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South·Africa in Transition
POLITICS OF HOPE AND TERROR: South ·Africa in Transition Report on Violence in South Africa by an American Friends Service Committee Study Team November 1992 The American Friends Service Committee's concern over Southern Africa has grown out of over 60 years of relationships since the first visit by a representative of the organization. In 1982 the AFSC Board of Directors approved the release of a full length book, Challenge and Hope, as a statement of its views on South Africa. Since 1977 the AFSC has had a national Southern Africa educational program in its Peace Education Division. AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE 1501 Cherry Street Philadelphia, PA 19102 (215) 241-7000 AFSC REGIONAL OFFICES: Southeastern Region, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, 92 Piedmont Avenue, NE; Middle Atlantic Region, Baltimore, Maryland 21212, 4806 York Road; New England Region, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, 2161 Massachusetts Avenue; Great Lakes Region, Chicago, Illinois 60605, 59 E. Van Buren Street, Suite 1400; North Central Region, Des Moines, Iowa 50312, 4211 Grand Avenue; New York Metropolitan Region, New York, New York 10003, 15 Rutherford Place; Pacific Southwest Region, Pasadena, California 91103, 980 N. Fair Oaks Avenue; Pacific Mountain Region, San Francisco, California 94121,2160 Lake Street; Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle, Washington 98105, 814 N.E. 40th Street. CONTENTS II THE AFSC DELEGATION 1 PREFACE III POLITICS OF HOPE AND TERROR: South Africa in Transition 1 THE BASIC VIOLENCE 2 ANALYZING THE VIOLENCE 5 THE HIDDEN HAND 7 RETALIATION 9 POLICE INVESTIGATIONS 11 LESSONS FROM THE BOIPATONG MASSACRE 12 HOMELAND VIOLENCE IN CISKEI AND KWAZULU 13 HOMELAND LEADERS BUTHELEZI AND GQOZO 16 CONCLUSION 19 RECOMMENDATIONS 20 ACRONYMS 21 TEAM INTERVIEWS AND MEETINGS 22 THE AFSC DELEGATION TO SOUTH AFRICA The American Friends Service Committee's Board of Directors approved a proposal in June 1992 for a delegation to visit South Africa to study the escalating violence there. -
South Africa
Safrica Page 1 of 42 Recent Reports Support HRW About HRW Site Map May 1995 Vol. 7, No.3 SOUTH AFRICA THREATS TO A NEW DEMOCRACY Continuing Violence in KwaZulu-Natal INTRODUCTION For the last decade South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal region has been troubled by political violence. This conflict escalated during the four years of negotiations for a transition to democratic rule, and reached the status of a virtual civil war in the last months before the national elections of April 1994, significantly disrupting the election process. Although the first year of democratic government in South Africa has led to a decrease in the monthly death toll, the figures remain high enough to threaten the process of national reconstruction. In particular, violence may prevent the establishment of democratic local government structures in KwaZulu-Natal following further elections scheduled to be held on November 1, 1995. The basis of this violence remains the conflict between the African National Congress (ANC), now the leading party in the Government of National Unity, and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), the majority party within the new region of KwaZulu-Natal that replaced the former white province of Natal and the black homeland of KwaZulu. Although the IFP abandoned a boycott of the negotiations process and election campaign in order to participate in the April 1994 poll, following last minute concessions to its position, neither this decision nor the election itself finally resolved the points at issue. While the ANC has argued during the year since the election that the final constitutional arrangements for South Africa should include a relatively centralized government and the introduction of elected government structures at all levels, the IFP has maintained instead that South Africa's regions should form a federal system, and that the colonial tribal government structures should remain in place in the former homelands. -
Bibliography
Bibliography Adler, G. and Webster, E. (eds.) (2000) Trade Unions and Democratization in South Africa 1985±1998. London: Macmillan. Adler, J. (1994) `Life in an Informal Settlement'. Urban Forum, vol. 5, no. 2. Altbeker, A. and Steinberg, J. (1998) `Race, Reason and Representation in National Party Discourse, 1990±1992', in D. Howarth and A. Norval, (eds.) South Africa in Transition: New Theoretical Perspectives. London: Macmillan. Althusser, L. (1990) Philosophy and the Spontaneous Philosophy of the Scientists and Other Essays. London: Verso. Anacleti, O. (1990) `African Non-Governmental OrganisationsÐDo They Have a Future?' in Critical Choices for the NGO Community: African Development in the 1990s. Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh. ANC (African National Congress). (1980) `Strategies and Tactics', in B. Turok (ed.) Revolutionary Thought in the 20th Century. London: Zed Press. ANC (1985) Kabwe Consultative Conference. Unpublished minutes from the Commissions on Cadre Development and Strategies and Tactics. ANC (1986) `Attack! Attack! Give the Enemy No Quarter. Annual anniversary statement by the national executive committee of the ANC, 8 January 1986'. Sechaba, March edition. ANC (1994) The Reconstruction and Development Programme. Johannesburg: Uma- nyano Publications. Anon. (1985) `Building a tradition of resistance'. Work in Progress, no. 12. Anyang'Nyong'o, P. (ed.) (1987) Popular Struggles for Democracy in Africa. London: Zed Press. Atkinson, D. (1991) `Cities and Citizenship: Towards a Normative Analysis of the Urban Order in South Africa, with Special Reference to East London, 1950±1986'. Ph.D. thesis, University of Natal. Atkinson, D. (1992) `Negotiated Urban Development: Lessons from the Coal Face'. Centre for Policy Studies research report no. -
