Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Hoole Gate, Chester

ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK-BASED ASSESSMENT

HOOLE GATE CHESTER

July 2013

Planning Authority: Cheshire West and Chester Council

Site centred at: SJ 432 681

Author: Dr Robert Smith CEnv CGeog CSci C.WEM FRGS MCIWEM MIfA

Rachel Morse MA MIfA

Approved by: Dr Robert Smith CEnv CGeog CSci C.WEM FRGS MCIWEM MIfA

Report Status: Final

Issue Date: July 2013

CgMs Ref: RS/RM/15204

No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent.

Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report.

CONTENTS

Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Planning Background and Development Plan Framework 3.0 Geology and Topography 4.0 Archaeological/Historical Background and Assessment of Significance 5.0 Site Conditions, the Proposed Development and Impact on Heritage Assets 6.0 Summary and Conclusions

Sources Consulted

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1 Site location Figure 2 Site details Figure 3 HER Data Plot Figure 4 1777 Burdett’s Map Figure 5 1819 Greenwood’s Map Figure 6 1839 Tithe Map of Plemstall and Chester St John Figure 7 1881 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 8 1899 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 9 1911 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 10 1938 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 11 1954 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 12 1968 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 13 1982 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 14 1989 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 15 2006 Ordnance Survey Map Figure 16 2013 Ordnance Survey Map

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Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Hoole Gate, Chester

LIST OF PLATES

Plate 1 View looking south from the centre of the Site Plate 2 View looking north-east from the centre of the Site Plate 3 View looking east towards the centre of the Site from its western boundary

APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER (SCHEDULED MONUMENT)

APPENDIX 2: GAZETTEER (LISTED BUILDINGS)

APPENDIX 3: GAZETTEER (MONUMENT RECORD)

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Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Hoole Gate, Chester

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This desk-based assessment considers land approximately 26.6 hectares in extent at Hoole Gate, Chester.

In accordance with government policy (National Planning Policy Framework [NPPF]), this assessment draws together the available archaeological, historic, topographic and land-use information in order to clarify the heritage significance and archaeological potential of the site.

Development of the site would not have any impact on Conservation Areas, Registered Parks and Gardens or Registered Battlefields.

A Scheduled Monument (part of a Roman Camp at Hoole, c. 200 m south of Hoole Hall) is located within the site. No development is proposed within the Scheduled Monument and negligible harm to its setting or significance is anticipated due to the neutral contribution of the setting to its significance.

Development has the theoretical potential to impact the setting and significance of three Grade II Listed Buildings which lie to the west of the site. Negligible harm to the setting or significance of these assets is anticipated due to the neutral contribution of the setting to their significance.

This assessment has considered the potential for as yet to be discovered archaeological assets and concludes that there is high potential for archaeological evidence from the Roman period, and low/nil potential for evidence from the prehistoric, Saxon, Medieval and Post-Medieval periods.

In light of the above, it is anticipated that further archaeological work will be required. This could take the form of a field evaluation and discussions with the Council’s archeological advisor are underway to clarify the nature and timing of this work.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY

1.1 This desk-based assessment has been researched and prepared by Robert Smith and Rachel Morse of CgMs Consulting on behalf of HIMOR Group Ltd.

1.2 The assessment examines a site, also referred to as the study site, at Hoole Gate, Chester (Figure 1).

1.3 The study site is approximately 26.6 hectares in extent; this represents the wider site boundary (shown by the blue line in Figure 2). HIMOR has entered into an agreement with the owners of 10.3 hectares of land adjacent to Hoole Hall to promote it through the Cheshire West & Chester (CW&C) development plan. The land is identified at Figure 1 (on the enclosed / attached location plan) and it is HIMOR’s view that it, together with the adjoining land, might form a comprehensive urban extension, which (we) HIMOR have called Hoole Gate, to Chester. The adjoining landowners have been approached about entering in to the promotion agreement.

1.4 The site is bounded by the A41 Ring Road to the west, A56 to the north-west and east, Manchester to Chester Railway Line to the north, and Guilden Sutton Lane to the south-east and south. Hoole Hall (which has been converted into a hotel) abuts the west of the site. The site is centred at National Grid Reference SJ 432 681.

1.5 In accordance with government policy (National Planning Policy Framework [NPPF]), this assessment draws together the available archaeological, historic, topographic and land-use information in order to clarify the heritage significance and archaeological potential of the site.

1.6 Additionally, in accordance with the Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk- Based Assessments (Institute for Archaeologists 1999 [revised 2012]), the assessment includes the results of several site inspections (March and June 2013), an examination of published and unpublished records, and charts historic land-use through a map regression exercise.

1.7 An initial pre-application consultation has been undertaken with Julie Edwards (Senior Archaeologist, Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service) and Moya Watson (Senior Historic Environment Record Officer, Cheshire West and Chester Council).

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1.8 As a result, the assessment enables relevant parties to assess the significance of heritage/archaeological assets on and close to the site and consider the potential for hitherto undiscovered archaeological assets, thus enabling potential impacts on assets to be identified along with the need for design, civil engineering or archaeological solutions.

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2.0 PLANNING BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN FRAMEWORK

2.1 In March 2012, the government published the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), which replaces previous national policy relating to heritage and archaeology (Planning Policy Statement [PPS]5: Planning for the Historic Environment [2010]).

2.1.1 Section 12 of the NPPF, entitled ‘Conserving and enhancing the historic environment’ provides guidance for planning authorities, property owners, developers and others on the conservation and investigation of heritage assets. Overall, the objectives of Section 12 of the NPPF can be summarised as seeking the:

 Delivery of sustainable development  Understanding the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits brought by the conservation of the historic environment  Conservation of England's heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance and  Recognition of the value that heritage makes to our knowledge and understanding of the past.

2.1.2 Section 12 of the NPPF recognises that intelligently managed change may sometimes be necessary if heritage assets are to be maintained for the long term. Paragraph 128 states that planning decisions should be based on the significance of the heritage asset, and that the level of detail supplied by an applicant should be proportionate to the importance of the asset and should be no more than sufficient to review the potential effect of the proposal upon the significance of that asset.

2.1.3 Heritage assets are defined in Annex 2 of the NPPF as:

A building, monument, site, place, area or landscape positively identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions.

They include designated heritage assets (as defined in the NPPF) and assets identified by the Local Planning Authority.

2.1.4 Annex 2 also defines archaeological interest as:

A heritage asset which holds or potentially could hold, evidence of past human activity worthy of expert investigation at some point. Heritage assets with archaeological

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interest are the primary source of evidence about the substance and evolution of places, and of the people and cultures that made them.

2.1.5 A designated heritage asset comprises a:

World Heritage Site, Scheduled Monument, Listed Building, Protected Wreck Site, Registered Park and Garden, Registered Battlefield or Conservation Area.

2.1.6 Significance is defined as:

The value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.

