DOCSLIB.ORG

Safety Data Sheet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Safety Data Sheet SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. Identification Product identifier Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) Other means of identification SDS number 1PJ Materion Code 1PJ CAS number 17194-00-2 Synonyms Barium dihydroxide Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer Company name Materion Advanced Chemicals Inc. Address 407 N 13th Street 1316 W. St. Paul Avenue Milwaukee, WI 53233 United States Telephone 414.212.0257 E-mail [email protected] Contact person Noreen Atkinson Emergency phone number Chemtrec 800.424.9300 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Corrosive to metals Category 1 Health hazards Acute toxicity, oral Category 4 Acute toxicity, inhalation Category 4 Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1 Environmental hazards Not classified. OSHA defined hazards Not classified. Label elements Signal word Danger Hazard statement Harmful if swallowed. May be corrosive to metals. Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. Causes serious eye damage. May cause respiratory irritation. May cause damage to organs (). Precautionary statement Prevention Do not breathe dust. Keep only in original container. Do not breathe dust. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear eye protection/face protection. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. Material name: Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) SDS US 1PJ Version #: 02 Revision date: 01-11-2018 Issue date: 04-22-2014 1 / 9 Response If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. If on skin (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower. If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a poison center/doctor. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. Storage Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store locked up. Store in corrosive resistant container with a resistant inner liner. Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations. Hazard(s) not otherwise The Safety Information Sheet Chemicals of hazardous chemical can be obtained through phone, classified (HNOC) email or on the company website. Supplemental information None. 3. Composition/information on ingredients Substances Chemical name Common name and synonyms CAS number % BARIUM HYDROXIDE Barium dihydroxide 17194-00-2 90 - 100 *Designates that a specific chemical identity and/or percentage of composition has been withheld as a trade secret. 4. First-aid measures Inhalation Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Oxygen or artificial respiration if needed. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim inhaled the substance. Induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. Skin contact Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Wash the skin immediately with soap and water. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Chemical burns must be treated by a physician. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Wash clothing separately before reuse. Eye contact Do not rub eyes. Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Ingestion Call a physician or poison control center immediately. Rinse mouth thoroughly. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, keep head low so that stomach content doesn't get into the lungs. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested the substance. Induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Most important Corrosive effects. Burning pain and severe corrosive skin damage. Decrease in motor functions. symptoms/effects, acute and May cause temporary blindness and severe eye damage. Behavioral changes. Narcosis. Causes delayed serious eye damage. Symptoms may include stinging, tearing, redness, swelling, and blurred vision. Permanent eye damage including blindness could result. Indication of immediate medical Provide general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. Chemical burns: Flush with water attention and special treatment immediately. While flushing, remove clothes which do not adhere to affected area. Call an needed ambulance. Continue flushing during transport to hospital. Oxygen, if needed. Keep victim warm. Keep victim under observation. Symptoms may be delayed. General information In the case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. Keep victim under observation. Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Water fog. Foam. Dry chemical powder. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Unsuitable extinguishing media Do not use water jet as an extinguisher, as this will spread the fire. Material name: Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) SDS US 1PJ Version #: 02 Revision date: 01-11-2018 Issue date: 04-22-2014 2 / 9 Specific hazards arising from During fire, gases hazardous to health may be formed. the chemical Special protective equipment Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing must be worn in case of fire. and precautions for firefighters Fire fighting Use water spray to cool unopened containers. equipment/instructions Specific methods Use standard firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved materials. General fire hazards No unusual fire or explosion hazards noted. 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, protective Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Keep out of equipment and emergency low areas. Wear appropriate protective equipment and clothing during clean-up. Do not breathe procedures dust. Use a NIOSH/MSHA approved respirator if there is a risk of exposure to dust/fume at levels exceeding the exposure limits. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ensure adequate ventilation. Local authorities should be advised if significant spillages cannot be contained. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for Avoid dispersal of dust in the air (i.e., clearing dust surfaces with compressed air). Stop the flow of containment and cleaning up material, if this is without risk. Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. Absorb in vermiculite, dry sand or earth and place into containers. Collect dust using a vacuum cleaner equipped with HEPA filter. Large Spills: Wet down with water and dike for later disposal. Shovel the material into waste container. Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas. Following product recovery, flush area with water. Small Spills: Sweep up or vacuum up spillage and collect in suitable container for disposal. Wipe up with absorbent material (e.g. cloth, fleece). Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination. Never return spills to original containers for re-use. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not breathe dust. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Avoid prolonged exposure. Do not get this material on clothing. Do not taste or swallow. When using, do not eat, drink or smoke. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash thoroughly after handling. Observe good industrial hygiene practices. Conditions for safe storage, Store locked up. Store in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight. Store in corrosive resistant including any incompatibilities container with a resistant inner liner. Keep only in the original container. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Material Type Value BARIUM HYDROXIDE PEL 0.5 mg/m3 (CAS 17194-00-2) US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Material Type Value BARIUM HYDROXIDE TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (CAS 17194-00-2) Material name: Barium Hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) SDS US 1PJ Version #: 02 Revision date: 01-11-2018 Issue date: 04-22-2014 3 / 9 US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Material Type Value BARIUM HYDROXIDE TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (CAS 17194-00-2) US. California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Section 5155. Airborne Contaminants Material Type Value BARIUM HYDROXIDE PEL 0.5 mg/m3 (CAS 17194-00-2) Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s). Appropriate engineering controls Good general ventilation (typically
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cool Reaction the Endothermic Reaction Between SCIENTIFIC Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate
    Cool Reaction The Endothermic Reaction Between SCIENTIFIC Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Thiocyanate Introduction Many reactions produce heat, in fact when people think of chemical reactions, heat production is often expected. However, endothermic reactions, reactions which consume heat, can be just as exciting. One of the most striking examples of this is when the solids barium hydroxide and ammonium thiocyanate are mixed together in a beaker. Materials Ammonium thiocyanate, NH4SCN, 10 g Stirring rod Barium hydroxide octahydrate, Ba(OH)28H2O, 20 g Thermometer graduated to at least –30 °C Erlenmeyer flask, small, with stopper, or a 50-mL beaker Safety Precautions Barium salts are toxic by ingestion. Ammonium thiocyanate is also toxic by ingestion. Use caution when handling the beaker or flask. Use tongs if available. The temperatures