葵 青 區 議 會 COUNCIL

Traffic Development Affairs Working Group

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計劃初議報告書 J1490/REPORT COVER/ .CDR/2018 COVER/ J1490/REPORT Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021

Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District

Executive Summary

February 2021

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1 General ...... 1 1.2 Objectives of the Assignment ...... 1

2. Bus-Bus Interchange and Discount Scheme ...... 2 2.1 Proposed Bus-Bus Interchange Location ...... 2 2.2 Proposed Bus Route Rationalisation under Bus-Bus Interchange Scheme ...... 7

3. Bus Route Sectional Fare Scheme ...... 10 3.1 Proposed Bus Route Two-way Sectional Fare Scheme ...... 10 3.2 Proposed Sectional Fare Adjustment ...... 10

4. Waterborne Transport Scheme ...... 11 4.1 Existing Policy and Operation Model for Waterborne Transport Services ...... 11 4.2 Proposed Tsing Yi Waterborne Transport Scheme ...... 11

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 – Proposed Bus-Bus Interchange Locations ...... 2 Figure 2-2 – Network Coverage of Cheung On BBI ...... 2 Figure 2-3 – Network Coverage of Interchange BBI ...... 3 Figure 2-4 – Proposed Scheme for BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange ...... 4 Figure 2-5 - Network Coverage of Interchange BBI ...... 5 Figure 2-6 - Network Coverage of Tai Wo Interchange BBI ...... 6 Figure 2-7 – Proposed Modification for Route No. 37 ...... 8 Figure 4-1 – Proposed Initial Scheme of Tsing Yi Waterborne Service Route ...... 11

LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 – Example of BBI at Cheung On ...... 3 Table 2-2 – Example of BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange ...... 4 Table 2-3 – Example of BBI at ...... 6 Table 2-4 – Example of BBI at Tai Wo Interchange ...... 6

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page i Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 1. Introduction

1.1 General

1.1.1 Pertinent to traffic and transport improvements in the district, the Traffic Development Affairs Working Group (Working Group) of Kwai Tsing District Council aims to implement community involvement projects to enhance the traffic situation in Kwai Tsing district (KTD), promote the development of new ancillary transport facilities and research into the provision of more parking facilities. 1.1.2 This Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District (The Assignment) was initiated by the Working Group in September 2020 with a view to investigate the provision of bus-bus interchange (BBI), sectional fare and waterborne transport in Tsing Yi. Ho Wang SPB Limited was commissioned on 25 November 2020 to undertake traffic consultancy service for this Assignment. 1.2 Objectives of the Assignment

1.2.1 The objectives of this Assignment are: ◆ To investigate the provision of BBI in Kwai Chung District and associated facilities to expand the public transport network to address the need of KTD residents to avoid route overlapping and better utilisation of redundant transport resources through public engagement;

◆ To investigate the feasible associated facilities and measures, such as BBI discount or sectional fare to attract patronage in order to effective use of public transport resources; and

◆ To investigate the feasibility of providing Tsing Yi waterborne transport.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 1 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 2. Bus-Bus Interchange and Discount Scheme

2.1 Proposed Bus-Bus Interchange Location

2.1.1 KTD is a developed area with prevailing buildings, dense road network and interwoven with highway structure within various existing constraints. Hence, it is not a simple task to provide a large-scale BBI facility like the expressway BBI. Existing bus stops with numerous bus routes are generally classified as road-side bus stop. Some bus stops are provided with bus layby such as – Kwai Chung near Tai Wo Hau Station while other bus stops are provided on-street such as Kwai Chung Road near Kwong Fai Circuit. 2.1.2 In consideration of the location of KTD, Figure 2-1 – Proposed Bus-Bus Interchange bus network, resident travel characteristics and Locations choice of interchange location, the proposed four BBI locations include Cheung On Estate Tsing Yi, Kwai Chung Interchange, Tai Wo Hau Station and Tai Wo Interchange as shown in Figure 2-1. Current KTD residents can make use of the above bus stops to interchange other bus routes. The purposes of BBI are to improve existing bus stop facilities to facilitate passengers interchange to other bus routes in a better environment. Signage within BBI is also clear to allow passengers to find the appropriate bus stops location for interchanging. The objectives of providing BBI include: ⚫ Provide a clear, easily identifiable BBI to facilitate passengers; ⚫ Expand bus network through existing bus routes travelling between various districts and KTD; and ⚫ Provide BBI discount to reduce the fare of bus passengers. 2.1.3 Providing BBI can help to promote BBI discount and provide more ancillary facilities such as estimated time of arrival display panels to disseminate waiting time information to passengers. Free Wi-Fi services, large bus route map and seats can also improve the passenger waiting environment. For Tai Wo Interchange and Kwai Chung Interchange, it can be considered to add vending machine due to its remoteness.