2.1.7 In short, government policy provides a framework which:

 Protects nationally important designated heritage assets (which comprise World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Listed Buildings, Protected Wreck Sites, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields or Conservation Areas)  Protects the settings of such designations  In appropriate circumstances seeks adequate information (from desk-based assessment and where necessary field evaluation) to enable informed decisions and  Provides for the excavation and investigation of sites not significant enough to merit in-situ preservation.

2.2 In considering any planning application for development, the planning authority will be mindful of the framework set by government policy, in this instance the NPPF, by current development plan policy and by other material considerations.

2.3 Until the adoption of the Local Development Framework (LDF), the relevant development plan framework is provided by the Chester District Local Plan (2006). This document contains the following relevant policies which provide a framework for the consideration of development proposals affecting heritage and archaeology:

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POLICY ENV31: Sites of National Importance

Development proposals which would adversely affect the site or setting of an existing or proposed Scheduled Ancient Monument or other nationally important sites and monuments will be refused.

POLICY ENV32: Evaluation of Archaeological Sites

Where development proposals affect sites of known or potential archaeological interest, the City Council will require an archaeological assessment/evaluation to be submitted as part of the planning application. Planning permission will not be granted without the adequate assessment of the nature, extent and significance of the remains and the degree to which the proposed development is likely to affect them.

POLICY ENV33: Sites of Regional or County Importance (Grade A Sites)

Development proposals affecting the site or setting of a site of regional or county importance will only be permitted if the integrity of the archaeological remains has been secured.

POLICY ENV34: Sites of District or Local Importance, Including Stray Finds (Grades B and C Sites)

Development proposals affecting the site or setting of a site of District or Local importance will be permitted where it can be demonstrated that the particular site or monument can be preserved in situ or, where this is not feasible, by record.

POLICY ENV45: Protection of Listed Buildings

Planning permission will be refused for proposals that fail to have regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses.

2.4 There are no designated assets (Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas, Registered Parks and Gardens or Registered Battlefields) within the study site boundary.

2.5 A Scheduled Monument (part of a Roman Camp at Hoole, c. 200 m south of Hoole Hall [HER 1970/7 on Figure 3; Appendix 1]) is located within the south-west of the site. It is subject to Policy ENV31 of the Chester District Local Plan (2006).

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2.6 Three Grade II Listed Buildings (a conservatory attached to the south front of Hoole Hall [HER DCH6025 on Figure 3; Appendix 2], Hoole Hall [HER DCH6033 on Figure 3; Appendix 2], and a ha ha wall and railings of west terrace at Hoole Hall [HER DCH6034 on Figure 3; Appendix 2]) bound the west of the site. A further three Grade II Listed Buildings (Pinfold [HER DCH6026 on Figure 3; Appendix 2], 102a Hoole Road [HER DCH6581 on Figure 3; Appendix 2] and Rose Cottage [HER DCH6605 on Figure 3; Appendix 2]) are located within the surroundings of the site. All six buildings are subject to Policy ENV45 of the Chester District Local Plan (2006).

2.7 The three Listed Buildings situated within the surroundings of the site are either in an urban context or far enough away so that no additional impact upon their settings or significance is anticipated. As such, they will not be discussed further.

2.8 In light of the above, this assessment will consider both the designated Scheduled Monument within the site boundary and the three Grade II Listed Buildings in close proximity to the site, along with non-designated archaeological assets, and, in accordance with NPPF and the Chester District Local Plan (2006) Policies ENV31-34, assess the potential of the site to contain as yet to be discovered archaeological assets.

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3.0 GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY

3.1 Geology

3.1.1 The majority of the study site comprises Diamicton Till (formerly known as Boulder Clay), with patches of Sand and Gravel Glaciofluvio Deposits in the north and north- east. These are underlain by Pebbly (Gravelly) Sandstone of Chester Pebble Beds Formation.

3.2 Topography

3.2.1 The study site is located in an area of ‘Ancient Field Systems’ (as shown in the Cheshire Historic Landscape Characterisation [Cheshire County Council and English Heritage 2007]). It currently comprises rough grazing land (Plates 1-3).

3.2.2 The site is slightly undulating, lying at a height of c. 40 m Above Ordnance Datum (AOD).

3.2.3 The soils are generally pelo-stagnogley soils, which suffer from standing water and are difficult to cultivate (graded classes 3-4).

3.2.4 Several small ponds are located in the north-west and south of the site.

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4.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

The timescales used in this report are as follows:

Prehistoric Palaeolithic 450,000 - 12,000 BC Mesolithic 12,000 - 4,000 BC Neolithic 4,000 - 1,800 BC Bronze Age 1,800 - 600 BC Iron Age 600 - AD 43

Historic Roman AD 43 - 410 Saxon/Early Medieval AD 410 - 1066 Medieval AD 1066 - 1485 Post-Medieval AD 1486 - 1800 Modern AD 1800 - Present

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 This assessment is based on a consideration of evidence in the Cheshire Historic Environment Record (HER) for the study site and a zone 1 km in extent around it. Cheshire Record Office, and Cheshire Archives and Local Studies were also visited in order to examine historic maps and aerial photographs relating to the site.

4.1.2 A Scheduled Monument is located within the south-west of the site. There are no non- designated (i.e. archaeological finds and features) assets on the site. Non-designated archaeological assets in the wider study area are reviewed below, detailed in the Gazetteer (Appendix 3: Monument Record) and their locations shown on Figure 3.

4.1.3 This chapter reviews existing archaeological evidence for the site and the archaeological/historical background of the general area and, in accordance with NPPF, considers the archaeological interest of the site.

4.1.4 Chapter 5 subsequently considers the site conditions and whether the theoretical potential identified in this chapter is likely to survive.

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4.2 Prehistoric

4.2.1 There are no recorded prehistoric archaeological assets within the study site, and no evidence to suggest that there was any particularly significant density of human activity in the area during this period.

4.2.2 The only evidence of prehistoric activity within the wider area is indicated by a Neolithic stone axe which was recovered c. 300 m to the south of the site (HER 7088 on Figure 3; Appendix 3).

4.3 Roman

4.3.1 A Scheduled Monument (part of a Roman Camp at Hoole, c. 200 m south of Hoole Hall [HER 1970/7 on Figure 3; Appendix 1]) is located within the south-west of the site. This site represents part of a series of Roman camps extending from Christleton to Picton, several of which lie within the wider surroundings of the site.

4.3.2 The spacing of the Roman camps is fairly even and there is no over-lapping, especially in the Upton-Picton group. This demonstrates either that the sites were all in contemporary occupation, or that they were built sequentially with later camps sited in respect of their predecessors.

4.3.3 It is possible that the Roman road at Mannings Lane (HER 2417/1/10 on Figure 3; Appendix 3) represented a limit to this group. There is another group of camps south of this road which form a line parallel to the road, and its is conceivable that this road and the main eastward road from Chester (Vicar’s Cross Road) may have defined blocks of activity. The location of the camps may have been constrained by the existence of good quality arable land in the Hoole area which could have been exploited during the Roman period, and which subsequently was used as open field during the Medieval period (but this remains speculation).

