DOCSLIB.ORG

Blow Flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Idaho: an Annotated Checklist

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Blow Flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Idaho: an Annotated Checklist Great Basin Naturalist Volume 59 Number 1 Article 8 1-22-1999 Blow flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Idaho: an annotated checklist Donald R. Brothers Boise, Idaho Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Brothers, Donald R. (1999) "Blow flies (Diptera, Calliphoridae) of Idaho: an annotated checklist," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 59 : No. 1 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol59/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Great Basin \ aturalist 59(1), el999, pp. 92-96 BLOW FLIES (DIPTERA, CALLIPHORIDAE) OF IDAHO: AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST Donald R. Brothersl ABSTJl.AC1:-A total of 33 species of blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are recorded from Idaho. They include 1 species each of Cochliomyia, Phormia, Protophormia, TrypocallipllOra, Cyanus, Cynomya, and Melanodexia; 12 species of ProtocaUiphora; 5 species of Lucilia; 6 species ofCalliphora; and 3 species of Pollenla. Other calliphorid species that may also occur in the state include 5 species of Protocalliphora and 3 species of Calliphora.. Known distribution, periods of u.ctivity, abundance within the state, and biological notes are provided. Key IL:'Ords: Diplera, Calliphoridae, blowflies, Idaho, distribution. Many blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of Idaho since 1968 utilizing general collecting are of economic importance because of their techniques and fly traps, sweeping over bait effects on public health (James 1947, Green­ stations and road-killed animals, and rearing burg 1971), livestock (Williams et a!. 1985), and to adults larvae taken from carcasses; litera­ wildlife (Baumgartner 1988, Sabrosky et aJ. ture reports by Hall (1948), Linam and Rees 1989). In addition, an interest in blow flies as (1957), Horning and Barr (1970), and Sabrosky forensic indicators has become increasingly et aI. (1989); and specimens examined by the popular in recent years (Smith 1986, Green­ author from the following institutions: U.S. burg 1991, Catts and Goff 1992). Therefore, National Museum of Natural History (System­ information about these flies is important. atic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural In 1948, Hall's monograph, The blowflies of Research Service, USDA), Smithsonian Insti­ North America, provided comprehensive cov­ tution (USNM), University of Idal,o (WFBM), erage of the calliphorid fauna. Hall (1965) cat­ Albertson College of Idaho (CIDA), Washing­ aloged the blow flies in A catalog of the ton State University (WSUC), Utah State Uni­ Diptera ofAmerica 1I0rt), ofMexico, Cole (1969) versity (EMUS), and Brigham Young Univer­ included information about tbe fam~y in his sity (BYDC). Excluding the genera Protocal­ general work on western flies, and Shewell liphora, TrypocalUphora, and Melanodexia, (1987) provided identification keys, illustrations, voucher specimens of 17 species from the and brief comments pertaining to earctic author's collection have been deposited at species. From the Rocky Mountain states and USNM. westward. only 2 works cover the blow flies at The taxonomic conbibution ofRogues (1991) the state level, James (1955) for California and suggests that the synonymy of Hall (1965) and De Jong (1994) for Colorado. This work adds Shewell (1987) for North American calliphorids to localized knowledge by providing informa­ is out of date. Therefore, the arrangement of tion about the distribution, periods of activity, genera and species in this text is as presented abundance, and biology of blow flies known to by Rognes (1991) and subsequently listed for occur or which may occur in Idaho. This check· the Nearctic region by Poole (1996). Species are list is a preliminary step toward a more detailed listed alphabetically within genera. Because of publication on Idaho blow flies (primarily on long-standing use in earlier works, some generic synanthropic species) containing biological and specific names are included in this list for notes, identification keys, and illustrations. reference. An asterisk (*) identifies calliphOrid The present records are based on intermit­ species which currently are not reported from tent collections by the author throughout much Idaho but which may occur in the state based lao Kirk Dri~, Bll'ise, ID &1116. 