Figure 2-2 – Network Coverage of Cheung On BBI

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 2 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 2.1.4 Under the existing bus network at Cheung On Estate, Tsing Yi, there are 13 regular bus routes and 11 special service bus routes providing bus service. Figure 2-2 shows the bus network coverage at the BBI at Cheong On Estate, Tsing Yi. Providing a BBI at Cheung On bus terminus aims to provide transfer service to passengers from Tsing Yi (Cheung Ching / Cheung Hong) to East and North Lantau. Table 2-1 indicates the example of BBI at Cheung On. Table 2-1 – Example of BBI at Cheung On From / To Tsing Yi Ma On Shan Tai Po Sheung Shui North Lantau Route 43/43A Route 243M Route 249M Route 249M Journey Interchange to Route Existing Interchange to 73X Interchange to 279X Interchange to E32 Route 40X Fare $13.8 $11.0 $14.8 $14.8 Intra-district Routes Intra-district Routes Intra-district Routes Intra-district Routes transfer transfer transfer Journey transfer Using Route no. 49X and Route no. 49X and Route no. 49X and Route no. E31/E32 Proposed Route no. 40X Route no. 73X Route no. 278X Cheung On Propose $8.6^+$1# = $9.6 $8.6^+$2# = $10.6 $8.6^+$4.9# = $13.5 $10.8 BBI d Fare Differen -$4.2 -$0.4 -$1.3 -$4.8 ce ^Reference to the full trip fare ($8.6) of route no. 42M transfer to route no. 49X #Reference to Existing Shing Mun Tunnels Interchange Scheme

2.1.5 The existing bus network at Kwai Chung Interchange indicates the destinations of majority of urban bound bus routes have destinations in West and Kowloon City with only one special bus route providing service to Shatin via Tsing Sha Highway. Figure 2-3 shows the bus network coverage at the BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange. As there is no direct bus service to the south of Yau Ma Tei for the areas near Kwai Chung Road in Kwai Chung, passengers can interchange bus route no. 60X and 63X to Jordan area at this BBI. Passengers from Shek Yam can take bus route no. 36A to interchange bus route no. 40 to Kowloon East. The urban bound prevailing sectional fare is starting from Mei Foo. It is suggested to revise the sectional fare to commence earlier at Kwai Chung Interchange. Table 2-2 Figure 2-3 – Network Coverage of Kwai Chung indicates the example of BBI at Kwai Interchange BBI Chung Interchange.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 3 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 Table 2-2 – Example of BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange Kwai Chung to Kowloon South Via Cheung Sha Wan Via West Kowloon Corridor Route 37 Interchange Route 37 Interchange Journey Existing Route to Route 2 to Route 63X Fare $10.7 $12.0 Journey Route 37 Interchange to Route 63X Using Proposed Kwai Chung Proposed Fare $6.2 Interchange Difference -$4.5/-$5.8

2.1.6 The proposed scheme for Kwai Chung Interchange BBI is shown in Figure 2-4. It is proposed to extend existing bus layby to 70m and provide a short-section of bus lane at Kwai Chung Road northbound near the current northbound bus stop for the safe pull-in/pull-out of bus traffic from the layby. The upstream of Kwai Chung Road near Mei Foo has slip road connecting Lai Chi Kok Road and the slow lane of Kwai Chung Road. In general, vehicles travelling along Kwai Chung Road are making use of the middle-lane and fast-lane only, while buses from Mei Foo enter Kwai Chung Road are using the nearside lane to Kwai Chung Interchange BBI. Hence major weaving movement is not expected. Provision of bus-lane at BBI can help egress buses from bus layby to re-join the main traffic stream.

