DOCSLIB.ORG

Variation in Insect Herbivore Communities on Individual Plants Reveals Phylogenetic Signal in 2 Uncertainty of Attack in Brassicaceae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.06.413724; this version posted December 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Variation in insect herbivore communities on individual plants reveals phylogenetic signal in 2 uncertainty of attack in Brassicaceae 3 4 Daan Mertens1*, Klaas Bouwmeester2 and Erik H. Poelman1 5 1 Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, 6 Wageningen, The Netherlands. 7 2 Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, 8 Wageningen, The Netherlands. 9 10 11 12 * Correspondence: Daan Mertens 13 Email: [email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] 14 ORCID ID: DM. 0000-0003-4220-9075; KB. 0000-0002-8141-3880; EHP. 0000-0003-3285- 15 613X 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Keywords 24 Plant defence strategies; predictability; ecological interaction networks; cabbage and mustard 25 family; co-evolution 26 27 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.06.413724; this version posted December 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 28 Abstract 29 As a result of co-evolution between plants and herbivores, related plants often interact with 30 similar communities of herbivores. On individual plants, typically only a subset of interactions 31 is realized. The stochasticity of realized interactions leads to uncertainty of attack on individual 32 plants and is likely to determine adaptiveness of plant defence strategies. Here, we show that 33 across 12 plant species in two phylogenetic lineages of the Brassicaceae, variation in realized 34 herbivore communities reveals a phylogenetic signal in the uncertainty of attack on individual 35 plants. Individual plants of Brassicaceae Lineage II were attacked by a larger number of 36 herbivore species from a larger species pool, resulting in a higher uncertainty of realized 37 antagonistic interactions compared to plants in Lineage I. We argue that uncertainty of attack 38 in terms of realized interactions on individual plants is ecologically relevant and must therefore 39 be considered in the evolution of plant defences. 40 41 Introduction 42 Over their lifetime, plants interact with numerous organisms of which many are herbivorous. 43 In addition to a mixture of environmental effects such as host plant community composition 44 and abiotic conditions, the set of antagonistic interaction partners of a plant species is strongly 45 determined by selection pressures and phylogenetic history (Morales-Castilla et al. 2015, 46 Hutchinson et al. 2017). Insect herbivores may exert selection that promotes novel defence 47 strategies in plants and these events often coincide with radiation of herbivore species that have 48 counteradaptations to these novel defences (Edger et al. 2015). Even though the relationship 49 between plant phylogenetic distance and overlap in herbivore communities is variable across 50 plant clades, co-evolutionary processes often result in non-random structuring of plant- 51 associated antagonist communities (Bergamini et al. 2017, Rapo et al. 2019, Cirtwill et al. 2 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.06.413724; this version posted December 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 52 2020). 53 However, these macro-evolutionary patterns are generally described for the full potential 54 pool of antagonist species interacting with a plant species, whereas natural selection by these 55 antagonists acts on the level of plant individuals. In many plant species, there is a discrepancy 56 between the full potential of antagonistic interaction partners at the plant species level and the 57 subset of realized interactions for individual plants (Lewinsohn et al. 2005, Kuppler et al. 2016). 