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Grass Genera in Townsville
Grass Genera in Townsville Nanette B. Hooker Photographs by Chris Gardiner SCHOOL OF MARINE and TROPICAL BIOLOGY JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY TOWNSVILLE QUEENSLAND James Cook University 2012 GRASSES OF THE TOWNSVILLE AREA Welcome to the grasses of the Townsville area. The genera covered in this treatment are those found in the lowland areas around Townsville as far north as Bluewater, south to Alligator Creek and west to the base of Hervey’s Range. Most of these genera will also be found in neighbouring areas although some genera not included may occur in specific habitats. The aim of this book is to provide a description of the grass genera as well as a list of species. The grasses belong to a very widespread and large family called the Poaceae. The original family name Gramineae is used in some publications, in Australia the preferred family name is Poaceae. It is one of the largest flowering plant families of the world, comprising more than 700 genera, and more than 10,000 species. In Australia there are over 1300 species including non-native grasses. In the Townsville area there are more than 220 grass species. The grasses have highly modified flowers arranged in a variety of ways. Because they are highly modified and specialized, there are also many new terms used to describe the various features. Hence there is a lot of terminology that chiefly applies to grasses, but some terms are used also in the sedge family. The basic unit of the grass inflorescence (The flowering part) is the spikelet. The spikelet consists of 1-2 basal glumes (bracts at the base) that subtend 1-many florets or flowers. -
(Gramineae) Background Concerned, It
BLUMEA 31 (1986) 281-307 Generic delimitationof Rottboelliaand related genera (Gramineae) J.F. Veldkamp R. de Koning & M.S.M. Sosef Rijksherbarium,Leiden, The Netherlands Summary Generic delimitations within the Rottboelliastrae Stapf and Coelorachidastrae Clayton (for- mal name) are revised. Coelorachis Brongn., Hackelochloa O. Ktze, Heteropholis C.E. Hubb., in Ratzeburgia Kunth, and Rottboellia formosa R. Br, are to be included Mnesithea Kunth. Heteropholis cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton and its variety chenii (Hsu) Sosef & Koning are varieties of Mnesithea laevis (Retz.) Kunth. Robynsiochloa Jacq.-Félix is to be included in Rottboellia L.f. The necessary new combinations, a list of genera and representative species, and a key to the genera are given. In the Appendix a new species of Rottboellia, R. paradoxa Koning & Sosef, is described from the Philippines. The enigmatic species Rottboellia villosa Poir. is transferred to Schizachyrium villosum (Poir.) Veldk., comb. nov. Introduction Historical background The of the within the of taxa delimitation genera group represented by Rottboel- lia L. f. and its closest relatives, here taken in the sense of Clayton (1973), has always posed a considerable problem. former In times Rottboellia contained many species. It was divided up in various the of Hackel seemed most ways, but system 5 subgenera as proposed by (1889) authoritative: Coelorachis (Brongn.) Hack., Hemarthria (R. Br.) Hack., Peltophorus (Desv.) HackPhacelurus (Griseb.) Hack., and Thyrsostachys Hack. When at the end of the last century and in the beginning of the present one many large grass genera were split up, e.g. Andropogon, Panicum, Stapf (1917) raised Hackel's subgenera to generic rank, reviving some old names formerly treated as synonyms, and created several new of the of other unable finish his ones. -
2018 Cambodia & South Vietnam Species List
Cambodia and South Vietnam Leader: Barry Davies Eagle-Eye Tours January 2018 Seen/ Common Name Scientific Name Heard DUCKS, GEESE, AND WATERFOWL 1 Lesser Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna javanica s 2 Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos s 3 Cotton Pygmy-Goose Nettapus coromandelianus s 4 Indian Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha s 5 Garganey Anas querquedula s PHEASANTS, GROUSE, TURKEYS, ALLIES 6 Chinese Francolin Francolinus pintadeanus s 9 Scaly-breasted Partridge Arborophila chloropus s 11 Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus s 13 Siamese Fireback Lophura diardi s 14 Germain's Peacock-Pheasant Polyplectron germaini s 16 Green Peafowl Pavo muticus s GREBES 17 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis s STORKS 18 Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans s 19 Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus s 21 Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala s CORMORANTS AND SHAGS 22 Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis s 23 Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo s 24 Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger s ANHINGAS 25 Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster s PELICANS 26 Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis s HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS 28 Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus s 30 Gray Heron Ardea cinerea s 31 Purple Heron Ardea purpurea s 32 Eastern Great Egret Ardea (alba) modesta s 33 Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia s 34 Little Egret Egretta garzetta s 35 (Eastern) Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis coromandus s IBISES AND SPOONBILLS 41 White-shouldered Ibis Pseudibis davisoni s 42 Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephallus s 43 Giant Ibis Pseudibis gigantea s OSPREY 44 Osprey -