Figure 2-4 – Proposed Scheme for BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange 2.1.7 Since Kwai Chung Road is an urban trunk road, traffic at the Kwai Chung Interchange BBI are travelling with higher speed, it is proposed to erect Energy Absorbing Bollard, similar to those currently used in other districts such as Aberdeen Praya Road near Tin Wan Praya Road. When lost control vehicle hits the Energy Absorbing Bollard, it will reduce vehicle speed significantly and absorb energy to minimise the threat of errant vehicles to pedestrians. It can also reduce the severity of the resulted injury to improve the road safety at BBI.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 4 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 2.1.8 Under the constraints of existing road structure and left-turn bend at the southbound bus stop, substantial extension of existing bus layby will involve large scale civil works. Alternatively, it is proposed to provide a large-scale BBI at 350m to the north from existing southbound bus stop. Bus layby and central reserve can separate the BBI area and Kwai Chung Road main carriageway and the design should take due consideration of the road safety issues when buses enter and exit at BBI. The existing emergency vehicular access will be designed as dropped-kerb and reprovide with emergency crash gate. The existing planter under the flyover will be modified as passenger waiting area. BBI auxiliary facilities also include estimated time of arrival display panels and seats. 2.1.9 The existing bus routes travelling via Hill Road are operating in a relatively less frequent manner at 15 to 30 minutes headway with most of the bus routes serving Mei Foo. In the long-term, hillside elevators can be considered to connect the BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange and Lai King Hill Road to expand the bus network catchment along Lai King Hill Road. There is a subway at Kwai Chung Interchange connecting northbound and southbound BBI. A new hillside elevator is proposed at the eastern subway exit to connect Lai King Hill Road so Princess Margaret Hospital, Kwai Chung Hospital and resident at Lai King Terrance can also use bus routes at serving Kwai Chung Road. For the proposed new southbound BBI at the north of Kwai Chung Interchange, a new set of hillside elevators is also proposed to facilitate access to Kwai Chung Hospital, Cho Yiu Chuen area to provide the residents along Lai King Hill Road more choice of bus routes. 2.1.10 Tai Wo Hau Station bus stop is located at Castle Peak Road – Kwai Chung with bus laybys at both bounds. Currently there are 24 regular bus routes with bus stop at Tai Wo Hau Station while 2 bus routes nos. 68A and E31 only with stop for Tsing Yi bound. The service coverage of bus routes at this stop includes Kowloon, New Territories West, and New Territories East. Kowloon bound services covers Mei Foo, Cheung Sha Wan and Kwun Tong in Kowloon East. Coverage in New Territories West includes Tai Lam Tunnel BBI, Tin Shui Wai and Tuen Mun. The Figure 2-5 - Network Coverage of Tai Wo Hau major destinations in New Interchange BBI Territories East also have direct bus routes serving Tai Wo Hau Station such as Tseung Kwan O, Shatin, Tai Po, Fanling and Sheung Shui. Figure 2-5 shows the bus network coverage at the BBI at Tai Wo Hau Station.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 5 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 2.1.11 Since the bus routes at Tai Wo Hau Station can access various destinations, particularly in New Territories East and West, various bus routes in KTD can also make use of this BBI to transfer to Shing Mun Tunnels bus routes for areas in New Territories East. Three-times consecutive BBI discount is also required in conjunction with BBI discounts at Shing Mun Tunnels BBI. Journeys from Ha Kwai Chung/North Kwai Chung can take route no. 42C to interchange other bus routes to New Territories West or routes to North Lantau such as Airport and . Table 2-3 indicates the example of BBI at Tai Wo Hau Station. Table 2-3 – Example of BBI at Tai Wo Hau Station Kwai Chung to New From Wah Yuen Chuen From Wah Yuen Chuen to From Shek Lei to Territories West to North Lantau Tuen Mun Tung Chung Route no. 42C transfer Route no. 42C transfer Route 235 no. transfer Journey Existing Route no. E32 Route no. 58M Route no. E32 Route Fare $12.2 / $14.5 $15.8 $15.1 Using Proposed Using Existing $9.6^ $10.8^ Proposed Tai Fare BBI Discount with Wo Hau Promotion of Difference -$6.2 -$4.3 Station BBI Proposed BBI ^Reference to a higher fare between the two trips

2.1.12 Existing bus stop near Tai Wo Interchange is Wah Yuen Chuen bus stop. Bus routes at this stop mainly connect with North Kwai Chung, Tsing Yi and north of . Comparing with BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange, this BBI can supplement the interchange need for the journey between North Kwai Chung and urban area. Figure 2-6 shows the bus network coverage at the BBI at Tai Wo Interchange. Journey to Kowloon East from Shek Yam can take bus routes nos. 32/35A/36B and interchange bus routes nos. 38/42C via Castle Peak Figure 2-6 - Network Coverage of Tai Wo Road – Kwai Chung to Kwun Tong and Interchange BBI Lam Tin areas. Table 2-4 indicates the example of BBI at Tai Wo Interchange.