We Were Cut Off from the Comprehension of Our Surroundings
Black Peril, White Fear – Representations of Violence and Race in South Africa’s English Press, 1976-2002, and Their Influence on Public Opinion Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln vorgelegt von Christine Ullmann Institut für Völkerkunde Universität zu Köln Köln, Mai 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The work presented here is the result of years of research, writing, re-writing and editing. It was a long time in the making, and may not have been completed at all had it not been for the support of a great number of people, all of whom have my deep appreciation. In particular, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Michael Bollig, Prof. Dr. Richard Janney, Dr. Melanie Moll, Professor Keyan Tomaselli, Professor Ruth Teer-Tomaselli, and Prof. Dr. Teun A. van Dijk for their help, encouragement, and constructive criticism. My special thanks to Dr Petr Skalník for his unflinching support and encouraging supervision, and to Mark Loftus for his proof-reading and help with all language issues. I am equally grateful to all who welcomed me to South Africa and dedicated their time, knowledge and effort to helping me. The warmth and support I received was incredible. Special thanks to the Burch family for their help settling in, and my dear friend in George for showing me the nature of determination. Finally, without the unstinting support of my two colleagues, Angelika Kitzmantel and Silke Olig, and the moral and financial backing of my family, I would surely have despaired. Thank you all for being there for me. We were cut off from the comprehension of our surroundings; we glided past like phantoms, wondering and secretly appalled, as sane men would be before an enthusiastic outbreak in a madhouse. -
Panel Discussion
ID: International Dialogue, A Multidisciplinary Journal of World Affairs 9 2019 Panel Discussion Are Reparations Possible? Lessons to the United States from South Africa The Honorable Richard Goldstone, Dr. Lewis Gordon, Dr. Alecia Anderson (moderator)* The Honorable Richard Goldstone is a former justice of South Africa’s Constitutional Court. He was instrumental in several key decisions that worked to unravel South Africa’s system of apartheid. He worked closely with Nelson Mandela during the transition from apartheid and headed the Goldstone Commission, which was created to investigate ongoing police violence. Goldstone also served as the first Chief Prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda, prosecuting numerous war crimes. Goldstone has received the International Human Rights Award of the American Bar Association, the Thomas J. Dodd Prize in International Justice and Human Rights, and the MacArthur Award for International Justice. Dr. Lewis Gordon is Professor of Philosophy with affiliations in Jewish Studies, Caribbean and Latinx Studies, Asian and Asian American Studies, and Global Studies at the University of Connecticut at Storrs. He has written extensively on race and racism, postcolonial phenomenology, the works of Frantz Fanon and W.E.B. Du Bois, social and political philosophy, aesthetics, and Black existentialism. Among his many notable accomplishments, Gordon founded the Center for Afro-Jewish Studies in Philadelphia, which provided reliable sources of information on African Diasporic Jewish and Hebrew populations and the Second Chance Program at Lehman High School in New York, which was designed for in-school truants. Gordon also holds Visiting Professor appointments at Toulouse University in France and Rhodes University in South Africa. -
Dispossession, Displacement, and the Making of the Shared Minibus Taxi in Cape Town and Johannesburg, South Africa, 1930-Present
Sithutha Isizwe (“We Carry the Nation”): Dispossession, Displacement, and the Making of the Shared Minibus Taxi in Cape Town and Johannesburg, South Africa, 1930-Present A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Elliot Landon James IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Allen F. Isaacman & Helena Pohlandt-McCormick November 2018 Elliot Landon James 2018 copyright Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................. ii List of Abbreviations ......................................................................................................iii Prologue .......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 ....................................................................................................................... 17 Introduction: Dispossession and Displacement: Questions Framing Thesis Chapter 2 ....................................................................................................................... 94 Historical Antecedents of the Shared Minibus Taxi: The Cape Colony, 1830-1930 Chapter 3 ..................................................................................................................... 135 Apartheid, Forced Removals, and Public Transportation in Cape Town, 1945-1978 Chapter 4 .................................................................................................................... -
