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Country of Origin Information Report Iran March 2009
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT IRAN 17 MARCH 2009 IRAQ 31 OCTOBER 2006 UK Border Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE ii The main text of this COI Report contains the most up to date publicly available information as at 1 February 2009. Further brief information on recent events and reports has been provided in the Latest News section to 16 March 2009. 17 MARCH 2009 IRAN Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN, FROM 2 FEBRUARY 2009 TO 16 MARCH 2009 REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 2 FEBRUARY 2009 TO 16 MARCH 2009 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY .............................................................................................1.01 Maps..............................................................................................1.03 Iran............................................................................................1.03 Tehran.......................................................................................1.04 2. ECONOMY ...............................................................................................2.01 Sanctions......................................................................................2.13 3. HISTORY ..................................................................................................3.01 Calendar.......................................................................................3.02 Pre 1979........................................................................................3.03 1979 to 1999.................................................................................3.05 -
The Women's Movement Haleh Esfandiari • Since the 1979 Revolution, Women Have Struggled to Regain Lost Rights and Win a Larg
The Women’s Movement Haleh Esfandiari • Since the 1979 revolution, women have struggled to regain lost rights and win a larger role in society, despite a regime unfriendly to women’s issues. • The theocracy’s suspension of the Family Protection Law enacted under the monarchy once again put women at the mercy of men in the family. • Women fared modestly in politics. They won positions in parliament, city councils, cabinet and other decision-making jobs, but in small numbers. • But women made significant gains in education, particularly after obstacles to certain specialized fields were removed. • After initially pushing for rapid population growth, the government launched a highly successful family planning program. Iran’s birth rate went from one of the highest to one of the lowest in the region. Overview Iranian women made considerable progress during the Pahlavi era (1925-1979). Education for both girls and boys was free. When Tehran University opened in 1936, Iran’s first university admitted both men and women. In 1963, women acquired the right to vote and run for parliament. Under the Family Protection Law, women won the right to petition for divorce and gain child custody. A husband could no longer unilaterally divorce his wife or automatically gain custody of the children. The marriage age for girls was raised from 13 to 18. And men needed the court’s permission to take a second wife. By 1978, on the eve of Iran’s revolution, 22 women sat in parliament and 333 women served on elected local councils. One-third of university students were female. -
Country of Origin Information Report Iran January 2008
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT IRAN 31 JANUARY 2008 Border & Immigration Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE IRAN 31 JANUARY 2008 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN, FROM 20 JANUARY 2008 TO 31 JANUARY 2008 REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 20 JANUARY 2008 AND 31 JANUARY 2008 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.03 2. ECONOMY ............................................................................................ 2.01 Sanctions ...................................................................................... 2.15 3. HISTORY ............................................................................................... 3.01 Pre 1979......................................................................................... 3.02 1979 to 1999 .................................................................................. 3.04 2000 to date................................................................................... 3.14 Student unrest .............................................................................. 3.20 Parliamentary elections – February 2004................................... 3.35 Presidential elections – June 2005 ............................................. 3.39 Elections – 2006 ........................................................................... 3.44 4. RECENT -
Country of Origin Information Report Iran
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT IRAN 27 OCTOBER 2006 RDS-IND COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE IRAN 27 OCTOBER 2006 Contents PREFACE Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN, FROM 1 OCTOBER TO 27 OCTOBER 2006 REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 1 OCTOBER 2006 AND 27 OCTOBER 2006 Paragraphs Background Information GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.03 ECONOMY ................................................................................................. 2.01 Sanctions……………………………………………………………….2.13 HISTORY ................................................................................................... 3.01 Pre 1979………………………………………………………………. .3.02 1979 to 1999……………………………………………………………3.04 2000 to date…………………………………………………………….3.14 Student unrest………………………………………………………...3.20 Parliamentary elections – February 2004…………………….......3.30 Presidential elections – June 2005………………………………...3.34 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ........................................................................... 4.01 CONSTITUTION .......................................................................................... 5.01 POLITICAL SYSTEM.................................................................................... 6.01 Political parties………………………………………………………..6.04 Human Rights INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 7.01 SECURITY -
Iran August 2009
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT IRAN 6 AUGUST 2009 UK Border Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE 6 AUGUST 2009 IRAN Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN FROM 3 JULY TO 6 AUGUST 2009 REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 3 JULY AND 6 AUGUST 2009 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... 1.01 Maps .............................................................................................. 1.03 Iran............................................................................................. 1.03 Tehran ....................................................................................... 1.04 2. ECONOMY ............................................................................................. 2.01 3. HISTORY ............................................................................................... 3.01 Calendar ........................................................................................ 3.02 Pre 1979......................................................................................... 3.03 1979 to 1999 .................................................................................. 3.05 2000 to date................................................................................... 3.16 Student unrest .............................................................................. 3.25 Parliamentary elections – February 2004................................... 3.41 Presidential elections – June -
