A Checklist of Publications and Discoveries in 2010
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A rtI cle Numbers of Works about Blake recorded in Blake Books (1977), Blake Books Supplement (1995), and Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly for 1992-2010 567 William Blake and His circle: record Books,5 essays, for including editions and catalogues including reviews A checklist of Publications and 6 BB 1,406 573 254 3,218 595 Discoveries in 2010 BBS 1,010 354 123 4,069 177 Misc.7 1,951 By G. e. Bentley, Jr. 1992-93 54 21 15 279 62 1994 50 16 5 234 84 with the assistance of Hikari Sato 1995 56 22 12 239 74 for Japanese publications 1996 37 14 10 160 136 1997 75 29 11 135 178 1998 69 32 6 233 59 Editors’ notes: Illustrations to the checklist are available in 1999 46 21 3 235 71 the online version of the article, which is also fully searchable 2000 73 13 12 152 56 <http://www.blakequarterly.org>. Addenda and corrigenda to Blake records, 2nd ed. (2004), 2001 57 23 13 181 175 now appear online. They are updated yearly in conjunction 2002 52 26 6 208 45 with the publication of the checklist. 2003 50 17 8 205 47 2004 31 8 6 153 81 2005 43 9 6 139 79 Blake Publications and Discoveries in 2010 2006 110 48 11 237 41 Voting 2007 118 70 17 336 100 William Blake’s father, James, voted in 1774, 1780, and 1784, 2008 193 68 54 330 107 his brother John voted in 1784 and 1788, and his partner, 2009 122 32 30 621 239 James Parker, voted in 1788 and 1790,1 but apparently “the 2010 180 78 13 313 78 2 poet himself never voted,” though he was eligible to do so. Totals 3,832 1,474 615 11,677 4,435 This negative evidence has been used to reinforce the argu- ment that Blake was aloof from practical politics, despite the reprints fiery political strain in his writings and drawings. However, There is a flourishing industry of republishing works related Blake did vote, in 1790.3 Perhaps his political activism should to Blake whose chief virtue is that they are (deservedly) out of be reappraised. print. The chief practitioners seem to be Kessinger Publishing, Thomas Owen Nabu Press, and General Books.8 Note that the Kessinger edi- Thomas Owen, the boy whom Blake took as an apprentice tions are mere digital reprints, with, as they admit, frequent in June 1788,4 was probably born in 1775. His possible work defects. I have seen none of these reprints and confess my under Blake’s direction on the plates for Salzmann’s Elements initial incredulity about some, such as the four separate pub- of Morality (1790-91) is examined by robert N. essick (see lications of 18-44 pages into which emily Hamblen’s On the Salzmann in Part III). Minor Prophecies of William Blake (1930) has been divided. However, as each has an ISBN assigned, I take it that they were The non-english languages recorded for Blake studies in not only advertised but published. 2010 are croatian, Danish, estonian, French, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Macedonian, Norwegian, Polish, Portu- guese, romanian, Serbian, Slovenian, Spanish, and Swedish. In addition, note the number of works published abroad in 5. The books include reprints. english: in Denmark, Germany, India, and Japan. 6. One hundred reviews in BB were published before 1863. 7. The miscellaneous sources include the essick collection, the on- line versions of the Times [london] and the New York Times, reviews in Philological Quarterly (1925-69), and reviews in Blake before 1992, when 1. BR(2) 736, 742. I began reporting reviews in this checklist. 2. BR(2) 736, I am sorry to say. 8. The author is often given as “William Blake, Jr. PhD,” but it is not 3. See the addendum to BR(2) 59, online. clear whether the oddity originates with the publisher or with the agency 4. See the addendum to BR(2) 48, online. such as Google Books which is reporting it. 4 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly Summer 2011 Blake’s Writings crosby and robert N. essick identified for the first time prints of Blake’s lost miniatures of romney in the European Maga- The most exciting discovery was the copy of The Mystical zine (1803) and Hayley’s Life of Romney (1809).14 The evidence Initiations; or, Hymns of Orpheus, translated by Thomas taylor is so plain that it is difficult to understand why they were not (1787), with annotations newly identified as Blake’s by Philip identified long ago. This increases by a third the number of and Joseph cardinale.9 This provides a short but fascinating Blake’s miniatures which have been reproduced. marginalium by Blake and extensive markings of the text, chiefly underlining. The learned and tendentious Platonist Catalogues and Bibliographies Thomas taylor has been fairly reliably associated with Blake in anecdotes10 and more