58 The subset of antagonists actually colonizing individual plants is determined by intraspecific 59 variation in plant traits (Barbour et al. 2015, Barbour et al. 2018), variation in functional traits 60 across antagonist species or individuals (Zytynska and Preziosi 2013), priority effects in 61 community assembly in which a first colonizer affects the likelihood of attack by other 62 antagonists (Lill and Marquis 2003, Stam et al. 2018), environmental heterogeneity and habitat 63 filtering (Johnson and Agrawal 2005, Agrawal and Fishbein 2006, Violle et al. 2012), as well 64 as stochastic processes (Shoemaker et al. 2020). Moreover, plant species may differ in the 65 relative proportion of realized interactions per individual plant out of the full antagonist species 66 pool and thus differ in the uncertainty of which antagonists attack individual plants. For 67 example, plant species that interact with a larger species pool of herbivores face a larger number 68 of potential herbivore species at the level of individual plants, possibly resulting in a larger 69 uncertainty of realized interactions. At the same time, the uncertainty of interactions 70 experienced by individual plants is determined by both the proportion as well as the absolute 71 number of realized interactions and dominance of interactions by key herbivore species. The 72 uncertainty of attack on individual plants is a major component of theories on plant defence 73 plasticity (Poelman and Kessler 2016, Salazar et al. 2016b, Karban 2019). Plants evolved 74 inducible defences that are activated upon recognition of attack to save metabolic costs 75 associated with production and maintenance of defence when herbivores are absent (Meldau et 76 al. 2012). Plasticity in defence also allows plants to tailor defences to specific antagonists and 3 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.06.413724; this version posted December 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 77 to integrate responses to multiple attackers (Van der Ent et al. 2018). Variation across plant 78 species in the uncertainty of attack may strongly impact the evolution of such plastic defence 79 strategies. It is to be expected that related plant species face more similar levels of uncertainty 80 in their interactions as closely related plant species tend to interact with herbivore communities 81 that are similar in composition (Agosta 2006, Agrawal and Fishbein 2006, Futuyma and 82 Agrawal 2009). However, it is unknown whether phylogenetic signals in uncertainty of 83 community composition or structure on individual plants exist. Understanding how the overall 84 uncertainty of interactions that plants experience varies within and among plant species can 85 provide valuable insights in the evolutionary history of defence strategies (Violle et al. 2012, 86 Ohgushi 2016, Salazar et al. 2016a, Stam et al. 2018). 87 To determine phylogenetic signals in plant-herbivore community composition and explore 88 variation in uncertainty of realized interactions across plant individuals, we compare insect 89 herbivore community characteristics among 12 Brassicaceae species, belonging to two major 90 phylogenetic lineages (Lineage I and Lineage II) within this family. We hypothesize that the 91 composition of the herbivore community with which plants interact correlates with plant 92 phylogeny, and that this phylogenetic signal is retained in the uncertainty of realized 93 interactions on individual plant level. We explicitly test whether plant phylogenetic distance 94 predicts i) the species richness, diversity and the proportion of realized interactions on 95 individual plants out of the full potential herbivore community as a measure of uncertainty of 96 attack on individual plants, and ii) the similarity in the average herbivore community 97 composition and structure on individual plants within a species. We subsequently test whether 98 the phylogenetic signal correlates with similarity in plant growth traits. We then evaluate which 99 evolutionary models best predict phylogenetic signals in herbivore community diversity and 100 uncertainty of attack in Brassicaceae and discuss its consequences for the evolution of plant 101 defences. 4 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.06.413724; this version posted December 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 102 Results 103 Plant phylogeny structures the number and proportion of realized interactions on individual 104 plants 105 By repeatedly monitoring insect herbivore communities during the life span of individual 106 plants of 12 annual Brassicaceae species (Supplementary File 1 Table A, Supplementary Fig. 107 1), we identified that the network of insect herbivores interacting with the 12 plant species was 108 strongly connected (Fig. 1). Overall, both
Recommended publications
  • Addenda and Amendments to a Checklist of the Lepidoptera of the British Isles on Account of Subsequently Published Data

