DOCSLIB.ORG

Coconut Harvesting and Copra Production. Coconut

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coconut Harvesting and Copra Production. Coconut OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. FAIR USE POLICY Any part of this publication may be quoted and referenced for educational and research purposes without additional permission from UNIDO. However, those who make use of quoting and referencing this publication are requested to follow the Fair Use Policy of giving due credit to UNIDO. CONTACT Please contact [email protected] for further information concerning UNIDO publications. For more information about UNIDO, please visit us at www.unido.org UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 300, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26026-0 · www.unido.org · [email protected] Distr. LIMITED Û W 1 UNIDO/IOD.377 UNITED NATIONS 4 September 1980 INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ENGLISH ESTABLISHMENT OF A COCONUT PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY CONSULTANCY SERVICE UF/RAS/78/048 ASIAN AND PACIFIC COCONUT COMMUNITY COCONUT PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION DOCUMENTS PART 1 0 F 7 "Coconut Harvesting and Copra Production" Based on tha work of T. K. G. Renasi nghe in co-operation with representatives of the coconut processing industry o f the Asian and Pacific Coconut Community and individual international experts •This document has been reproduced without formal editing. Mention o f firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement o f the United Nations In du strial Development Organization (UNIDO). m Fleer, l à ï i BBlUMfi Salito : COCOMUN JL TbMCHi 12, Jakarta. îzèsm&a Ma3 : W A MIX Mt Steian anb pacific Ccronut Commitnitp Jakarta — Indonetia Our Nr : P H S P â £ B A valid criticism against the poor performance o f many agricultural extension services in coconut producing countries is that the services do not have or know what to "extend” . A similar analogy can he applied to a consultancy service on coconut processing technology. "Registering" coconut processes applied in the APCC countries, may be a simple achievement and considered unimportant, whan one views the deluge of impressively formulated and identified objectives and programmes pouring out of international agencies and institutions. The fact i s , that the disappointments from two UR Development Decades, could be traced to the failure to execute the basic "Home Work" essential fo r achieving the ultimate objectives. UHIDO, which concieved and supervised the execution of this project, rightfully owns the entire credit for an important progransae o f meaningful benefits to APCC and APCC member countries. UHIDO has provided APCC with a firm basis from which APCC must now build and develop an essential service to those countries and individuals reliant on the coconut fo r th e ir economic su rvival. * n Godofredo P Rqyes^Jx. Director *' 13 June 1980.- IHTRQDtJCTIQM The United Natiens In d u strial Development Organisation, Vienna, funded and executed this project "Establishment o f Coconut Processing Technology Consultancy Service" for the Isian and Pacific Coconut Community- based in Jakarta* The project was in itia te d in 1978 and completed within 18 months. Coconut Processes, commercial and household, applied in the 1PCC member countries were documented in individual technology sheet® by Consultants fo r specialised areas and by the Project Manager/Coco nut Processing Technologist. Each technology sheet carries a product code, based on the Customs Cooperation Council nomenclature (GCCM) which has replaced the Brussels Tariff