4.3.4 Mannings Lane almost certainly follows the line of the Roman road between Chester and Wilderspool (route 701) and passed from the junction of Birkenhead Road and Parkside Road in Chester, probably along Brook Lane to Hoole Bank (Margary 1967, 304-5; Petch 1987, 221). Place-name and field name evidence point to the existence of a ‘paved’ road, which is the meaning of Pavement Croft and Street Field in the 1839 Tithe Apportionment of Plemstall and Chester St John. The characteristic straight

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alignment of the road together with field-names and the street name given to this alignment convincingly argues for a Roman origin.

4.3.5 Within the surroundings of the site, two enclosures (Piper’s Ash Enclosure [HER 1970/10 on Figure 3; Appendix 3] and Bellevue Farm Enclosure [HER 1970/9 on Figure 3; Appendix 3]) are located c. 250 m and 600 m to the east of the site, respectively. A Roman coin (HER 1924 on Figure 3; Appendix 3) is also situated c. 600 m to the north of the site.

4.4 Saxon/Medieval

4.4.1 There are no recorded Saxon/Early Medieval archaeological assets within the study site boundary.

4.4.2 Within the surroundings of the site, a Medieval hollow way (Newton Hollows Lane [HER 11356 on Figure 3; Appendix 3] is located c. 600 m to the west of the site.

4.4.3 Our knowledge of settlement patterns in the Chester area during the Saxon/Medieval period is largely based on place-name evidence and the Domesday Book. Hoole itself is not mentioned in the Domesday Book, but as this was a compilation of resources and states, rather than of villages or places (Sawyer and Thacker 1978), this does not mean that the place was unoccupied at the time. Indeed, Thacker has suggested that land within Upton-by-Chester, which amounted to half a hide by Herbert, was the same land as four bovates in Hoole given by Herbert the jerkin maker to Chester Abbey before 1119.

4.4.4 Hoole, in common with other townships around the north and east of Chester, are (in general) small by comparison with the rest of Cheshire, and probably demonstrates a relatively high concentration of population in the late Saxon period when the township structure was developing and boundaries were being fixed.

4.4.5 There were several important houses in the township during this period, of which two at least appear to have had a Medieval origin. During the late Medieval and Post- Medieval period, the manor house was Hoole Lodge. In the early 19th century Hoole Lodge was occupied by Charles Hamilton Esq.

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4.4.6 Hoole Old Hall, which by the early 19th century had become a farmhouse, was thought to have been the grange of the Abbots of Chester. The Abbot certainly had an estate in Hoole which had been purchased from John de Hoole in the reign of Edward II (1307- 27).

4.4.7 The Bunburys of Stanney also held land in Hoole before the reign of Henry VI (1422- 61). In the 17th century, Sir Henry Bunbury had a seat at Holle, Hoole Hall, which was destroyed in 1642 during the siege of Chester; the hall had been praised by Webb in his ‘King’s Vale-Royall’ (1662, ii, 59-60). In 1757, Hoole Hall was purchased by the Revd J Baldwin, and in 1800 it was sold to the Revd Dr Peploe Ward (Hanshall 1817, 348). Ormerod, writing in the early 19th century, noted that ‘the site of Hoole Hall on this estate is still marked by strong stone foundations, adjacent to the village of Hoole, near the second mile stone on the Frodsham road’ (1882, 813).

4.4.8 Two important elements of the Medieval landscape of Hoole were Hoole Heath and Hoole Road. The latter was referred to frequently, often as the Rake (meaning ‘a narrow road’) in Medieval documents from 1309 onwards (Dodgson 1972, 130). Hoole Heath occupied the southern part of the township and formed part of the common pasture for the citizens of Chester. The heath was reserved for military barracks in times of war. Hoole Heath was one of the sanctuaries for criminals appointed by the Earls of Chester within the Palatinate of Chester, along with Rudheath and King’s Marsh. In time of war in Wales ‘all lawful men of the Earl of Chester and of the King….were wont to have refuge and receipt on Hole Heath with their goods, necessaries, and beasts, for a year and a day’, while the citizens of Chester had common of pasture there at all times (Hanshall 1817, 348; Dodgson 1972, 130). The bounds of Hoole Heath were described in 1339 as extending from ‘the yate called Chester yatem nygh Flokersbroke, and so folloyng Wysnaysichnere a cet’eyne place wher a grange of the p’sons of the Church of Plemondestow sometime being…neare Hogheshey a’ynst Pykton Dale unto Saltesway, which is the Kyng’s Highway ner Chest’r…and so flooyng….unto Sasse Diche, and so unto the town of Newton…’ (cited in Hanshall 1817, 348). The general area of the Heath can be discerned from field names in the 1839 Tithe map of Plemstall and Chester St John (Figure 6) while the bounds indicate that it lay in the southern part of the township, bordered by Picton, Newton and Flookerbrook. Dodgson describes it as lost, but gives a general national grid reference at SJ 4267 (1972, 130). Already by the 14th century the Abbot of Chester and others were involved in attempts to enclose the heath for their own benefit

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(Ormerod 1882, 813). The heath was being enclosed during the 17th century, giving rise to disputes between the Earl of Shrewsbury and the citizens of Chester.

4.5 Post-Medieval/Modern (including map regression exercise)

4.5.1 There are no recorded archaeological assets of Post-Medieval date within the study site.

4.5.2 In the surroundings of the site, several Post-Medieval assets are recorded (Figure 3; Appendix 3). However, none of these are considered to be particularly relevant to this assessment of the site.

4.5.3 Hoole is represented on the earliest maps of the county, including Burdett’s map of 1777 (Figure 4) and Greenwood’s map of 1819 (Figure 5). Hoole Hall is shown to the south of Hoole Road (named on later maps), Pipers Lane lies to the west of the Hall and Guilden Sutton Lane is shown to the south-east (both named on subsequent maps). Greenwood’s map (Figure 5) also indicates gardens surrounding Hoole Hall and to the west.

4.5.4 The earliest available map which denotes the site in detail is the 1839 Tithe map of Plemstall and Chester St John (Figure 6). The site comprises a number of pasture and meadow fields. The landowner was the Earl of Shrewsbury, with several owner occupiers. Several ponds are located within the centre of the site. A small building lies within the north-west of the site. Hoole Hall (its landscaped gardens and associated outbuildings) is situated to the west. Several buildings bound the north-west of the site, along Hoole Road.

4.5.5 There is little change between the 1839 Tithe map of Plemstall and Chester St John (Figure 6) and the Ordnance Survey 1881 (Figure 7) edition, with the exception of the small building in the north-west of the site no longer being extant, and several additional ponds evident in the south, north and east of the site. The buildings along Hoole Road are also no longer extant. The Manchester to Chester Railway Line bounds the north of the site.

