusual Representative BROYHILL's bill offers The financial relief that this deduction congressional effort which went into fash­ relief to these small businessmen only inso­ would provide is certainly needed. Families ioning the provisions of the Federal Power far as the financial responsibility require­ also need to know that their patience and Act and a public power policy, this Con­ ments are concerned. If they can show the hard work do not go unnoticed. gress is rushing to reverse that longstand­ EPA Administrator total compliance with Mr. Speaker, as our society ages and as ing policy. all other legal requirements and a good life expectancies continue to increase, Alz­ I believe that we are being railroaded by faith effort to obtain insurance coverage, heimer's disease will become a more seri­ pressure from private utilities which claim they will be given a I-year extension on ous problem. We must work together to vested property rights, deny the existence meeting the financial responsibility re­ find prevention and treatments for the dis­ of the municipal preference, and finally quirements. ease, as well as provide care that upholds cloak all their arguments behind warnings I commend Mr. BROYHILL and strongly the dignity of the individual. of "devastating impacts to their consum­ urge my colleagues to consider this impor­ ers." These claims have not been carefully tant measure. evaluated and the recent Merwin decision PUBLIC POWER PREFERENCE IN strongly indicates that they should be. Pri­ HYDRO RELICENSING: THE vate utilities have been arguing for many THE TRAGEDY OF ALZHEIMER'S MERWIN CASE years that there is no preference for mu­ nicipalities upon relicensing and that we HON. DENNY SMITH HON. DON BONKER should "clarify" the law in their favor. OF OREGON OF WASHINGTON They argued against the existence of a mu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nicipal preference before FERC in a pro­ ceeding, known as Bountiful, which had Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Tuesday, November 12, 1985 been brought by municipal utilities to settle Mr. DENNY SMITH. Mr. Speaker, No­ Mr. BONKER. Mr. Speaker, on October the question of municipal preference on re­ vember has been designated as "National 22, 1985, the District of Columbia Circuit llcensing. FERC in 1980 held that, indeed, Alzheimer's Disease Awareness Month." It Court of Appeals issued a decision that municipalities do have a preference upon is only fitting that we focus our attention should have a major bearing on the hydro­ relicensing and successfully defended this on this and the other forms of dimentia electric relicensing issue, which is now preference in the 11th Circuit Court of Ap­ that currently afflict 2.5 million Americans. before Congress. The court ruled that in a peals. The private utilities sought review of Alzheimer's is an especially tragic disease tie between public and private appllcants that decision by the U.S. Supreme Court, because, in the words of one prominent for relicensing of a Federal hydrosite, the but certiorari was denied. Unfortunately, physician, "a person with a serious dimen- public agency has preference. Congressman the Commission also sought certiorari at 30954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 that time in an effort to get its earlier opin­ will benefit from competition for these HYPOCRISY AND GRAMM­ ion back in order to reverse it. Four of the projects. We cannot let ourselves be rushed RUDMAN five FERC Commissioners had changed into a hasty and premature judgment on since the Commission's earlier Bountiful the basis of the private utility claims. HON.ROBERTK.DORNAN ruling and the Commission decided at a Similarly we must keep in mind that secret meeting to adopt the arguments of what we are dealing with here is not a OF CALIFORNIA the private utilities which FERC had previ­ vested property right in existing licensees IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ously rejected and argued against in the but rather a right to the use of the Nation's 11th circuit. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 water resources. On this point the Court's Following denial of certiorari in the Su­ Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Speaker, preme Court, the municipalities thought opinion unequivocally- despite their pronouncements to the con­ that the issue of municipal preference was That preventing private corporations trary, the liberals in the House are not seri­ settled. However, to their surprise, the from acquiring a permanent hold on water ous about getting spending under control. Commission reversed Bountiful in a site-­ power resources was perhaps the single This should be obvious to anyone who has most important goal of statute's drafters. followed the debate of the Balanced Budget specific relicensing hearing involving The desire to prevent private power from Merwin Dam. Merwin Dam is in my con­ acquiring permanent rights over the na­ and Emergency Deficit Reduction Act, oth­ gressional district. It is located on the tion's waterways was, for example, the erwise known as Gramm-Rudman. Lewis River which is the border between reason why a system of definite term li­ Gramm-Rudman, in its original form, re­ Clark and Cowlitz Counties. The Clark and censes was adopted. quires Congress to reduce the deficit by $36 Cowlitz County PUD's which serve electric­ billion in each of the next 6 years until the ity to the two counties joined together to The Federal Power Act said the Court budget is balanced in 1991. If Congress seek the new license for Merwin Dam. The represents a "compromise between the fails to produce a budget that achieves the dam is currently licensed to the Pacific public interest in maintaining control of $36 billion in mandated budget cuts, Power & Light Co. which serves no custom­ water power and the private interest in en­ Gramm-Rudman requires the President to ers in Clark or Cowlitz Counties. suring a reasonable return on investment." begin sequestering, or canceling, funds for An evidentiary hearing on the competing The chief draftsman of legislation which all Federal programs, equally, until the applications was held before an FERC ad­ became the Federal Power Act, Mr. O.C. mandated savings are achieved. Social Se­ ministrative law judge who found the Merrill, who was also the Commission's curity, interest on the debt, and long-term Clark-Cowlitz application equally well first Executive Secretary, called "the chief defense commitments would be exempt adapted to PP&L's and awarded the license purpose" of the Federal Power Act to "pro­ from the sequestering process. to Clark-Cowlitz on the basis of the munic­ vide conditions under which capital can be This "sequestering" provision has been ipal preference. Following that, FERC re­ secured [to develop hydropower] while at the target of most of the more acrimonious versed itself and the 11th circuit's decision the same time fully to protect the para­ liberal rhetoric. Liberal editorialists and upholding municipal preference on reli­ mount interest of the public in its last great welfare-state enthusiasts have consistently censing. Clark-Cowlitz appealed the deci­ national resource." The Court, citing legis­ attacked Gramm-Rudman as an under­ sion to the D.C. circuit which made abso­ lative history, made clear that a bargain handed attempt by conservatives to balance lutely clear the existence of the municipal was struck between the investor-owned the budget on the backs of the elderly and preference and that there has never been a utilities and the Federal Government: poor. For instance, Gramm-Rudman has credible argument to the contrary. The To reassure private investors, Congress been called a tradegdy and a travesty, Court stated: budgetary flimflam, irresponsible, and Con­ In keeping with this [legislative] history, authorized long-term licenses and provided that if the federal gov­ gress at its worst. both the earliest Commission and the courts ernment or any other private entity took On the contrary, Gramm-Rudman is in the 1920's when first called upon to hear simply a logical response to a Congress and cases relating to the Act, interpreted the over after the expiration of a license, the municipal preference as applicable across original licensee would be compensated in a budget process that have gotten complete­ the board without reference to the identity an amount equal to its net investment plus ly out of control. Consider the following: of the incumbent licensee. severance damages. The evidence is clear The Congress did not pass a budget reso­ And that- that at that time both Congress and the pri­ lution this year until 2112 months after the vate utility industry considered these two statutory May 15 deadline and just minutes The legislative history removes any provisions adequate to safeguard the legiti­ before the Congressmen were due to ad· shadow of doubt as to what Congress mate interests of private power wanted to happen when relicensing time ar· journ for a 1-month summer vacation. rived. The municipal preference applies to Yet now the private utilities seek to avoid The budget resolution purportedly all relicensing including those involving an the deal they struck. The same private utili­ achieves savings of some $55 billion for incumbent licensee. ties, like the Alabama Power Co. and the fiscal year 1986. But in reality, this figure The Court made clear that- Pacific Gas & Electric Co., which sought to is overstated by some $28 billion because of Ctlhe representatives of the · private utili­ lock up the Nation's water resources in budgetary gimmickry. ties also repeatedly indicated that they un­ perpetuity in 1920 are at it again. The pro­ The fiscal year-which began October derstood the bill to mandate municipal pref­ visions of the Federal Power Act make 1-is now over a month old and, to date, erence in all relicensing proceedings. sense today as they did in 1920. The eco­ only 1 of 13 appropriations bills has made Nevertheless private utilities have been nomic strength of the private utlllties has It through House-Senate conference. When spending their rate-payers' money arguing become increasingly concentrated-from finally finished, 8 of these 13 bills will be over the President's original request. the contrary for at least 7 years. In the approximately 4,000 private utilities in 1920 meantime they continue to hold on to and The Congress has had to pass a