Flora of China 22: 647–648. 2006. 222. OPHIUROS C. F. Gaertner
Flora of China 22: 647–648. 2006. 222. OPHIUROS C. F. Gaertner, Suppl. Carp. 3. 1805. 蛇尾草属 she wei cao shu Sun Bixing (孙必兴 Sun Bi-sin); Sylvia M. Phillips Annual or perennial. Culms robust. Leaf blades linear, flat; ligule membranous. Inflorescence of many single racemes ag- gregated into a spathate compound panicle; racemes cylindrical, fragile, transversely or slightly obliquely articulated, spikelets borne alternately on opposite sides of rachis; rachis internodes stout, semi-cylindrical, base with central peg, apex hollow. Sessile spikelet sunk into hollow in rachis; lower glume oblong, leathery, broadly convex, smooth, areolate or latticelike; marginally 2-keeled, with or without narrow wings toward apex; lower floret male with a palea; upper floret hyaline with entire awnless lemma. Pedicelled spikelet absent; pedicel linear, adnate to adjacent internode, sometimes barely distinguishable from it. Four species: NE tropical Africa, tropical Asia, Australia; one species in China. 1. Ophiuros exaltatus (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 780. 1891. 蛇尾草 she wei cao Aegilops exaltata Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 575. 1771; Mnesithea exaltata (Linnaeus) Skeels; Ophiuros corymbosus (Linnaeus f.) Gaertner; Rottboellia corymbosa Linnaeus f. Perennial. Culms often bulbously swollen at base, erect, 1–2 m tall, 4–6 mm in diam., simple or branched. Leaf sheaths with tubercle-based hairs or glabrous, margins densely ciliate with rather rigid tubercle-based hairs; leaf blades broadly linear, 30–60 × 0.5–2.5 cm, midrib broad and white, margins pecti- nate, base rounded or subcordate, apex long-acuminate; ligule 1–2 mm, glabrous. Racemes often fastigiately clustered, slen- der, 0.5–1.5 cm, base enclosed by a spatheole; rachis very fra- gile, internodes ca. -
Notes on Rare, Vagrant and Exotic Avifauna at Macquarie Island, 1901-2000 Introduction
Papers and Proc eedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, Volume 142(1), 2008 105 NOTES ON RARE, VAGRANTAND EXOTIC AVIFAUNA AT MACQUARIE ISLAND, 1901-2000 by G. R. Copson and N. P. Brothers (with one text-figure and three tables) Copson, G. R. & Brothers, N. P. 2008 (3 \ :x): Notes on rare, vagrant and exotic avifauna at Macquarie Island, 1901-2000. Papers and Proceedings of the RoyalSociety of Tasmania I 42(1): 105-116. https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.142.1.105 ISSN 0080-4703. 32 Red Chapel Ave, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005, Australia (GRC*), 176 South Arm Drive, WongaBeach, Queensland 4873, Australia (NPB). *Author for correspondence. The occurrence and status of rare, vagranr and exotic bird taxarecorded at Macquarie Island between190 I and 2000 are reviewed. The number of species recorded at the island, excluding rhose that have bred regularly on the main island between 1901 and 2000, is increased to 56 non-breeding species, seven species that have been confirmed breeding since 1980 and four introduced/exotic species breeding on the island. Key Words: Macquarie Island, sub-Antarctic, avifaunarecords. INTRODUCTION Sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island (fig. 1) lies in the Southern North Head Ocean, at 54"30'5, 158 57'E, approximately 1500 km SSE of Hobart, Tasmania, and 1100 km SSW of Invercargill, New Zealand. The nearest land is the Auckland Islands, 600 km NE and Campbell Island 650 km ENE. The island is 34 km long by 5.5 km at its broadest point and 12 800 ha in area. N The Nuggets I There are two small outlying groups, the Judge and Clerk islets 11 km to the north and the larger Bishop and Clerk islets 37 km to the south, together with several offshoresea stacks t around the main island. -
Influence of Leaf Chemistry on Dietary Choice and Habitat Quality of Koala (Phascolarctos Cinereus) Populations in Southwest Queensland
