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Individual Portfolio
ENGN2226 Portfolio! u5012556! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Biometric Passport Authentication By Facial Recognition Feasibility Study 25 October 2013 Introduction! The job of an engineer is often characterised as problem solving. While this may seem simple, and venerable, when it comes time to produce a solution, looking at a problem offers no potential for realisation of the inextricable nature of industry, the environment, humans, and the economy. In an interconnected world, we must afford a systems approach to thinking, and offer our designs input from a perspective that realises the complex relationships and possibilities of an integrated approach to engineering. Throughout this paper, the task at hand is to analyse the feasibility of advanced facial recognition, or ‘SmartGates’ in passport authentication. In an engineering systems analysis, several tools will be used to inform a progressive development of design, through further analysis, data collection, and redesign. Each analysis technique can be integrated into another; data collection is used several times to build more comprehensive knowledge used in queue theory, human factors analysis, and system dynamics. The arrows linking these topics are more convoluted than in any Sankey, stock and flow, or energy-mass diagram. The technical outcomes of the following analyses clarify areas needing attention in current biometric identification systems, and conclude that a key focus must be to gain accurate data on uptake of technology to ensure a smooth rollout, to avoid under- or over-supply of the right services. Multifactorial design and queue theory combine to influence system design into a clever balance between automated and human passport controllers. It is important to ensure an appropriate level of human presence in the process, to save face in the event of system failure. -
TAG-MRTD/18-WP/3 International Civil Aviation Organization 22/4/08 English Only WORKING PAPER
TAG-MRTD/18-WP/3 International Civil Aviation Organization 22/4/08 English only WORKING PAPER TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP ON MACHINE READABLE TRAVEL DOCUMENTS (TAG-MRTD) EIGHTEENTH MEETING Montréal, 5 to 8 May 2008 Agenda Item 1: Activities of the NTWG Agenda Item 1.2 Guidelines on e-MRTDs & Passenger Facilitation GUIDELINES on e-MRTDS & PASSENGER FACILITATION Presented by the New Technologies Working Group (NTWG) 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 At TAG-MRTD 16 held in Montreal from 26 to 28 September 2005 a proposal for a Technical Report on Automated Border Control Systems was presented. 1.2 The TAG suggested that this report will be better identified as a “guideline” and that it should broaden the scope to include systems based on e-passport functionality and not just on enrolment. The group also suggested such guidelines could eventually be included in Chapter 6 of Annex 9. 1.3 This Working Paper informs the TAG about the final version of the guidelines. 2. BACKGROUND 2.1 The strategy to improve facilitation and expedite low-risk travellers through (automated) inspection controls while achieving a high level of compliance was already set out in WP/12, presented during TAG-MRTD-11. 2.2 Due to the impact of several international terrorism actions and the heavy workload of the introduction of the e-passport, the NTWG was unable to work on a solution on improvement of facilitation for border control. (2 pages) TAGMRTD.18.wp3.Guidelines eMRTD and Passenger.en.doc TAG-MRTD/18-WP/3 - 2 - 2.3 With the introduction of the ICAO standards for e-passports, many States have already implemented the necessary infrastructure, to issue e-passports. -
Surveillance, Risk and Preemption on the Australian Border
Surveillance & Society 5(2): 124-141 Smart Borders and Mobilities (eds. Amoore, Marmura and Salter) http://www.surveillance-and-society.org Surveillance, Risk and Preemption on the Australian Border Dean Wilson1 and Leanne Weber2 Abstract In this paper we will map and analyze Australian border surveillance technologies. In doing so, we wish to interrogate the extent to which these surveillance practices are constitutive of new regimes of regulation and control. Surveillance technologies, we argue, are integral to strategies of risk profiling, social sorting and “punitive pre-emption.” The Australian nation-state thus mirrors broader global patterns in the government of mobility, whereby mobile bodies are increasingly sorted into kinetic elites and kinetic underclasses. Surveillance technologies and practices positioned within a frame of security and control diminish the spaces that human rights and social justice might occupy. It is therefore imperative that critical scholars examine the moral implications of risk and identify ways in which spaces for such significant concerns might be