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Fontinha Et Al-Bolmmf-2020.Pdf BOLETIM MUSEU DE HISTÓRIA NATURAL DO FUNCHAL Vol. LXX (2020), Arts. 356-360 BOLETIM ISSN 2183-279X (online edition) | Available online at: http://boletim.cm-funchal.pt MUSEU DE HISTÓRIA NATURAL DO FUNCHAL Dezembro de 2020 - FUNCHAL - MADEIRA Vol. LXX (2020), Art. 357: 11-18 Editado pela Câmara Municipal do Funchal ISSN 2183-279X (online edition) | doi: xx.xxxx/xxxxx-xxxx.xxxxxxxxx.x | Available online at: http://boletim.cm-funchal.pt Plant data survey in Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago, Portugal): an update BY SUSANA FONTINHA 1, 2, 3 *, SARA ANDRADE 1 & MIGUEL Â. A. PINHEIRO DE CARVALHO 2 With 2 tables 1 SRAAC Regional Secretary of the Environment, Natural Resources and Climatic Changes, Rua Dr. Pestana Júnior, n.º 6, 5.º andar, 9064-506, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. 2 ISOPlexis, University of Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. 3 cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The present contribution updates BORGES et al Madeira and Selvagens archipelagos”. Since then, and until the summer of 2019, 131 new taxa were cited, namely 30 bryophytes, one pteridophyte and 100 spermatophytes. Based on the compilation of written and unpublished information about the diversity of terrestrial plants cited for Porto Santo, the present work lists 696 taxa, including 134 bryophytes, 13 pteridophytes and 549 spermatophytes. Two species of mosses, Sematophyllum substrumulosum (Hampe) E. Britton and Tortula lanceolata R. H. Zander are pteridophytes, Ophioglossum lusitanicum L. and Hymenophyllum wilsonii Hook are proposed to be considered extinct. Keywords: agrodiversity, bryophytes, crop wild relatives, pteridophytes, spermatophytes. Received: 27 April 2020; Revised: 16 June 2020; Accepted: 15 November 2020; Available online: 18 December 2020; Published: 31 December 2020 12 Boletim do Museu de História Natural do Funchal No. LXX, Art. 357 RESUMO: O presente trabalho atualiza a publicação “A list of the terrestrial fungi, fora and fauna of Madeira and Selvagens archipelagos” (BORGES et al., 2008). Após essa publicação e até ao verão de 2019, foram citados 131 novos táxones, nomeadamente 30 brióftos, um pteridófto e 100 espermatóftos. Tendo por base a compilação de informação escrita e não publicada sobre a diversidade de plantas terrestres citadas para o Porto Santo, neste trabalho são referidos 696 táxones, incluindo 134 brióftos, 13 pteridóftos e 549 espermatóftos. Duas espécies de musgos, Sematophyllum substrumulosum (Hampe) E. Britton e Tortula lanceolata R. H. Zander são referidas pela primeira vez para o Porto Santo, correspondendo a material recolhido em 2018. Adicionalmente, 12 espécies de espermatóftos, todos cultivados, são referidos pela primeira vez para a ilha. Duas espécies de pteridóftos, Ophioglossum lusitanicum L. e Hymenophyllum wilsonii Hook são propostos como extintos. Palavras-chave: agrobiodiversidade, brióftos, parentes silvestres de cultivares, pteridóftos, espermatóftos. INTRODUCTION Porto Santo is an eastern Atlantic Ocean island, Porto Santo, as well as of the islands of Madeira, Desertas about 40 km to the NE of Madeira; it developed as a and Selvagens. They consider taxa down to the subspecies submarine shield volcano, dating from 18-14.5 Ma, and rank recognized in primary publications until 2008, and presents an emerged area of 42 km2 (MATA el al., 2013). thus list for Porto Santo 104 bryophytes, comprising The island of Porto Santo, 12 km long in the NE-SW four hornworts, 60 liverworts and 40 mosses (SÉRGIO et direction and 6 km wide, in the N-S direction, has a fat and al., 2008; in BORGES et al., 2008), 13 pteridophytes and 450 smooth morphology, with Pico do Facho standing out with spermatophytes (JARDIM & SEQUEIRA, 2008; in BORGES et al., a maximum altitude of 517 m. This island is surrounded by 2008). six islets – Ilhéu de Baixo, Ilhéu de Cima, Ilhéu de Ferro, More than 18 years later, new papers, reports and Ilhéu da Fonte da Areia, Ilhéu das Cenouras, Ilhéu de Fora, other works have been published, such as the application and two rocky outcrops – Baixa do Meio and Baixa dos of the Island of Porto Santo to the UNESCO Biosphere Barbeiros. Reserve (2019), which addresses aspects of the plant cover During its early geological phase, the territory of the island and refers new records and taxa for science. was colonized by pioneer species, such as lichens and Among the works published after 2008 about nonvascular plants (i.e., bryophytes). Together with other vascular fora, the following are worth highlighting: living beings, these species contributed to the formation CARVALHO et al. (2010), CARVALHO et al. (2013), FERNANDES & of soil layers able to progressively sustain more complex CARVALHO (2014), JARDIM & SEQUEIRA (2010), JARDIM & SEQUEIRa