continu­ benefit under their existing licenses. These to around 200 today. The act ls not an ing resolution this year to keep the Govern­ private utilities have told Congress that anachronism. ment operating because it could not get its municipalities were never intended to have I suggest to you that we must view in a work done on time. This is the 25th such a preference on relicensing and now we very circumspect manner their arguments resolution passed since 1977. find out how very wrong and misleading and claims of entitlement. To that end, I Now what could be more "irresponsible" they have been. We must therefore examine believe that we can benefit from a careful than that? very critically their claims of adverse rate reading of the Court's opinion in the The solons making the most noise about impacts on their customers which the mu­ Merwin case. Gramm-Rudman are the ones most respon­ nicipalities deny. Municipalities have sible for our deficit. Liberal big spenders, argued to deaf ears that rate impacts, if whose very existence in Congress is due to any; on private utility customers will be the special interests, are in an absolute minimal. They argue further that all con­ pother over the prospect that some special sumers, of public and private utilities alike, interest programs will be slashed or possi- November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30955 bly terminated. It follows that these pols grams so that liberal fat cats can be re­ the continued operation of Rainbow's will be trying every trick in the book, in­ elected term after term by the appreciative American-flag, American-crewed ship. cluding scare tactics, to kill Gramm­ recipients of the liberal's largesse. Mr. Speaker, it is inconceivable to me Rudman. One final note, it has certainly not been that our Government would so easily ellow Bur scare tactics won't fool the American lost on myself or on my colleagues that itself to be pressured and intimidated by people who are tired of runaway govern­ since Gramm-Rudman was first proposed the Icelandic shipping lines and the lcelan· ment spending and want to put a stop to it. the bond market has staged an impressive die Government. It is sheer folly to allow The liberals keep insisting that under rally, reaching a 6-year high. This has led foreign interests to dictate to us how we Gramm-Rudman social programs for the to a surge in stock prices with the Dow must transport the supplies, equipment and poor and elderly would be substantially cut Jones Industrial average breaking 1400. because of the sequestering provision. This property of our Defense Department. These markets are the best indicators of This situation went so far as to result in argument is not true and assumes that future economic activity and to see them Congress will fail to do its job-which do so well in the wake of Gramm-Rudman an administration's determination that the should be enough to get some constituents is convincing evidence that we are on the rates charged by Rainbow Navigation were wondering about the competency of their right track. excessive, even though these rates were representatives. Passing Gramm-Rudman in its original identical to those being charged by the for­ Gramm-Rudman would not become effec­ form is the least we can do for the forgot­ eign lines. The Department of Navy tried to tive unless Congress failed to act in reduc­ ten American-the taxpayer. use this unfounded determination as an ing the deficit to the mandated level or excuse to avoid the requirements of the unless economic circumstances changed. Cargo Preference Act and to allow the Ice­ Thus, the President and Congress are free THE ADMINISTRATION'S POOR landic carriers to regain their monoply. to develop any program of spending cuts RECORD ON PROTECTING OUR Fortunately, last month, the U.S. District that they deem approprate. With Gramm­ MARITIME INDUSTRY Court for the District of Columbia granted Rudman hanging over its head, Congress Rainbow Navigation a partial summary would have a powerful incentive to produce HON.THOMASJ.MANTON judgment against the U.S. Govemment. The a reaonable budget to avoid the sequester­ court found that the Govemment's determi­ ing of funds. But even if Congress cannot OF NEW YORK nation "is based in substantial part upon do its job and a sequester becomes neces­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES impermissible factors and is otherwiae sary, entitlement programs will not be re­ without factual support." duced below existing payments. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Gramm-Rudman merely holds Congress' Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to Mr. Speaker, the court in its opinion cor­ feet to the fire and forces it to make good bring to the attention of the House a rectly stated that the Cargo Preference Act on its countless promises to reduce Govern­ matter which clearly illustrates the failure "is first and only a statute dealgned to pro­ ment spending. of this administration to understand the tect and nurture the American maritime in· Sensing that they are now on the losing importance of a strong American-flag mer­ dustry. It was enacted out of concem that end of the issue, the big spenders in the chant marine to the military and economic the United States might be dependent upon House, led by Speaker "TIP" O'NEILL, security of our Nation. I am referring to foreign shippers to carry mllltary suppliea mounted a counteroffensive and just re­ the plight of Rainbow Navigation, a small during wartime if the United States lacked cently passed a budget balancing measure American-flag shipping company which is a strong national merchant marine." of their own. This is a little bit like W.C. the ongoing victim of unfair and question­ Although the law and its intent are clear, Fields coming out in favor of prohibition. able action by this administration. the administration persists in its efforts to The democractic alternative, unlike Since May, 1984 Rainbow has operated drive Rainbow Navigation from this trade. Gramm-Rudman, contains a long list of one U.S.-flag general cargo vessel between Despite the clear statement from the court, programs exempt from sequesters which Norfolk, VA, and Keflavik, Iceland. It is the administration has filed notice of reads like a who's who of social welfare the only American carrier transporting appeal and is attempting to overturn the programs. What the plan does, however, is military cargo in this trade pursuant to the court's decision, which upholds the Cargo target the defense budget for deeper cuts Cargo Preference Act of 1904. This act pro­ Preference Act and prese"ea the right of and paves the way for a new round of tax vides that all defense cargoes must be this American.flag shipping company to increases. transported by privately owned American participate in the carriage of American de­ But despite their rhetoric, their motives ships. fense cargoes. At the same time, the admin· are obvious. They want to stop the whole For some 20 years prior to the com· lstratlon ls diverting more and more mili­ deficit reduction movement dead in its mencement of Rainbow's operation, this tary moving between Iceland and the tracks. American trade was entirely controlled by Indeed, in a vote taken last Friday, No­ the Icelandic 1hlpplng lines and their for· United States from water transportation to vember 1, over half of the Democrats eign veHels. There wu no American.flag mllltary aircraft. This, Mr. Speaker, is but voting in the House-131-116-voted not to participation In thl1 trade, and none of our another attempt on the part of our admin· consider either Gramm-Rudman or the defense cargoes were being transported on istration to make it economically impo88i· Democratic alternative at all. They just ships manned by U.S. citizen crews loyal to ble for Rainbow Navigation to continue to wished the whole issue would go away. the principle• and objective of the United operate its ship. If it were not so transparent, the liberal's States. It wu for preclaely this reuon-to I strongly urge the administration to end new found fiscal restraint would be truly provide a much-needed meuure of control its efforts against Rainbow Navigation. In­ touching. But alas, their plan is merely the over the tran1port of American defense stead of trying to take cargo away from same old product, tax increases and a cargoes-that Rainbow chartered a ve11el American ships, our Govemment should by slashed defense budget, in a new package. from the Maritime Admlnl1tratlon and its words and actions encourage the growth It therefore does not dese"e serious con­ commenced operatlon1. of this and other new maritime venturea sideration and I was heartened to see the It i1 natural to expect the foreign ship­ which wish to ply the world's oceans with Senate refuse to even consider the measure. ping llnea who 101t their monoply and their vessels flying our flag and crewed with our By attaching Gramm-Rudman to an im­ advocates In Iceland to protest the entry of citizens. portant piece of legislation-the debt ceil­ Rainbow Into this trade. What wu not ex­ ing--conse"atives have forced the big pected by Rainbow, or anyone else con· spenders to deal with a problem they would cemed about the maritime capablllty of otherwise have avoided. The American our country, la that our State Department people are sick and tired of seeing their and our Defenae Department would become hard-earned tax dollars squandered on spe­ the most vocal supporters of the foreign cial interest and corporate welfare pro- shipping lines and the greateat threats to 30956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 INTELLIGENCE major regional dispute. The U.S. and Soviet NATIONAL LEAGUE OF CITIES struggle for influence in the Third World ENDORSES H.R. 1616, THE will continue for the foreseeable future. No LABOR-MANAGEMENT NOTIFI­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON summit or agreements on a "code of con­ OF INDIANA CATION AND CONSULTATION duct" can change this. ACT OF 1985 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bilateral relations are an area where some Wednesday, November 6, 1985 progress might occur. The two sides are close to agreement on the renewal of official HON. WILLIAM D. FORD Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would cultural exchanges, which would include like to insert my Washington Report for academic exchanges, travelling exhibitions, OF MICHIGAN