4.5.6 The Ordnance Survey map of 1899 (Figure 8) shows that the landscaped gardens of Hoole Hall have expanded into the south-west of the site. Additional outbuildings and

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access tracks associated with the Hall and its formal grounds are shown to the west of the site.

4.5.7 There is little change between the Ordnance Survey map of 1899 (Figure 8), and the Ordnance Survey 1911 (Figure 9) and 1938 (Figure 10) editions, with the exception of a building (presumably associated with Hoole Hall) located within the west of the site, and several residential buildings (including Lynton Lodge and Woodseal) along Hoole Road and Guilden Sutton Lane shown beyond the site boundary. The landscaped gardens of Hoole Hall no longer extend into the south-west of the site.

4.5.8 The Ordnance Survey map of 1954 (Figure 11) indicates development of the A41 Ring Road which abuts the south-west of the site.

4.5.9 The Ordnance Survey 1968 edition (Figure 12) shows two buildings in the west and north-west of the site.

4.5.10 There is little change between the Ordnance Survey 1968 edition (Figure 12), and the Ordnance Survey maps of 1982 (Figure 13) and 1989 (Figure 14), with the exception of a reservoir bounding the south of the site.

4.5.11 The Ordnance Survey 2006 edition (Figure 15) shows that the two buildings in the west and the building in the north of the site are no longer extant. Ponds are also not shown in the centre of the site. Some of the outbuildings associated with Hoole Hall to the west of the site are no longer extant.

4.5.12 There is no change between the Ordnance Survey 2006 edition (Figure 15) and the Ordnance Survey map of 2013 (Figure 16).

4.6 Assessment of Significance

4.6.1 There are no designated assets (Listed Buildings, Conservation Areas, Registered Parks and Gardens or Registered Battlefields) within the study site boundary.

4.6.2 A Scheduled Monument (part of a Roman Camp at Hoole, c. 200 m south of Hoole Hall) is located within the south-west of the site. This site represents part of a series of Roman camps extending from Christleton to Picton, several of which lie within the wider surroundings of the site. The significance of the Roman Camp is derived from its

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archaeological (evidential) significance, and as a designated asset, is of national significance. The site does not make a positive contribution to the significance of the monument.

4.6.3 Within the surroundings of the site, two enclosures of Roman date are located c. 250 m and 600 m to the east of the site. Several Roman roads are situated to the north- west of the site. A Roman coin is also situated c. 600 m to the north of the site. Therefore, the potential for as yet to be discovered archaeological finds and features on the site from this period is considered to be high.

4.6.4 Three Grade II Listed Buildings (a conservatory attached to the south front of Hoole Hall, Hoole Hall, and a ha ha wall and railings of west terrace at Hoole Hall) bound the west of the site. As designated assets, these are considered to be of national significance, being derived from their architectural, aesthetic and historic interest, and their group value. Although of 18th century date, the main house was subject to major extension in the 19th century and was then derelict for some years until the 1980’s when it was converted into a hotel, with significant additional development within the grounds. The setting of this group of assets is its landscaped grounds, with mature trees and vegetation marking the former extent of the estate, including a tree-lined driveway. The site is considered to make a neutral contribution to the significance of this group of assets.

4.6.5 No recorded archaeological assets from the prehistoric, Saxon, Medieval and Post- Medieval periods are evident within the site. Therefore, the potential for as yet to be discovered archaeological finds and features from these periods is considered to be low/nil.

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5.0 SITE CONDITIONS, THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT ON HERITAGE ASSESTS

5.1 Site Conditions

5.1.1 Several site visits were undertaken in March and June 2013. As described above, the study site is approximately 26.6 hectares in extent. It is located in an area of ‘Ancient Field Systems’. The site currently comprises rough grazing land. It is slightly undulating, lying at a height of c. 40 m AOD. Several small ponds are located in the north-west and south of the site.

5.2 The Proposed Development

5.2.1 The site is proposed for residential development. It is considered that the wider site boundary (Figure 2) might form a comprehensive urban extension.

5.3 Impact on Heritage Assets

5.3.1 Development of the site would not have any impact on Conservation Areas, Registered Parks and Gardens or Registered Battlefields.

5.3.2 A Scheduled Monument is located within the site. Although no development is proposed within the scheduled area, the proposed development still has the theoretical potential to impact on its setting and significance. However, the current setting of the monument does not make a positive contribution to its archaeological significance, and therefore the impact on the setting and significance of the monument is regarded as negligible.

5.3.3 Development of the site has the potential to impact on the setting and significance of three Grade II Listed Buildings to the west of the site. Whilst there would be some inter-visibility with the site, it is not considered to make an important contribution to the setting and significance of these assets. The impact of the proposed development on the setting and significance of the Listed Buildings is therefore regarded as negligible.

5.3.4 The NPPF outlines that there is a presumption in favour of sustainable development (paragraph 14). Paragraphs 132 to 133 of the NPPF cover the balance between public benefits and harm to designated heritage assets. Paragraph 132 states that the

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greater the importance of an asset, the greater the weight given to its conservation should be. Development resulting in substantial harm to a Scheduled Monument, and Grade I and II* Listed Buildings should be wholly exceptional, and substantial harm to a Grade II Listed Building should be exceptional. Paragraph 134 of the NPPF states that where the harm is less than substantial, the harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposed development.

5.3.5 Consequently, because there is considered to be less than substantial harm to the significance of the Scheduled Monument and the three Grade II Listed Buildings, the economic and public benefits of the planning application submission will need to weighed against the negligible harm to the designated heritage assets.

5.3.6 This assessment has considered the potential for as yet to be discovered archaeological assets and concludes that there is high potential for archaeological evidence from the Roman period, and low/nil potential for evidence from the prehistoric, Saxon, Medieval and Post-Medieval periods.

5.3.7 In light of the above, it is anticipated that further archaeological work will be required. This could take the form of a field evaluation and discussions with the Council’s archeological advisor are underway to clarify the nature and timing of this work.

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6.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

6.1 This desk-based assessment considers land approximately 26.6 hectares in extent at Hoole Gate, Chester.

6.2 In accordance with government policy (National Planning Policy Framework), the assessment draws together the available archaeological, historic, topographic and land-use information in order to clarify the heritage significance and archaeological potential of the study site.

6.3 A Scheduled Monument is located within the south-west of the site. However, no significant impacts on the setting and significance of this monument is anticipated. Consequently, as there is considered to be less than substantial harm to the significance of this asset, the economic and public benefits of the planning application submission should be weighed against the negligible harm to it.

6.4 Three Grade II Listed Buildings lie to the west of the site. However, no significant impacts on the setting and significance of these designated assets is anticipated. Consequently, as there is considered to be less than substantial harm to the significance of these assets, the economic and public benefits of the planning application submission should be weighed against the negligible harm to these designated heritage assets.

6.5 In light of the above, this desk-based assessment has established that development of the site would not have any significant impact on the settings or significance of designated assets.

6.6 The site has high potential for archaeological evidence from the Roman period, and low/nil potential for evidence from the prehistoric, Saxon, Medieval and Post-Medieval periods.