involved are cold enough to freeze skin. Ammonia vapor is very irritating to eyes and the respiratory tract. Do not allow students to inhale this gas. Wear chemical splash goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, and a chemical-resistant apron. Please review current Material Safety Data Sheets for additional safety, handling, and disposal information. Procedure 1. Transfer 20 g of barium hydroxide and 10 g of ammonium thiocyanate to a flask and mix with a glass or plastic stirring rod. 2. In less than two minutes the solids become liquid. A thermometer placed in the mixture shows the temperature falling far below freezing. An ammonia odor is evident to all who are near the flask. 3. Place the flask in a small puddle of water and your students will clearly see just how cool this reaction is; the water will freeze the flask to the counter top.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing Total and Net Ionic Equations
    WRITING TOTAL AND NET IONIC EQUATIONS http://www.csun.edu/~hcchm001/FreshChemHandouts.html 1. Write the overall equation including the correct designations for the physical state of the substances (s, l, g, aq). Balance this equation. Most of these kinds of equations are double displacement reactions: AX + BY 6 AY + BX 2. For the total ionic equations, write strong electrolytes in solution in the form of aqueous ions. (a) Strong acids. The common strong acids and their aqueous ions are: HI Hydroiodic acid H+-(aq) + I (aq) HBr Hydrobromic acid H+-(aq) + Br (aq) HCl Hydrochloric acid H+-(aq) + Cl (aq) +- HNO33Nitric acid H (aq) + NO (aq) +- HClO44Perchloric acid H (aq) + ClO (aq) +-2 H24SO Sulfuric acid 2 H (aq) + SO4(aq) (b) Strong bases. Strong bases are the hydroxides of the alkali (Group IA) and alkaline earth (Group IIA) metals ions which are sufficiently soluble. The common strong bases and their aqueous ions are: LiOH Lithium hydroxide Li+-(aq) + OH (aq) NaOH Sodium hydroxide Na+-(aq) + OH (aq) KOH Potassium hydroxide K+-(aq) + OH (aq) +2 - Sr(OH)2Strontium hydroxide Sr (aq) + 2 OH (aq) +2 - Ba(OH)2 Barium hydroxide Ba (aq) + 2 OH (aq) (c) Soluble salts. Determinations of the solubility of a salt may be made by reference to SOLUBILITIES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS. Soluble salts are written as their aqueous ions: NaCl(aq) Sodium chloride Na+-(aq) + Cl (aq) +-2 K24SO (aq) Potassium sulfate 2 K (aq) + SO4(aq) +-2 Li23CO (aq) Lithium carbonate 2 Li (aq) + CO3(aq) +-3 Na34PO (aq) Sodium phosphate 3 Na (aq) + PO4(aq) +-2 (NH42) SO4(aq) Ammonium sulfate 2 NH4(aq) + SO4 (aq) 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Acetal (POM) Chemical Compatibility Chart From
    ver 31-Mar-2020 Acetal (POM) Chemical Compatibility Chart Chemical Chemical Acetaldehyde A Ammonium Acetate C Acetamide A Ammonium Bifluoride D Acetate Solvents A Ammonium Carbonate D Acetic Acid D Ammonium Caseinate D Acetic Acid, 20% C Ammonium Chloride, 10% B Acetic Acid, 80% D Ammonium Hydroxide D Acetic Acid, Glacial D Ammonium Nitrate, 10% A Acetic Anhydride D Ammonium Oxalate B Acetone A Ammonium Persulfate D Acetyl Chloride, dry D Ammonium Phosphate, Dibasic B Acetylene A Ammonium Phosphate, Monobasic B Alcohols: Amyl A Ammonium Phosphate, Tribasic B Alcohols: Benzyl A Ammonium Sulfate B Alcohols: Butyl A Ammonium Sulfite D Alcohols: Diacetone A Ammonium Thiosulfate B Alcohols: Ethyl A Amyl Acetate B Alcohols: Hexyl A Amyl Alcohol A Alcohols: Isobutyl A Amyl Chloride A Alcohols: Isopropyl A Aniline A Alcohols: Methyl A Aniline Oil D Alcohols: Octyl A Anise Oil D Alcohols: Propyl (1-Propanol) A Antifreeze D Aluminum chloride, 20% C Aqua Regia (80% HCl, 20% HNO3) D Aluminum Fluoride C Aromatic Hydrocarbons A Aluminum Hydroxide A Arsenic Acid D Aluminum Nitrate B Asphalt B Aluminum Potassium Sulfate, 10% C Barium Carbonate A Aluminum Potassium Sulfate, 100% C Barium Chloride A Aluminum Sulfate, 10% B Barium Cyanide B Alums C Barium Hydroxide D Amines D Barium Nitrate B Ammonia, 10% (Ammonium Hydroxide) C Barium Sulfate B Ammonia, 10% D Barium Sulfide A Ammonia, anhydrous D Bay Oil D Ammonia, liquid D Beer A Ammonia Nitrate C Beet Sugar Liquids B Key to General Chemical Resistance – All data is based on ambient or room temperature conditions, about 64°F (18°C) to 73°F (23°C) A = Excellent C = Fair - Moderate Effect, not recommended B= Good - Minor Effect, slight corrosion or discoloration D = Severe Effect, not recommended for ANY use It is the sole responsibility of the system designer and user to select products suitable for their specific application requirements and to ensure proper installation, operation, and maintenance of these products.