Wednesday, November 6, 1985, into the and theater and dance group tours. Under IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: this agreement, the U.S. is seeking an ex­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 THE SUMMIT change of television programming, including Americans are alternately hopeful, fear­ an annual exchange of addresses by the Mr. FORD of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I ful, confused, anxious or bored as the world heads of government. To date, the Soviets would like to bring to my colleagues' atten­ and the media prepared for the Reagan­ have resisted this, and we have resisted tion a letter I received from the National Gorbachev Summit in Geneva on November Soviet efforts to extract a pledge to prevent League of Cities in support of H.R. 1616, 19-20, 1985. Both the U.S. and the Soviet defections. These differences can be re­ the Labor-Management Notification and leadership are engaged in a sophisticated solved, according to U.S. negotiators. In ad­ Consultation Act of 1985. The letter makes public relations battle as they prepare for dition, the recent conclusion of an agree­ several points about H.R. 1616 that deserve the Geneva meeting. Mikhail Gorbachev's ment on aviation safety in the northern Pa­ special emphasis. interview in Time magazine, the presenta­ cific is an important step which can open tion of the Soviets' proposed 50 percent cut the way to the resumption of negotiations First, the problems of worker dislocation in strategic arms, his visit to Paris, and his on Aeroflot's U.S. landing rights, and and plant closings are national problems of separate proposals to the French and Brit­ progress in discussions on an exchange of enormous proportions, which affect every ish on nuclear weapons in Europe are evi­ consulates in New York and Kiev. Agree­ region of the country. dence of bold efforts to sway western public ments on these issues by the time of the Second, the measures proposed in H.R. opinion. The U.S. similarly has tried to summit are possible, and would serve both 1616 are modest and reasonable, will not shape public opinion. It insists that the U.S. Reagan's and Gorbackev's interest in having burden responsible employers, and have Strategic Defense Initiative is a re­ some tangible signs of the summit's success. search program permitted by the Anti-Bal­ been examined in great detail for more listic Missile treaty, that the Soviets The U.S. will surely raise the subject of than a decade. House consideration of H.R. have their own SDI program, and that the human rights, but if the past is any guide, 1616 should not be delayed. Soviet proposal for a 50 percent cut in stra­ Gorbachev will listen with a deaf ear or Third, at a time when Congress and the tegic weapons, while a beginning, heavily trump up charges of U.S. violations. The President have slashed spending for the favors the Soviets when the fine print is ex­ Soviet Union has some appreciation of the Job Training Partership Act Title III Dislo­ amined. depth of feeling about human rights in U.S. public opinion, and a positive Soviet gesture cated Worker Program by more than one­ Each side is seeking to use the summit for half, H.R. 1616 is more necessary than ever. its own purposes. The Soviets want to un­ on the emigration of Soviet Jewry or on dermine allied and public support for the some of the well-known human rights cases Without creating a new bureaucracy or any SDI. The U.S. wants to portray its own pro­ would make a large impact here. However, new spending, H.R. 1616's notice and con­ posals as reasonable and show that it is Gorbachev will not make any gesture that sultation provisions will provide important dedicated to improved relations. At the looks like a concession under U.S. pressure, benefits for workers and communities same time, to avoid public disappointment particularly at a summit the whole world facing the threat of plant closures and afterward it is playing down the prospects will be watching. mass layoffs. H.R. 1616 has the potential of for results. The summit will have been another saving hundreds of million of dollars each What can we expect from the summit? missed opportunity if its only achievement year in unemployment compensation and The U.S. has said its agenda for the summit is the signature of modest bilateral agree­ other government transfer payments. is arms control, regional issues, bilateral ments. Reagan's real opportunity at the issues and human rights. My impression is Mr. Speaker, I greatly appreciate the that major agreements are not likely. summit is not to reach an arms control strong support of the National League of On arms control, the most important agreement-positions are simply too far Cities for H.R. 1616. I trust that the en­ result would be if the U.S. and the Soviet apart and the negotiations are not far dorsement of the mayors and other elected enough along at this time-but to help Union achieved some agreement in principle municipal officials who make up the Na­ on a trade-off between deep cuts in strategic create a political climate in which arms con­ trol can go forward. Energizing bureaucra­ tionial League of Cities, and who find nuclear arms and limits on SDI. This out­ themselves on the front line in fighting to come is unlikely. In the President's view, cies and giving momentum to the arms con­ SDI is a research project vital to U.S. inter­ trol process may be the best achievable re­ protect the stability of our communities, ests. and limits on research are unverifiable sults. At the summit itself, we should expect will be highly influential. in any case. Unless and until the Soviet Reagan and Gorbachev to signal that arms The letter follows: arms control proposal is clarified and made control is at the top of their agendas. This NATIONAL LEAGUE OP CITIES, more attractive, those voices in the U.S. in­ signal should include a reaffirmation of Washington, DC, November 4, 1985. terested trading SDI for deep cuts will face SALT II and the ABM treaty, and a commit­ Representative WILLIAM D. FORD, an uphill struggle and will lack the support ment to resolve difficult compliance ques­ Chairman, House Committee on Post Office of public opinion to press their case success­ tions, such as the Soviet construction of a and Civil Service, Cannon House Office fully. An impasse on such an arms control large new radar site at Krasnoyarsk and the Building, Washington, DC. trade-off is likely at the summit. Flexibility relationship of SDI to the ABM treaty. DEAR CHAIRMAN FORD: This letter comes in will probably have to await further probing Finally, an important outcome of this strong support of H.R. 1616, the Labor-Man­ in Geneva and tough decisions by both lead­ summit would be an agreement to regular­ agement Notification and Consultation Act ers. The Administration itself is deeply di­ ize, and thereby demystify, summitry. It has of 1985. We ask that this letter and the at­ vided on the next step in these negotiations. been far too long between such meetings. tached National League of Cities Human On regional issues, Reagan and Gorba­ Meetings between U.S. and Soviet high offi­ Development Steering Committee resolu­ chev will use the summit to air their differ­ tion in support of H.R. 1616 be included in ences on Afghanistan, Cambodia, southern cials should be routine and frequent, there­ the Congressional Record. Africa, the Middle East and Central Amer­ by enabling our leaders to know each other H.R. 1616 represents a critically important ica. This will be a continuation of low-level better, tackle differences and avoid the first-step necessary to assist cities in dealing U.S.-Soviet discussions earlier this year. tendency of such meetings to become media with the problems of worker dislocation Such an exchange of views is important so events. caused by plant closings. The enormity of that we understand each other's regional in­ the plant closing problem today and its terests, policies and intentions, and thus effect upon both the workers involved and reduce the risks of miscalculation. However, the cities in which these industries are there is unlikely to be progress in narrowing based demands the very type of action the wide difference between the two in any which this legislation initiates. November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30957 As you are certainly aware, the number of sponsors of this legislation and heartily en­ injure the back. Certain ways of managing workers impacted by plant closings over the dorse its passage by the House. stress can reduce strain on the back, and past six years has taken on frighteningly Sincerely, proper nutrition appears to bring relief in dramatic proportions. ALAN BEALS, Between 1979 and 1984, nearly 11.5 mil­ Executive Director. certain individuals. lion American workers were displaced or I believe that National Back Awareness "dislocated" from jobs primarily in manu­ RESOLUTION-PLANT CLOSING LEGISLATION Week can be an important step toward facturing industries. For each of these jobs, consciousness. We need to mobilize those ed industries in the general economy. Whereas, the U.S. economy has lost 11.5 interested in back disorders, in order to Additional findings indicate that closings million jobs in the manufacturing sector be­ educate the public and the health care com­ were not isolated to one region of the coun­ tween 1979 and 1984 alone; and try, but occured everywhere, with the states Whereas, many of these job losses have munity as to the seriousness of back prob­ in the East North Central, South Atlantic, resulted from plant closings and large-scale lems. Orthopedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, and Pacific regions hit the hardest. Of dis­ layoffs of which little or no advance notice physical therapists, radiologists, chiroprac­ placed adults who had worked at least three was provided to workers and local govern­ tors, exercise physiologists, neurologists, years at their jobs, the Labor Department ment officials; and nurses-these are but a few of the profes­ found that one-fourth were unable to find a Whereas, the consequences of abrupt clos­ ings and layoffs are often catastrophic for sions for whom care of the back is an im­ new job. Older persons, women, and minori­ portant concern. By enacting National ties had the greatest difficulty gaining new workers and their communities; and jobs. Of those dislocated workers who found Whereas, the