Introduction to the Conference
Introduction to the conference In spite of increasing demand in the health sector, this area faces a shortage of resources. On the other hand, the prerequisite for good management in these circumstances is the existence of an efficient and effective information system to provide reliable and quality information at the right time for managers. Today, many of the achievements of medical knowledge can be attributed to the analysis and data mining of data collected from disease registration systems and health outcomes. These systems provide better health care services for patients, help managers make decisions and plan and facilitate health research. Registry is a systematic collection of data from a specific disease (such as cancer, AIDS), exposure to substances or high-risk events (such as chemicals), or trauma and treatment (such as planting medical devices). Collected data, data collection methods, reports created and their use vary according to the type of registry. Registries may vary in terms of purpose, location, coverage level, and type of organization that creates it. Considering the importance of the issue, officials from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Medical Sciences Universities have already started planning for the development of a registry of diseases and health outcomes. Due to the width and complexity of the issues related to this area and the diversity of the registry plans, there are many unresolved problems and unanswered questions in this regard, which requires the wisdom and collaboration of experts and researchers who in this domain are clear sighted. On the other hand, given that the success of most registry programs depends on the coordinated action of the authorities and the integrity of the data collected, the introduction of programs and activities carried out or ongoing ones at home and abroad and the familiarity of the authorities with the plans Registration of these programs will be very valuable. -
Islamic Republic of Iran جمهوری اسلامی ايران
ناريا ﯼمالسا ﯼروﻩمج ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN Economic Conditions: Most economic activity in Iran is controlled by the government. Iran gains much of its economic stability from the export of oil. The rise of oil prices has benefited Iran by producing nearly 60 billion dollars in the past years. Unfortunately, Iran’s economy has suffered from a high unemployment and inflation. Iran’s GDP (gross domestic product) was estimated at $222,900 million USD in 2006. The unemployment rate was estimated at 15% which was rated the 47th worse rate in the world. The industrial production growth rate was estimated at 3.2%. Iran’s exports consist of petroleum, fruits, nuts and carpets. The imports consist of foods, consumer goods, and military supplies. The Iran rial is approximately 9,227.1 per 1 USD. Political Conditions: Iran is considered a theocratic republic, this means that the country is run by a religious power, in Iran’s case they are run by Ali Hoseini-Khamenei. He is the supreme leader and has been since June 4th 1989. Iran’s president is Mahmud AhmadiNejad who was elected on August 3rd 1995. Iran’s independence was proclaimed on April 1st 1979 and this day is known as Republic Day. Iran’s presidents are chosen using democratic means. The President chooses his Cabinet, and stays under a 4-year term. Iran has an Islamic Consultative Assembly which holds 290 seats. The political conditions consist of parties which are as follows: Conservatives (Islamists), Reformers, Independents, Religious Minorities. Social Conditions: Iran’s population was estimated at 65,397,521 in 2007. -
Iran May 2007
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT IRAN 4 MAY 2007 Border & Immigration Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE IRAN 4 MAY 2007 Contents PREFACE Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN, FROM 21 APRIL TO 04 MAY 2007 REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 21 APRIL 2007 AND 04 MAY 2007 Paragraphs Background Information GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 1.01 Map ................................................................................................ 1.03 ECONOMY ................................................................................................. 2.01 Sanctions……………………………………………………………….2.14 HISTORY ................................................................................................... 3.01 Pre 1979………………………………………………………………. .3.02 1979 to 1999……………………………………………………………3.04 2000 to date…………………………………………………………….3.14 Student unrest………………………………………………………...3.20 Parliamentary elections – February 2004…………………….......3.30 Presidential elections – June 2005………………………………...3.34 Elections – 2006….……………………………………………………3.39 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ........................................................................... 4.01 CONSTITUTION .......................................................................................... 5.01 POLITICAL SYSTEM.................................................................................... 6.01 Political parties………………………………………………………..6.04 Human Rights INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... -
The Women's Movement
The Women's Movement Haleh Esfandiari Since the 1979 revolution, women have struggled to regain lost rights and win a larger role in society, despite a regime unfriendly to women’s issues. The theocracy’s suspension of the Family Protection Law enacted under the monarchy once again put women at the mercy of men in the family. Women fared modestly in politics. They won positions in parliament, city councils, cabinet and other decision-making jobs, but in small numbers. But women made significant gains in education, particularly after obstacles to certain specialized fields were removed. After initially pushing for rapid population growth, the government launched a highly successful family planning program. Iran’s birth rate went from one of the highest to one of the lowest in the region. The budget for this program, however, was eliminated in 2012. President Hassan Rouhani’s first two years in office were a mixed bag for women. For example, Rouhani appointed four women as vice presidents and three women as governors but did not name women to his cabinet or revive the Ministry of Women's Affairs. Overview Iranian women made considerable progress during the Pahlavi era (1925- 1979). Education for both girls and boys was free. When Tehran University opened in 1936, Iran’s first university admitted both men and women. In 1963, women acquired the right to vote and run for parliament. Under the Family Protection Law, women won the right to petition for divorce and gain child custody. A husband could no longer unilaterally divorce his wife or automatically gain custody of the children. -
The Status &Progress of Women
The Status Progress of Women in the Middle& East North Africa & World Bank Middle East and North Africa Social and Economic Development Group The Status Progress of Women in the Middle& East North Africa & ©2007 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 5 09 08 07 06 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Recon- struction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorse- ment or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of appli- cable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750- 8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com.