92 1999] IDAHO BLOW FLIES 93 on collection records in proximity to state *Protocalliphora chrrJsorrhoea (Meigen). Trus boundaries. Periods of activity are based on species has been recorded in Cache County, Utah, earliest and latest collection dates in tbe cal­ and Ravalli County, Montana. The chief host is the endar year. Abundance is based on relative Bank Swallow. This species probably occurs in Idaho. abundance at collection sites. Protocalliplwra eupriM (Hall), Franklin County. Hosts include the dove and passeriform hirds. SUBFAMILY CHRYSOMYINAE Genus CochlimnyW *ProtocallipJwra Juzlli Sabrosky, Bennett, and Townsend Whitworth. This specie.~ has been recorded in Box Elder, Cache, and Rich L'Ountie.o;;, Utah, and in CoclJiofU.yia macellada (Fabricius). Canyon, British Columbia. The chief hosts are Say's Phoebe Oneida, and Washington counties. August-October. and Barn SwaUow. 'nlis species probably occurs in Rare. 111e Canyon County record involved myiasis Idaho. in a dog (O'Keeffe 1970), and the Washington County record involved myiasis in a human (Port­ >II Pmtocalliphora JW8peria Shannon nnd Dobros~ man 1954). cky, This species has been recorded in Box Elder Genus Phormia and Cache counties, Utah, and in British Columbia. Robineau-Desvoidy Known hosts include several passeritorm birds. This species probably occurs in Idaho. Phonnia regina (Meigen). Ada, Adams, Bannock, Blaine, Boise. Bonner, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Prorocalliphora hirutulo Shannon and DohroscL')'. Canyon, Cassia, Clark, Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Bear I..,ke, Bonner, and Custer counties. Although Gem, Cooding, Idaho, Jefferson, Kootenai, Latah, chief hosts are swallows, several other passerifonn Lemhi, Lewis, Nez Perce, Oneida, Owyhee, Sho­ birds are parasitized. shone, Teton, Twin FalJs, Yaney, and Washington counties. JJouary-Novemher. Very (:ommon, Adults *Protocalliplwra intetTUpta Sabrosky, Bennett, overwinter. This species is generally the 1st fly and Whitworth. Recorded from Cache County, species to appear at a fresh carcass and will he the Utah, and British Columbia. Known hosL.. are chiefly most common species at the carcass initially. The Yellow-headed, Brewer's, and Red-winged Black· fly is often involved in wound myiasis and sheep hird~, Song Sparrow, and Marsh Wren. This species strike (James 1955). probahlyoccurs in Idaho. Genus Protocal1iphom ProtocnUiplwra law. Sabrosky, Bennett, and Hoogh Whit\\lorth. Fmnklin County. Known host'\ include All specie.o;; of Protocalliphora are parasitic on Red-tailed Hawk, American Kestrel, and Northern birds. Because adults are not typically attracted to Goshawk. carrion (which is nonnally a major source of blow flies), adults of all species are scarce in collections ProtocaUiplwra metaUica (Townsend). Caribou, and are not commonly observed in nature. Sabrosky Latah, and Oneida counties. Known hosts include ct aI. (1989) provides the sole source of information numerous passeriform species. for species records included in this checklist. *ProtoclJ1iphora parorum Sabrosky, Bennett, ProtocaUipJwl'a aenea Shannon and Dohroscl..")', and Whitworth. Recorded from Box Elder and Shoshone County. Known hosl"i that occur in [daho Cache counties, Utah. Known hosts are chiefly include American Dipper, Say's American Phoebe, chickadee species. This species prohably oceurs in Robin, Bam Swallow, and IIouse Wren. Iduho. ProtocaUiphora ooium. Shannon and Dobroscky. Protocalliphora seminuda Sabrosky, Bennett, Ada, Bear Lake, Franklin, Nez Peree, Latah, Onedia, and Whitworth. Butte and Oneida counties. Known and Owyhee counties. This species is parasitic on the Am.erican Crow and raptorial birds. hosts include Brewer's Blackbird, Horned Lark, and Barn Swallow. ProtocaUiphora beamen Sabrosky, Bennett, and Whitworth. Butte County. This species is known *P"otocaUiphora shannoni Sabrosky, Bennett, only to parasitize swallows. and Whitworth. Recorded from Cache County, Utah; Ravalli County, Montana; and near Vernon, Protoealliphora bnt""cisq1lama Sahrosky, Ben­ British C'.olumbia. Known hosts include a number nett, and Whitworth. Butte County. Only known of passeriforrn birds. Thi'\ species probably occurs host of this species is the Chipping Sparrow. in Idaho. 