best prospects for prevent­ Back Awareness Week, we will be able to work, 45 percent earned less than at their ing or ameliorating problems brought about provide these persons and their patients­ by economic dislocation are afforded and all other interested persons-informa­ old jobs. through advance notice of closings or lay­ Figures which you yourself have cited offs to workers and local officials; Now, tion relative to the treatment, prevention, compiled by the Brookings Institution show therefore, be it and control of disorders associated with that the nation as a whole replaced only Resolved that the National League or the back. nine manufacturing jobs for each ten lost in Cities go on record in support of H.R. 1616 I would like to thank Dr. David Lehr­ plant closings at large manufacturing firms Rabbi and Mrs. Pressman on rary legislation expires),. do not adequately IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the occassion of his retirement. I further address the inequity of treating Members Wednesday, November 6, 1985 ask that the leadership and Members of the differently from other Federal employees. House of Representatives join me in wish­ When Members may leave Congress after 6 Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would like ing these extraordinary Americans good to ask you and our distinguished colleagues or 8 years of service with years of money­ health and many years of continued contri­ earning capacity ahead of them, change is to join me in saluting two outstanding Los butions to our community and our Nation. Angeles leaders, Rabbi Jacob and Marjorie in order. Although I have pledged not to Pressman. participate in any publicly funded pension On December 9, 1985, a gala banquet will CONGRESSIONAL RETIREMENT plan as a legislator, I am not advocating be held to mark Rabbi Jacob Pressman's REFORM ACT OF 1985 that congressional pensions be eliminated retirement as spiritual leader of Temple altogether. Rather, I only ask that this leg­ Beth Am. Rabbi Pressman has held the HON. HOWARD COBLE islative body be treated neither better nor pulpit of this distinguished congregation OF NORTH CAROLINA worse than other Federal workers. This is for 35 years. During that period, Rabbi IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the least that we can do to help reduce Fed­ Pressman built Temple Beth Am into one eral spending, the true cause of our current Wednesday, November 6, 1985 of the largest and most dynamic conserva­ economic woes. tive temples in the United States. Mr. COBLE. Mr. Speaker, today I am in· Rabbi Pressman has been a leader in nu­ troducing legislation which will correct a merous projects. Yet, his work has never longstanding affront to the taxpayers of HAPPY BIRTHDAY-JANE lacked focus. His first concern has always this country: the congressional pension McKASKLE MURPHY been with our youth. He established and system. My bill, the "Congressional Retire­ actively guided the Herzl schools and the ment Reform Act of 1985,'' will not only Beth Am Academy. He served not only the save the taxpayers money, it will restore HON. SALA BURTON Jewish community but the larger communi­ some credibility to this legislative body as OF CALIFORNIA ty as well by establishing the Beverly Hills we set about the urgent task of reducing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Maple Center-a guidance center designed the deficits by cutting Federal spending. to help young people and their families. When congressional pensions started in Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Rabbi Pressman's influence has been felt 1946, the actuary who prepared the plan Mrs. BURTON of California. Mr. Speak­ far beyond the Los Angeles and Beverly testified: "[We] went overboard in our rec­ er, I want to pay tribute today to a distin­ Hills communities. In Israel, Rabbi Jacob ommendations here giving a preferential guished San Franciscan, Mrs. Jane McKas­ Pressman is revered as one of Israel's treatment to you folks relative to retire· kle Murphy. Monday, November 11 will be staunchest, most articulate, and most effec­ ment, departing from all actuarial princi· her 75th birthday. tive friends in the entire American rabbin­ pies." The Grace Commission has revealed Jane McKaskle Murphy has been one of ate. Under Rabbi Pressman's dynamic lead­ that the current system offers between two San Francisco's outstanding citizens for ership, Temple Beth Am has risen to the and four times the benefits afforded par· nearly four decades. For 21 years, she was No. 1 position nationally in support of ticipants in private sector plans. Presently, area director of the California Department State of Israel bonds. some former Members earn more in retire­ of Social Welfare, supervising the 16 north­ Despite the enormous burdens of guiding ment than they did as active Members. ern California welfare departments. She a huge congregation, Rabbi Pressman has Moreover, the current pension formula is served on San Francisco's Police Commis­ served in leadership positions in virtually so much better than that of all other Feder­ sion for two 4-year terms, including a term every rabbinical organization-from the al employees that former Members draw as vice-president of the commission. local Board of Rabbis of Southern Califor­ about one-third larger annual pensions Mrs. Murphy is a past president of the nia to the national rabbinical assembly. than civil servants with the same pay and Democratic Women's Forum, currently Marjorie Pressman has amazingly car­ time in service-even Cabinet Secretaries. ried the considerable burdens of "first These and other data revealed by leading serving on its executive board. She is a lady" of Temple Beth Am and also virgor­ pension expert and legal scholar Roy member of the League of Women Voters, ously and successfully pursued many inter· Schotland highlight the need to act and act the Pacific Heights Neighborhood Council, ests of her own. now-before temporary regulations govern· and the Union Square Business and Profes­ This remarkable woman used her talents ing the system expire at the end of the sional Women's Club. Her many awards in­ as an administrator and an organizer to year. clude the Woman of Achievement Award bring together a multifaceted event at Mr. Speaker, my bill is simple: it will for the Business and Professional Womens' Temple Beth Am called Israel Expo West. treat Members no differently than other Club, Certificate of Appreciation from Casa Attendance topped 50,000. civil servants for retirement purposes. de los Madras, first recipient of the Doro­ The same talents Mrs. Pressman brought More specifically, the law which governs thy Langston Human Rights Award and to her temple and Jewish community ac­ contributions, periods of service, and meth· Lifetime Achievement Award from the tivities, she has now brought to the world ods of computing annuities for other par· Legal Assistance to the Elderly. Her of commerce and enterprise. Mrs. Press· ticipants in the Civil Service Retirement achievements have been recognized in man may be the only rebbitzen (rabbi's System will also apply to Members. Howev­ "Who's Who in American Women" and wife) to serve as a vice president and direc· er, anyone with 10 or more years of "Who's Who in the West." tor of a savings and loan. Mrs. Pressman Member service will be grandfathered in She has been an active Democrat, includ­ holds those positions with Unity Savings under the old system. Additionally, those ing working with the Host Committee for and Loan Association which she helped Members with at least 5 years of service the Democratic Convention last year. I found. will receive "credit" for those years (not to have known Jane for many years and I am Such diverse organi:c:ations as the Ameri· exceed 10), but thereafter will fall under delighted, in this way, to wish her happy can Youth Symphony, the Women's League the new system. Anyone with fewer than 5 birthday! 30962 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 EVELYN R. BURNS: A TRIBUTE surance, Cash Relief, and Emergency look down or up from wherever we are in Work" and another on "Significant Phases recornition of what individuals like Eve HON. BARBARA A. MIKU~KI of Foreign Experience." Bums tried to build for social justice. OF MARYLAND Then she entered into a period of writing When we think of Eveline Bums, there is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and teaching on Social Security which had love in our hearts, affection on our lips. ad­ far-reaching influences. miration in our mind, a tear in our eyes, a Wednesday, November 6, 1985 Her major books and reports cover the throb in our throats. Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I would entire formative period of Social Security: For those of you who are younger and like to include for the RECORD the follow­ 1936, 1942, 1949, 1956, 1968, and 1973. Her active, not only should you remember Eve, ing statement by Wilber J. Cohen, former students reached out along the length and but follow the path she showed us. Secretary of Health, Education and Wel­ breadth of the Nation. She would say: fare, on Tuesday, October 29, 1985, at Co­ Today we convene to celebrate the stimu­ Do not be of little faith. lumbia University in New York City: lating contributions of one of the great Think big when big steps are pouible. There were giants on the Earth in those teachers of Social Security in academia Think small when small steps are feasi- anxious and uncertain days 50 years ago. who transformed the dull, dry, statutory ble. They stood tall and could see far in the dis­ verbiage into understandable concepts, who But like Eve, reach with one hand for the tance, beyond the horizon. They saw far put meaning into the fragmentation, and stars; keep the other to fend off those who beyond 50 years, into another century. synthesis into the compartmentalization of do not treasure the great heritage and hard They realized that they should not build the categories. She wrote and talked with work of those who have gone before us. merely for the present but that they must the enthusiasm of the social reformer; she The memory of Eveline Bums should also build for the longer run future. could analyze and criticize but with the ob­ carry us forward another 50 years. They were dreamers and visionaries but jectivity of a friend; she could welcome the with a plan; they were social architects who student to the cathedral of learning and could envision the idea in their mind's eye also stimulate the learner into a life of THE CLINIC and transform it into an institutional cre­ social activism or social research. ation. Some could defend the idea with I had the good fortune to have known HON. VIC FAZIO simplicity; others saw it from a standpoint Eve Burns for 51 years under many differ­ OF CALIFORNIA of complexity. ent conditions. I grew up under her intel­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Some could spell out the specifications of lectual stimulation and needling. I admired a detailed plan. Another could draft them her and enjoyed her as a colleague and Wednesday, November 6, 1985 into the artistry of legislative language. friend. Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I had Others could develop an ingenious line of She became a little band of brothers and the special pleasure of meeting Ms. Tyne reasoning which would sustain the consti­ sisters warding off the blindness of the Daly, the gifted and articulate actreu who tutionality of the idea. Others could ex­ econometricians, the simplistic advocates plays Detective Mary Beth Lacey in the plain the idea and the plan to congression­ of the marketplace and the bottom line, Emmy Award winning CBS television al committees. and perfectionists who were never satisfied series "Cagney and Lacy." M1. Daly wu In They were innovative men and women: with incremental improvements. Washington, DC, to attend a reception In Labor economists, social reformers, repre­ We had studied the rigors of the dismal her honor hosted by me, the National Abor­ sentatives of labor, business, and the science. They could even add the trust tion Rights Action League and Repreaenta­ public. They were creative thinkers and funds to the Federal administrative budget tives LES AUCOIN, BARBARA BoXER, DoN writers, teachers and researchers. to find the total without the necessity of EDWARDS, BILL GREEN, NANCY JOHNSON, But they were also giants. creating the Federal unified budget. Yet, LYNN MARTIN, JAN MEYERS, CLAUDINE Much had gone before which had come they never forgot that compassion could be SCHNEIDER, PAT SCHROEDER, LoUIS t-0 be significant influences in the brains of included in the budget. STOKES, and HENRY WAXMAN. men and women as widely separated as They never forgot the weak while others During the reception we previewed New York; California; Madison, WI; Chica­ were exalting only the strong and the afOu­ scenes from an upcoming episode of the go; and Princeton, NJ. ent. television series, airing on the evening of There was Bismark in the 1880's, and But still they drew a wide circle in which November 11, that will have particular sig­ John Graham Brooks in 1893; to include others. nificance for those of u1 who believe Prof. Henry Seager of Columbia Univer­ In this 50th anniversary year of Social strongly in reproductive rights and freedom sity in 1907 and 1910. Security, we celebrate those who have gone of choice. There was John R. Commons in Madison before us and those who are stlll here. The episode, entitled "The Clinic," deals in 1906, 1910, and in 1919 joined by Arthur Eve Burns wu one of the 50 or so staff with a fictional but unfortunately all-too­ J. Altmeyer: persons who in the fall of 1934 participated reali1tic bombing of a family planning J.M. Rubinow in 1913 and 1934. in the 4 months of research and develop­ clinic in New York City. Al the plot pro­ Abraham Epstein in 1922, 1928, and 1933. ment which led to the far·reachlnr Social rreues. Detective Lacy reveals her own Prof. Barbara Nachtrieb Armstrong from Security Act of 1935. Of course the role of very personal concern for a woman's right Berkeley in 1932. And Murray Latimer and Frances Perkins, Harry Hopkins, Henry to choose by disclosing that she herself had Prof. Paul Douglas from the University of Morgenthau, Arthur J. Altmeyer, Edwin E. an abortion when she wu 19. Lacy's part­ Chicage the same year. Witte, Paul Rauschenbu1h, Murray Latl· ner, Detective Christine Cagney (Sharon There were many others who pioneered mer, Tom Eliot, Katherine Lenroot, Grace Gle11), Initially hu mixed feelings about in the intellectual development of the ideas, Abbott, and many othen, were preeminent. abortion but eventually decides that she concepts and programs: John B. Andrews, There were othen whose word• and voices too favon reproductive choice. Harold Groves, Elizabeth Brandeis, Paul had helped pave the way: Prof. Henry The violence being committee against Rauschenbush, Edwin E. Witte, Merrill G. Seager of Columbia Unlvenlty, J.M. Rl· family planning clinics in this country is Murray. binow, Abraham Ep1teln, Prof. John R. deplorable and indefensible. "The Clinic" Eve Burns followed in this great tradi­ Commons and Prof. Barbara Nachtrieb deals reall1tically with these apalling acts tion of pioneers, intellectuals, and giants Armstrong. while providing a balanced presentation of who carried into effect the contribution of Until lut year there were nine of us left the broader luue of reproductive rights by all intellectuals that-"ldeas are weapons." from that 1934 rroup. Today there are only lncludlnr both procholce and antichoice Eveline Burns contributed her ideas to six left. characters. It clearly 1how1 that this con· the Committee on Economic Security in On behalf of us sturdy six can I uk trovenlal and very misunderstood i11ue 1934. someone here that on the pu1ln1 of the can be dealt with responsibly and sensitive­ She prepared a special report on "The In­ Jut of us to convene a full-scale aemlnar ly by the popular media; but moreover, the tegrated Treatment of Unemployment In- on the future of Social Security so we may episode underscores the importance of our November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30963 role in defending a woman's basic right to March 25, 19'19, iuue of Parade magazine war's end, he was liberated by advancing reproductive freedom. and eloquently tells the story of William U.S. forces. He returned home to a life of I commend the show's production compa­ James Tsakanikas. pain, ctrOpped his tongue-twisting last name and died as Will James on June 2'1, 1977. He ny, Orion Television as well as Executive Finally, Mr. Speaker, this Sunday, the now lies in Arlington National Cemetery, an Producer Barney Rosenzweig, Tyne Daly town of Port Chester, where William lived unremembered hero-but not to the 17 men and Sharon Gless for their excellent work for several years, will have a dedication who fought by his side or to the wife who on behalf of every woman's right to choose. ceremony for the William James Tsakani­ witnessed the agony of 36 operations to re­ kas Memorial Gateway Park. I am honored construct his face. to be named as the main speaker at this "Whatever he did in the war," she told us. WILLIAM JAMF.s TSAKANIKAS: event, but more importantly, this dedica­ "I knew my husband as a hero all of his life. UNSUNG AMERICAN HERO tion will mean that the memory of a truly He didn't talk about what happened that great American will live on. day until a little while before he died. But for me and my sons, he showed his heroism HON. JOSEPH J. DioGUARDI WHY PRlvATE TSAKAKIKAS SHOULD Orr THE to us every day that he lived." OF NEW YORK MEDAL 01' HO!fOR Seeking to make belated amends, Rep. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Richard Ottinger CD., N.Y.> will introduce a Wednesday, November 6, 1985 The Lanzerath Incident should have gone bill this week authorizing President Carter down as one of the most valorous and pivot­ to award Will James a posthumous Medal of Mr. DIOGUARDI. Mr. Speaker, I rise al actions of World War II. It was omitted Honor "for valorous acts performed at the today to honor an American hero. Not from the histories because no one returned risk of his life above and beyond the call of many people in our country have heard of to tell the story until the war was over. Yet duty." The proposal has already encoun­ William James Tsakanikas and his name is for an eternity of 18 hours, 18 stubborn tered resistance from the Anny bureaucrat.a Americans halted an entire column of behind their red-tape entanglement.a. They not recorded in many history books, but German panzers, paratroopers and SS have noted stiffly that "the public law cov­ those who knew him and those who fought troops. ering retroactive awards prohibit.a us from alongside of him in World War II know The GI's were ordered to hold a slope considering a recommendation for an award that this brave and courageous individual overlooking a strategic crossroads at a Bel­ unless there is conclusive evidence that a helped to prevent a potentially disastrous gian village called Lanzerath. Bullets formal recommendation for the award was course of history. whined around their heads, and artillery entered into official military channels The Battle of the Bulge is a famous and shells ravaged the landscape. Their hillside within two years of the act or service. . . ." well-documented moment in World War II, was a hell of gunfire and shrapnel. Yet they It would have been a bit difficult to meet but a far greater battle occurred before this fought back, hugging the sides of their fox­ the two-year deadline. Regimental head­ holes, until their guns burned up or ran out quarters believed the platoon had been one; a battle that made this victory possi­ of ammunition. wiped out, and those who knew the story ble. On the morning of December 16, 1H4, When the Germans at last overrun the po­ had been dispersed to German prison Adolf Hitler's Nazi Army began its Ar­ sition, they pulled the grimy GI's bodily camps. When they last saw James, he dennes offensive. The only thing that stood from their foxholes. Their lieutenant, Lyle seemed unlikely to recover. between the forces of the Third Reich and J. Bouck Jr., described the end tersely. "We We tracked down Lyle J. Bouck in St. the unsuspecting 99th Division of Allied never surrendered," he said. "We were cap­ Louis, where he is now a chiropractor. He forces were 18 American soldiers of the in­ tured." On the American side, miraculously, helped us get the story from other members telligence and reconnaissance platoon en­ only two died in the firefight, although of his World War II unit. From their ac­ many were shot up badly. The German toll: counts, we have pulled together the details trenched in the Belgian village of Lanzer­ an incredible 509 casualties. of that day of