Influence of leaf chemistry on dietary choice and habitat quality of koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in southwest Queensland Huiying Wu Master of Science A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2017 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Abstract Protecting high quality habitat is an important wildlife conservation action. Spatial and temporal variation in habitat quality in heterogeneous landscapes influences habitat use and population persistence. Populations living at the margins of species’ geographic ranges are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in habitat quality, especially if species occupy narrow ecological niches. For arboreal folivores, foliar chemical composition is a key factor influencing habitat quality. To understand the spatial and temporal dynamics of foliar chemistry and hence the habitat quality for an arboreal folivore species, I applied theories and methods from chemical ecology, nutritional ecology and landscape ecology to understand foliar chemical/folivore interactions in a seasonally changing environment. I used populations of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in two semi-arid regions of Queensland, Australia, as a case study. Koalas are specialist folivores with complex feeding behaviour from Eucalyptus species. My aim was to identify the influence of foliar chemicals (moisture content, digestible nitrogen (DigN) and a toxin formylated phloroglucinol compounds (FPC) concentrations) and associated environmental factors on koala habitat use -
Impacts of Land Clearing
Impacts of Land Clearing on Australian Wildlife in Queensland January 2003 WWF Australia Report Authors: Dr Hal Cogger, Professor Hugh Ford, Dr Christopher Johnson, James Holman & Don Butler. Impacts of Land Clearing on Australian Wildlife in Queensland ABOUT THE AUTHORS Dr Hal Cogger Australasian region” by the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union. He is a WWF Australia Trustee Dr Hal Cogger is a leading Australian herpetologist and former member of WWF’s Scientific Advisory and author of the definitive Reptiles and Amphibians Panel. of Australia. He is a former Deputy Director of the Australian Museum. He has participated on a range of policy and scientific committees, including the Dr Christopher Johnson Commonwealth Biological Diversity Advisory Committee, Chair of the Australian Biological Dr Chris Johnson is an authority on the ecology and Resources Study, and Chair of the Australasian conservation of Australian marsupials. He has done Reptile & Amphibian Specialist Group (IUCN’s extensive research on herbivorous marsupials of Species Survival Commission). He also held a forests and woodlands, including landmark studies of Conjoint Professorship in the Faculty of Science & the behavioural ecology of kangaroos and wombats, Mathematics at the University of Newcastle (1997- the ecology of rat-kangaroos, and the sociobiology of 2001). He is a member of the International possums. He has also worked on large-scale patterns Commission on Zoological Nomenclature and is a in the distribution and abundance of marsupial past Secretary of the Division of Zoology of the species and the biology of extinction. He is a member International Union of Biological Sciences. He is of the Marsupial and Monotreme Specialist Group of currently the John Evans Memorial Fellow at the the IUCN Species Survival Commission, and has Australian Museum. -
Brigalow Belt Bioregion – a Biodiversity Jewel
Brigalow Belt bioregion – a biodiversity jewel Brigalow habitat © Craig Eddie What is brigalow? including eucalypt and cypress pine forests and The term ‘brigalow’ is used simultaneously to refer to; woodlands, grasslands and other Acacia dominated the tree Acacia harpophylla; an ecological community ecosystems. dominated by this tree and often found in conjunction with other species such as belah, wilga and false Along the eastern boundary of the Brigalow Belt are sandalwood; and a broader region where this species scattered patches of semi-evergreen vine thickets with and ecological community are present. bright green canopy species that are highly visible among the more silvery brigalow communities. These The Brigalow Belt bioregion patches are a dry adapted form of rainforest, relics of a much wetter past. The Brigalow Belt bioregion is a large and complex area covering 36,400 000ha. The region is thus recognised What are the issues? by the Australian Government as a biodiversity hotspot. Nature conservation in the region has received increasing attention because of the rapid and extensive This hotspot contains some of the most threatened loss of habitat that has occurred. Since World War wildlife in the world, including populations of the II the Brigalow Belt bioregion has become a major endangered bridled nail-tail wallaby and the only agricultural and pastoral area. Broad-scale clearing for remaining wild population of the endangered northern agriculture and unsustainable grazing has fragmented hairy-nosed wombat. The area contains important the original vegetation in the past, particularly on habitat for rare and threatened species including the, lowland areas. glossy black-cockatoo, bulloak jewel butterfl y, brigalow scaly-foot, red goshawk, little pied bat, golden-tailed geckos and threatened community of semi evergreen Biodiversity hotspots are areas that support vine thickets. -
The BLSH Flyer