    Addenda and Amendments to a Checklist of the Lepidoptera of the British Isles on Account of Subsequently Published Data

    Ent Rec 128(2)_Layout 1 22/03/2016 12:53 Page 98 94 Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 128 (2016) ADDENDA AND AMENDMENTS TO A CHECKLIST OF THE LEPIDOPTERA OF THE BRITISH ISLES ON ACCOUNT OF SUBSEQUENTLY PUBLISHED DATA 1 DAVID J. L. A GASSIZ , 2 S. D. B EAVAN & 1 R. J. H ECKFORD 1 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD 2 The Hayes, Zeal Monachorum, Devon EX17 6DF This update incorpotes information published before 25 March 2016 into A Checklist of the Lepidoptera of the British Isles, 2013. CENSUS The number of species now recorded from the British Isles stands at 2535 of which 57 are thought to be extinct and in addition there are 177 adventive species. CHANGE OF STATUS (no longer extinct) p. 17 16.013 remove X, Hall (2013) p. 25 35.006 remove X, Beavan & Heckford (2014) p. 40 45.024 remove X, Wilton (2014) p. 54 49.340 remove X, Manning (2015) ADDITIONAL SPECIES in main list 12.0047 Infurcitinea teriolella (Amsel, 1954) E S W I C 15.0321 Parornix atripalpella Wahlström, 1979 E S W I C 15.0861 Phyllonorycter apparella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) E S W I C 15.0862 Phyllonorycter pastorella (Zeller, 1846) E S W I C 27.0021 Oegoconia novimundi (Busck, 1915) E S W I C 35.0299 Helcystogramma triannulella (Herrich-Sch äffer, 1854) E S W I C 41.0041 Blastobasis maroccanella Amsel, 1952 E S W I C 48.0071 Choreutis nemorana (Hübner, 1799) E S W I C 49.0371 Clepsis dumicolana (Zeller, 1847) E S W I C 49.2001 TETRAMOERA Diakonoff, [1968] langmaidi Plant, 2014 E S W I C 62.0151 Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1836) E S W I C 72.0061 Hypena lividalis (Hübner, 1790) Chevron Snout E S W I C 70.2841 PUNGELARIA Rougemont, 1903 capreolaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) Banded Pine Carpet E S W I C 72.0211 HYPHANTRIA Harris, 1841 cunea (Drury, 1773) Autumn Webworm E S W I C 73.0041 Thysanoplusia daubei (Boisduval, 1840) Boathouse Gem E S W I C 73.0301 Aedia funesta (Esper, 1786) Druid E S W I C Ent Rec 128(2)_Layout 1 22/03/2016 12:53 Page 99 Entomologist’s Rec.
  • Whole-Genome Data Reveal the Complex History of a Diverse Ecological Community

    Whole-Genome Data Reveal the Complex History of a Diverse Ecological Community

    Whole-genome data reveal the complex history of a diverse ecological community Lynsey Bunnefelda,b,1,2, Jack Hearna,1, Graham N. Stonea,3, and Konrad Lohsea,3 aInstitute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, Scotland; and bBiological & Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland Edited by Craig Moritz, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Douglas Futuyma May 30, 2018 (received for review January 8, 2018) How widespread ecological communities assemble remains a key Concordant population histories are expected in obligate question in ecology. Trophic interactions between widespread species associations, such as those between plants and special- species may reflect a shared population history or ecological ist pollinators, and these commonly show both coevolution of fitting of local pools of species with very different population his- associated traits and codiversification of the lineages involved tories. Which scenario applies is central to the stability of trophic (6, 7). However, much of terrestrial diversity is found in com- associations and the potential for coevolution between species. munities dominated by less specific interactions between guilds Here we show how alternative community assembly hypotheses of species, for which either codispersal or ecological fitting is can be discriminated using whole-genome data for component a plausible assembly mechanism. These are exemplified by the species and provide a likelihood framework that overcomes cur- rich insect communities associated with temperate trees, in which rent limitations in formal comparison of multispecies histories. widespread herbivores are commonly attacked by a consistent set We illustrate our approach by inferring the assembly history of of parasitoid enemies (8, 9).
  • Unraveling the Role of Fungal Symbionts in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

    Unraveling the Role of Fungal Symbionts in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