6.7 As such, it is anticipated that further archaeological work will be required. This could take the form of a field evaluation and discussions with the Council’s archeological advisor are underway to clarify the nature and timing of this work.

CgMs Consulting RS/RM/15204 20

Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Hoole Gate, Chester

SOURCES CONSULTED

1. General

Julie Edwards: Senior Archaeologist, Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service Moya Watson: Senior Historic Environment Record Officer, Cheshire West and Chester Council

Cheshire Archives and Local Studies Cheshire County Record Office Cheshire Historic Environment Record

2. Bibliographic

British Geological Survey, 1986, 1:50,000 Map, Chester: Sheet 109.

Cheshire County Council and English Heritage, 2007, The Cheshire Historic Landscape Characterisation.

Cheshire County Council Archives and Local Studies, 2000, Township Pack No. 106, Hoole.

Davies, J. L. and Jones, R H., 2006, Roman Camps in Wales and the Marches.

Dodgson, J. McN., 1972, The Place-Names of Cheshire, Part IV. The Place-Names of Broxton Hundred and Wirral Hundred.

Furness, R. R., 1978, Soils of Cheshire. Soil Survey Bulletin No. 6.

Hanshall, J. H., 1817, The History of the County Palatine of Chester.

L P Archaeology, 2008, Archaeological Mitigation Report for Land at Hoole Hall Hotel, Chester.

Lewis, C. P. and Thacker, A. T., 2005, A History of the County of Chester – Vol. V, Part 2 – The City of Chester: Culture, Buildings, Institutions.

CgMs Consulting RS/RM/15204 21

Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Hoole Gate, Chester

Longley, D. M. T., 1987, Prehistory in Harris, B. E. and Thacker, A. T., A History of the County of Chester. Vol. I.

Margary, I. D., 1967, Roman Roads in Britain.

Mason, D. J. P., 2012, Roman Chester : Fortress at the Edge of the World.

National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside, 1999, An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment for the Proposed Hoole Park and Ride Site, Hoole, Chester (Chester- Deeside Transport System Phase I).

Ormerod, G., 1882, The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester (2nd Ed).

National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside, 2002, Hoole Park and Ride, Hoole, Cheshire: Evaluation Excavation.

National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside, 2002, Hoole Park and Ride, Hoole, Cheshire: Fieldwalking Survey.

Petch, D.F., 1987, The Roman Period in Harris, B. E. and Thacker, A. T., A History of the County of Chester. Vol. I.

Philpott, R. A., 1998, New Evidence from Aerial Reconnaissance from Roman Military Sites in Cheshire. Britannia 29, 341-53.

Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England, 1995, Roman Camps in England: The Field Archaeology.

Varley, J. V. and Jackson, J. W., 1940, Prehistoric Cheshire.

Watkin, W. T., 1886, Roman Cheshire.

3. Cartographic

1777 Burdett’s Map 1819 Greenwood’s Map 1839 Tithe Map of Plemstall and Chester St John

CgMs Consulting RS/RM/15204 22

Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Hoole Gate, Chester

1881 Ordnance Survey Map 1899 Ordnance Survey Map 1911 Ordnance Survey Map 1938 Ordnance Survey Map 1954 Ordnance Survey Map 1968 Ordnance Survey Map 1982 Ordnance Survey Map 1989 Ordnance Survey Map 2006 Ordnance Survey Map 2013 Ordnance Survey Map

4. Website

Archaeological Data Service - ads.ahds.ac.uk English Heritage: The National Heritage List for England - list.english-heritage.org.uk Heritage Gateway - www.heritagegateway.org.uk MAGIC - www.magic.gov.uk

CgMs Consulting RS/RM/15204 23

L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

London Project title: HIMOR Controlled Land Cheltenham Land at Hoole Hall, Chester Kettering Wider Site Boundary Newark Not to scale Birmingham Illustrative only www.cgms.co.uk Date printed: Drawn by:RAJS Planning & Development Archaeology & Historic Buildings Oct 2013 Checked by:RS

Figure 1: Site location L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Project title: London HIMOR Controlled Land Land at Hoole Hall, Chester Cheltenham Wider Site Boundary Scale at A4: 1:10000 Kettering Newark 0 500 m Birmingham Date printed: Drawn by:RAJS www.cgms.co.uk 1:10000 Oct 2013 Checked by:RS Planning & Development Archaeology & Historic Buildings

Figure 2: Site Details 2348 1925 7129 1970/3 1919 4234 Cheshire Historic 1970/3 1919 ECH3596 Environment Record 1924 ± .000000 CCH6265 Map 1 ECH4342 30/04/2013 1970/6 1970/6 4079/1 ECH4045 ECH4785 369000 ECH3589 4079/1/3 4079/1/3 SearchArea 1970/5 2417/1/10 *# CHER Event (Point) DCH6187 4599 CHER Event (Polyline) 4599 DCH6026 4571 CHER Event (Polygon) Monument (point) (! CHER Site (Point) by NGR precision 2417/1/0 ECH4833 ECH4846 ") 4 Figure Ref "E 6 Figure Ref .000000 ECH4300 "E 8 Figure Ref 2267/1/0 (! Approximate Position 368500 !(E Central Point X Linear ")E Possible Position CHER Site (Polyline) 2417/1/8 CHER Site (Polygon) 2267/1/9 Grade Sutton 11206 )" )" )" )" 11356 DCH6033 ECH4502 11206 DCH6605 11172 11127 isted

.000000 DCH6034 ade II*

11200 Grade I Grade II

2527/1/0 Gr De-L * 2267/1/8 11172 DCH6025 # 11356 11200 Scheduled Monuments (Point) 368000 Scheduled Monuments (Polygon) 11356 7099 1970/7 Townshi ps 7099 11173 1970/9 1970/7 1970/10 Warning 11205 This map only shows data which lies within your area of 2527/2/4 interest. Addittional data held at the HER may have been 11205 excluded from this map. The location and extentof any designated site or area is shown 11127 2527/2/3 7200 for illustrative purposes only. Please refer to the appropriate documentation for further details. 7200 The Archaeology Planning Advisory Service gives no warranty as to the quality or accuracy of the various GIS datasets illustrated on 7093 this map or their suitability for any use. This map is based upon .000000 Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office © Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings.