    [Show full text]
  • Mccord (Pmccord) – HW6 Acids, Bases and Salts – Mccord – (51520) 1 This Print-Out Should Have 45 Questions
    mccord (pmccord) – HW6 Acids, Bases and Salts – mccord – (51520) 1 This print-out should have 45 questions. 6. The term is misleading, because the am- Multiple-choice questions may continue on monium ion is not an acid. the next column or page – find all choices Explanation: before answering. 003 10.0 points 001 10.0 points −9 If the value of Kb for pyridine is 1.8 × 10 , Assume that five weak acids, identified only calculate the equilibrium constant for by numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5), have the + C5H5NH (aq)+ H2O(ℓ) → following ionization constants. + C5H5N(aq) + H3O (aq) . − Ionization 1. 5.6 × 10 6 correct Acid Constant − Ka value 2. 1.8 × 10 9 − 1 1.0 × 10 3 − × −16 2 3.0 × 10 5 3. 1.8 10 − 3 2.6 × 10 7 − × 8 4 4.0 × 10 9 4. 5.6 10 −11 5 7.3 × 10 − 5. −1.8 × 10 9 The anion of which acid is the strongest Explanation: base? 004 10.0 points 1. 4 Which of the following is true in pure water at any temperature? 2. 5 correct 1. Kw decreases with increasing tempera- 3. 2 ture. + − −14 4. 3 2. [H3O ][OH ] = 1.0 × 10 + − 5. 1 3. [H3O ] = [OH ] correct Explanation: 4. pH = 7.0 or greater than 7.0 002 10.0 points 5. pH = 7.0 The term “Ka for the ammonium ion” de- scribes the equilibrium constant for which of Explanation: the following reactions? Kw is shown to INCREASE with increas- ing temperature. pH = 7 is only true when + ⇀ + ◦ + − 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Step-By-Step Guide to Better Laboratory Management Practices
    Step-by-Step Guide to Better Laboratory Management Practices Prepared by The Washington State Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program Publication No. 97- 431 Revised January 2003 Printed on recycled paper For additional copies of this document, contact: Department of Ecology Publications Distribution Center PO Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 (360) 407-7472 or 1 (800) 633-7585 or contact your regional office: Department of Ecology’s Regional Offices (425) 649-7000 (509) 575-2490 (509) 329-3400 (360) 407-6300 The Department of Ecology is an equal opportunity agency and does not discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, disability, age, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, disabled veteran’s status, Vietnam Era veteran’s status or sexual orientation. If you have special accommodation needs, or require this document in an alternate format, contact the Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program at (360)407-6700 (voice) or 711 or (800) 833-6388 (TTY). Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................iii Section 1 Laboratory Hazardous Waste Management ...........................................................1 Designating Dangerous Waste................................................................................................1 Counting Wastes .......................................................................................................................8 Treatment by Generator...........................................................................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • Toxicological Profile for Barium and Barium Compounds
    TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry August 2007 BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS ii DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS iii UPDATE STATEMENT A Toxicological Profile for Barium and Barium Compounds, Draft for Public Comment was released in September 2005. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile. Toxicological profiles are revised and republished as necessary. For information regarding the update status of previously released profiles, contact ATSDR at: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine/Applied Toxicology Branch 1600 Clifton Road NE Mailstop F-32 Atlanta, Georgia 30333 BARIUM AND BARIUM COMPOUNDS iv This page is intentionally blank. v FOREWORD This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described therein. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. The profile is not intended to be an exhaustive document; however, more comprehensive sources of specialty information are referenced.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Data Sheet
    SAFETY DATA SHEET Creation Date 26-Sep-2009 Revision Date 10-Feb-2021 Revision Number 2 SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING 1.1. Product identifier Product Description: Barium hydroxide, anhydrous Cat No. : 12195 CAS-No 17194-00-2 EC-No. 241-234-5 Molecular Formula BaH2O2 Reach Registration Number - 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against No Information available 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company Alfa Aesar . Avocado Research Chemicals, Ltd. Shore Road Port of Heysham Industrial Park Heysham, Lancashire LA3 2XY United Kingdom Office Tel: +44 (0) 1524 850506 Office Fax: +44 (0) 1524 850608 E-mail address [email protected] www.alfa.com Product Safety Department 1.4. Emergency telephone number Call Carechem 24 at +44 (0) 1865 407333 (English only); +44 (0) 1235 239670 (Multi-language) SECTION 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture CLP Classification - Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Physical hazards Based on available data, the classification criteria are not met Health hazards ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ALFAA12195 Page 1 / 11 SAFETY DATA SHEET Barium hydroxide, anhydrous Revision Date 10-Feb-2021 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Acute oral toxicity Category 4 (H302) Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Dusts and Mists