communities, eventually reaching the forest ecosystem (2011a), JARDIM & SEQUEIRA (2011b), JARDIM & SEQUEIRA (2011c), structure. JARDIM & SEQUEIRA (2014), and JONES et al. (2014). Regarding Over thousands of years, natural phenomena of bryophytes, the following works are worth mentioning: expansion and competition probably occurred, dictating LOBO (2008), SIM-SIM et al. (2010), and FONTINHA et al. (2012). the evolution of a biodiversity in absence of human infuence, until the beginning of settlement by the MATERIAL AND METHODS Portuguese, in the frst quarter of the 15th century. The frst reference to the plants of Porto Santo is by The published and reported information about Luiz de Cadamosto, who visited Porto Santo in 1455 and bryophytes, pteridophytes and spermatophytes in Porto mentions the dragon tree, Dracaena draco L. and its uses Santo was compiled, and unpublished information was by the local population (CADAMOSTO, 1867). collected. Since then, several works have been published, In addition to the bibliography, the database of the information of which was included in “A list of the Information and Documentation System (IDS) of ISOPlexis terrestrial fungi, fora and fauna of Madeira and Selvagens Genebank, University of Madeira (ISOPlexis GRIN-Global) archipelagos” by BORGES et al. (2008). These authors was consulted, concerning agrodiversity (cultivated compiled the published information on the biodiversity of species) and crop wild relatives. 2020 Fontinha et al., Plant data survey in Porto Santo: an update 13 Complementary inventories were carried out, in subsp. foridus (Lowe) R. Jardim & M. Seq.; Monizia edulis order to confrm the presence of taxa and update the Lowe subsp. santosii F. Fernandes & J. A. Carvalho; Sideritis existing information. candicans Aiton var. multifora; Sonchus parathalassius J. G. Infraspecifc taxonomic categories referring to Costa ex R. Jardim & M. Seq.; Pericallis menezesii R. Jardim, subspecies and variety were considered; hybrids were not K. E. Jones, M. Carine & M. Sequeira), three species are taken into account. Madeira endemics [Carduus squarrosus (DC.) Lowe; Rubia In general, taxonomy and nomenclature for fruticosa Aiton subsp. fruticosa and Sibthorpia peregrina L.] nonvascular plants follow SÉRGIO et al. (2008), whereas for and one is a Macaronesia endemic (Laurus novocanariensis vascular plants they follow JARDIM & SEQUEIRA (2008). Rivas Mart. et al.). BORGES et al. (2008) refer Siderites candicans for Porto RESULTS Santo, but not the multifora variety that is endemic to that island. The same happens with Fumaria muralis Sond. ex W. According to the accomplished compilation, 696 D. J. Koch, and its subspecies muralis variety laeta, endemic taxa of terrestrial plants are recorded from Porto Santo, to Porto Santo; Helichrysum melaleucum, and its subspecies 134 of which correspond to bryophytes (four hornworts, roseum described by JARDIM & SEQUEIRA (2011c); Lotus glaucus, 68 liverworts and 62 mosses), 13 are pteridophytes and and its subspecies foridus described by JARDIM & SEQUEIRA 549 are spermatophytes. (2011a); and Monizia edulis, and its subspecies santosii, The list of BORGES et al. (2008) was used as a base-line described by FERNANDES & CARVALHO (2014). The laurel tree, information source, to which 131 new taxa, comprising Laurus novocanariensis, occurred naturally in Porto Santo 30 bryophytes (Table 1), one pteridophyte (Asplenium (SOUSA, 2005), but it became extinct and was afterwards onopteris L.) and 100 spermatophytes (Table 2) reported in reintroduced. the subsequent 12 years were added. As for agrodiversity, 32 taxa are reported, DISCUSSION corresponding to locally grown crops and its varieties such as: garlic (Allium sativum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), Concerning bryophytes, nine species of liverworts strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), and 21 species of mosses are mentioned, including two chard [Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla (L.) W. D. J. Koch], borage Madeira endemics (Frullania sergiae Sim-Sim, S. Fontinha, (Borago ofcinalis L.), pepper [Capsicum baccatum L. var. R. Mues & U. Lionand and Riccia atlantica Sérgio & Perold). pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh], locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua Two species of mosses, Sematophyllum substrumulosum L.), watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & (Hampe) E. Britton and Tortula lanceolata R. H. Zander are Nakai], melon (Cucumis melo L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus recorded for the frst time from Porto Santo, corresponding L.), pumpkin (Curcubita maxima Duchesne, C. moschata to material collected in 2018. Duchesne ex Poir., C. pepo L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), Among pteridophytes,
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