94 GREAT BASIN NATIJRAUST [Volume 59 Pl'OtocaUiphora sialia Shannon and Dobroscky. nock, Bingham, Blaine, Boise, Bonneville, Camas, Bear Lake, Franklin, and Latah counties. Known Canyon, Cassia, Custer, Elmore, Jefferson, Jerome, hosts include numerous passerifonn species. Latah, Nez Perce, Owyhee, Twin Falls, and Wash­ ington counties. April-September. Very common. ProtocaUiphora spatulata Sabrasky, Bennett, and This species is the most common metaDic-colored Whitworth. Latah County. Sabrosky et aJ. (1989) fiy in residential communities. Food range of the reported Rosy Finch, Homed Lark, and "Vater Pipit larva is wide, enabling it to develop commonly in as hosts. Fair and Miller (1995) added Savannah garbage. Sparrow and White-crowned Sparrow. Lucilia silvarum (Meigen). Hall (1965) placed Protocalliphora
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Blowflies of California
    BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY VOLUME 4,NO. 1 THE BLOWFLIES OF CALIFORNIA (Diptera: Calliphoridae) BY MAURICE T. JAMES (Department of Zo'dlogy, State College of Washington, Pullman) UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES 1955 BULLETIN OF THE CALIFORNIA INSECT SURVEY Editors: E. G. Linsley, S. B. Freeborn, R. L. Usinger Volume 4, No. 1, pp. 1-34, plates 1-2, 1 figure in text Submitted by Editors, January 13, 1955 Issued October 28, 1955 Price, 50 cents UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON. ENGLAND PRINTED BY OFFSET IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE BLOWFLIES OF CALIFORNIA (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by Maurice T. James Identification of the blowflies of North America Blowflies are important from a medical and has been made much easier and more secure in veterinary standpoint. Some are obligatory or recent years by the publication of the monograph facultative parasites on man or on domestic or of that family by Hall (1948). However, there other useful animals. In our area, the primary exists ti0 regional treatment that covers any screwworm, Callitroga hominivorax (Coquerel), definite part of the United States. Hall's mono- 'is the only obligatory parasite that invades graph gives only general information about the living tissue, although larvae of Pmtocalliphora, geographical distribution of most of the species. represented in the Califdrnia fauna by seven These considerations, together with the fact that known species, feed on the blood of nesting Hall had obviously examined an insufficient birds, often with fatal results. Of the facultative amount of material from the western states, parasites, Callitroga macellaria (Fabricius), makes a review of the California species partic- Phaenicia sericata (Meigen), and Phormia regina ularly desirable.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera: Calliphoridae)
    Systematic Entomology (1987) 12, 475-502 The taxonomy of th e Polleniø rudis species'group in the Holarctic Region (Diptera: Calliphoridae) KNUT ROGNES HavØrnbrautene 7a,Madla, Norway ABSTRACT. A rudis species-group is defined withrn Pollenia Robineau- Desvoidy, and new characters found useful in the taxonomy of this genus are presented . P.rudis (Fabricius) , P.angustigena Wainwright, stat.rev. and P.pseudorudis Rognes are redescribed . P.hungarica sP.tr., p.longithecasp.n. and P.luteovillosasp.n. are described as new to science. A key is provided, and the terminalia of both sexes are illustrated for all the species. Some features of the puparia are figured for the species where these are known. A neotype is designated for Musca rudis, and a lectotype for P. angustigena. P.angustigena, P.pseudorudis and P.rudi§ are Holarc- tic species, and the latter two have also been found in New Zealand. The remaining species are confined to the western Palaearctic . P.hungarica rs known from central Europe, including southern parts of Scandinavia, p.longitheca from the eastern Mediterranestr, and P.luteovillosa from Algeria and Morocco in North Africa. In the larval stages P.rudis-group members are parasites of or predators on earthworms. The species have several generations each year, and normally overwinter as adults . Eisenia rosea (Savigny) serves as a host for P.hungarica, P.pseudorudis and p.rudis according to the reared material available. A previous detailed account of the immature stages and life-cycle of 'rudis' from North America is tentatively assigned to pseudorudis. Keitin's (1909,7915) often cited accounts of the immature stages and life-cycle of a species called 'rudis' are rejected as a source of information for any member of the rudis group.