    [Show full text]
  • Lab #9: Respiration
    BIOL 442 – Plant Physiology Lab #9: Respiration Report due: 30 Nov 2019 Germinating seeds are not yet able to acquire the energy they need through photosynthesis, and so they depend largely upon respiration for their early development. Germination and establishment are very important parts of a plant's life cycle through which numerous individuals do not survive. Therefore, measuring respiration rate of this stage under different environmental conditions will supply us with a greater understanding of these critical developmental stages. In the first experiment of this exercise, we will measure the respiration rate of germinating seeds at four different temperatures comparing them to controls which do not contain seeds. In the second experiment, you will stain seeds that have been germinated at three different temperatures with a compound that will become colored in actively respiring cells. These results will be used to assess the effects of temperature on respiration for developing seedlings. Objectives: Measure the respiration rate of seeds at different temperatures of seeds (seeds were germinated at room temperature). Observe respiration activity (by color changes in a dye indicating respiratory enzyme activity) for seeds germinated at three different temperatures. Materials: 0.1 M Ba(OH)2 solution -- Be careful. As a strong base, it is TOXIC. 1 M HCl 1 % phenolphthalein cheesecloth string 1 % Tetrazolium Because of time constraints, each group of students will split into two sub-groups: one sub-group will perform Experiment 1, and one sub-group will perform Experiment 2, the tetrazolium experiment. If either sub-group of your group finishes before the others, they are expected to help with the other parts of these experiments.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Resistance Chart and Identify Potential Tube Materials: for Intermittent Contact Or Transfer Service, Make Note of All Tube Materials
    ® 39496-000 January 1, 2003 Industrial Hose Supersedes 39496-000 Products/List Prices June 3, 2002 Chemical Resistance Table The Chemical Resistance Table was compiled for use as a guide in selecting the most satisfactory hose tube and cover stocks for specific chemical applications. The data included are the best available to us at this time and will be revised as additional test information is obtained. It is always advisable to test rubber stocks under actual application conditions whenever possible. We recognize that much of the material contained in this resistance table must be, to a degree, general in nature. Factors such as method of compounding, temperature, chemical concentrations, conditions of exposure, etc., can appreciably affect polymer behavior. For certain applications, hoses designed for these applications must be used; therefore, the choice of tube stocks is restricted. These applications are: Steam — Hose from the Steam Hose line Edible Products — FDA, 3A, USDA Concentrated Chemicals — Hose from the Acid-Chemical Hose line L.P Gas — LP Gas Hose only Gasoline and Petroleum Products — Hoses from the Petroleum Transfer Hose line Hydraulic — Hoses from Hydraulic Products Catalog The nature of certain chemicals is such that Gates cannot offer a suitable hose to handle them. Many of the common chemicals are included in the Chemical Resistance Table. If they are not listed, please contact Hose/Connectors Product Application, Denver. NOTE: Before using a Gates hose to convey a chemical not listed in this Chemical Resistance Table, contact Denver Product Application for a recommendation. Phone (303) 744-5070. Hose Selection Procedure: 1. Identify the… 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Improved Characteristics in Sulfate Soils Treated with Barium Compounds Before Lime Stabilization
    TRANSPORTA T/ON RESEARCH RECORD 1295 45 Improved Characteristics in Sulfate Soils Treated with Barium Compounds Before Lime Stabilization G. A. FERRIS, J. L. EADES, R. E. GRAVES, AND G. H. McCLELLAN [email protected]&ssabili1aQi;witaflaltti11rmbi dt&lliil Tua~s.odiWllisuliat<t:andi<0iliwm-suLfate.~msum.), ha.1,1~dif.- - - - islfleul,l.il i::ll:nl snlidD"'Jti:w 1llD el Slllllar.s to resuft from reactions of sofubfe suffates, calcium hydroxide, in a soil plays an active role in the degree to which ettringite and free aluminum in the soil or groundwater, or both, to will form. Gypsum is approximately 100 times less soluble form ettringite (3 CaO·Al20 3·3CaS04·32H20), a highly water­ expansive mineral. Laboratory testing, using the California bear­ than other sulfate minerals normally found in soils (5) . Cal­ ing ratio (CBR) method, has indicated increased bearing strength cium and sodium sulfate commonly form evaporite minerals values and decreased swell when barium hydroxide or barium in arid to semiarid regions, because of little or no leaching, chloride was added to sulfate-rich soils before lime application. crystallizing when their concentrations exceed their solubility A California soil containing sodium sulfate had increased strength limits. Gypsum is the most common sulfate mineral found in values when either barium compound was used with lime as com­ soils because of its relatively low solubility. pared with specimens with lime only. A barium hydroxide treat­ ment followed by lime application to a Texas soil containing The percentage and type of clay minerals present in a soil sodium sulfate was successful, showing increased CBR values and generally dictate the amount of lime required for stabilization.