The BLSH flyer Volume 6 Number 4, November 2017 Silvereye by Erna Llenore Eastern Rosellas Photo by Linda Hoelle Contents From the President .................................................................................................. Page 2 Mt Annan Botanic Gardens Outing ............................................................................. Page 3 Coast of Central California; North-eastern Oregon ....................................................... Page 4-6 The Finches ............................................................................................................ Page 6 Liaison Officer’s Report ............................................................................................. Page 7-9 Conservation Officer’s Report .................................................................................... Page 9 Lake Alexandra Intrepid Birders Walk ......................................................................... Page 10 Bicentennial Park and Newington Armory ................................................................... Page 11 Cave Creek Outing ................................................................................................... Page 12 Moruya Field Trip Report .......................................................................................... Page 13-16 Bird Banding at the Guppy’s Property ......................................................................... Page 17-18 Worth Viewing........................................................................................................ -
South West Queensland QLD Page 1 of 89 21-Jan-11 Species List for NRM Region South West Queensland, Queensland
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Assam Extension I 17Th to 21St March 2015 (5 Days)
Trip Report Assam Extension I 17th to 21st March 2015 (5 days) Greater Adjutant by Glen Valentine Tour leaders: Glen Valentine & Wayne Jones Trip report compiled by Glen Valentine Trip Report - RBT Assam Extension I 2015 2 Top 5 Birds for the Assam Extension as voted by tour participants: 1. Pied Falconet 4. Ibisbill 2. Greater Adjutant 5. Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon 3. White-winged Duck Honourable mentions: Slender-billed Vulture, Swamp Francolin & Slender-billed Babbler Tour Summary: Our adventure through the north-east Indian subcontinent began in the bustling city of Guwahati, the capital of Assam province in north-east India. We kicked off our birding with a short but extremely productive visit to the sprawling dump at the edge of town. Along the way we stopped for eye-catching, introductory species such as Coppersmith Barbet, Purple Sunbird and Striated Grassbird that showed well in the scopes, before arriving at the dump where large frolicking flocks of the endangered and range-restricted Greater Adjutant greeted us, along with hordes of Black Kites and Eastern Cattle Egrets. Eastern Jungle Crows were also in attendance as were White Indian One-horned Rhinoceros and Citrine Wagtails, Pied and Jungle Mynas and Brown Shrike. A Yellow Bittern that eventually showed very well in a small pond adjacent to the dump was a delightful bonus, while a short stroll deeper into the refuse yielded the last remaining target species in the form of good numbers of Lesser Adjutant. After our intimate experience with the sought- after adjutant storks it was time to continue our journey to the grassy plains, wetlands, forests and woodlands of the fabulous Kaziranga National Park, our destination for the next two nights. -
Investigation of Mitochondrial-Derived Plastome Sequences in the Paspalum Lineage (Panicoideae; Poaceae) Sean V
Burke et al. BMC Plant Biology (2018) 18:152 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1379-1 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Investigation of mitochondrial-derived plastome sequences in the Paspalum lineage (Panicoideae; Poaceae) Sean V. Burke1* , Mark C. Ungerer2 and Melvin R. Duvall1 Abstract Background: The grass family (Poaceae), ca. 12,075 species, is a focal point of many recent studies that aim to use complete plastomes to reveal and strengthen relationships within the family. The use of Next Generation Sequencing technology has revealed intricate details in many Poaceae plastomes; specifically the trnI - trnL intergenic spacer region. This study investigates this region and the putative mitochondrial inserts within it in complete plastomes of Paspalum and other Poaceae. Results: Nine newly sequenced plastomes, seven of which contain an insert within the trnI - trnL intergenic spacer, were combined into plastome phylogenomic and divergence date analyses with 52 other species. A robust Paspalum topology was recovered, originating at 10.6 Ma, with the insert arising at 8.7 Ma. The alignment of the insert across Paspalum reveals 21 subregions with pairwise homology in 19. In an analysis of emergent self- organizing maps of tetranucleotide frequencies, the Paspalum insert grouped with mitochondrial DNA. Conclusions: A hypothetical ancestral insert, 17,685 bp in size, was found in the trnI - trnL intergenic spacer for the Paspalum lineage. A different insert, 2808 bp, was found in the same region for Paraneurachne muelleri. Seven different intrastrand deletion events were found within the Paspalum lineage, suggesting selective pressures to remove large portions of noncoding DNA. Finally, a tetranucleotide frequency analysis was used to determine that the origin of the insert in the Paspalum lineage is mitochondrial DNA.