367500 11190/10 Cheshire East Council. 100049045 2010. 11231 Cheshire West and Chester Council. 100049046 2010. 11231

2527/2/2 11238 11199/6 062.5 125 250 375 500 11199/1 11238 11199/6 11199/1 Meters 342000.000000 342500.000000 343000.000000 343500.000000 344000.000000 344500.000000 L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Project title: London Land at Hoole Hall, Chester Cheltenham Approximate Site Location Scale at A4:Not to Scale Kettering Newark Birmingham Date printed: Drawn by:RAJS www.cgms.co.uk 07/06/2013 Checked by:RS Planning & Development Archaeology & Historic Buildings

Figure 4: 1777 Burdett¶sMap L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 5: 1819 Greenwood¶sMap L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 6: 1839 Tithe Map of Plemstall and Chester St John L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 7: 1881 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 8: 1899 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 9: 1911 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 10: 1938 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 11: 1954 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 12: 1968 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 13: 1982 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 14: 1989 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Figure 15: 2006 Ordnance Survey Map L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15204 - Double Tree, Chester\Figures

Plate 1: View looking south from the centre of the Site

Plate 2: View looking north-east from the centre of the Site © CgMs L:\Archaeology\Current Jobs\15000-15999\15072 - Alsager 2\Graphics

Plate 3: View looking east towards the centre of the Site from its western boundary

APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER (SCHEDULED MONUMENT) Cheshire Historic Environment Record Designation Record 30/04/2013

Name: Part of a Roman Camp at Hoole 200m South of Hoole Hall Status: Active DesigUID: DCH458 Type: Scheduled Monument Preferred Ref National Ref Old Ref 1015129 1015129 27596 Grade: Date Assigned: 08/04/1997 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description EXTRACT FROM ENGLISH HERITAGE'S RECORD OF SCHEDULED MONUMENTS MONUMENT:

Part of a Roman camp at Hoole 200m south of Hoole Hall PARISH: HOOLE VILLAGE DISTRICT: CHESTER COUNTY: CHESHIRE NATIONAL MONUMENT NO: 27596 NATIONAL GRID REFERENCE(S): SJ42976781

DESCRIPTION OF THE MONUMENT The monument includes part of a Roman camp visible as a parch mark on aerial photographs. The marks reveal an L-shaped ditch cutting across the meadow to the south of Hoole Hall. This forms two sides of a camp. The other two sides of the camp are postulated to have lain under the main road (the A41) to the west and the former entrance driveway to Hoole Hall to the north. This camp is one of a group of Roman earthwork camps in the fields of Upton, Hoole Village, Christleton and Waverton. They are interpreted as having been constructed as practice camps by Roman troops from the garrison at Chester. The eastern side of the camp measures 120m and the southern side 120m where they are visible. The corner is rounded in the typical form of Roman camps. Each side has a gap of 30m in what was the central position on the plan of the original fort. Both gaps are protected by external earthwork projections called `claviculae' extending for 40m at 45 degrees from one end of the gap. By analogy with other Roman camps this one would have had a V-cut ditch with a rampart inside measuring 6m wide at the base. The rampart has been spread and the ditch infilled by later ploughing.

ASSESSMENT OF IMPORTANCE Roman camps are rectangular or sub-rectangular enclosures which were constructed and used by Roman soldiers either when out on campaign or as practice camps; most campaign camps were only temporary overnight bases and few were used for longer periods. They were bounded by a single earthen rampart and outer ditch and in plan are always straight-sided with rounded corners. Normally they have between one and four entrances, although as many as eleven have been recorded. Such entrances were usually centrally placed in the sides of the camp and were often protected by additional defensive outworks. Roman camps are found throughout much of England, although most known examples lie in the midlands and north. Around 140 examples have been identified and, as one of the various types of defensive enclosure built by the Roman Army, particularly in hostile upland and frontier areas, they provide an important insight into Roman military strategy and organisation. All well- preserved examples are identified as being of national importance. The Roman camp south of Hoole Hall is one of an important group now identified in the fields to the east of Chester City. Such groups are unusual and they will provide evidence of the construction and use of earthwork camps elsewhere in the British Isles. In addition they provide information on the activities of the garrison in the fortress at Chester. This camp survives reasonably well where it has not been destroyed by later road building. The ditch and rampart will survive under the ploughsoi and the interior will contain evidence of temporary buildings and pits for latrines and the disposal of refuse.

MONUMENT INCLUDED IN THE SCHEDULE ON 08th April 1997

Curatorial Notes Designating Organisation: English Heritage Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4297 6781 (143m by 201m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 1.54

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Administrative Areas Civil Parish GUILDEN SUTTON, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Ceremonial County CHESHIRE Postal Addresses - None recorded

Sources Scheduling record: English Heritage. Various. Schedule Entry (Scheduled Ancient Monuments Description). MPP22/AA101037/1 Associated Monuments 1970/7 Monument: Part of a Roman Camp at Hoole 200m south of Hoole Hall

Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service z_DesignationFullRepo © Copyright Cheshire Historic Environment Record Page 2

APPENDIX 2: GAZETTEER (LISTED BUILDINGS) Cheshire Historic Environment Record Designation Record 30/04/2013

Name: CONSERVATORY ATTACHED TO THE SOUTH FRONT OF HOOLE HALL Status: Active DesigUID: DCH6025 Type: Listed Building Preferred Ref English Heritage UID Volume/Map/Item 1229370 1229370 313, 5, 14 Grade: II Date Assigned: 29/03/1982 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description SJ 46 NW HOOLE VILLAGE C.P. HOOLE ROAD (South Side) 5/14 Conservatory attached to the south front of Hoole Hall 29/3/1982 GV II Conservatory and grotto: mid C19 for Hamilton family. Cast-iron and glass, hipped roof with raised centre and spikelets on the ridge. Front has 9-bay arcade of semi-circular headed arches, the central 3 projecting under a curved roof. Interior: not inspected but recent photographs show a screen wall to the right of the entrance containing 3 stone round-headed arches, glazed with iron tracery and having central pair of half-glazed doors. These lead into a stone grotto of lava. Also inside in one corner is a tall, quadrant-shaped iron birdcage. Listing NGR: SJ4301968014

Curatorial Notes Type and date: Mid C19 CONSERVATORY. Date: from 1833 to 1866 Type and date: Mid C19 GROTTO. Date: from 1833 to 1866 Main material: cast iron Main material: glass

October 2009: GIS location harmonised with former Chester City Council dataset. Original location: SJ 4301 6801 (point) Designating Organisation: Department for Culture Media and Sport Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4300 6801 (13m by 15m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 0.01 Administrative Areas Civil Parish HOOLE VILLAGE, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Postal Addresses Hoole Hall Warrington Road, Hoole, Chester, CH2 3PD Listed Building Addresses Statutory CONSERVATORY ATTACHED TO THE SOUTH FRONT OF HOOLE HALL

Sources Digital archive: English Heritage. 2005. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. 404200

Associated Monuments - None

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Name: PINFOLD Status: Active DesigUID: DCH6026 Type: Listed Building Preferred Ref English Heritage UID Volume/Map/Item 1229371 1229371 313, 5, 16 Grade: II Date Assigned: 27/11/1984 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description SJ 46 NW HOOLE VILLAGE C.P. OAK LANE (East Side) 5/16 Pinfold - II Pinfold : probably early C19, extensively restored c.1980. Red sandstone blocks with an ashlar triangular coping. Rectangular in plan with a curved south-east corner and a gateway with a modern gate in the south side. Walls stand c.1.40m high and have some original iron spikes on the top. Listing NGR: SJ4329668758

