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Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England

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Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England '' !' i:^<K ijr :.-,( ;• li' V ,i| H:!.i • ' ^ I Em i ' lb > V H ^<^ x^ * /^ rb "Bi j{o _rAKJ^55^_lf^^ t ^ RECORDS OF PLYMOUTH COLONY. COURT ORDEUS. VOL. I. 1638-1640. RECORDS OF THE COLONY OF NEW PLYMOUTH IN NEW ENGLAND. PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE LEGISLATURE OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. EDITED BY NATHANIEL B. SHURTLEFF, M.D., MEMBER OF THE MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAI, SOCIETY, FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN ACIDI 111' I' MH AXD SCIENCES, MEMBER OF THE AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, FELLfm' OF THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF LONDON, ETC. COURT ORDEltS: VOL. L BOSTON: FROM THE PRESS OF WILLIAM WHITE, PRINTER TO THE COMMOXU EA'.'"'^'. 1 8 5 6 . AMS Press 1968 New York AMS Press, Inc. New York. N.V. 10003 1968 BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY, ^ res $li52._ Sci f^"^ Manufactured in the United States of America (Lommoulufiiltl) of M;iss;tf()iisffts. Si-citKTAr;Y's Orriri:. IJorrTov. .AIau( II 20. 1855. In virtiK^ of tho tollowinir Resolve of the Leirislature, I have appointed Dr. A'atiiaxif.l 1>. Siil-i;tm;if, of Boston, to prepare for the press the Eecords of the Colony of New Plymouth, and superin- tend the printing of the same to their eompletion, in such manner and form as he may consider most apjjropriate for the luidertaking. These volumes, possessing uncommon interest, as containing the earliest extant records of the oldest Englisli colony in New Eirglaml, and fast going to decay liy constant use and the ordinary effecl.s of time, will, in their reproduced form, be preserved, undoubtedly, beyond any of the probable contingencies which usually occur to cause the loss or destruc- tion of ancient manuscripts. The very careful manner in which the .Alassacliusetts Records have been edited and conducted through the press hy Dr. Shurtleft'. affords sutficient assurance of the creditable performance of the new ti-ust thus so unreservedly committed to him. EPIIRAi:\r M. WUKilTT, Secre/an/ of the CoiiiiiiO)iwcaltIi. Resolved. That eight hundred copies of tlie Records of the Colony of Xew Plymouth, with suitable Indexes, be stereotyped and printed, under the supervision of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, whn may appoint some corai)Ctont person or persons to prejjare said Records for printing, and tike charge of the same. Approved by the Governor, March 24, 1»55. — INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 'T'^HE Records of the Massachusetts Colony, in five manuscript vol- A umes, containing all the proceedings of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England that have been preserved, commencing with the minutes made in England previous to the removal of the company and charter to America, and terminating in 1G8G, when the colonial government was superseded by the council, under the presi- dency of Joseph Dudley, Esq., — having been printed by order of the two preceding Legislatures, it pleased his Excellency Henry J. Gardner, Governor of the Commonwealth, in his inaugural address of the ninth of January last, to call the attention of the Legislature to a considera- tion of the necessity of continuing the work until the colonial archives of Massachusetts should be secured in a permanent and enduring form. The portion of his Excellency's address relating to the ancient records having been referred by the General Court to the appropriate commitr tee, Honorable Robert B. Hall, on the twenty-first day of the ensuing February, submitted to the Senate a report recommending the passage of resolves for the printing and distribution of the Records of the Colony of New Plymouth, which resolves were subsequently passed, and received the executive sanction on the twenty-fourth of the following March. (v) vi TNTPOBUCTOKY REJMARKS. TTdnornble Epiiraim j\I. Wu[(;hi', .Secretary of the Commonwealth, haviii'/. In ticcordance witli the resolves of the Legislatm^e, appointed an editor to take charge of tlie undertaking, the work of preparation and piiMication was immediately commenced. A fvioit description of the manuscript volumes, which have been so faithfully ]ireserved, with almost reverential regard, in the archives of Plymouth roii'ity, is absolutely necessar}^ to give the reader of the printed reprodadlons an accurate idea of the venerable and time-worn originals ; and it may not be considered irrelevant to the subject to give also a brief idea of the position which the Plymouth Colony held, when the volumes were written, in relation to the State of which it now forms but a part. It is well known by those conversant with the history of Massachu- setts, that the present territorial limits of the Commonwealth, for many years after the first settlement of New England, contained two colonies, governed by separate and distinct political bodies acting imder different charters; and that these colonies, designated by peculiar