Nomenclature (BTN)» This fa c ilita te s easy reference to determine import or export duties, fre ig h t rates, etc , as well a® coding fo r library systems, mtosr® there are co-produets o r by­ product® in a process, only the main product has teen taken into consideration for coding. The immediate objective o f the project i s to make the techno­ logy sheets available to a ll concerned a® a "Consultancy Service" in the framework of technical cooperation among developing countries and others interested in improving the coconut processing discipline.. The technology documented is not only on major commercial processes but also on the hitherto, somewhat neglected, rural and house­ hold processes. These processes offer a large scope for further develop­ ment with appropriate and suitably scaled technology, in order to bring ateut the eomereialisatioa o f new o r improved products. The development o f tbs Coconut Processing Sector through technical cooperation in existin g commercial processes and the_ improves»at of rural and household products, could mean higher incomes and te tte r liv in g conditions for several hundred million people living in the coconut areas o f the world. ACIMOWLEDaaffiliT The kind assistance and co-operation rendered by the counter­ parts, the national coU&bomting agencies and the excellent services given by the IPCC Secretariat are gainfully acknowledged. là! UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION AND ASIAN & PACIFIC COCONUT COMMUNITY "Consultancy Service on Coconut Processing Technology” i Project UF/MS/78/049) This document is one o f VII parts: - PART I COCONUT HARVESTING AND COPRA MANUFACTURE PART I I COCONUT OIL EXTRACTION PART I I I COCONUT OIL REFINING AND MODIFICATION PART IV DESICCATED COCONUT MANUFACTURE PART V DOMESTIC COCONUT FOOD PROCESSES PART VI COCONUT COIR FIBRE AND PRODUCTS PART V II COCONUT SHELL PRODUCTS AND OTHER PROCESSES These Technology sheets have been prepared by PaG, Catanaoan, UNIDO Consultant on o i l extraction H.B.Vi. Patterson, UNIDO Consultant on o i l refin in g P.M. Abaca, UNIDO Consultant on non traditional food T.K.G. Banasingh®, UNIDO Project Manager/Coconut Processing Technologist. 1979/1980 iv Consultancy. Service on Coconut Processing Technology ШШЗО/âPCG Pro ject üF/RAS/7e/QA9 PART I СОСШЦТ HUBVESTIHS AMD COPEA MAHUFACTUBB List, of Technology sheets « Shaet number Mams of Technology sheet Page l/t Natural f a l l coconut harvest - mainly P a cifie 1 1/2 Harvestlog coconuts - Philippines 5 3/3 Harvesting coconuts - India 1! 1/4 Harvesting coconuts using trained monkey - 20 Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, 1/5 Crop storage or Seasoning o f mature «h ole 2J* nuts a fte r harvesting ~ Sri Lanka 1/6 Principles of copra manufacture 32 1/7 Copra manufacture by natural drying using $3 i d irect sun in the open (Method A 1) I/S Sdible b a ll copra manufacture by natural 72 drying uhole nut in the shade (Method A 2) - mainly India I /9 to 13 Copra manufacture by direct heat smoke dryers 79 using traditional fuel other than coconut shells (Method B) 9* Traditional direct шоке dryer of Indonesia 10® Traditional direct шоке dryer o f Thailand 11 , Sariaye type dryer of Philippines 12* Pagsanjaa type dryer o f Philippines 13® Tayabas type dryer of Philippines V 1/14 Copra manufacture by d irect heat smokeless 100 dryers using coconut sh ells as fu e l combined with pre drying in the sun (Method C l ) - S ri Lanka. I/l5 to 25 Copra manufacture by direct heat snokeless I l f dryers using coconut sh ell as fu e l (Method C 2 ) 15. Sri Lanka standard copra kiln 16. Improved Sri Lanka copra kiln 17* S ri Lanka small holders