    REVIEW Plant Signaling & Behavior 6:2, 175-191; February 2011; ©2011 Landes Bioscience Unraveling the role of fungal symbionts in plant abiotic stress tolerance Lamabam Peter Singh,1 Sarvajeet Singh Gill2,3,* and Narendra Tuteja2,* 1Department of Botany; Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh; 2Plant Molecular Biology Group; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg; New Delhi, India; 3Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab; Centre for Biotechnology; MD University; Rohtak, Haryana India Key words: abiotic stress, endophytes, fungal symbiont, mycorrhizal fungus, Piriformospora indica, stress tolerance, symbiosis rhizosphere and internal tissues that influence their perfor- Fungal symbionts have been found to be associated with mance.6,7 It was suggested in the late 1800’s and now confirmed every plant studied in the natural ecosystem, where they by DNA based detection technology that plastids and mitochon- colonize and reside entirely or partially in the internal tissues of their host plant. Fungal endophytes can express/form a dria of the eukaryotic cell were derived from a consortium of 5,8,9 range of different lifestyle/relationships with different host primitive microbes. The continuity of microbial associations including symbiotic, mutualistic, commensalistic and parasitic with plants from their origin suggests that plants have not func- in response to host genotype and environmental factors. In tioned as autonomous individuals, but their internal tissues pro- mutualistic association fungal endophyte can enhance growth, vide a unique ecological environment for diverse communities of increase reproductive success and confer biotic and abiotic symbiotic microbes, which have had a major influence on plant stress tolerance to its host plant.
  • Positive Biotic Interactions in Freshwaters: a Review and Research Directive

    Positive Biotic Interactions in Freshwaters: a Review and Research Directive

    Received: 2 July 2019 | Revised: 3 December 2019 | Accepted: 18 December 2019 DOI: 10.1111/fwb.13476 REVIEW ARTICLE Positive biotic interactions in freshwaters: A review and research directive Samuel Silknetter1,2 | Robert P. Creed2 | Bryan L. Brown3 | Emmanuel A. Frimpong4 | James Skelton5 | Brandon K. Peoples1 1Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, Abstract SC, USA 1. Positive interspecific interactions such as mutualism, commensalism, and facilita- 2 Department of Biology, Appalachian State tion are globally ubiquitous. Although research on positive interactions in terres- University, Boone, NC, USA 3Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia trial and marine systems has progressed over the past few decades, comparatively Polytechnic Institute and State University, little is known about them in freshwater ecosystems. However, recent advances Blacksburg, VA, USA have brought the study of positive interactions in freshwater systems to a point 4Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute where synthesis is warranted. and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA 2. In this review, we catalogue the variety of direct positive interactions described 5School of Forest Resources and to date in freshwater ecosystems, discuss factors that could influence prevalence Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA and impact of these interactions, and provide a framework for future research. 3. In positive interactions, organisms exchange key resources such as nutrients, pro- Correspondence Brandon K. Peoples, Department of Forestry tection, transportation, or habitat to a net benefit for at least one participant. and Environmental Conservation, Clemson A few mutualistic relationships have received research attention to date, namely University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. Email: [email protected] seed-dispersing fishes, crayfishes and their ectosymbiotic cleaners, and commu- nal-spawning stream fishes.
  • Effects of Climate Change on Invasive Species 4

    Effects of Climate Change on Invasive Species 4

    This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. The findings and conclusions in this publication are those of the authors and should not be construed to represent any official USDA or U.S. Government determination or policy. Effects of Climate Change on Invasive Species 4 Deborah M. Finch, Jack L. Butler, Justin B. Runyon, Christopher J. Fettig, Francis F. Kilkenny, Shibu Jose, Susan J. Frankel, Samuel A. Cushman, Richard C. Cobb, Jefrey S. Dukes, Jefrey A. Hicke, and Sybill K. Amelon over the next century combined with reductions in summer 4.1 Introduction precipitation in certain areas (Walsh et al. 2014). These changes will affect invasive species in several ways. Mean surface temperatures have increased globally by Furthermore, climate change may challenge the way we per- ~0.7 °C per century since 1900 and 0.16 °C per decade since ceive and consider nonnative invasive species, as impacts to 1970 (Levinson and Fettig 2014). Most of this warming is some will change and others will remain unaffected; other believed to result from increases in atmospheric concentra- nonnative species are likely to become invasive; and native tions of greenhouse gases produced by human activity. species are likely to shift their geographic ranges into novel Temperature increases have been greater in winter than in habitats. summer, and there is a tendency for these increases to be The ability to predict accurately how invasive species dis- manifested mainly by changes in minimum (nighttime low) tributions and their impacts will change under projected cli- temperatures (Kukla and Karl 1993).
  • Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

    Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

    Biotic and Abiotic Stresses Plants relentlessly encounter a wide range of environmental stresses which limits the agricultural productivity. The environmental stresses conferred to plants can be categorized as 1) Abiotic stress 2) Biotic stress Abiotic stresses include salinity, drought, flood, extremes in temperature, heavy metals, radiation etc. It is a foremost factor that causes the loss of major crop plants worldwide. This situation is going to be more rigorous due to increasing desertification of world’s terrestrial area, increasing salinization of soil and water, shortage of water resources and environmental pollution. Biotic stress includes attack by various pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, nematodes and herbivores. Diseases caused by these pathogens accounts for major yield loss worldwide. Being sessile plants have no choice to escape from these environmental cues. Expertise in tolerating these stresses is crucial for completing the lifecycle successfully. Therefore, to combat these threats plants have developed various mechanisms for getting adapted to such conditions for survival. They sense the external stress environment, get stimulated and then generate appropriate cellular responses. These cellular responses work by relaying the stimuli from sensors, located on the cell surface or cytoplasm to the transcriptional machinery which is situated in the nucleus, with the help of various signal transduction pathways. This leads to differential transcriptional changes making the plant tolerant against the stress. The signaling pathways play an indispensable role and acts as a connecting link between sensing the stress environment and generating an appropriate physiological and biochemi cal response (Zhu 2002). Recent studies using genomics and proteomics approach . Stresses Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of potential microbial pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, nematodes and herbivores.
  • Thermal Stress and Predation Risk Trigger Distinct Transcriptomic Responses in the Intertidal Snail Nucella Lapillus

    Thermal Stress and Predation Risk Trigger Distinct Transcriptomic Responses in the Intertidal Snail Nucella Lapillus

    San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences Biological Sciences December 2014 Thermal Stress and Predation Risk Trigger Distinct Transcriptomic Responses in the Intertidal Snail Nucella lapillus Nathaniel D. Chu Northeastern University Luke P. Miller Northeastern University, [email protected] Stefan T. Kaluziak Northeastern University Geoffrey C. Trussell Northeastern University Steven V. Vollmer Northeastern University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/biol_pub Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Nathaniel D. Chu, Luke P. Miller, Stefan T. Kaluziak, Geoffrey C. Trussell, and Steven V. Vollmer. "Thermal Stress and Predation Risk Trigger Distinct Transcriptomic Responses in the Intertidal Snail Nucella lapillus" Molecular Ecology (2014): 6104-6113. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 2 Thermal stress and predation risk trigger distinct transcriptomic responses in the intertidal snail 3 Nucella lapillus 4 5 6 Nathaniel D. Chu1, 3*, Luke P. Miller1, 2, Stefan T. Kaluziak1, Geoffrey C. Trussell1, and Steven 7 V. Vollmer1 8 9 1: Northeastern University, Marine Science Center, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, MA 01908, USA 10 2: Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA 11 3: Current address: Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 12 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA 13 14 Keywords: thermal stress, nonconsumptive effects, Nucella lapillus, predation risk, RNA-seq, 15 transcriptomics 16 17 * Corresponding author: Nathaniel D.
  • Ecological Fitting As a Determinant of the Community Structure of Platyhelminth Parasites of Anurans

    Ecological Fitting As a Determinant of the Community Structure of Platyhelminth Parasites of Anurans