titles, had records in no way common to each other. The Colony of the Massa- chusetts Bay comprised, together Avith other territory, the most northerly and western portions of the Commonwealth as it is now bounded ; and the Colony of New Plymouth, more familiarly known as the Old Colony, on account of its more ancient settlement by European colonists, em- braced the south-eastern part of the State, now included within the counties of Barnstable, Bristol, and Plymouth, excepting the town of Hingham, which from the first appertained to the Massachusetts Colony. It also included a portion of the present State of Rhode Island. The island counties, during the colonial period, were not, strictly speaking, within the jurisdiction of either of these colonies, but were annexed at a later date to Massachusetts, at the same time with the Plymouth Colony, by the Provincial Charter of William and Mary, which passed the seals on the seventh of October, . 1691. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. vii No State in the American Union, nor foreign country, is more rich in early records than is the Commonwealth of Massachusetts ; and nowhere have these original documents been preserved with more care than Avithin its archives ; although, from constant use and the effects of time, very perceptible marks of decay are noticed in them, to such an extent as to excite reasonable fears that their legibility and usefulness may be soon impaired by these influences, if their ultimate destruction is not accomplished, unless they are relieved and protected by the use of their copies. Since the printing of the Colony Records of Massachusetts there should be no fear in this respect regarding that portion ; and it is hoped that the appearance of the volumes of the Plymouth Records will also be a safeguard for the preservation of their valuable originals. Perhaps, in all the archives in which the records of the past are preserved, there are no volumes which possess more intrinsic value to the student of New England history, or are more interesting as furnish- ing personal items relating to the adventurous forefathers who laid the foundations of our peculiar institutions, than do those Avhicli have proceeded from the exact pens of Bradford, Winslow, and Morton, and which have been so reverentially guarded and transmitted to the present generation by faithful custodians. With the exception of the private writings of these historical fathers of the Plymouth Colony, very V.'rAe can be found on record relating to the earliest years of this .-ct rieiuent in America. Previous to the year 1627, when Governor Bradford first put pen to the records, nothing seems to have been recorded ; for the early entries in the first volume of deeds, relating to the garden plots laid out in 1620, the division of land for continuance made in the spring of 1623-4, and the division of cattle in 1627, Avere unquestionably written by him in the lastrmentioned year ; and, very probably, as may be inferred from their incompleteness, and, in some instances, erroneousness, were partially from memory and partly from private minutes. viii INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. It is a source of much regret, that among the things that are lost is the original manuscriiDt of the famous social compact, — that early mu- tual covenant of the pilgrim fathers for a constitutional form of gov- ernment, the germ of the American republic, — signed on board the May Flower in Cape Cod Harbor, a short time previous to the ulti- mate landing on Plymouth rock, on Monday the eleventh day of Decem- ber, 0. S., being the twenty-first day of the same month, according to the present style of computing time. In order to preserve a copy of this instrument, in connection with the records of the colony, it is reprinted in this place from Governor Bradford's History of Plymouth Plantation, now in course of publication for the Massachusetts Historical Society, under the careful editorship of Charles Deane, Esq. In y"^ NAME OF God, Amen. We, whose names are under- writen, tlie loyall subjects of our dread soveraigne Lord King James, by y'^ grace of God of Great Britaine, Franc & Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, &c., Haveing under-taken for y^ glorie of God, and advancemente of y'^ Christian faith, and honour of our King & Countrie, a voyage to plant y'^ first colonic in y'= northerne parts of Virginia, doc by these presents solemnly & mutualy in y^ presence of God and one of another, covenant, & combine our selves togeather into a civill ])ody politick, for our better ordering & preservation, & furtherance of y'^ ends aforesaid ; and by vertue hearof to enacte, constitute and frame such just & equall lawes, ordinances, acts, constitutions, & offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meete & convenient for y^ generall good of y^ Colonic ; unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. In witnes wherof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cap- Codd y'' 11 of November, in y^ year of y^ raigne of our soveraigne Lord King J a m e s of England, France & Ireland y<= eighteenth, and of Scotland y" fiftie-fourth.
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