kiln IS. Miniature Malaysian kiln 19. Malaysian copra kiln 20. Malaysian version of Sri Lanka copra kiln 21. Indian version of miniature Malaysian kiln 22. Indian version o f S ri Lanka copra k iln 23. Improved Tayabas dryer of Philippines 24. De Vapor improved dryer o f Philippines 25. Papua New Guinea version of Sri Lanka copra kiln. 1/26 to 32 Copra manufacture by indirect heat dryers 172 with natural draft hot a ir (Method D 1) 26. MESTEC village copra dryer of W. Samoa 27. Kukum copra dryer o f Solomon Islands 28. Philippine version of Kukum dryer 29. Marshalles type dryer of Micronesia (TTPI) 30. VJESIBC estate copra dryer of W. Samoa 31. Chula dryer model NDO - S ri Lanka etc. 32. Pearson dryers - Sri Lanka etc. 1/33 to 36 Copra manufacture by indirect heat dryers 215 with forced d ra ft hot a ir (Method D 2) 33. Chula hot a ir dryer model EDO S ri Lanka etc. 34. Chula hot a ir dryer model BDl S ri Lanka etc. 35® Modified Chula dryer model BDl Solomon Islands 36. Chula hot a ir dryer model BD2 S ri Lanka etc. Product ood® CG® 08.01 technology sheet No. I / 1 ■m i is o n a tio n s in d u s t r ia l envelopment organisation AND ASIAN & PACIFIC COCONUT CCMHIMITT "Oonaoltanoy Service on Coconut Processing technology” (P rotect W/lA8/78/0it9) 1. technology Sheet fo r « - NATURAL FAIL COCONUT HARVEST - ae&inly P a c ific t. Use at of finished product f- 2.1 Bis naturally fa lle n nuts being f o l l y mature* make good quality copra. Those fro» selected varieties are used as seednuts. 2.2 The nuts are also suitable for desiocated coconut.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Local Government (Separate Paging Is Given to Each Language of Every Part in Order That It May Be Filed Separately)
    N. B.– Sinhala and Tamil versions of this Gazette will be published separately. YS% ,xld m%cd;dka;s%l iudcjd§ ckrcfha .eiÜ m;%h The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka wxl 2"099 - 2018 fkdjeïn¾ ui 23 jeks isl=rdod - 2018'11'23 No. 2,099 – FRiDAy, NovEmBER 23, 2018 (Published by Authority) PART IV (B) — LOCAL GOVERNMENT (Separate paging is given to each language of every Part in order that it may be filed separately) PAGE PAGE Posts - vacant ... 1390 Notices under the Local Authorities Elections ordinance ... –– Examinations, Results of Examinations, &c. ... –– Revenue & Expenditure Returns ... –– Notices - calling for Tenders ... –– Local Government Notifications ... 1400 Budgets ... –– By-Laws ... –– miscellaneous Notices ... 1409 IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING ACCEPTANCE OF NOTICES FOR PUBLICATION IN THE WEEKLY “Gazette” ATTENTION is drawn to the Notification appearing in the 1st week of every month, regarding the latest dates and times of acceptance of Notices for publication in the weekly Gazettes, at the end of every weekly Gazette of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. All Notices to be published in the weekly Gazettes shall close at 12.00 noon of each Friday, two weeks before the date of publication. All Government Departments, Corporations, Boards, etc. are hereby advised that Notifications fixing closing dates and times of applications in respect of Post-vacancies, Examinations, Tender Notices and dates and times of Auction Sales, etc. should be prepared by giving adequate time both from the date of despatch of notices to Govt. Press and from the date of publication, thereby enabling those interested in the contents of such notices to actively and positively participate please note that inquiries and complaints made in respect of corrections pertaining to notification will not be entertained after three months from the date of publication.