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing Forensic Entomology Applications: Identification and Ecology
    Enhancing forensic entomology applications: identification and ecology A Thesis Submitted to the Committee on Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Arts and Science TRENT UNIVERSITY Peterborough, Ontario, Canada © Copyright by Sarah Victoria Louise Langer 2017 Environmental and Life Sciences M.Sc. Graduate Program September 2017 ABSTRACT Enhancing forensic entomology applications: identification and ecology Sarah Victoria Louise Langer The purpose of this thesis is to enhance forensic entomology applications through identifications and ecological research with samples collected in collaboration with the OPP and RCMP across Canada. For this, we focus on blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and present data collected from 2011-2013 from different terrestrial habitats to analyze morphology and species composition. Specifically, these data were used to: 1) enhance and simplify morphological identifications of two commonly caught forensically relevant species; Phormia regina and Protophormia terraenovae, using their frons-width to head- width ratio as an additional identifying feature where we found distinct measurements between species, and 2) to assess habitat specificity for urban and rural landscapes, and the scale of influence on species composition when comparing urban and rural habitats across all locations surveyed where we found an effect of urban habitat on blow fly species composition. These data help refine current forensic entomology applications by adding to the growing knowledge of distinguishing morphological features, and our understanding of habitat use by Canada’s blow fly species which may be used by other researchers or forensic practitioners. Keywords: Calliphoridae, Canada, Forensic Science, Morphology, Cytochrome Oxidase I, Distribution, Urban, Ecology, Entomology, Forensic Entomology ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Blow flies are among the most familiar of insects.
    [Show full text]
  • Terry Whitworth 3707 96Th ST E, Tacoma, WA 98446
    Terry Whitworth 3707 96th ST E, Tacoma, WA 98446 Washington State University E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] Published in Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington Vol. 108 (3), 2006, pp 689–725 Websites blowflies.net and birdblowfly.com KEYS TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES OF BLOW FLIES (DIPTERA: CALLIPHORIDAE) OF AMERICA, NORTH OF MEXICO UPDATES AND EDITS AS OF SPRING 2017 Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3 Materials and Methods ................................................................................................... 5 Separating families ....................................................................................................... 10 Key to subfamilies and genera of Calliphoridae ........................................................... 13 See Table 1 for page number for each species Table 1. Species in order they are discussed and comparison of names used in the current paper with names used by Hall (1948). Whitworth (2006) Hall (1948) Page Number Calliphorinae (18 species) .......................................................................................... 16 Bellardia bayeri Onesia townsendi ................................................... 18 Bellardia vulgaris Onesia bisetosa .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Carvalho De Souza-Pinto1,*, Izabella Fernandes França2 and Cátia Antunes De Mello-Patiu2
    Herpetology Notes, volume 8: 287-290 (2015) (published online on 18 May 2015) Brief description of myiasis cases in three amphibian species from Atlantic Forest located in the central region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil Felipe Carvalho de Souza-Pinto1,*, Izabella Fernandes França2 and Cátia Antunes de Mello-Patiu2 Endoparatism in amphibians is widely observed and They were captured in border areas of seasonal several cases have been described in literature (Bursey semideciduous forest with a permanent stream, and DeWolf, 1998; Bolek and Coggins, 1998; Ghazi and permanent pond and temporary puddles. Noorun-Nisa, 2005; Luque et al., 2005; Van Sluys et al., Specimens were found resting and shortly after capture 2006; Santos et al., 2008; Nworah and Olorunfemi, 2011; we perceived some round skin lesions (x¯ Diameter = Gonzalez et al., 2012; Santos et al., 2013; González & 0.55 mm, SD = 0.1359, range = 0.42 to 0.74, N = 5) with Hamann, 2014); however, there are just few reports of infestation of larvae (Figure 1). ectoparasites, wich