Curatorial Notes Type and date: Early C19 POUND. Date: from 1800 to 1832 Type and date: c1980 POUND. Date: from 1975 to 1985 Main material: sandstone Main material: ashlar

October 2009: GIS location harmonised with former Chester City Council dataset. Original location: SJ 4329 6875 (point) Designating Organisation: Department for Culture Media and Sport Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4329 6875 (6m by 6m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 0.00 Administrative Areas Civil Parish HOOLE VILLAGE, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Postal Addresses - None recorded Listed Building Addresses Statutory PINFOLD

Sources Digital archive: English Heritage. 2005. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. 404202

Associated Monuments 4571 Monument: Pinfold (Hoole)

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Name: HOOLE HALL Status: Active DesigUID: DCH6033 Type: Listed Building Preferred Ref English Heritage UID Volume/Map/Item 1229523 1229523 313, 5, 13 Grade: II Date Assigned: 29/03/1982 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description SJ 46 NW HOOLE VILLAGE C.P. HOOLE ROAD (South Side) 5/13 Hoole Hall 29/3/1982 GV II Large house: c.1760 for Rev.John Baldwin with extension and some alterations for the Hamilton family. Flemish bond plum brick with stone dressings, Welsh slate roof, hipped around a well. 7 ridge chimneys. Square in plan with added servants wing. 2-storey, symmetrical, 5-bay west front. Stone plinth, rusticated quoins, band at 1st floor, moulded cornice and blocking course. Central 3 bays on a rusticated plinth are under a triangular pediment, containing an heraldic cartouche. Sashes without glazing bars in stone architraves, and a central projecting Tuscan porch carrying a balustrade and containing a 6-panelled door with a triangular pediment. Similar windows in other bays. Canted 2-storey bay window on south front, and two 2-storey segmental bays with plain columns on the north front. Interior: not inspected but recent photographs show good plasterwork in the well over oak staircase, consisting of a modillion cornice over a semi-circular arcade with panelled coving above with scrolled fronds in the field. Further cornice above. Some other rooms retain simple Georgian decoration, and one with Romanesque detailing. Listing NGR: SJ4303668040

Curatorial Notes Type and date: c1760 HOUSE. Date: from 1740 to 1780 Main material: brick Main material: stone Covering material: welsh slate

October 2009: GIS location harmonised with former Chester City Council dataset. Original location: SJ 4303 6804 (point) Designating Organisation: Department for Culture Media and Sport Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4301 6804 (72m by 114m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 0.29 Administrative Areas Civil Parish HOOLE VILLAGE, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Postal Addresses Hoole Hall Warrington Road, Hoole, Chester, CH2 3PD Listed Building Addresses Statutory HOOLE HALL

Sources Digital archive: English Heritage. 2005. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. 404199

Associated Monuments - None

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Name: HA HA WALL AND RAILINGS OF WEST TERRACE AT HOOLE HALL Status: Active DesigUID: DCH6034 Type: Listed Building Preferred Ref English Heritage UID Volume/Map/Item 1229531 1229531 313, 5, 15 Grade: II Date Assigned: 27/11/1984 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description SJ 46 NW HOOLE VILLAGE C.P. HOOLE ROAD (South Side) 5/15 Ha-ha wall and railings of west terrace at Hoole Hall GV II Ha-ha wall and railings: mid C19 for Hamilton family. Rock-faced and ashlar buff sandstone. It forms a retaining wall on north, west and south side of terrace. Battered rock-faced wall, terminates in squat square corner piers with capstones and remains of plaster urns. The wall has an ashlar coping with battered stone piers with triangular tops carrying 2 horizontal iron rails supported by 3 intermediate iron posts. Listed for group value only. Listing NGR: SJ4296567987

Curatorial Notes Type and date: Mid C19 HA HA. Date: from 1833 to 1866 Type and date: Mid C19 RAILINGS. Date: from 1833 to 1866 Main material: sandstone Main material: ashlar Main material: stone Main material: iron

October 2009: GIS location harmonised with former Chester City Council dataset. Original location: SJ 4296 6798 (point) Designating Organisation: Department for Culture Media and Sport Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4295 6799 (58m by 66m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 0.05 Administrative Areas Civil Parish HOOLE VILLAGE, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Postal Addresses Hoole Hall Warrington Road, Hoole, Chester, CH2 3PD Listed Building Addresses Statutory HA HA WALL AND RAILINGS OF WEST TERRACE AT HOOLE HALL

Sources Digital archive: English Heritage. 2005. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. 404201

Associated Monuments - None

Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service z_DesignationFullRepo © Copyright Cheshire Historic Environment Record Page 4 Cheshire Historic Environment Record Designation Record 30/04/2013

Name: No name for this Entry Status: Active DesigUID: DCH6581 Type: Listed Building Preferred Ref English Heritage UID Volume/Map/Item 1375852 1375852 1932-1, 2, 176 Grade: II Date Assigned: 10/01/1972 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description

CHESTER CITY (EM) SJ46NW HOOLE ROAD 1932-1/2/176 (North side) 10/01/72 No.102A (Formerly Listed as: HOOLE ROAD Nos.102 AND 102A) GV II Former estate house and storage building, now a private house. The original house probably later C18; former storage wing, right, later C19. Double-pile grey slate roof to house; brown tile roof to wing. EXTERIOR: 3-storey, 2- window double-pile house; 2-storey wing; no entrance in front towards road. The former estate house has rusticated wedge lintels and to upper storeys painted stone sills; 2 pairs of 3-pane French windows to ground floor; flush sashes with square panes to first floor; replaced metal windows of 9-panes, matching in proportion, to second floor; parapet; 2 flush gable chimneys; a moulded lead rainwater head on left return of probably mid to late C18 design. The right wing has an altered or inserted casement of three 2-pane lights to ground floor; the top 12 courses of the first floor are corbelled out on a houndstooth course, dropped to form projecting panels round 2 flush sashes of 12 square panes; eaves have exposed rafters; ridge chimney and projecting gable chimney. The rear has doorway and miscellaneous fenestration including recessed sashes of 12 panes, 16 panes and 4.12.4 panes. INTERIOR: Georgian stair, lower flight now in closed well; turned column-on-vase balusters and Chinese balustrade above; door of 2 fielded panels; broad-board doors; C18 latches and hinges; floor of broad oak boards: oak purlins; game rack in wing. Listing NGR: SJ4231267874

Curatorial Notes Type and date: Late C18 ESTATE COTTAGE. Date: from 1767 to 1799 Type and date: Late C19 STOREHOUSE. Date: from 1867 to 1899 Type and date: Now HOUSE. Covering material: slate Covering material: tile

October 2009: GIS location harmonised with former Chester City Council dataset. Original location: SJ 4231 6787 (point) Designating Organisation: Department for Culture Media and Sport Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4231 6787 (20m by 18m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 0.01 Administrative Areas Civil Parish CHESTER NON PARISH AREA, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Postal Addresses A 102 Hoole Road, Chester, CH2 3NU

