Cooperation between LTE and emergent DVB technologies for an efficient delivery of mobile TV Amal Abdel-Razzac To cite this version: Amal Abdel-Razzac. Cooperation between LTE and emergent DVB technologies for an efficient de- livery of mobile TV. Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI; Université libanaise, 2015. English. NNT : 2015PA066036. tel-01176795 HAL Id: tel-01176795 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01176795 Submitted on 16 Jul 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. A JOINT PHD THESIS To obtain the Doctoral degrees from PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE UNIVERSITY and LEBANESE UNIVERSITY Speciality: Telecommunications Ecole´ Doctorale Informatique, T´el´ecommunications et Electronique´ (Paris) Ecole´ Doctorale des Sciences et Technologie (Beirut) Cooperation between LTE and emergent DVB technologies for an efficient delivery of mobile TV presented by Amal ABDEL RAZZAC defended on January 14, 2015 in front of the committee composed of M. Antonio Capone Referee Professor at Politecnico di Milano M. Zaher DAWY Referee Associate Professor at the American University of Beirut M. Guy PUJOLLE Examiner Professor at Pierre et Marie Curie University M. Chafic MOKBEL Examiner Professor at University Of Balamand M. Tijani CHAHED Examiner Professor at Telecom SudParis University M. Bachar ELHASSAN Examiner Associate Professor at the Lebanese University M. Salaheddine ELAYOUBI Thesis director Senior radio expert at Orange Labs M. Mohamad KHALIL Thesis co-director Professor at Lebanese University THESE` EN COTUTELLE Pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l'UNIVERSITE´ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE et L'UNIVERSITE´ LIBANAISE Sp´ecialit´e: T´el´ecommunications Ecole´ Doctorale Informatique, T´el´ecommunications et Electronique´ (Paris) Ecole´ Doctorale des Sciences et Technologie (Liban) Coop´erationentre LTE et DVB pour une solution de TV mobile optimis´ee pr´esent´eepar Amal ABDEL RAZZAC soutenue le 14 Janvier, 2015 devant le jury compos´ede: M. Antonio Capone Rapporteur Professeur `aPolytechnique de Milan M. Zaher DAWY Rapporteur Professeur associ´e´al'universit´eam´ericaine de Beyrouth M. Guy PUJOLLE Examinateur Professeur `al'Universit´ePierre et Marie Curie M. Chafic MOKBEL Examinateur Professeur `al'universit´ede Balamand M. Tijani CHAHED Examinateur Professeur `aTelecom SudParis M. Bachar ELHASSAN Examinateur Professeur associ´e´al'universit´eLibanaise M. Salaheddine ELAYOUBI Directeur de th`ese Ing´enieurR&D chez Orange Labs M. Mohamad KHALIL Co-directeur de Th`ese Professeur `al'universit´eLibanaise Abstract The broadcast/cellular cooperation for a common delivery of Mobile TV is at the heart of the emerging mobile broadcast technologies, namely the mobile extension of the second generation digital video broadcasting for terrestrial reception (DVB-T2 Lite) and its follower DVB-Next Generation Handheld (DVB-NGH). These broadcast technologies aim to cooperate with the Long Term Evolution (LTE), as the latter is intended to be the bearer of Mobile TV thanks to its enhanced-Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service feature (e-MBMS). Even though the 3GPP/DVB cooperation is not a new topic and was investigated with the introduction of the previous DVB technology, known as DVB-Handheld (DVB-H), most of the works addressing this issue considered a common service area covered by both DVB and cellular systems and focused solely on the impact of such co- operation in terms of capacity gains brought by 3GPP and error repair gains brought by DVB. This strategy was judged to be expensive since a new and very dense DVB network was needed. In order to overcome this problem and decrease as much as possi- ble the need for a new broadcast network, we propose in this thesis a hybrid DVB/LTE network with a coverage extension strategy, where the LTE system, planned for al- most a universal coverage, is used to deliver Mobile TV in areas not covered by recent DVB-T2 Lite (or eventually DVB-NGH) network. In this context, we explore two main issues: 1. Mobile TV services have to share LTE resources with other higher priority services such as voice traffic. The dynamicity of the latter will impact the Quality of Service (QoS) of Mobile TV. We propose a new QoS-based planning for the hybrid DVB/LTE so as to guarantee an acceptable watching experience without over-dimensioning the LTE system. We derive using Markov chain analysis and hitting time theory, several QoS metrics pertaining to mobile TV performance, such as interruption frequency and duration. 