Table 2-4 – Example of BBI at Tai Wo Interchange Shek Lei to Kowloon East Via Kwai Chung Road and Mei Foo Via Castle Peak Road Route no. 31M Journey - Existing Route transfer Route no. 40 Fare $8.6 - Route nos. 32/35A/36B Journey - Using Proposed Tai Wo transfer Route nos. 38/42C Interchange BBI Proposed Fare - $8.6

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 6 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 2.2 Proposed Bus Route Rationalisation under Bus-Bus Interchange Scheme

Between Kwai Chung and Kowloon South 2.2.1 Base on the existing bus route network and with the provision of BBI and the associated discount, passengers can enjoy more choices in their bus journey planning with shorter journey time and more route choice at higher concessions on bus fare. Travelling between Kwai Chung and Kowloon South, to area south of Jordan, there is no direct bus service and most of bus routes to Kowloon South need to travel via Mei Foo and Lai Chi Kok, the travelling time to Kowloon South are relatively long. 2.2.2 In the review of the proposed BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange, it can rationalise some overlapping bus routes by diverting some existing bus routes to Tsim Sha Tsui from via Mei Foo and Lai Chi Kok to West Kowloon Corridor or Tai Po Road to reduce the journey time. The major overlapping bus route groups are between KTD and Kowloon West / Kowloon South. Since existing , , Tai Wo Hau, Kwai Chung San Kui and Kwai Shing areas have no direct bus route to south of Yau Ma Tei, it can make use of the proposed BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange to turn existing bus route no. 37 into circular route to Kowloon South via West Kowloon Corridor to Tsim Sha Tsui. The proposed bus route is shown in Figure 2-7. According to the General Guidelines on Deployment of Bus and/or Bus Trip in the Busy Corridors published by Transport Department, Nathan Road is one of the busy corridors. Therefore, it is proposed the rerouted bus route no. 37 to Hung Hom Station (circular) via Gascoigne Road Flyover to avoid Nathan Road and to reduce the number of bus trip at Jordan and Tsim Sha Tsui and provide express bus service to Kwai Chung from Tsim Sha Tsui and Hung Hom. The affected passengers can use BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange to use bus route no. 33A to Mei Foo and Mong Kok areas.

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Figure 2-7 – Proposed Modification for Route No. 37 2.2.3 By rearranging the bus route at BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange, it can supplement the bus network at Tsing Yi South and Liu To with wider catchment and choices of express service to Tsim Sha Tsui. Existing bus route no. 42A terminates at Jordan and passengers to Tsim Sha Tsui can transfer to the rerouted bus route no. 37 via West Kowloon Corridor to Yau Ma Tei and Tsim Sha Tsui through express corridor. 2.2.4 For North Kwai Chung, currently there are two regular bus routes nos. 35A and 36B and two special bus routes nos. 35X and 36X to Jordan and Tsim Sha Tsui. With the provision of BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange, bus route no. 35X can be converted into regular bus route to provide express service to the south of Mong Kok while route no. 35A can be operating during peak hours. The affected passengers from On Yam to Mong Kok can use BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange to change bus routes nos. 32/36B from bus route no. 35X while passengers from Prince Edward and Lai Chi Kok to On Yam can take bus route no. 33A to change bus route no. 35X at BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange. Passengers from Tsim Sha Tsui to Wah Yuen Chuen can take bus route no. 35X to interchange bus route no. 32.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 8 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 2.2.5 With the proposed BBI at Kwai Chung Interchange and Tai Wo Interchange integrated with bus route rationalisation plans, KTD areas can have express bus route to urban areas in Kowloon and the travelling time can be reduced by approximate 15 mins. Between Kwai Tsing District and Island 2.2.6 Company (KMB) proposed new BBI schemes for exclusive cross-harbour routes with existing routes in Kowloon and New Territories to expand bus route network. Passengers using these cross-harbour BBI schemes can enjoy 15% to 30% discount comparing with passengers taking direct bus route. 2.2.7 Based on the bus route rationalisation for route no. 37, it can have opportunity to expand BBI discount with cross-harbour bus route. Since the rerouted bus route no. 37 will reach Hung Hom Station, passengers can transfer to cross-harbour bus route no. 108 to . Other bus routes travelling between KTD and Tsim Sha Tsui East can also apply this BBI discount such as bus route nos. 35A/35X and 41A, etc. to provide more choices to KTD residents to reach Hong Kong Island. For journeys to Hong Kong Island East, it can take express route no. X42C and transfer to cross-harbour route no. 613 to reach North Point and Shau Kei Wan areas.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 9 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 3. Bus Route Sectional Fare Scheme