Sources Digital archive: English Heritage. 2005. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. 469831

Associated Monuments 11173 Building: Hoole Cottage, Hoole Road

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Name: ROSE COTTAGE Status: Active DesigUID: DCH6605 Type: Listed Building Preferred Ref English Heritage UID Volume/Map/Item 1375879 1375879 1932-1, 2, 197 Grade: II Date Assigned: 10/01/1972 Amended: Revoked:

Legal Description

CHESTER CITY (EM) SJ46NW MANNINGS LANE SOUTH 1932-1/2/197 (North side) 10/01/72 No.59 Rose Cottage (Formerly Listed as: MANNINGS LANE SOUTH Rose Cottage) II House. Early C19. Painted brick, grey slate roof. 2 storeys, double-fronted. Gothick details. Garden front has 2 casements of two 6-pane lights with Y-tracery to each light in Tudor-arched openings with hoodmoulds; simple eaves; flush gable chimneys; hipped 1-storey outshut at right end. The left gable-end has Gothick 6-panel door: pair of arched panels; quatrefoil panels; arched panels; overlight of 4 arched panes; label; a leaded window of one light with intersecting tracery; a 2-light Gothick casement with Y-tracery above doorway; a one-light leaded casement, right, as to ground floor. The rear has a casement of two 6-pane lights under label, an outshut and a stair window of one leaded light with intersecting tracery. INTERIOR not inspected. Listing NGR: SJ4239168002

Curatorial Notes Type and date: Early C19 HOUSE. Date: from 1800 to 1832 Main material: brick Covering material: slate

October 2009: GIS location harmonised with former Chester City Council dataset. Original location: SJ 4239 6800 (point) Designating Organisation: Department for Culture Media and Sport Location Grid Reference: Centred SJ 4239 6799 (13m by 11m) Map sheet: SJ46NW Area (Ha): 0.01 Administrative Areas Civil Parish CHESTER NON PARISH AREA, CHESTER, CHESHIRE WEST AND CHESTER Postal Addresses 59 Mannings Lane South, Chester, CH2 3RT Listed Building Addresses Former Statutory ROSE COTTAGE Statutory ROSE COTTAGE

Sources Digital archive: English Heritage. 2005. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. 469858

Associated Monuments 11172 Building: Rose Cottage, Hoole Road

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APPENDIX 3: GAZETTEER (MONUMENT RECORD) Cheshire Historic Environment Record: Monument List 30/04/2013

Ref Site Name Summary Monument Types NGR 11127 Chester and Frodsham Chester and Frodsham Turnpike Toll Road Centred SJ 419 675 (2345m by Turnpike Trust Trust 1859m)

11172 Rose Cottage, Hoole Road Rose Cottage, Hoole Road House Centred SJ 4239 6799 (13m by 11m)

11173 Hoole Cottage, Hoole Road Hoole Cottage, Hoole Road Estate Cottage Centred SJ 4231 6787 (20m by 18m)

11200 Hoole House country house Hoole House country house and Country House, Convalescent Hospital Centred SJ 425 679 (254m by and park park 191m)

11205 Hoole Lodge Hoole Lodge Country House Centred SJ 422 677 (133m by 181m)

11231 Brick Field, Hoole Lane Brick Field, Hoole Lane Brick Kiln, Brickfield Centred SJ 426 673 (136m by 171m)

11356 Newton Hollows Lane Newton Hollows Lane Road, Hollow Way Centred SJ 419 679 (694m by 610m)

1924 Roman find from Hoole Roman coin Findspot SJ 42 69 (point)

1970/10 Pipers Ash Enclosure Roman camp Temporary Camp, Ditched Enclosure SJ 436 677 (point)

1970/7 Part of a Roman Camp at Roman camp Temporary Camp, Ditched Enclosure Centred SJ 429 678 (242m by Hoole 200m south of Hoole 254m) Hall

1970/9 Bellevue Farm Enclosure Roman camp Military Camp, Temporary Camp, Ditched SJ 440 678 (point) Enclosure

2267/1/0 Manchester to Chester Line Manchester to Chester Line (CLC)Railway Centred SJ 592 762 (37372m by (CLC) 18744m)

Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service zMonSummaryList © Copyright Cheshire Historic Environment Record Page 1 Ref Site Name Summary Monument Types NGR 2267/1/9 Bridge at Mannings Lane Bridge at Mannings Lane Road Bridge, Railway SJ 42 68 (point)

2417/1/0 Roman Road-Chester to Roman road Road Centred SJ 50 76 (20752m by Wilderspool (Route 701) 19822m)

2417/1/10 The Street/Mannings Lane - Roman road Road Centred SJ 43 69 (2063m by Chester to Warrington 1766m) Roman road (Margary 701)

2417/1/8 Roman Road-Chester to Possible line of the Roman Road Road Centred SJ 41 67 (2184m by Wilderspool (Route 701) 1757m) Brook Lane

2527/1/0 Birkenhead and Chester Birkenhead and Chester Line (L Railway Line (L & NWR/GWR) & NWR/GWR)

2527/2/3 Railway bridge at Hare Lane Railway bridge at Hare Lane Road Bridge, Railway SJ 431 676 (point) (Warrington Line) (Warrington Line)

2527/2/4 Railway cutting at Pipers Ash Railway cutting at Pipers Ash Railway Cutting, Railway SJ 432 677 (point)

4079/1 Chester's Second World Second World War Ground Machine Gun Emplacement, Pillbox, Tank Centred SJ 433 663 (9371m by War Ground Defences Defences Trap, Pillbox (Modified), Machine Gun Post, 9378m) Pillbox (Type Fw3/24), Roadblock, Spigot Mortar Emplacement

4079/1/3 Pillbox by Mannings Lane WW2 pillbox Machine Gun Emplacement, Pillbox (Type Centred SJ 428 689 (10m by 10m) Fw3/23)

4234 Hoole Bank Brick Works Hoole Bank Brick works Tramway, Brick Kiln, Brickworks, Clay Pit, Centred SJ 433 692 (303m by Brickfield 293m)

4571 Pinfold (Hoole) Pinfold : probably early C19. Pound SJ 432 687 (point)

7093 Neolithic Stone axe from Neolithic Stone axe Findspot SJ 43 67 (point) 3LSHU¶V$VK

Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service zMonSummaryList © Copyright Cheshire Historic Environment Record Page 2 Ref Site Name Summary Monument Types NGR 7099 United Reformed Church, 20th Century United Reformed School, Congregational Chapel, United Centred SJ 422 678 (40m by 34m) Hoole Road Church Reformed Church

7200 Primitive Methodist Chapel 19th Century Primitive Methodist Primitive Methodist Chapel Centred SJ 433 676 (9m by 9m) in Pipers Ash Chapel

Cheshire Archaeology Planning Advisory Service zMonSummaryList © Copyright Cheshire Historic Environment Record Page 3 www.cgms.co.uk