Herpetology Notes, volume 12: 523-525 (2019) (published online on 25 May 2019)

New record of the endangered toad moratoi (Jim and Caramaschi, 1980) (Amphibia, Anura, ) from municipality of Campo Alegre de Goiás, state of Goiás, Brazil

Michel de Aguiar Passos1,* and Rafael Carlos Benetti Paredero2

Proceratophrys moratoi (Jim and Caramaschi, 1980) This location has suffered with strong anthropogenic is a small anuran (SVL up to 35 mm; Figure 1) that influence (e.g., urbanization and expansion of belongs to the Odontophrynidae family and an endemic agriculture), which culminated with the destruction of species of the Cerrado (tropical savanna) ecoregion important microhabitats and reproductive areas, causing (Martins and Jim, 2008; Valdujo et al., 2012; Frost, local extinctions (Brasileiro et al., 2008; Rolim et al., 2018). Currently, P. moratoi is classified as endangered 2017). Since then, there have not been reports of this in the Brazilian National List of Endangered Fauna species in the municipality of Botucatu (Brasileiro et Species (MMA carrier No. 444, 17 December 2014), al., 2008; Maffei et al., 2011). On the other hand, since “in danger” in the red list of the Brazilian 2008, new populations have been found, all restricted to (ICMBio/MMA, 2018) and “critically endangered” Cerrado in the states of São Paulo (SP), Minas Gerais in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (MG), and Goiás (GO) (Martins and Giaretta, 2012; and Natural Resources Red List (Cruz and Caramaschi, Arruda et al., 2017; Figure 2). In this work, we present 2004). a new population of P. moratoi in the state of Goiás This species was originally described as an (GO). Odontophrynus Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 “1861”. The new population of P. moratoi was found in 2016 Jim and Caramaschi (1980) noticed that the taxon has during a field survey in the municipality of Campo some morphological characters that resembled both Alegre de Goiás, state of Goiás, Brazil. The first Odontophrynus and Proceratophrys. Amaro et al. (2009) carried out a phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data and recovered the species deeply nested within Procerathrops. Consequently, the species was transferred to this genus as P. moratoi (Amaro et al., 2009). Until 2008, only two populations of P. moratoi were known, both restricted to the type locality (district of Rubião Jr., municipality of Botucatu, state of São Paulo).

1 ENGPACTO Soluções Ambientais, LTDA., CEP 13040-061, Francisco Bogon, 100, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 2 Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Biociências, Depto. De Zoologia. CEP 78060-900, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Figure 1. Proceratophrys moratoi from municipality of MT, Brazil. Campo Alegre de Goiás, state of Goiás, Brazil. Voucher male * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] ZUEC-AMP 23505. 524 Michel de Aguiar Passos & Rafael Carlos Benetti Paredero individuals were found (Figure 1) in November 2016, Brazil, which are characterized by lentic water bodies in a fragment of Cerrado on the border of the highway surrounded by Cerrado vegetation (Jim and Caramaschi, BR-050 (lat -17.553337º, lon -47.828499º; Datum 1980; Brasileiro et al., 2008; Carvalho Jr. et al., 2010; WGS84). The area is covered with Cerrado stricto Rolim et al., 2010; Maffei et al., 2011; Martins and sensu and comprises a gallery forest with a small stream Giaretta, 2012). Therefore, it is likely that the recent loss (approximately two meters wide) and a permanent of these environments in the municipality of Botucatu pond (approximately eight square meters) with riparian (SP) resulted in the local extinction of P. moratoi at the vegetation. Approximately 10 males were vocalizing on type locality (Brasileiro et al., 2008). the margins of the water bodies. Because the population is in a permanent protection On 11 February 2017, a new field work was conducted, area (APP), the microhabitats used by the new and we recorded the vocalization of P. moratoi, using population are reasonably preserved. Nonetheless, the digital recorder model Panasonic RR-US551. This the area is surrounded by plantations and is next to recording was archived in the Neotropical Sound the highway BR-050, which can bring conservation Library Jacques Vielliard (FNJV), at UNICAMP under problems for the population in future due to a possible the number FNJV 0033431. For accurate identification, duplication of the highway or a contamination by three specimens of P. moratoi were collected (Figure pesticides. Therefore, this area should be monitored 1; collection permit SISBIO/27745-13) and deposited at continuously in order to preserve this new population. the Museu de Zoologia “Adão José Cardoso” (ZUEC), So far, the population of P. moratoi from municipality Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), of Campo Alegre de Goiás (GO) is the furthest from under the number ZUEC-AMP 23505, ZUEC-AMP the type locality (approximately 500 Km in straight 23970–1. The microhabitats where P. moratoi was line from municipality of Botucatu, SP). This discovery found in the Campo Alegre de Goiás are similar to increases significantly the distribution of the species. those usually occupied by the species in Southeastern Until 2012, P. moratoi was considered endemic to the