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 7-2006 Ecological Fitting as a Determinant of the Community Structure of Platyhelminth Parasites of Anurans Daniel R. Brooks University of Toronto, [email protected] Virginia León-Règagnon Nacional Autónoma de México Deborah A. McLennan University of Toronto Derek Zelmer Emporia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Brooks, Daniel R.; León-Règagnon, Virginia; McLennan, Deborah A.; and Zelmer, Derek, "Ecological Fitting as a Determinant of the Community Structure of Platyhelminth Parasites of Anurans" (2006). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 269. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/269 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Ecology, 87(7) Supplement, 2006, pp. S76-S85 ? 2006 by the Ecological Society of America ECOLOGICAL FITTING AS A DETERMINANT OF THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PLATYHELMINTH PARASITES OF ANURANS and Daniel R. Brooks,1'5 Virginia Le?n-Regagnon,2 Deborah A. McLennan,3 Derek Zelmer4 1Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5 Canada 2Laboratorio de Helmintolog?a, Instituto de Biolog?a, Universidad Nacional Aut?noma de M?xico, C. P. 04510, D. F. M?xico, M?xico of Zoology, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G5 Canada * 3'Department Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, Emporia, Kansas 66801 USA are Abstract.
  • Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Glaphyriinae) SHILAP Revista De Lepidopterología, Vol

    Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Glaphyriinae) SHILAP Revista De Lepidopterología, Vol

    SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 ISSN: 2340-4078 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Kızıldag, S. The first DNA barcoding records of three Evergestis Hübner, [1825] species in Turkey with molecular evaluations (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Glaphyriinae) SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología, vol. 48, no. 190, 2020, -July, pp. 289-297 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45563484011 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative SHILAP Revta. lepid., 48 (190) junio 2020: 289-297 eISSN: 2340-4078 ISSN: 0300-5267 The first DNA barcoding records of three Evergestis Hübner, [1825] species in Turkey with molecular evaluations (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Glaphyriinae) S. Kızıldag˘ Abstract Turkish populations of Evergestis nomadalis Lederer, 1870, Evergestis boursini Amsel, 1939, and Evergestis pazukii Alipanah, 2018 were barcoded and presented detailed morphologies for the first time herein. Species delimination of the Evergestis Hübner, [1825] populations were evaluated based on the mitochondrial sitochrom oxidase I subunit gene. In the consensus tree, which was constructed using the neighbor joining, Bayesian inference, and maximum likelihood algorithms, the molecular relationships
  • Understanding Host-Switching by Ecological Fitting Sabrina B

    Understanding Host-Switching by Ecological Fitting Sabrina B

    Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Biology Publications Dept. of Biology 2015 Understanding Host-Switching by Ecological Fitting Sabrina B. L. Araujo Universidade Federal do Paraná Mariana Pires Braga Universidade Federal do Paraná Daniel R. Brooks Universidade Federal do Paraná See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/biol_pubs Part of the Biology Commons This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The orkw is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication Downloaded from http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/biol_pubs/26 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Dept. of Biology at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology Publications by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Sabrina B. L. Araujo, Mariana Pires Braga, Daniel R. Brooks, Salvatore J. Agosta, Eric P. Hoberg, Francisco W. von Hartenthal, and Walter A. Boeger This article is available at VCU Scholars Compass: http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/biol_pubs/26 RESEARCH ARTICLE Understanding Host-Switching by Ecological Fitting Sabrina B. L. Araujo1,2, Mariana Pires Braga1, Daniel R. Brooks1, Salvatore J. Agosta3, Eric P. Hoberg4, Francisco W. von Hartenthal5, Walter A. Boeger1* 1 Laboratório de Ecologia Molecular e Parasitologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19073, Curitiba, PR 81531–980, Brazil, 2 Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19044, Curitiba, PR 81531–980, Brazil, 3 Center for Environmental Studies and Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America, 4 US National Parasite Collection, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, BARC East No.
  • Light, Stress and Herbivory from Photoprotection to Trophic Interactions Using Arabidopsis Thaliana As a Model Organism