courage. ath. Had the German Army been able to Those few forgotten heroes disrupted the It began before dawn on the bitter-cold proceed toward the Bulge uncontested, that timetable and blunted the surprise of a Nazi morning of Dec. 16, 1944. The platoon had battle would have been lost and Hitler's strike through the snow-sheeted Ardennes. been handpicked to serve as the eyes and Germany would have gained new life in the Had they not held the crossroads for that ears of the regiment. Almoet all of them war. long December day, the Germans would had college and athletic backgrounds. But Miraculously, these 18 American soldiers have caught the untested 99th Division off their role had never been combat; they were were able to hold off the advancing balance and might have won the Battle of an intelligence and reconnal.ssance platoon. the Bulge. But they had been ordered to fill a gap in German troops for 18 hours. During the Writing from retirement, MaJ. Gen. the front line. They settled into foxholes course of fighting, only 2 Americans were Walter Lauer, the division commander, has overlooking Lanzerath's eight or nine frame killed; the Germans suffered 509 casualties. declared: "Had we failed, there would have houses and a stretch of road leading to the Finally, the German troops overran the been no Bastogne, and the entire complex· strategic fork. One prong led llke an arrow badly wounded and bloodied Americans ion of the war could have chanaed most to the Meuse and the rear of their division. and captured them. However, the American drastically," He pve all the credit to his Beyond was the vital supply port of Ant­ stand bought the 99th Division enough time men. "Their heroism haa been unaurpaaaed werp on which Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower to prepare for the German offensive and in history. I know it. Many of our soldiers and his armies depended. know it. The German soldiers who met At precisely 4:40 on the fateful morntna led to ultimate victory. them know it. God knows it." the men of the I&R platoon were Jarred by The youngest member of that valiant This epic stand of 18 men aptnat over· the thunder and crash of a massive artillery group was 19-year-old William James Tsa­ whelmina' German mtrht hu rone unrecor· barrare. The eround literally shook under kanikas. Severely wounded, he was saved nized by the Pentaron for 85 years. Not a their feet. by a German doctor. In spite of intense medal has ever been awarded the enltated They had no way of knowing that they pain due to 36 operations performed on his men for their extraordinary bravery. Only had rinpide seat.a to the opening of Adolf face, which was severely damaged in fight· the lieutenant received an unaourht Silver Hitler's Ardennes offensive. He sought to ing, he lived a life dedicated to improving Star that came to him without explanation encircle the American divisions in the Bulge throu1h the mail in 1985-21 years late. and seize Antwerp. Nor did they know that his community and the lives of others until Every member of the forrotten platoon they stood in the path of one of the spear­ his death in 1977. deserves a medal. But 1f one soldier symbol­ heads of the Nazi assault. In 1979, the President signed into law a izes the heroism of that lutadttch stand, it Durtnr the next 18 hours, they would foul bill that would posthumously award Wil­ would be PFC William James Taakanikaa, up the mJaaion of a special panzer SS unit liam the Congressional Medal of Honor, known to the others simply u "Sak." At 19, under Lt. Col. Joachim Peiper, who, furious the highest military award that can be re­ he was the younrest of them-an aarreaatve, over havtnr his offensive stalled, later or­ ceived. Unfortunately, this medal was never gunr-ho QI who volunteered for all the dered the execution of 71 American prison­ awarded by President Carter and I am now tou1h miaaiona. It took a German burp l\lll, ers at Malmedy. fired point-blank into hta face, to put him The entrenched platoon survived the two­ attempting to have President Reagan issue out of action. hour artUlery baptism without casualties. It this long-overdue honor. At this time, Mr. Somehow the younr soldier wu saved by wu followed by an ominous silence in the Speaker, I would like to include in the a German military doctor. Sak recuperated fields and woods around them. Minutes RECORD an article written by columnist in a German prison hoepit&l, made a break later, Bouck and James in the forward fox­ Jack Anderson, which appeared in the for freedom but was recaptured. Near the hole were appalled to see their closest sup- 30964 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 port, a tank destroyer company about a mile I reached his position and before I could get brown-haired West Virginia girl. They were away, beat a retreat toward the rear. Jeered into the hole with him," Slape recounted, married in 1948 after his graduation from James: "They might at least wave goodbye "two Germans opened up on me from about the University of Pennsylvania. Characteris­ as they leave." 50 yards. I got one of them and my carbine tically, he was on the track and wrestling From the regiment came anxious instruc­ jammed-it was so hot I could barely hold teams. Then he enrolled in Cornell Law tions to scout out the situation east of Lan­ it-so I threw it at the other German and School and eventually took his family to zerath. Four men-Bouck, James, Sgt. Bill dived into the bunker. I got him with a Port Chester. Slape and Pvt. John Cregar-crept in a rifle." Will James is remembered in Port Chester ditch toward the village and sprinted the The firefight was ferocious. The three as a model citizen who was active in commu­ last lap to the second floor of a house that behind the woodpile ran out of ammunition nity affairs, youth work, church activities had served as an observation post. They sur­ and were captured trying to make their way and politics. He served for 16 months as Rye prised a civilian talking German over a tele­ back to the platoon. Some Americans were Town Republican chairman. But only a few phone; he had the look of a fifth columnist wounded but continued to fight, in Slape's knew he was in constant pain from his war caught in the act. words, "like tigers." Two newcomers, Pvt. wounds. In June 1977 he returned home James whipped out his bayonet and forced Cliff Fanscher and an unidentified GI from from his 36th operation, still in agony. A the stranger to drop the telephone. But another unit, were killed in the action. few days later, he was found dead in his Bouck had no stomach for a civilian execu­ The Germans again were driven off, but bedroom. tion. They let the suspected spy go, and he ammunition was running low. Bouck turned In his St. Louis office, Bouck reflected on scurried down the stairs. From their van­ to James in their bunker. "My orders are to the furious battle that helped stop the 1944 tage point, the four Americans saw rolling hold the hill at all costs," said the lieuten­ Nazi offensive. He endorsed Representative toward them a German column in full ant. "But you take off with as many of the Ottinger's effort to get a Medal of Honor battle array. Leaving the other two to keep men that want to go," James shook his head for James: "I'd like to see Will James get watch, Bouck and James raced back to their fiercely. "Lieutenant," he said, "you stay, every possible honor he has coming to him. foxholes. The lieutenant radioed headquar­ we all stay." They turned to meet the He spent a lifetime of mental torture and ters the news that a massive attack was on fourth attack, which they met furiously, ac­ physical agony." the way. His superiors were skeptical. cording to Slape, "even up to eyeball-to-eye­ He had one more thing to say about the "Damn it," exploded Bouck "don't tell me ball contact." unheralded Lanzerath Incident: "I think what I can see! We've got 20-20 vision here! The end came for Bouck and James in a every man who was there is entitled to a There's a whole column of Krauts coming horrific lightning flash. A German burp gun medal, red tape or no red tape." up that road!" was poked into the rifle slit of their make­ His demand for artillery fire on the road shift bunker and fired directly in James's into Lazerath went unheeded. Meanwhile face. The blast tore out his eyeball and most CONGRESSIONAL TRIBUTE TO he received an urgent call from the two men of his right jaw. TEMPLE BETH EL in the observation post; they reported the Bleeding from a bullet wound in his leg, Germans were already occupying the floor Bouck helped a German medic carry James beneath them. Three men-Cpl. Aubrey down the slope past the German dead HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON McGehee, PFC Jordan "Pop" Robinson and toward Lanzerath. OF CALIFORNIA Pvt. Jim Silvola-were sent to aid the About 10 p.m., an incensed officer wearing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trapped pair. But Slape and Cregar man­ the death insignia of the SS, strode into the aged to sneak unnoticed through a rear, village cafe where Bouck and James had Wednesday, November 6, 1985 second story window. In racing to safety been deposited. The officer was in a rage. Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to across the icy road, Slape became the first He demanded to know why a "battalion" of pay tribute to Temple Beth El of San casualty of the battle. He slipped and broke Americans had cost him a day. He shouted Pedro, CA, on the occasion of its dedica­ two ribs. that his troops had spent the time milling All too soon, the Germans appeared uselessly around when they should have tion on November 10, 1985, of a new school below, marching steadily on each side of the been driving toward their objective. and administrative building and of the ren­ road, their weapons slung over their shoul­ The enraged Nazi was Lt. Col. Peiper. He ovated sanctuary-social hall complex. ders. Bouck ordered his men to hold their never noticed that only a few feet away lay Temple Beth El has been an important fire until the first command vehicle ap­ the 20-year-old lieutenant and the savagely and integral part of the San Pedro reli­ peared. But at the last minute, a small girl wounded James who, with 16 other Gl's, gious community for well over 60 years. ran out of a house and pointed to their loca­ had stopped Peiper's elite battalion. Beth El. That year, the congregation had 10 vantage of an ambush was lost, but the After Peiper stormed out, Bouck succeed­ directors and the religious school had 20 Americans were so well hidden on the snow ed in getting medical attention for James students. The congregation later changed covered slope that the Germans were from a German doctor who praised the its name to San Pedro Jewish Community unable to pinpoint their location. American's bravery. Then Bouck was led Center Association. From the forward position, James fired off, leaving James apparently dying behind. On March 18, 1956, the congregation bursts from his grease gun. Slape manned The lieutenant heard a black wooden coun­ moved its Torah, the scrolls of law, to its the mounted machine gun on the jeep with try clock in the tavern chiming midnight deadly effect. From other foxholes, platoon and realized that he had reached his 21st present location. At this time they also members such as Risto Milosevich, Lou birthday with only one gift-the red badge completed a social hall, which served as the Kalil and Bill Dustman laid down lethal of courage. sanctuary, classrooms, offices, and a kitch­ automatic rifle fire. This same clock now hangs in the living en. In 1959, the congregation became a Separated from the outfit, Robinson, room of the modest Port Chester, N.Y., Reform temple and changed its name to McGehee and Silvola took shelter behind a home where James and his wife, Lucille, Temple Beth El and Center. pile of cut timber and opened fire from an­ raised their four sons. Her husband went On September 10, 1966, Temple Beth El other direction. The attacking Germans fell back to Lanzerath a few years before his back, their ranks deciminated, leaving their death and returned triumphantly with the dedicated a new sanctuary. The congrega­ dead and wounded on the battlefield. clock. tion has continued with these facilities to After a second repulse, a team of Germans The widow, sitting proud and erect, took this day. On November 10, 1985, however, approched waving a white flag. They sought up the story after Bouck's departure. James their facilities will once again expand. a cease-fire so their medics could attend the was moved to a prisoner depot, she said Temple Beth El has grown in its 63 years wounded. Someone on the American side let where other German doctors did their best from a congregation of 25 families to a go a defiant round of rile fire at the feet of under rudimentary war conditions to repair congregation of 380 families, and the the Germans. This angered Bouck, who his face. En route, a Nazi soldier stole his school has grown from a student body of agreed to the cease-fire. shoes, remarking, "Amerikanischer, you 20 to 200 students. In a short statement like The third German attack began in the won't need these anymore." early afternoon. Heavy small-arms fire She told about James's escape, recapture this it is hard to summarize the contribu­ knocked out Slape's machine gun on the and liberation. He returned home to a life of tions and accomplishments that Temple jeep and drove him to cover. He sprinted to painful surgery. After one operation, he met Beth El has made to the quality of life for the foxhole occupied by Milosevich. "Just as an Army nurse, Lucille Cassell, a slim, all residents of the San Pedro area. I would November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30965 simply like to say that their contributions nurses, spys, and other important support filed in Federal district court last Friday, are greatly appreciated by hll members of services. the Treasury Department defiantly forged the San Pedro community. Mr. Speaker, today there are 1.2 million ahead and began to siphon off assests-as­ My wife, Lee, joins me in congratulating women veterans. In the United States sests that belong in the pockets of the 25 Temple Beth El and all its members on the alone, they account for more than 4 per­ million senior citizens now receiving retire­ dedication of their new school and admin­ cent of all American veterans. ment benefits. istrative facilities, and its renovated sanctu­ I compliment the sponsors and support­ This defiant and ill-conceived act was ary-social hall complex, and in wishing the ers of this legislation for finally recogniz­ even more disturbing when one considers congregation and Temple Beth El "mazel ing that women are holding leadership po­ the architect of the plan-the Secretary of tov" and all the best in the years ahead. sitions and are becoming an integral part the Treasury-is also the chief actuarial of the military decisionmaking process. trustee of the Social Security System. The Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to sup­ ST. VALENTINE'S DIAMOND same person who is responsible for the port this timely and important resolution health and long-term fitness of the JUBILEE in time for Veterans day, a day when all system-is the one who is authorizing the Americans thank our genuine heroes and divestment of the fund. HON. ROBERT A. BORSKI heroines. At a minimum, the Secretary of the OF PENNSYLVANIA Treasury should be required to consult IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DIVESTMENT OF SOCIAL SECU­ with Congress in the event that divestment Wednesday, November 6, 1985 RITY TRUST FUNDS: ILLEGAL of and of the trust funds are being consid­ AND IMMORAL ered. Congress, in appropriating money for Mr. BORSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to the fund, also should have cofiduciary re­ recognize the diamond jubilee of St. Valen­ sponsibility with Congress in the manage­ tine's Polish National Catholic Church in HON. MARIO BIAGGI ment of the trust funds. I plan to introduce Philadelphia. On Sunday, November 10, the OF NEW YORK legislation to address the common rights parish will celebrate its 75th anniversary. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and responsibilities of Congress in this On February 14, 1910, 400 Polish immi­ Wednesday, November 6, 1985 area in the very near future. grants established St. Valentine's to meet Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I want to be The 1983 reform amendments required both the spiritual and cultural needs of improved investment of the Social Security their community. At that time, the nearest on record in this body as categorically and unequivocably opposed to any effort by the trust fund dollars in order to secure its Catholic Church was inaccessible, making long-term security. However, with this act the daily practice of their faith difficult. Treasury Department to divest the Social Security trust funds. of divestment-we have once again tied This small but determined group sought the Social Security benefits to the railroad satisfaction of their religious and cultural Last Friday, we learned that the Depart­ needs by organizing a community of believ­ ment-in order to finance the interest on track and used the excuse of the national debt-as the train coming down the track. ers that shared a similar Polish heritage. the national debt-began to tap the Social Today, St. Valentine's continues to minis­ Security trust funds. Not only was this act Mr. Speaker, as we honor 50 years of ter to the descendants of that Polish Catho­ against the law-as outlined in the 1983 commitment to the Social Security Pro­ lic community. In its 75 years it has grown reform amendments to the act that Con­ gram-we cannot at this time-when we and flourished. The parish is now com­ gress adopted-but it also flies directly in have preserved the program into the next posed of more than 2,000 people from a va­ the face of the intent of that legislation. decade and for the next generation of retir­ riety of ethnic backgrounds. St. Valentine's That is why I support the so-called ees-forget what Congress intended when it stands as a monument to the cultural and Democratic alterantive to the ill-begotten passed this historic act in 1935 in order to religious freedoms upon which our Nation Gramm-Rudman-Hollings deficit reduction create a "partnership with tomorrow." was built. plan. This alternative, adopted by the When we threaten the system today-we I ask my colleagues to join me as I rec­ House on Friday, would not only prevent play havoc with those who will be depend­ ognize and salute St. Valentine's for pre­ this disvestment from continuing-but ing on these benefits tomorrow. serving their cultural heritage while chang­ would also fully reimburse the trust fund Consider these facts: ing and growing with the needs of all their for any and all dollars that have been re­ By the year 2035, an estimated 80 million parishioners. moved from it by this-or any other act by persons will be beneficiaries in any given the Treasury Department. month. Two years ago-faced with the almost in· This is almost double the number of A RESOLUTION FOR NATIONAL surmountable problem of the Social Securi· beneficiaries today. WOMEN VETERANS WEEK ty trust fund going bankrupt-Congress Even more amazing-this is two-thirds as asked seniors to sacrifice their benefits in large as the entire U.S. population in 1935 HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR order to secure the system for long-range when the program was first begun. OF OHIO fiscal solvency. Thanks to that bipartisan Again, by 2035, benefits are projected to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES effort-the Social Security trust funds are be 25 times as large as they are today, or $5 now in the black. Surpluses in the fund, trillion. Wednesday, November 6, 1985 not including Medicare, are projected to During the floor debate in the Senate on Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, it is appropri­ reach $11.9 billion by the end of 1986 and June 14, 1935 on the -Social Security bill, ate today that the House unanimously are projected to Jump to $55 billion by the distinguished Senator from my own passed House Joint Resolution 36, a bill 1990. State of New York, Robert F. Wagner, which will authorize the establishment of a It is also important to note that the characterized the bill as legislation that memorial to honor the thousands of Social Security trust funds are currently "embraces objectives that have driven their women who have served in the Armed repaying the Medicare trust fund as a appeal to the conscience and intelligence of Forces. result of the interfund borrowing that was the entire Nation. We must take the old In addition, it is only fitting that the exercised in 1982 prior to the passage of people who have been disinherited by our House will soon take up a resolution to the 1983 reform amendments. At best, this economic system and make them free men honor "National Women Veterans Week." is the only authorized use of trust fund dol­ in fact as well as in name. We must not let This resolution is of timely importance lars, in addition to the interfund borrowing misfortune twist the lives of our young. We considering that American women have authority that is permitted when revenues must tear down the house of misery in served in a variety of military occupations fall below 20 percent. which dwell the unemployed. We must in the Armed Forces since the American The lame excuse that was given to Con­ remain aware that business stability and Revolution. These women have performed a gress to justify this kamikaze raid was prosperity are the foundation of all our ef­ myriad of duties serving as soldiers, pilots, weak, at best. Even in the face of a suit forts. In all these things we are united, and 30966 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 6, 1985 in this unity we shall move forward to an NOVEMBER 12 the National Wilderness Preservation era of greater security and happiness." 