Setting up Your New Windows 10 PC
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Setting Up Your New Windows 10 PC Class Description A session explaining how to configure a new Windows 10 computer (laptop, desktop, or Surface). Class Length One to one and one‐half (1‐1½) hours Introduction So you just bought a brand‐new Windows 10 computer — now what? We'll walk you through the setup: configuring Windows settings, removing seller‐added 'bloatware' (aka ‘crapware’1), and installing your own apps. Spending a little time setting up your computer properly, rather than diving straight in with default settings and unwanted extras, will make your PC run noticeably faster, protect your privacy, and keep your data more secure. Objectives Set up Windows 10 Uninstall software Install software Set Windows 10 settings to a personally comfortable privacy level This is a handout for you to keep. Please feel free to use it for taking notes. 1 Bob Rankin writes: “‘Crapware’ is a crude but apt term for unnecessary pre‐installed software loaded onto computers by hardware vendors. It may include trial versions of software that have limited functionality, unnecessary toolbars, dubious ‘shopping assistants’, and shareware utilities which duplicate functions already built into Windows.” http://askbobrankin.com/is_this_the_end_for_crapware.html It is the most frequently used term by computer techs. 1 * Windows 10 and Privacy There are two main statements from Microsoft which cover privacy issues: the Microsoft Services Agreement (https://www.microsoft.com/en‐us/servicesagreement/default.aspx) and the Microsoft Privacy Statement (https://privacy.microsoft.com/en‐us/privacystatement/). Microsoft claims these are ‘straightforward terms and policies that people can clearly understand’, but because there is so much text (45 pages by one estimate), most people won’t read them. Here are the main issues (from The Windows 10 privacy issues you should know about at http://thenextweb.com/microsoft/2015/07/29/wind‐nos/) Windows data syncing by default Sign into Windows with your Microsoft account and the operating system immediately syncs settings and data to the company’s servers. That includes your browser history, favorites and the websites you currently have open as well as saved app, website and mobile hotspot passwords and Wi‐Fi network names and passwords. Cortana slurps a LOT of data According to Microsoft: To enable Cortana to provide personalized experiences and relevant suggestions, Microsoft collects and uses various types of data, such as your device location, data from your calendar, the apps you use, data from your emails and text messages, who you call, your contacts and how often you interact with them on your device. Cortana also learns about you by collecting data about how you use your device and other Microsoft services, such as your music, alarm settings, whether the lock screen is on, what you view and purchase, your browse and Bing search history, and more. Lots of things can live in those two words ‘and more’. Also note that because Cortana analyzes speech data, Microsoft collects ‘your voice input, as well as your name and nickname, your recent calendar events and the names of people in your appointments, and information about your contacts including names and nicknames.’ Realistically, Cortana can’t work in the semi‐magical way it does without being able to gobble up all that information. But it’s worth being aware of just how wide‐ranging its access to your and your friends/contacts data is. Whatever happens, Microsoft knows what you’re doing… The updated terms also state that Microsoft will collect information “from you and your devices, including for example ‘app use data for apps that run on Windows’ and ‘data about the networks you connect to.'” Advertisers will know exactly who you are Windows 10 generates a unique advertising ID for each user on each device. That can be used by developers and ad networks to profile you. Your encryption key is backed up to OneDrive Not necessarily a bad thing but something you should be aware of. When device encryption is turned on, Windows 10 automatically encrypts the drive it is installed on and generates a BitLocker recovery key. That’s backed up to your OneDrive account. Microsoft can disclose your data when it feels like it This is the part you should be most concerned about: what the new privacy policy assigns to Microsoft is very loose when it comes to when it will or won’t access and disclose your personal data: 2 * We will access, disclose and preserve personal data, including your content (such as the content of your emails, other private communications or files in private folders), when we have a good faith belief that doing so is necessary to protect our customers or enforce the terms governing the use of the services. Windows 10 ‘Out of Box Experience’ The first time you turn on a new Windows 10 PC, Microsoft requires an OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) to have the ‘Out of Box Experience’. Here are some typical screens displayed during the ‘Out of Box Experience’. Depending on choices and changes by the OEM, the screens you see may vary. A typical first screen: If you want a time zone other than Pacific, change the time zone here. (It is a lot easier than doing it later.) Make any other desired changes, then click the Next button. The Here’s the legal stuff screen displays software licensing terms — which are subject to change. The most current version can be found here: https://www.microsoft.com/en‐ us/servicesagreement/default.aspx 3 * The Let’s get connected screen allows you to connect to a Wi‐Fi network. Tip: If you select ‘Skip this step’ (small print towards lower-left), it is easier to sign in with a local account (not registered with Microsoft). The Get going fast screen, where Microsoft really wants you to click on the Use Express settings button. If you don’t care about the amount of information Microsoft collects, click the Use Express settings button. If you intend to go through all the individual privacy settings, click the Use Express settings button. There is no point in spending extra time changing a few settings here — most privacy settings cannot be controlled in the setup process and some of the things that can be changed during the setup process may not go far enough (e.g. changing the option labelled ‘Send error and diagnostic information to Microsoft’ from the default ‘On’ to ‘Off’ only changes it from ‘Full’ to ‘Enhanced’; to change it to ‘Basic’ it is necessary to get into Windows settings). If you want to spend the least amount of time and/or only want to eliminate the most egregious privacy problems, find the link towards the lower‐left corner in small print Customize settings and click on it. 4 * If you use the Express settings, the next screen will typically be Make it yours (below). If you choose Customize settings, you will see screens similar to these: Most people will want this off Changing this to ‘off’ sets the amount of ‘device data’ (part of ‘Diagnostic and usage data’) sent to Microsoft from ‘Full’ to ‘Enhanced’. To change it to the lowest setting (‘Basic’) you need to use Windows settings. 5 * The Make it yours screen If you select the No account? Create one! link, Microsoft will be able to track you via that account as well as via Windows 10 settings. You can click on ‘Skip this step’ (small print!). If you choose to skip logging in with an e‐mail address, you will see a screen like the one below: This screen allows you to create a local account for the computer. NOTE: the initial account is always an administrator. 6 * Dealing with Pre-installed Software Once your Windows 10 computer is set up, you may find pre‐installed For years, ‘crapware’ was regarded as annoying: software (aka ‘bundled software’, ‘bloatware’, and ‘crapware’). Not it took up space on the hard drive and made all pre‐installed software is garbage; some are useful and make it the computer run more slowly but it was easier to operate the computer. generally seen as harmless. This changed with Lenovo’s addition of the ‘Superfish’ application which proved to be a major security risk (do an IMPORTANT: If you aren’t certain about whether pre‐ Internet search on Superfish Lenovo or just installed software is garbage, do not uninstall it. read this CNN story: http://money.cnn.com/2015/02/19/technology/ Pre‐installed software comes in two basic categories: Original security/lenovo-superfish/index.html ). Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) software and third‐party software. Third‐party pre‐installed software is almost always garbage. OEMs install these apps because they are paid by the app’s maker for every computer which ships with the app. It is advertising for the app’s maker targeted to what might be the most likely‐to‐purchase‐software audience and it adds income to the OEMs who have razor‐thin margins on computers. Some OEMs add very little pre‐installed software (after their debacle with ‘Superfish’, Lenovo pledged to eliminate it); others install a lot. If pre‐installed software is a ‘trial version’, it can be safely uninstalled. If pre‐installed software is available for download from the Internet, it can be safely uninstalled. But, if you want to use the software leave it be. Pre‐installed software from the OEM is more difficult to evaluate. If you are curious about the function/necessity of a pre‐installed app, do an Internet search. One site devoted to helping you decide whether software is necessary is http://www.shouldiremoveit.com – but there is no need to download their ‘Should I Remove It’ software (or other software promising to clean up your computer) which becomes one more piece of bloatware.