speculatively as a major source for his Newly recorded here are dealers’ catalogues of 1843, 1864, ideas.11 The discovery of Blake’s annotations to the Hymns of 1878, 1879, and 1883 (2), which help to establish the prov- Orpheus, the only direct evidence that he had read taylor, will enances of numbers of Blake’s works. justify a new investigation of the association and connection There were modest exhibitions in 2010 of Blake’s works at of taylor and Blake. the e. J. Pratt library of Victoria University in the Univer- Blake’s long-lost letter of 7 August 1804, known previously sity of toronto and at the Morgan library and Museum. The only through catalogue snippets, was acquired in 2009 by Morgan’s formidable publicity machine secured numerous robert N. essick and masterfully published in full in 2010 by reviews and notices. Mark crosby and essick in Blake. It is an important letter, and the essay about it records a number of significant discoveries Criticism, Biography, and Scholarly Studies related only rather distantly to the text. The perennial popularity ofSongs of Innocence and of Expe- two of the workhorses of Blake scholarship are worthily rience is demonstrated by newly recorded editions of 1988 (in represented here in robert N. essick, “Blake in the Market- Macedonian), 2009 (in Spanish), and 2010. And Blake’s reviv- place, 2009,” and G. e. Bentley, Jr., “William Blake and His ing reputation in the years before Gilchrist’s epoch-marking circle: A checklist of Publications and Discoveries in 2009” biography is indicated by newly recorded printings of poems (see Blake 43.4 and 44.1 in Part VI). in 1839, 1845, 1861, and 1862. A surprising number of papers on Blake were published in collections of essays: in Blake; Queer Blake, ed. Helen P. Blake’s Art/Commercial Engravings Bruder and tristanne connolly; Interfaces; Blake in Our Time, ed. Karen Mulhallen; Romanticism and Its Legacies, ed. ralla One of Blake’s largest paintings, an inn sign made in 1812 Guha Niyogi; Editing and Reading Blake, ed. Wayne c. ripley for chaucer’s tabard or talbot Inn in Southwark, was for the and Justin Van Kleeck; and Tate Papers. first time identified and reproduced in 2010.12 Alas, under Among the more permanently valuable of these essays are outdoor exposure for two-thirds of a century the picture de- Angus Whitehead’s “Mark and eleanor Martin, the Blakes’ teriorated so extensively that at the end of its lifetime its fea- French Fellow Inhabitants at 17 South Molton Street, 1805- tures were virtually indistinguishable, and when the building 21” (see Blake 43.3 in Part VI) and his “‘Went to see Blake— ceased to be an inn the sign was probably abandoned. The inn also to Surgeons college’: Blake and George cumberland’s sign, as recorded in contemporary engravings, is disconcert- Pocketbooks” (see Blake in Our Time, under Mulhallen in ingly different from Blake’s familiar heroic art, and most Blake Part VI). Whitehead is making wonderful discoveries about students are likely to be made uneasy by it if not incredulous Blake’s biographical context. of its connection with Blake. two other essays in Blake in Our Time are particularly valu- Beginning about 1800, Blake made a number of miniatures able. In 1983, Joseph Viscomi and Thomas V. lange first re- for Hayley and his friends, but some have been lost.13 Mark ported that two prints in America (B) were not Blake’s origi- 9. “A Newly Discovered Blake Book” (see Part V and Blake 44.3 in George romney <Butlin #348> untraced Part VI). The taylor volume has been in the Bodleian library since 1928. (self-portrait) (1801) 10. BR(2) 414, 500, 530. William Hayley (1801) Not in Butlin (see BR[2] 107); 11. See especially George Mills Harper, The Neoplatonism of William untraced and unreproduced Blake (chapel Hill: University of North carolina Press, 1961) and Kath- William cowper <Butlin #353> Misses cowper leen raine, Blake and Tradition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, (after romney) (1801) 1968). 12. See Bentley, “Pictura Ignota,” in Part VI. William cowper <Butlin #354> Ashmolean 13. Blake’s known miniatures are: (after romney) (1801-04) Mrs. Hayley (1801) <Butlin #346> untraced and unreproduced Thomas Butts (1801?) <Butlin #376> British Museum Johnny Johnson (1802) <Butlin #347> Mary Barham Johnson Mrs. Butts (1809) <Butlin #377> British Museum George romney <Butlin #348> untraced Thomas Butts, Jr. (1809) <Butlin #378> British Museum (self-portrait) (1801) 14. “‘the fiends of commerce’” (see Blake 44.2 in Part VI). Summer 2011 Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly 5 nals but imitations15 so skillful that they had been taken as mances, pillows, playing cards, podcasts,21 poems about Blake, genuine by generations of Blake scholars.