are restricted to cases of parasitism The larvae were collected using a pair of iris by ticks (Sincok and Brum, 1997; Dantas-Torres et tweezers and placed inethanol (Figure 2). After the al., 2008), leeches (Loebmann et al., 2008) and some larval removal and treatment with aqueous Polyvinyl records of myiasis (Bolek and Coggins, 2002; Bolek Pyrrolidone Iodine to avoid infection, two individuals and Javony, 2004; Hoskin and McCallum, 2007; Eaton were reintroduced into the local habitat. The other three et al., 2008; Medina et al., 2009; Travers and Townsend, individuals captured did not survive this aforementioned 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • Karyomorphological Features of Turkish Centaurea (Subgenus Cyanus, Asteraceae) Species and Its Taxonomic Importance
    Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2019) 43: 538-550 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/bot-1811-28 Karyomorphological features of Turkish Centaurea (subgenus Cyanus, Asteraceae) species and its taxonomic importance Emrah ŞİRİN*, Meryem BOZKURT, Tuna UYSAL, Kuddisi ERTUĞRUL Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Received: 19.11.2018 Accepted/Published Online: 25.02.2019 Final Version: 08.07.2019 Abstract: In this study, the karyomorphology of 20 Turkish Centaurea (subgenus Cyanus) taxa was examined. The number of chromosomes of 11 taxa belonging to the subgenus Cyanus was determined for the first time. As a result of the karyomorphological studies, the number of basic chromosomes was determined to be x = 8, 10, and 12 in annuals and x = 10 and 11 in perennials. The populations are tetraploid in the seven perennial taxa and polyploidy is not rare for this group. On the other hand, all annual taxa are diploid. Considering the asymmetry indices, we can conclude that most taxa have symmetrical karyotypes. The most common karyotype formulas are 40 metacentric chromosomes (m), 20m, and 16m + 4 submetacentric chromosomes, respectively. A satellite was detected in the majority of the taxa, but it was observed to be mainly localized on the short arm of the chromosome. Satellites are located mainly on the second chromosome. Key words: Asymmetry, chromosome counts, endemic, karyomorphology, metacentric 1. Introduction 2012). Cyanus, a subgenus, is represented by approximately Cytotaxonomy is a branch of cytogenetics in which 25 species worldwide (Hellwig, 2004). karyological features are systematically evaluated for According to recent definitions of Centaurea (Susanna evolutionary purposes (Siljak-Yakovlev and Peruzzi, 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • A Revision of the Genus <Italic>Chaetorellia</Italic> Hendel
    Six species of overseas insects low starthistle replaces desirable veg- Yellow starthistle, one of California’s more pernicious weeds, infests this field in have been approved for release as etation, in both natural and managed Nevada County. biological control agents of yellow settings. In natural settings, it dimin- starthistle, California’s most per- ishes recreational values, and dense vasive weed. Previously, four stands of this invasive exotic can re- Mayfield 1985). Yellow starthistle’s biocontrol insects were known to duce biodiversity and help carry wild logarithmic range expansion contin- be established in California; we fires. Within California’s agricultural ues. A 1997 survey by California De- now confirm the establishment of community, yellow starthistle most se- partment of Food and Agriculture the peacock fly, as well as the ac- verely impacts ranchers. While young (CDFA) found this weed in 42% (n = 1,935) of California’s 4,638 townships cidentally introduced false pea- yellow starthistle shoots can be grazed - each 6 by 6 square miles - and in cock fly. Remarkably, the false by cattle, the sharp spines of older plants deter feeding, thereby greatly 22% (1,019 townships) the infestations peacock fly is significantly more reducing the forage value of hundreds are reported as ”high” (Pitcairn et al. widespread and more effective of thousands of acres for most of the 1998a). “High“ abundance was de- against yellow starthistle than the year. Yellow starthistle can be toxic to fined as being, at a minimum, several peacock fly - or any other horses that feed on it, causing a fatal miles of dense roadside infestation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Biology, Dispersal, and Management of the House Fly and Related Flies for Farmers, Municipalities, and Public Health Offi Cials 3