9:00 a.m. System. Mr. Speaker, let us recall these themes Armed Services SR-328A today as we face a real and serious threat Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces 9:30 a.m. to the promise that we have made to Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold closed hearings on Soviet strate­ Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ present and future recipients of benefits. gic defense programs. mittee Our efforts today to halt this raid on the S-407, Capitol To hold oversight hearings on LAND­ Social Security trust fund-must succeed­ 9:30 a.m. SAT commercialization. if we are to uphold the sacred pact between Governmental Affairs SR-253 government and workers that was made by Permanent Subcommittee on Investiga­ Energy and Natural Resources this body a half a century ago. tions Business ·meeting, to consider pending To resume hearings on espionage activi­ calendar business. ties in the United States. SD-366 SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS SD-342 Labor and Human Resources Labor and Human Resources To hold hearings on nutrition and fit­ Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, To hold hearings on Reyes' Syndrome, a agreed to by the Senate on February 4, ness in public health. neurological disorder in children. SD-430 1977. calls for establishment of a sys­ SD-430 Select on Intelligence tem for a computerized schedule of all Rules and Administration Closed briefing on intelligence matters meetings and hearings of Senate com­ To hold hearings on Senate Resolution SH-219 mittees, subcommittees, Joint commit­ 204, to authorize supplemental ex­ 10:00 a.m. penditures by the Select Committee Environment and Public Works tees, and committees of conference. on Indian Affairs, Senate Joint Reso­ This title requires all such committees Environmental Pollution Subcommittee lution 214, to provide for the reap­ Business meeting, to mark up S. 725, to to notify the office of the Senate Dally pointment of Carlisle H. Humelsine as Dige$t-designated by the Rules Com­ a citizen regent of the Board of Re­ authorize funds for fiscal years 1986 mittee-of the time, place, and purpose gents of the Smithsonian Institution, through 1990 for programs of the En­ and Senate Joint Resolution 215, to dangered Species Act, S. 893. to estab­ of the meetings, when scheduled, and lish the Florida Panther National any cancellations or changes in the provide for the reappointment of Wil­ liam G. Bowen, as a citizen regent of Wildlife Refuge in the State of Flori­ meetings as they occur. the Board of Regents of the Smithso­ da, S. 585, to establish the eastern As an additional procedure along nian Institution; and to consider ad­ shore of Virginia National Wildlife with the computerization of this infor­ ministrative business. Refuge and National Fish and Wildlife mation, the Office of the Senate Dally SR-301 Service Training Center at Cape Digest will prepare this information for Special on Aging Charles in Northampton County, VA. printing in the Extensions of Remarks To resume hearings to review the and to further consider provisions of section of the CONGJ.lBSSIONAL RECORD impact of Medicare's prospective pay­ S. 1354, to authorize funds for the Bon ment system on the quality of care re­ Secour National Wildlife Refuge, the on Monday and Wednesday of each ceived by Medicare beneficiaries. Tensas River National Wildlife week. SD-628 Refuge, the Bogue Chitto National Any changes in committee schedul­ 10:00 a.m. Wildlife Refuge, and the Tinicum Na­ ing will be indicated by placement of an Judiciary tional Environmental Center . unit conducting such meetings. Subcommittee SD-406 Meetings scheduled for Thursday, No­ Courts Subcommittee Foreign Relations To resume Joint hearings on farm bank­ Business meeting, to consider pending vember 7, 1985, may be found in the ruptcy. calendar business. Dally Digest of today's RECORD. SD-226 SD-419 Labor and Human Resources Judiciary MD:TINGS Sc!mDULED Employment and Productivity Subcom­ Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks Sub­ NOVEMBERS mittee committee 9:15 a.m. To resume hearings on the impact of To hold hearings on S. 1667, Electronics Finance trade on employment and productivi­ Communications Privacy Act of 1985. Health Subcommittee ty. SD-226 To hold hearings on a Department of SD-562 Veterans' Affairs Health and Human Services report on Select on Intell11ence To hold oversight hearings on activities proposed reform of the Federal hospi­ Closed briefin1 on intell11ence matters of the Small Business Administration's tal insurance program method of paying for capital costs. 10:30 a.m. SR-428A SD-215 Foreirn Relations Select on Indian Affairs 9:30 a.m. To resume hearin11 on certain defense To hold hearings on S. 1452, to settle Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs iaauea, focuain1 on nuclear atrate1y, certain Indian land claims in Gay To hold hearings on the nomination of ballistic miaaUe defense, and arms con­ Head, MA. Robert L. Clarke, of Texas, to be trol. SD-628 Comptroller of the Currency, Depart­ SD-419 ment of the Treasury. 1:30 p.m. NOVEMBER 14 SD-538 •conferees 9:00 a.m. Energy and Natural Resources On H.R. 3424, appropriat1n1 funds for Armed Services Natural Resources Development and Pro­ the Departments of Labor, Health and To hold hearings on the organization duction Subcommittee Human Services, and Education, and and decisionmaking procedures of the To hold hearings on S. 570, S. 372, S. related asenciea for fiacal year endin1 Department of Defense and the Con­ 946, and S. 913, bills to improve the ad­ September 30, 1988. sress. ministration of the Federal coal leas­ H-140, Capitol SD-106 ing program, and other coal related Foreirn Relations issues. NOVEMBER 13 European Affairs Subcommittee SD-366 9:00 a.m. To hold hearings on religious persecu­ 10:30 a.m. Alrtculture, Nutrition, and Forestry tion behind the iron curtain. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Alrtcultural Research, Conservation, For­ SD-419 To hold hearings on the nomination of estry, and General Lelialation Sub­ 9:30a.m. Jennifer L. Dom, of Maryland, to be committee Commerce, Science, and Transportation Associate Deputy Secretary of Trans­ To hold hearinp on S. 703, to deairnate Business meeting, to consider pending portation. the Clifty Wildemeaa in the Daniel calendar business. SR-253 Boone National Foreat, KY, as part of SR-253 November 6, 1985 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30967 Governmental Affairs serious loss of wetlands and other es- 4:30 p.m. Permanent Subcommittee on Investiga­ sential habitat. Select on Intelligence tions SD-406 Closed briefing on technology transfer To resume hearings on espionage activi­ and Soviet research and development. ties in the United States. NOVEMBER 19 SH-219 SD-342 10:00 a.m. Governmental Affairs Commerce, Science, and Transportation NOVEMBER27 Intergovernmental Relations Subcommit­ Business, Trade, and Tourism Subcommit­ 9:30 a.m. tee tee Select on Intelligence To hold oversight hearings on regula­ To hold hearings on the promotion of To hold closed hearings on intelligence tory activities of the Office of Man­ domestic tourism. matters. agement and Budget. SR-253 SH-219 SD-562 Environment and Public Works Veterans' Affairs Transportation Subcommittee DECEMBER3 To hold hearings on the effects of radi­ To hold oversight hearings on the im­ 9:30 a.m. ation. plementation of the disadvantaged •Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs SR-418 business enterprise program payments for phystctana• serv­ Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Gov­ ices. NOVEMBER 15 ernment Processes Subcommittee SD-215 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on the 1985 Confer­ Environment and Public Works ences on the Treaty on the Non-Prolif­ DECEMBERlO Toxic Substances and Environmental eration of Nuclear Weapons and on 10:00 a.m. Oversight Subcommittee the International Atomic Energy Energy and Natural Resources To resume oversight hearings on Agency. Water and Power Subcommittee ground-water level and use and on SD-342 To hold hearinp on S. 1785, to amend ground-water quality and flow in the the Garrison diversion project In United States. NOVEMBER21 North Dakota. SD-406 9:30 a.m. SD-366 Commerce, Science, and Tranaportation Environment and Public Works NOVEMBER 18 Toxic Substances and Environmental Aviation Subcommittee Ovel'lilht Subcommittee 9:15 a.m. To hold ovel'lllht heartn11 on aviation To hold ovel'll&'ht hearlnp on environ­ Finance labor luuea. mental effects of 1lobal atmospheric Health Subcommittee SR-253 warmlnp. . To hold hearings on the Federal supple­ Ener1Y and Natural Resources SD-406 mentary medical insurance program Ener1Y Reaulatlon and Conservation Sub­ payments for physi­ committee cian services, focusing on efforts by To hold ovel'lllht hearings to review CANCELLATIONS the Department of Health and Human Federal Ener1Y Reaulatory Commta­ Services and others to assess the cur­ aion'a Order 488, final rule and notice NOVEMBER7 rent payment mechanism and develop requeat1n1 aupplemental comments on 10:00 a.m. reform options. reaulatlon of natural pa pipelines Judiciary SD-2115 after partial wellhead decontrol Security and Terrorism Subcommittee 2:00 p.m.