2. A new business model which clarifies the relationships between the different actors of the ecosystem namely DVB and LTE operators as well as the TV 1 channel providers and constructs the service area from an economic point of view is needed. In fact, the absence of a clear and viable economic model that resolves the monetary conflicts between cellular and broadcast operators was one of the main drawbacks behind the failure of the first attempt of mobile TV delivery by cooperating UMTS/DVB-H. We develop in this thesis a profit shar- ing strategy for the cooperative network, using coalition game concept Shapley value and Nash equilibrium for a self-enforcing strategy. We further develop a new framework using real option theory coupled with coalition games for in- vestment decision in mobile TV networks (whether an operator should enter the mobile TV market and, if yes, when to do so) and show how operators can incorporate the uncertainties related to demand and network operation costs. We propose a bi-level dynamic programming algorithm to solve numerically the developed real option game. Keywords:DVB-T2 Lite, DVB-NGH, LTE, Cooperation, QoS, Markov theory, Shap- ley Value, Game theory, Real option theory, Bi-level dynamic programming. 2 R´esum´e La coop´erationentre les r´eseauxde diffusion classiques et les r´eseauxmobiles cellu- laires pour une distribution commune de la t´el´evisionmobile est actuellement l'un des ´el´ements cl´esdiscut´esdans le cadre des nouvelles technologies de diffusion mo- bile; surtout l'extension mobile de la deuxi`emeg´en´erationde diffusion de la t´el´evision num´eriqueterrestre (DVB-T2 Lite) et son suiveur le DVB-Next Generation Handheld (DVB-NGH). En fait, ces technologies de diffusion visent `acoop´ereravec la r´ecente technologie de t´el´ephonie mobile, connue sous le nom de Long Term Evolution (LTE) qui permet la diffusion de la TV Mobile gr^aceau protocole de diffusion des services multim´edia dans les r´eseauxde t´el´ephoniemobile (de nature unicast `apriori) et connu sous le nom de enhanced-Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service feature (e-MBMS). Bien que la coop´erationentre les r´eseauxde diffusion DVB et ceux de t´el´ephonie mobile n'est pas un nouveau sujet et a ´et´e´etudi´eeavec l'introduction de la technolo- gie de diffusion mobile pr´ec´edente, connue sous le nom DVB-Handheld (DVB-H), la plupart des travaux traitants ce sujet ont consid´er´eun sc´enarioavec une zone de couverture commune entre le r´eseaude diffusion et celui cellulaire et ont evalu´ecette coop´eration en terme des gains de capacit´eapport´espar DVB au r´eseaucellulaire et en terme d'am´eliorationde la fiabilit´ede transmission apport´eepar les r´eseaux cellulaire au DVB gr^ace`ala possibilit´edes retransmissions unicast. Ce sc´enarioa ´et´ejug´ecomme ´etant co^uteuxvue qu'un dense r´eseauDVB a ´et´e n´ecessaire. Nous proposons, alors, dans cette th`eseun r´eseaucoop´erative o`ucoex- tisent l'op´erateurLTE et celui DVB-T2 Lite (ou ´eventuellement DVB-NGH) dans un sc´enariod'extension de la couverture. En d'autre terme, afin de r´eduireautant que possible le besoin d'ajout d'un nouveau r´eseaude diffusion on propose d'utiliser le syst`emeLTE, planifi´epour assurer une couverture presque universelle pour fournir la t´el´evisionmobile dans les zones non couvertes par DVB d´ej`aimpl´ement´e. Nous consid´erons,dans ce contexte, deux points principaux: 1. Les services de la TV mobile doivent partager les ressources fr´equentielles du LTE avec les autres services tels que le trafic voix. Le caract`eredynamique de 3 ce dernier a un impact sur la qualit´ede service (QoS) de la t´el´evisionmobile; en d'autre termes, le trafic voix ´etant plus prioritaire peut, dans certaines periodes de temps, consommer toutes les ressources fr´equentielles et le LTE ne peut plus servir la TV Mobile. Nous proposons, alors, une nouvelle strat´egiede planification du r´eseaucoop´erative DVB/LTE qui garantit une certaine qualit´e de service sans sur-dimensionner le syst`emeLTE. Nous explorons, dans ce but, l'´evolution des chaines de Markov et la th´eoriedes temps de passage et nous d´erivons plusieurs indicateurs de qualit´ede service relatives `ala performance de la t´el´evisionmobile, tels que la fr´equenceet la dur´eed'interruption de service. 2. Un nouveau mod`ele´economiquequi clarifie les relations entre les diff´erents acteurs de l'´ecosyst`eme(DVB , LTE et les fournisseurs des canaux TV) s'est av´er´en´ecessairedans ce type des r´eseauxcoop´eratifs. En fait, l'absence d'un mod`ele ´economique clair et viable qui r´esoutles conflits mon´etairesentre les op´erateursde t´el´ephonie mobile et ceux de diffusion a ´et´el'un des principaux causes aboutissant `al'´echec de la premi`eretentative de diffusion de la t´el´evision mobile dans le r´eseaucoope´eratifde UMTS et DVB-H.