    The Fly Management Handbook A Guide to Biology, Dispersal, Connecticut and Management of the House Agricultural Fly and Related Flies for Experiment Farmers, Municipalities, and Station, Public Health Offi cials New Haven Bulletin 1013 KIRBY C. STAFFORD III, PH.D. Vice Director, State Entomologist May 2008 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station New Haven, CT 06504 GENERAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks are given to Joyce Meader, Connecticut Cooperative Extension Service, Dr. Bruce Sherman, Connecticut Department of Agriculture, Patricia M. Beckenhaupt, Director of Health of the Northeast District Department of Health, and Dr. Louis A. Magnarelli, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES), for reviewing the handbook. Their comments and suggestions were sincerely appreciated. I extend a particular thank you to James Rock (emeritus), Connecticut Cooperative Extension Service, for his considerable input and support. Thanks are also extended to Rose Bonito (CAES) for scanning illustrations and pictures and Vickie Bomba-Lewandoski (CAES) for publication and printing assistance. Much of the material on cluster flies is from a CAES fact sheet by Gale E. Ridge (available on the CAES website, www.ct.gov/caes). Thank you, Gale. Several portions on poultry IPM are based on Special Circular 338, Poultry Pest Management for Pennsylvania and the Northeast (1986), by Kirby C. Stafford III and Clarence A. Collison. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR FIGURES Most sources for the pictures and illustrations are noted in the figure captions. Requests for use of photographs and illustrations by the author or CAES may be directed to the author. Permission to use any other material must be obtained from the original source. The historical 1916 illustration of the unsanitary conditions in the introduction is from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Image Library (8264); the stable fly and green-bottle fly in Figure 6 and 8, respectively, are from United States Department of Agriculture Farmer’s Bulletin 1408.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera: Calliphoridae)1
    Pacific Insects 13 (1) : 141-204 15 June 1971 THE TRIBE CALLIPHORINI FROM AUSTRALIAN AND ORIENTAL REGIONS II. CALLIPHORA-GROUP (Diptera: Calliphoridae)1 By Hiromu Kurahashi Abstract: The Australian and Oriental Calliphora-group consists of the following 5 genera: Xenocalliphora Malloch (6 spp.), Aldrichina Townsend (1 sp.), T Heer atopy ga Rohdendorf (1 sp.), Eucalliphora Townsend (1 sp.) and Calliphora Rob.-Desvoidy (37 spp.). The genus Calliphora Rob.-Desvoidy has a number of members with a greater diversity of form and coloration than do those known from any other faunal region, and it is subdivided into the 5 subgenera: Neocalliphora Brauer & Bergenstamm, Cal­ liphora s. str., Paracalliphora Townsend, Papuocalliphora n. subgen, and Australocalli- phora n. subgen, in the present paper. The following forms are described as new: Calliphora pseudovomitoria, Paracalliphora papuensis, P. kermadeca, P. norfolka, P. augur neocaledonensis, P. espiritusanta, P. porphyrina, P. gressitti, P. rufipes kermadecensis, P. rufipes tasmanensis, P. rufipes tahitiensis, Australocalliphora onesioidea and A. tasmaniae, This second study in the series on Australian and Oriental Calliphorini presents a revision of the Calliphora-group based on a much greater amount of material than the early authors had. Most of the specimens examined were available in the Department of Entomology, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. I have raised the number of species to 46 which belong to 5 genera: Xenocalliphora Malloch, Aldrichina Townsend, Triceratopyga Rohdendorf, Eucalliphora Townsend and Calliphora Rob.-Desvoidy. The former 4 are either monobasic or with few species in contrast with the 38 species of the last genus. They have several plesiomorphous characters, i.e., dichoptic condition of eyes in <^, in spite of a more or less high degree of specialization with respect to some features such as hypopygium.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ecology of Pollenia Rudis and It's Host Earthworms