    Light, Stress and Herbivory from Photoprotection to Trophic Interactions Using Arabidopsis Thaliana As a Model Organism

    Light, stress and herbivory from photoprotection to trophic interactions using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model organism Av Martin Frenkel Akademisk avhandling som med vederbörligt tillstånd av Rektorsämbetet vid Umeå universitet för avläggande av doktorsexamen i filosofi doktorsexamen i ekologi kommer att offentligen försvaras i lilla hörsalen, KBC-huset, Umeå universitet. Onsdagen den 4 juni 2008, kl. 10.00. Avhandlingen kommer att försvaras på engelska. Examinator: Prof. Lars Ericson, Umeå universitet. Fakultetsopponent: Dr. Don Cipollini, Wright State University, USA Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umeå University 901 87 Umeå Sweden Organisation Document name Umeå University Doctoral Dissertation Department of Ecology and Date of issue Environmental Science 2008-05-14 SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden Author Martin Frenkel Title Light, stress and herbivory – from photoprotection to trophic interactions using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model organism Abstract Photosynthesis is the most important process for nearly all life on earth. Photosynthetic organisms capture and transfer light energy from the sun into chemical energy which in turn provides a resource base for heterotrophic organisms. Natural light regimes are irregular and vary over magnitudes. At a certain light intensity, metabolic processes cannot keep up with the electron flow produced by the primary photoreactions, and thus reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced. ROS are highly reactive and can damage the photosynthesis apparatus and hence plants have evolved several photoprotection mechanisms to avoid the formation of ROS. The aim of this thesis was to examine the ecological effects of variations in photoprotection in plants. In particular I wanted to study the effect on fitness and the interaction with herbivorous insects of plants with different ability in photoprotection.
  • Use of Floral Nectar in Heliconia Stilesii Daniels by Three Species of Hermit Hummingbirds

    Use of Floral Nectar in Heliconia Stilesii Daniels by Three Species of Hermit Hummingbirds

    The Condor89~779-787 0 The Cooper OrnithologicalSociety 1987 ECOLOGICAL FITTING: USE OF FLORAL NECTAR IN HELICONIA STILESII DANIELS BY THREE SPECIES OF HERMIT HUMMINGBIRDS FRANK B. GILL The Academyof Natural Sciences,Philadelphia, PA 19103 Abstract. Three speciesof hermit hummingbirds-a specialist(Eutoxeres aquikz), a gen- eralist (Phaethornissuperciliosus), and a thief (Threnetesruckerz]-visited the nectar-rich flowers of Heliconia stilesii Daniels at a lowland study site on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica. Unlike H. pogonanthaCufodontis, a related Caribbean lowland specieswith a less specialized flower, H. stilesii may not realize its full reproductive potential at this site, becauseit cannot retain the services of alternative pollinators such as Phaethornis.The flowers of H. stilesii appear adapted for pollination by Eutoxeres, but this hummingbird rarely visited them at this site. Lek male Phaethornisvisited the flowers frequently in late May and early June, but then abandonedthis nectar sourcein favor of other flowers offering more accessiblenectar. The strong curvature of the perianth prevents accessby Phaethornis to the main nectar chamber; instead they obtain only small amounts of nectar that leaks anteriorly into the belly of the flower. Key words: Hummingbird; pollination; mutualism;foraging; Heliconia stilesii; nectar. INTRODUCTION Ultimately affectedare the hummingbird’s choice Species that expand their distribution following of flowers and patterns of competition among speciationenter novel ecologicalassociations un- hummingbird species for nectar (Stiles 1975, related to previous evolutionary history and face 1978; Wolf et al. 1976; Feinsinger 1978; Gill the challenges of adjustment to new settings, 1978). Use of specificHeliconia flowers as sources called “ecological fitting” (Janzen 1985a). In the of nectar by particular species of hermit hum- case of mutualistic species, such as plants and mingbirds, however, varies seasonally and geo- their pollinators, new ecological settingsmay in- graphically (Stiles 1975).