    [Show full text]
  • Barium Hydroxide Octahydrate
    Safety data sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH), amended by 2015/830/EU Barium hydroxide octahydrate ≥ 98%, p.a., ISO article number: P009 date of compilation: 2016-12-07 Version: 2.0 en Revision: 2020-03-13 Replaces version of: 2016-12-07 Version: (1) SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/ undertaking 1.1 Product identifier Identification of the substance Barium hydroxide octahydrate Article number P009 Registration number (REACH) 01-2119495571-31-xxxx Index No 056-002-00-7 EC number 241-234-5 CAS number 12230-71-6 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses: laboratory chemical laboratory and analytical use 1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Carl Roth GmbH + Co KG Schoemperlenstr. 3-5 D-76185 Karlsruhe Germany Telephone: +49 (0) 721 - 56 06 0 Telefax: +49 (0) 721 - 56 06 149 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.carlroth.de Competent person responsible for the safety data : Department Health, Safety and Environment sheet: e-mail (competent person): [email protected] 1.4 Emergency telephone number Name Street Postal code/city Telephone Website National Poisons In- Dudley Rd B187QH Birmingham 844 892 0111 formation Service City Hospital Emergency information service +49/(0)89 19240 SECTION 2: Hazards identification 2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) United Kingdom (en) Page 1 / 15 Safety data sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH), amended by 2015/830/EU Barium hydroxide octahydrate ≥ 98%, p.a., ISO article number: P009 Classification acc.
    [Show full text]
  • Ketonization of Carboxylic Acids by Decarboxylation: Mechanism and Scope
    MICROREVIEW Ketonization of Carboxylic Acids by Decarboxylation: Mechanism and Scope Michael Renz*[a] Keywords: Carboxylic acids / Catalysis / Decarboxylation / Ketones In the ketonic decarboxylation process, a ketone is formed processes are reviewed for the syntheses of the following from two moles of carboxylic acid; water and carbon dioxide ketones: symmetrical ketones, such as acetone or 3-penta- are produced as side-products. At present, the mechanism of none, cyclic ketones, such as cyclopentanone (parent com- this reaction remains under debate; it has been proposed as pound and substituted derivatives), fatty ketones, and some a radical mechanism, a mechanism involving a β-keto acid unsymmetrical ketones. as intermediate, or a concerted mechanism. This paper dem- onstrates that the latter mechanism is the most likely one and (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, that weak bases may play the role of promoters. Different Germany, 2005) Introduction As a result, this reaction is an interesting one for poten- tial industrial applications, even though it is one of the old- The ketonization of carboxylic acids by decarboxylation, est reactions known in organic chemistry. The dry distil- also called ketonic decarboxylation, is useful synthetically lation of calcium acetate to yield acetone was reported as for the production of symmetrical ketones such as acetone, early as 1858[1] [Equation (2)]; until World War I, this reac- 3-pentanone, cyclopentanone, and fatty ketones. When tion was employed for the commercial manufacture of ace- starting with two different carboxylic acids, the process tone.[2] leads to a mixture of three products, namely the two corre- sponding symmetrical ketones together with the “mixed” ketone.
    [Show full text]