    1'RE fi_COLOGY OF POLLE'NI4. RUOIS AtJD IT'S HOS'f" EAR'fH\ICJRl"iS ... ' "Vlords fail to describe their general depravity; it is beyond expression. If you wish to be happy. be sure you don't introduce cluster flies into your family." Dall; 1882. THE ECOLOGY OF POLLENIA RUDIS (DIPTERA:CALLIPHORIDAE) AND ITS HOST EARTHWORMS (LUMBRICIDAE), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P. RUDIS AND EISENIA ROSEA by ALAN JOHN THOMSON, B.Sc. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for• the degree Doctor of Philosophy McMaster University May 1972 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (1972) McMASTER UNIVERSITY (Biology) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: The ecology of Pollenia rudis (Diptera:Calliphoridae) and its host earthworms (Lumbricidae), with special reference to the host-parasite relationship between P. rudis and Eisenia rosea. AUTHOR: Alan John Thomson, B.Sc. (Glasgow University, Scotland) SUPERVISOR: Professor D. M. Davies NUMBER OF PAGES: (vii) 170 SCOPE AND CONTENTS: The distribution of Eisenia rosea, the main host of P. rudis, is influenced mainly by soil moisture and bulk density. Cluster-fly larvae locate hosts by random locomotion through the soil pores, whereupon penetration is induced by a substance present in the worm slime. Penetration occurs mainly on the upper surface of the worm, with fewer penetrations occurring towards either end of the worm. Several species of earthworm, including some which do not normally act as hosts, were infected in the laboratory. The encystment, surface casting, burrowing and autotomising behaviour of E. rosea varies with soil moisture and bulk density.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter Alaska Entomological Society
    Newsletter of the Alaska Entomological Society Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2015 In this issue: Moths land on Murkowski’s desk—Senate Resolu- tion 70 . .8 Two new Lepidoptera host plant relationships . .9 First record of a cluster fly (Calliphoridae: Pollenia) The DNA barcoding UAMU Project: Testing the in Alaska . .1 insect identification power of DNA barcoding What is a specimen? What should we count and technology . 14 report when managing an entomology collection?3 Review of the eighth annual meeting . 18 First record of a cluster fly (Calliphoridae: Pollenia) in Alaska by Matt Bowser1 most abundant and conspicuous insects in the vicinity of the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge’s headquarters build- ing south of Soldotna. Adam Jewiss-Gaines (Brock Univer- sity, St. Catharines, Ontario) identified a specimen as Pol- lenia vagabunda (Meigen, 1826). Thirty-five specimens were collected in the Soldotna area 11th of February to the 17th of March, where they were found in spider webs, in build- ings, on snow, and sunning on any warm aspect in the after- noons. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first report of a cluster fly from Alaska. Cluster flies are native to the Old World, but have be- come established across much of North America. Until re- cently, all cluster flies collected from the Nearctic were con- sidered to be one species, Pollenia rudis (Fabricius), but now six species are recognized from North America (Whitworth, 2006; Jewiss-Gaines et al., 2012). Pollenia vagabunda was first collected in North America in 1958 and is now distributed from the East Coast to southern British Columbia (see dis- tribution map of Jewiss-Gaines et al., 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • The Toad Fly Lucilia Bufonivora
    Medical and Veterinary Entomology (2018), doi: 10.1111/mve.12328 The toad fly Lucilia bufonivora: its evolutionary status and molecular identification G. ARIAS-ROBLEDO1,2, T.STARK3,R.L.WALL1 and J. R. STEVENS2 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K., 2Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K. and 3Reptile, Amphibian and Fish Conservation the Netherlands (RAVON), Nijmegen, The Netherlands Abstract. The blow fly genus Lucilia is composed largely of saprophages and facultative myasis agents, including the economically important species Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen). Only one species is generally recognized as an obligate agent of myiasis, Lucilia bufonivora Moniez, and this is an obligate parasite of toads. Lucilia silvarum (Meigen), a sister species, behaves mainly as a carrion breeder; however, it has also been reported as a facultative parasite of amphibians. Morphologically, these species are almost identical, and historically this has led to misidentification, taxonomic ambiguity and a paucity of studies of L. bufonivora. In this study, dipterous larvae were analysed from toad myiasis cases from the U.K., The Netherlands and Switzerland, together with adult specimens of fly species implicated in amphibian parasitism: L. bufonivora, L. silvarum and Lucilia elongata Shannon (from North America). Partial sequences of two genes, cox1 and ef1, were amplified. Seven additional blow fly species were analysed as outgroups. Bayesian inference treesof cox1, ef1 and a combined-gene dataset were constructed. All larvae isolated from toads were identified as L. bufonivora and no specimens of L. silvarum were implicated in amphibian myiasis. This study confirms L.
    [Show full text]