Figure 2. Distribution of Proceratophrys moratoi in Brazil. Red star: type locality of P. moratoi (Rubião Jr., municipality of Botucatu, state of São Paulo); orange squares: known localities of P. moratoi from state of Minas Gerais; red dots: known localities of P. moratoi from state of São Paulo; circle blue: only known locality the P. moratoi in states of Goiás; blue triangle: New record of P. moratoi in the municipality of Campo Alegre de Goiás, state of Goiás, Brazil. New record of the endangered toad Proceratophrys moratoi from Brazil 525 state of São Paulo and the current red list of the Brazilian dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T57192A11585663. amphibians (SBH, 2018) still considers P. moratoi as en. endemic to the state of São Paulo. However, since 2008, Frost, D.R. (2018): Species of the World: an Online Reference, v. 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New several populations have been registered, being six in York, USA. Available at: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/ state of São Paulo, four in state Minas Gerais and two in amphibia/index.php. Accessed on 18 April 2018. state Goiás (Figure 2). Brasileiro et al. (2008) suggested Jim, J., Caramaschi, U. (1980): Uma nova espécie de Odontophrynus changing the category of P. moratoi in Brazilian red da região de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil (Amphibia, Anura). lists to “data deficient” if new populations were found. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 40: 357–360. We do not agree with Brasileiro et al. (2008), and ICMBio/MMA (2018): Livro Vermelho da Fauna Brasileira other authors such as Martins and Giaretta (2012) and Ameaçada de Extinção. Volume 5: 104–105. Maffei, F., Ubaid, F.K., Jim, J. (2011): Discovery of the fifth Arruda et al. (2017), and we believe that the category population of a threatened and endemic toad of the Brazilian of P. moratoi should be kept as “critically endangered”. Cerrado, Proceratophrys moratoi (Anura, Cycloramphidae). Arruda et al. (2017) evidenced little genetic divergence Herpetology Notes 4: 95–96. between populations, mainly in the state of São Paulo. Martins, I.A., Jim, J. (2008): Odontophrynus moratoi Jim and Due to these findings and the loss the Cerrado, the Caramaschi, 1980. In: Livro Vermelho da fauna brasileira populations are at serious risk of declining. Yet, we ameaçada de extinção, volume II; p. 311–312. Machado, agree with Arruda et al. (2017) about the definition A.B.M., Drummond, G.M., Paglia, A.P., Eds., Brasília, Brazil, Ministério do Meio Ambiente. of two management units for population conservation Martins, L.B., Giaretta, A.S. (2012): Advertisement Calls of Two strategies, a north unit encompassing the populations Species of Proceratophrys (Anura: Odontophrynidae) from of the state Minas Gerais and Goiás and a south unit Minas Gerais, Brasil, with Comments on their Distribution, encompassing the populations of the state São Paulo. and Conservation Status. South American Journal of All populations should be constantly monitored to Herpetology 7: 203–212. prevent any population decline. Reinhardt, J. & Lütken, C. (1862 “1861”) Bidrag até Kundskab om Brasiliens Padder e Krybdyr. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den naturistoriske Paraening i Kjobenhavn , 143-242, pls. 3–6. Acknowledgments. We are grateful to Dr. Felipe Toledo for the Reinhardt, J. & Lütken, C. (1862 “1861”) Bidrag até Kundskab om identification of the specimen of P. moratoi. We also thank the Brasiliens Padder e Krybdyr. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Museu de Zoologia “Adão José Cardoso” (ZUEC) for housing fra den naturistoriske Paraening i Kjobenhavn , 143-242, pls. 3–6. voucher specimens and sound recordings and to André Luiz Reinhardt, J. and Lütken, C. (1862 “1861”): Bidrag til kundskab Gomes Carvalho for making suggestions to the text, and Julie om Brasiliens Padder og Krybdyr. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Christie de Aguiar Passos, Orlando Manuel Perereira and Carolina fra den Naturhistoriske Forening i Kjøbenhavn 3: 143–242, pls. Lambertineli for reviewing the English. 3–6. Rolim, D.C., Martinez, R.A.M., Almeida, S.C., Ubaid, F.K., References Maffei, F., Jim, J. (2010): Amphibia, Anura, Cycloramphidae, Amaro, R.C; Pavan, D. Rodrigues, M.T. (2009): On the generic Proceratophrys moratoi (Jim and Caramaschi, 1980): identity of Odontophrynus moratoi Jim and Caramaschi, 1980 Distribution extension and new altitudinal record in state of Sao (Anura, Cycloramphidae). Zootaxa 2071: 61–68. Paulo, Brazil. Check List 6: 576–578. Arruda, M.P., Costa. W.P., Recco-Pimentel, S.M. (2017): Genetic Rolim, D.C., Almeida, S.C. (2017): Disappearance of diversity of Morato’s Digger Toad, Proceratophrys moratoi: Proceratophrys moratoi in its type locality by anthropogenic spatial structure, gene flow, effective size and need for environmental changes. Semina: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde differential management strategies of populations. Genetics and 38: 119–128. Molecular Biology 40: 502–514. Valdujo, P.H., Silvano, D.L., Colli, G., Martins, M. (2012): Anuran Brasileiro, C.A., Martins, I.A., Jim, J. (2008): Amphibia, Anura, species composition and distribution patterns in Brazilian Cycloramphidae, Odontophrynus moratoi: Distribution Cerrado, a neotropical hotspot. South American Journal of extension and advertisement call. Check List 4: 382–385. http:// Herpetology 7: 63–78. dx.doi.org/10.15560/4.4.382. Carvalho Jr., R.R., Kleinsorge, J.M.D., Fusinatto, L.A. (2010): Amphibia, Anura, Cycloramphidae, Odontophrynus moratoi Jim and Caramaschi, 1980: Filling gaps. Discovery of a new population in the state of São Paulo southeastern Brazil. Check List 6: 36–37. Cruz, C.A.G., Caramaschi, U. (2004): Proceratophrys moratoi. In: IUCN red list of threatened species: a global species assessment. Accepted by Fábio Hepp Baillie, J., Hilton-Taylor, C., Stuart, S.N., Eds., IUCN. http://