3.1 Proposed Bus Route Two-way Sectional Fare Scheme

3.1.1 Since existing Ha Kwai Chung, Lai King and Lai Wah areas do not have intra-district bus routes for intra-KTD passengers, passengers travelling within KTD need to take Green Minibus service. In order to enhance the bus network coverage within KTD and better use of existing bus services, two-way sectional fare scheme for these areas can be considered to reduce the need to operate new intra-district bus route. 3.1.2 The proposed bus route two-way sectional fare scheme covers bus routes nos. 30, 32, 32H, 38, 42, 42C, 45, 46, 46X, 47X and 269M. 3.2 Proposed Sectional Fare Adjustment

3.2.1 Inter-district bus routes from other areas to KTD generally have sectional fare while there is some discrepancy of the sectional fares of some inter-district bus routes and intra-district bus routes. It is recommended to align the sectional fare level in line with the intra-district bus route. For instance, the last sectional fares of inter-district bus routes for Tsing Yi bound should be adjusted to align with the existing intra-district route nos. 248M and 249M at $4.0, etc. 3.2.2 Some inter-district bus routes are overlapping while the nature of overlapping bus routes can also supplement as headway coordination in order to increase the carrying capacity of the higher patronage demand section. For instance, passengers from Mong Kok to Lai Yiu / Tsing Yi can choose either bus routes nos. 45/46 between Mong Kok and Lai Yiu or bus routes nos. 41/44 between Mong Kok and Tsing Yi. However, in these cases, the boarding fares of these routes are different. The boarding fare from Mong Kok to Tsing Yi taking bus route no. 41 is $8.4 while bus route no. 44 is $6.4 while from Mong Kok to Lai Yiu, the boarding fare for bus routes nos. 45 and 46 are $5.8 and $6.9 respectively. The results of questionnaire survey show that there is a strong requested by residents to align the sectional fare of local bus routes with the inter-district bus routes.

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 10 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 4. Tsing Yi Waterborne Transport Scheme

4.1 Existing Policy and Operation Model for Waterborne Transport Services

4.1.1 The existing commuting waterborne transport services in Hong Kong are classified as inner harbour routes and outlying island routes. Inner harbour routes provide cross-harbour service while outlying island routes provide sea transport with outlying island. 4.1.2 According to the Public Transport Strategy Study published by Transport and Housing Bureau in 2017, inner harbour routes considered as a supplementary role to provide alternative public transport service to railway and road-based public transport and the services will be adjusted according to the market supply and demand. In the prevailing policy, the Government has implemented various measures to reduce the operating costs of ferry services, such as reimbursing pier rental and exempting vessel license fees. In addition, the Government also allow to sub-let premises at piers for commercial and retail activities to generate non-fare box revenues for cross-subsidising the ferry operation to alleviate pressure for fare increase. 4.2 Proposed Tsing Yi Waterborne Transport Scheme

4.2.1 Since operating a new ferry service needs to purchase vessel and requires daily operating cost, the initial scheme can attract operators to provide part-time ferry service for attracting passengers and promotion. 4.2.2 The initial scheme is recommended to operate through the up-coming water taxi service. Since the details of water taxi service are at the finalisation stage, the cost of vessel is considered in the water taxi operation model. It can be considered to provide additional service outside the operation hour of water taxi service from Tsuen Wan through Tsing Yi to Central on the basis that the no additional fixed cost is required for this initial scheme. As the first departure of water taxi service is proposed at 12:45, it can be considered to operate one departure from Tsuen Wan and Tsing Yi to Central during AM commuting peak hour. Figure 4-1 shows the proposed initial scheme of Tsing Yi Waterborne Service Route. Figure 4-1 – Proposed Initial Scheme of Tsing Yi Waterborne Service Route

Ho Wang SPB Limited J1607-ES-ENG Page 11 Traffic Development Affairs Working Group of Kwai Tsing District Council Study on Transport Infrastructure and Facilities in Kwai Tsing District February 2021 4.2.3 As the initial scheme is operating through existing inner harbour service operators, no additional fixed cost for purchasing vessel is required. This initial scheme can test whether the travel pattern of residents will be changed. If the travel pattern is changed and the waterborne transport services can successfully attract passengers, the water taxi operators can generate additional revenue outside water taxi service hours. If the service fails to attract adequate passengers to support the operation, it will be easier for these operators to suspend the service. 4.2.4 If a new operator is interested to provide Tsing Yi waterborne transport service, the new operator can apply Pilot Scheme for Electric Ferries in in-harbour ferry routes for full subsidy to cover the capital cost of the electric ferries and associated charging facilities, in the same way with other inner harbour ferry service operators. If the Tsing Yi ferry service needs additional subsidy to maintain its commercial viability, it is necessary to review the consistency of approach to the policy with other inner harbour ferry service operators.

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