A Spartacist Pamphlet $1
A Spartacist Pamphlet $1 July 1991"~~~~$'X523 Spartacist Publishing Co., Box 1377 GPO, New York, NY 10116 2 Introduction The release of Nelson Mandela from the serving as a summary of the recent period tional Congress and other anti-apartheid or prison hellholes where he had spent 27 of struggle. We follow with "South Africa: ganizations under the underground condi years was greeted by black militants and Razor's Edge," a major article from our tions forced upon them by totalitarian re anti-racist fighters in South Africa and press during the critical 1984-86 years of pression, have now burst forth more openly:' throughout the world as a symbol of the the township revolts. Here we laid out the the effect of the "divestment"/sanctions impending collapse of the brutal rule of the stakes in the anti-apartheid struggle and dis strategy; the refurbished schemes for apartheid system. But even as the masses of cw.. sed some important aspects of the his "power sharing"; the question of the role black South Africans in the urban shanty tory and social structure of South Africa of the working class; the debate over the towns and in the impoverished townships which have shaped the confrontation be notion of "two-stage" revolution; the im were cheering his release and raising anew tween the racist police state and the masses plications for communists worldwide of the their demands for "Amandla," the debates of black working people. deepening collapse of Stalinism in the were raging with renewed intensity among The subsequent articles, reprinted in USSR and Eastern Europe. -
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report
VOLUME THREE Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report The report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was presented to President Nelson Mandela on 29 October 1998. Archbishop Desmond Tutu Ms Hlengiwe Mkhize Chairperson Dr Alex Boraine Mr Dumisa Ntsebeza Vice-Chairperson Ms Mary Burton Dr Wendy Orr Revd Bongani Finca Adv Denzil Potgieter Ms Sisi Khampepe Dr Fazel Randera Mr Richard Lyster Ms Yasmin Sooka Mr Wynand Malan* Ms Glenda Wildschut Dr Khoza Mgojo * Subject to minority position. See volume 5. Chief Executive Officer: Dr Biki Minyuku I CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to Regional Profiles ........ 1 Appendix: National Chronology......................... 12 Chapter 2 REGIONAL PROFILE: Eastern Cape ..................................................... 34 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Eastern Cape........................................................... 150 Chapter 3 REGIONAL PROFILE: Natal and KwaZulu ........................................ 155 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in Natal, KwaZulu and the Orange Free State... 324 Chapter 4 REGIONAL PROFILE: Orange Free State.......................................... 329 Chapter 5 REGIONAL PROFILE: Western Cape.................................................... 390 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Western Cape ......................................................... 523 Chapter 6 REGIONAL PROFILE: Transvaal .............................................................. 528 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Transvaal ...................................................... -
'A LIBERAL of ANOTHER COLOUR' Tom Lodge
The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. REVIEW TRANSFORMATION 16 (1991) Review Article 'A LIBERAL OF ANOTHER COLOUR' Tom Lodge Pogrund's (1990) biography of Robert Sobukwe tells two stories. The first is a fairly straightforward 'life and times' of a politician: childhood, upbringing, education, professional career, intellectual formation, and organisational ac- tivities - a narrative generally confined to the public personality and not the private man. The second story concerns the development of a friendship; it dominates the second half of the book and takes place in the later part of Sobukwe's life. It is a much more intimate story and reveals private emotions and inner feelings. The first story is constructed largely from other people's recollections; the second rests much more firmly on Pogrund's first hand knowledge as well as Sobukwe's own testimony through his correspondence. A major difficulty for any reviewer is to decide whether the two stories are about the same person. The first story represents a solid contribution to the existing literature on black South African politics. Sobukwe was an influential leader and played a decisive role in the formation of African nationalist opposition to apartheid; a comprehen- sive biography has long been overdue. Pogrund begins by supplying a substantial quantity of information about his subject's childhood and education. -