forged. Introduction Since the attacks of September 11 Australian authorities have increasingly redefined mobility as a problem of security. Such a redefinition has endeavored to position mobility “above the realm of normal politics” where considerations of social justice are evaded and questions of “effectiveness” emerge as paramount (Loader 2002: 137). This securitization agenda is operationally apparent through the amplification of surveillance practices on and beyond the border.3 Aas (2005) has argued that in a world characterized by global flows, zones and networks, it is technology, rather than geography, that increasingly defines the space of governance. The policing of global mobility now takes place in “informated space” through transnational networks aimed at the “bureaucratic production of knowledge about suspect populations” (Sheptycki 1998: 70). -
Future Travel Document for Canadians Biometrically Enabled Travel Cards
Future Travel Document for Canadians Biometrically Enabled Travel Cards Afshin Manglori School of Public Administration University of Victoria ADMN 598 July 2012 Client: Darren Goodyear Passport Canada Manager, Strategic Research and Analysis Division Supervisor: Dr. John Langford School of Public Administration, University of Victoria Second reader: Dr. Emmanuel Brunet-Jailly School of Public Administration, University of Victoria Chair: Dr. Tara Ney School of Public Administration, University of Victoria 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: I wish to thank the following for all the help and information provided for this project: Ayaz Merali – Analyst, Simplified Passenger Travel – Vancouver Airport Authority Walid Shatob – Analyst, Strategic Research and Analysis – Passport Canada David Clark – Consultant – ePassport Project – Passport Canada Marcus Serrao – Consultant – ePassport Project – Passport Canada 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Canadians enjoy travelling and do not shy away from adventure. Most Canadians travel internationally and almost 67% have a passport. The United States is the most frequently visited country for Canadians, roughly 300,000 people cross the US-Canada border each day (US Department of Homeland Security & Public Safety Canada, 2012 p.2). Although passports are the internationally recognized documents for crossing borders, in order to ensure an ease of flow of travellers, and provide Canadian citizens with convenient alternative to passport books, provincial and federal agencies in Canada have initiated programs to issue other documents that could be used by Canadian citizens to cross the border and visit the United States. The Enhanced Driver’s Licence issued by four provinces is acceptable by border officials in both countries. Another document that facilitates travel (between Canada and the US) is the NEXUS card, a federal government initiative for cross-border travellers. -
Department of Immigration & Multicultural & Indigenous Affairs
- 1 - JOINT COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT REVIEW OF AVIATION SECURITY IN AUSTRALIA: SUBMISSION FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF IMMIGRATION AND MULTICULTURAL AND INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS - 2 - Introduction 1. The Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA) welcomes the opportunity to provide this submission to the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit‘s Review of Aviation Security in Australia. 2. DIMIA is responsible for administering the Migration Act 1958, the object which is to regulate, in the national interest, the travel, entry and stay in Australia of non- citizens. To advance its object, the Act provides for visas permitting non-citizens to enter or remain in Australia and requires persons whether citizens or non- citizens, entering Australia to identify themselves. 3. DIMIA works closely with other Australian government agencies, overseas governments, international organisations, airlines and other agencies to prevent and deter persons who seek to enter Australia in an unauthorised manner or who may be intent on harming members of the Australian community. Through continual improvements in the application of technology and information collected by DIMIA or provided by other agencies, DIMIA works with other agencies to protect Australia’s borders by maintaining effective screening of travellers. This occurs at all stages from visa process from application to arrival in Australia and by maintaining records of peoples movements in and out of Australia. Australia’s Visa System 4. Australia’s visa system is universal and non-discriminatory, requiring all travellers to Australia to have the authority to enter Australia. All applications for Australian visas must meet certain requirements for an application to be considered lawful and meet the specific criteria attached to the visa being applied for.