    [Show full text]
  • YS% ,Xld M%Cd;Dka;S%L Iudcjd§ Ckrcfha .Eiü M;%H
    IV^wd& fldgi - YS% ,xld m%cd;dka;s%l iudcjd§ ckrcfha .eiÜ m;%h - 2016'12'16 2581 Part IV (B) – GAZETTE OF THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA – 16.12.2016 YS% ,xld m%cd;dka;s%l iudcjd§ ckrcfha .eiÜ m;%h The Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka wxl 1"998 - 2016 foieïn¾ ui 16 jeks isl=rdod - 2016'12'16 No. 1,998 – FRIDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2016 (Published by Authority) PART IV (B) — LOCAL GOVERNMENT (Separate paging is given to each language of every Part in order that it may be filed separately) PAGE PAGE Posts - Vacant ... –– Notices under the Local Authorities Elections Ordinance — Examinations, Results of Examinations, &c. ... –– Revenue & Expenditure Returns ... –– Notices - calling for Tenders ... –– Local Government Notifications ... 2582 Budgets ... –– By-Laws ... –– Miscellaneous Notices ... 2595 Note.– Heart to Heart Trust Fund (Incorporation) Bill was published as a supplement to the part II of the Gazette of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka of December 02, 2016. IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING ACCEPTANCE OF NOTICES FOR PUBLICATION IN THE WEEKLY “GAZETTE” ATTENTION is drawn to the Notification appearing in the 1st week of every month, regarding the latest dates and times of acceptance of Notices for publication in the weekly Gazettes, at the end of every weekly Gazette of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. All Notices to be published in the weekly Gazettes shall close at 12.00 noon of each Friday, two weeks before the date of publication. All Government Departments, Corporations, Boards, etc. are hereby advised that Notifications fixing closing dates and times of applications in respect of Post-vacancies, Examinations, Tender Notices and dates and times of Auction Sales, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Give and Take of Disaster Aid
    The Give and Take of Disaster Aid Social and Moral Transformation in the Wake of the Tsunami in Sri Lanka The Give and Take of Disaster Aid Social and Moral Transformation in the Wake of the Tsunami in Sri Lanka Carolina Ivarsson Holgersson Doctoral Dissertation in Social Anthropology School of Global Studies University of Gothenburg 2013 © Carolina Ivarsson Holgersson 2013 Printed by: Kompendiet, Göteborg 2013 ISBN 978-91-628-8752-0 http://hdl.handle.net/2077/33687 References to internet web sites were accurate at the time of writing. The author takes no responsibility for web sites that may have expired or changed since this book was prepared. The Give and Take of Disaster Aid - Social and Moral Transformation in the Wake of the Tsunami in Sri Lanka By Carolina Holgersson Ivarsson. Doctoral dissertation 2013, Social Anthropology, School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg, Box 700, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. Language: English with a summary in Swedish. - ISBN 978-91-628-8752-0 - http://hdl.handle.net/2077/33687 Abstract The act of giving reflects the most basic principles of morality and has therefore constituted a classical anthropological field of inquiry. The importance of giving, receiving and reciprocating for the shaping and consolidation of social relations has long been recognized. This thesis uses these insights to explore the way in which the gift of disaster aid, which derives from outside the community, impacts upon local social and cosmological relations in a village. The main objective is to investigate how the Boxing Day 2004 tsunami and the immense wave of aid that followed it and subsequently receded, affected the local moral economy in a Sri Lankan village.
    [Show full text]
  • Rural Entrepreneurs in Context
    10 Rural entrepreneurs incontex t SarahSouthwold-Llewellyn Introduction The aim of this article is to discuss rural entrepreneurs in different contexts. One context is the theoretical and methodological framework of the 'Manchester School' which has been the underpinning ofNorma n Long's work, as well as my own. The other context is the one in which our informants operate. Both contexts are influenced by diachronic processes that affect the constructs of the academics and the constructs of our informants for understanding their behaviour. This article is a comparison of a few aspects of both contexts, and a look at how they have evolved over a twenty-five year period. The academic context begins when I arrived at Manchester University in 1968, as a postgraduate student from the United States. The Department of Social Anthropology was still in its heyday under the leadership of Max Gluckman. Emrys Peters, Kingsley Garbett, Bruce Kapferrer, Norman Long, Basil Sansom, Martin Southwold, and Dick Werbner were all staff members at the time. It was a dynamic, stimulating environment for students, as well as staff. Ideas were debated, challenged and developed. Complementary influence came from members of the Sociology Department - I mention particularly Peter Worsley, Clyde Mitchell and Bryan Roberts, who have all influenced Norman Long's work. Norman was at that time ayoun g and enthusiastic lecturer. His enthusiasm was expressed in the eclectic approaches he used inSocial Change and theIndividual (Long, 1968) where he experimented with different theoretical and methodological approaches to analyse his data. I was fortunate to be among one of the first groups of post-graduate students supervised by Norman.