Chapter 3 Making the Road.Fm
A MENSCH ON THE BENCH: THE PLACE OF THE SACRED IN THE SECULAR JURISPRUDENCE OF JUSTICE RICHARD GOLDSTONE HAPTER C 3 Michael Cosser Source: http://www.constitutionalcourt.org.za/site/judges/justicerichardgoldstone/index1.html 1 Introduction Justice Richard Goldstone was one of four Supreme Court of Appeal judges (along with Lourens Ackermann, Tholie Madala and Ismail Mohamed) appointed to the first Bench of the Constitutional Court. The appointment was made by President Mandela, in consultation with the cabinet and the then Chief Justice, Judge Michael Corbett, after the appointment of Arthur Chaskalson, senior counsel and the national director of the Legal Resources Centre, as President of the Constitutional Court had been made.148 Justice Goldstone served as a judge of the Court from his appointment in 1994 to his retirement in 2003 – a period of ten years. 148 Constitutional Court of South Africa ‘ABOUT THE COURT | History of the court’ http://www.constitutionalcourt.org.za/site/thecourt/history.htm#judges (accessed 13 February 2017). 44 Justice Richard Goldstone 45 Goldstone’s service on the Bench of the Constitutional Court forms part of a long and illustrious career as a corporate lawyer, as a Supreme and Appellate Court judge, and as the head of various inquiries, both South African and international, into issues of local and international importance. The focus of this chapter, while it charts key moments in his career, is on his contribution to our understanding of the South African Constitution – an understanding forged both through what others have said about him and what he has said about himself in relation to the law and specifically about the Constitution, through the judgements he has handed down from the Benches of all the courts on which he has served, and through his extra-curial pronouncements, whether in interviews, speeches, reports, articles, or books. -
South Africa
SOUTHERN AFRICA PROJECT SOUTH AFRICA: TIlE COUNTDOWN TO ELECTIONS Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law 1450 G Street, N.W., Suite 400 • Washington, D.C. 20005 • (202) 662-8342 Issue 5: I anuary 28, 1994 ANC ANNOUNCES NATIONAL LIST FOR NATIONAL ASSEMBLY On January 24th, the African National Congress made public its National Election List for the National Assembly. As reported in the previous issue of Countdown, names will be drawn from the list below to fill seats in the legislature in the order that they appear on the list. Prominent people not appearing on the list such as ANC Deputy Secretary General Jacob Zuma have chosen to serve at the provincial level. [See Issue 4]. Profiles of nominees and lists submitted by other parties will appear in subsequent issues of Countdown. I. Nelson R Mandela 40. Mavivi Manzini 79 . Elijah Barayi 2. Cyril M Ramaphosa 41. Philip Dexter 80. Iannie Momberg 3. Thabo Mbeki 42. Prince lames Mahlangu 81. Prince M. Zulu 4. Ioe Siovo 43. Smangaliso Mkhatshwa 82. Elias Motswaledi 5. Pallo Iordan 44. Alfred Nzo 83. Dorothy Nyembe 6. lay Naidoo 45. Alec Erwin 84. Derek Hanekom 7. Ahmed Kathrada 46. Gregory Rockman 85. Mbulelo Goniwe 8. Ronnie Kasrils 47. Gill Marcus 86. Melanie Verwoerd 9. Sydney Mufamadi 48. Ian van Eck 87. Sankie Nkondo 10. Albertina Sisulu 49. Thandi Modise 88. Pregs Govender II. Thozamile Botha 50. Shepherd Mdladlana 89 . Lydia Kompe 12. Steve Tshwete 51. Nkosazana Zuma 90. Ivy Gcina 13. Bantu Holomisa 52. Nosiviwe Maphisa 91. Ela Ghandi 14. IeffRadebe 53. R. van den Heever 92. -
Amnesty for the South African Government
SOUTHERN AFRICA PROJECT Gay J. McDougall, Director AMNESTY FOR THE SOUTH AFRICAN GOVERNMENT Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law 1400 Eye Street, NW, Suite 400 • Washington, DC 20005 • (202) 371·1212 Who should be held responsible for the human rights abuses and violence which have been inextricable elements of apartheid? Will the transition to democracy in South Africa be served or undermined if such crimes are forgotten or forgiven? These questions have been the center of focus in South Africa for nearly three years. In the bilateral talks held between the South African government and the African National Congress since the middle of 1990, the two most contested issues have been the release of political prisoners and indemnity for political offenses. That process, which at the time was understood to apply solely to anti-apartheid activists, has now been extended by the South African government to encompass pro-apartheid actors, most importantly, government security forces. On November 9, 1992, President de Klerk enacted the Further Indemnity Act which grants liberal amnesty to all those whose criminal actions committed before October 8, 1990, are found to have been motivated by "political objectives". The clear intent is to absolve security force personnel whose crimes were committed in defense of apartheid and under color of government authority. The passage of the Act occurred in the context of mounting evidence of security force involvement at the highest levels in assassination squads and township violence. THE CRIMES OF APARTHEID In international law, political offenses are usually deemed to have taken place during some form of anti-state activity, such as an uprising or other expression of dissent.