    [Show full text]
  • Ipy Economicadjustment in Srilanka: I COPY Issuesand Prospects Public Disclosure Authorized
    -If11 No. 3901CE ? iPy EconomicAdjustment in SriLanka: i COPY Issuesand Prospects Public Disclosure Authorized May 27, 1982 South Asia ProgramsDepartment FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Documeni of the World Bank This document has a restricted disiribution and may be used by recipients oni in the perlormance of their official duties. Ils contents may not otherwise be disclosed%sithout Wbrld Bank authorization. CURRICY EQjVALENTS a/ End-December Currency Unit 1976 US$1.00 = Rs 8.83 Rs 1.00 = US$ 0.11 Rs 1 million = US$113,250 1977 US$1.00 REs 15.56 Rs 1.00 = US$ 0.06 Rs 1 million = US$64,267 1978 US$1.00 = Rs 15.51 Rs 1.00 = US$ 0.06 Rs 1 million = US$64,475 1979 US$1.00 REs 15.45 Rs 1.00 = US$ 0.06 Rs 1 million = US$64,725 1980 US$1.00 = Rs 18.00 Rs 1.00 = US$ 0.06 Rs 1 million = US$55,556 4"981 US$1.00 = Rs 20.55 Rs 1.00 = US$ 0.05 Rs 1 million = US$48,662 Annual Average Exchange Rates Foreign Exchange Entitlement Official Rate Certificate (FEEC) Rate b/ 1969-71 US$1.00 = Rs 5.95 Rs 9.22 (55% FEEC) 1972 US$1.00 = Rs 6.00 Rs 9.30 (55% FEEC) 1973 US$1.00 = Rs 6.40 Rs 10.56 (65% FEEC) 1974 US$1.00 = Rs 6.65 Rs 10.97 (65% FEEC) 1975 US$1.00 = Rs 7.05 Rs 11.63 (65% FEEC) 1976 US$1.00 = Rs 8.46 Rs 13.96 (65% FEEC) 1977 (Jan.
    [Show full text]
  • Income-Earning Activities for Women from Fishing Communities in Sri Lanka BAY of BENGAL PROGRAMME BOBP/REP/21 Development of Small-Scale Fisheries GCP/RAS/040/SWE
    BOBP/REP/21 (GCP/RAS/040/SWE) Income-Earning Activities for Women from Fishing Communities in Sri Lanka BAY OF BENGAL PROGRAMME BOBP/REP/21 Development of Small-Scale Fisheries GCP/RAS/040/SWE INCOME-EARNING ACTIVITIES FOR WOMEN FROM FISHING COMMUNITIES IN SRI LANKA By Edeltraud Drewes Sacio-Economist Bay of Bengal Programme Executing Agency : Funding Agency : Food and Agricultural Organization Swedish International of the United Nations Development Authority Develooment of Small-Scale Fisheries in the Bay of Bengal, Madras, India, September 1985. Mailing Address: Post Bag No. 1054, Madras 600 018, India Street Address : 91 St. Mary’s Road, Abhiramapuram, Madras 600 018, India. Cables : FOODAGRI. Telex : MS-31 1 FISH. Phones: 71294, 71296, 71587, 77760. This report describes two pilot activities in Sri Lanka meant to explore income- earning opportunities for women from fishing communities. The activities relate to coir production in Ulhitiyawa, and sewing and tailoring in Mirissa. The report has been written up essentially as a case study of the two pilot activities, especially of the process of planning and implementation; It is not a complete record of the activities. The report concludes that the pilot activities have, on the whole, yielded promi- sing results. However, lack of management skills among women from fishing communities remains a major lacuna. The report, and the pilot activities it describes, have been organized by the small- scale fisheries project of the Bay of Bengal Programme (BOBP), in cooperation with several agencies: the Sri Lanka Mahila Samiti, a voluntary organization; the Women’s Bureau of the Ministry of Plan Implementation; and the Welfare Division of the Ministry of Fisheries.
    [Show full text]