1916. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-- IfOUSE.
H. R .. 15005. An act. to ·appropriate $200,000. for trainirrg: the Harry-Ezekiel Isruresi Organized Militia of-any State; T~rritory; or of the Dlstrict: ~ J'ohm Willi3lii: Sins , Columbia, was read twice by _its title and referred to the. C0llh Elliott Cn.rr Cutler: mittee on Military A1:fa.irs. · Albert Alphonso Wood Gfi.o~:eyeb. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Fredertc- Angns:tn:s Washburn. Mr. BANKHEAD. I move that-the Senate proceed to the con Jacoli Terame S.teinfelder. sideration or executive business. Edwin: I. Bmrtlett. The motion was agreed to-, and the Senate proceeded to the Theodore Caldwell Janeway. con ideration· of executive business. After 25 minutes: spent- in:. Daniel Webster Prentiss. executive session the Senate, in executive session (at- 4 o'clo·ck Howard Thomas Karsner. and 30 minutes p. m.), took a recess-until l\fonday, May-8, 1916, Charles Walter Stone. at 11 o'clock a. m. Albert Cliffo:t:d Hirshfield.· Harold Colton Herrick. Wilson, George Smillie. NOMINATIONS. Charles Booth. Spruit. J'ose Penteado Bill. Executive nomJnatiO"'M •received.. by the Senate Mwy· 6 (legisla Harold Everett Eggers. tive aav of May 5), 1916. Eben Winslow Fiske. UNITEn STATES DISTRICT JunGE. Archibald McKay Fraser. J. WaTren Da'Vis, of Trent-on, N: J:, w be United States (liS William Joseph l\lcDonald. trict judge for the district of New· Jersey. .(Additional position, Samuel Clark Harvey. created by the act approved April 11, 1916.) · Mortimer Edwin Danforth. PROMOTIONS IN IRE ARMY. Ul\-r:ITED STATES DISTRICT ATTORNEY. Charles F. Lynch, of Paterson, N. J., to be United States COAST ARTILLER¥ CORPS. attorney for the district of New Jersey, vice J. Warren Davis, First Lieut. Sidney H. Guthrie to be captain. nominated to be United States. district judge for tbe district of 1 Second Lieut. Edward Roth, jr., to be first lieutenant. New Jersey. INFANTRY ARM. Second Lieut. l\lartin n Sh~lenberger to tie first lieutenant. CONFIRMATIONS. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. Executive nominations oo1t/i1me(i by the Senate May 6 (legisla Second Lieut. Oscar 0. Kuentz to ba first lieutenant. tive day of May 5), 1916. Second Lieut. 'Villiam El. R. Covell to be: .first lieutenan~ Second Lieut. Edwin R. Kimble to be first lieutenant. A.PPOINT:MENTS IN THE.. A.ru.!Y. Pos:rMASTEBS. 1>IEDICAL RESERVE CORPS. INDIANA. 'Jio be first l-ieutenants tvitlt r:wnk trom; Ap1·il 12, 1916: Aluen H. Baker, Westfield. Howard James Knott. George P. DeHoff, Winona Lake. Edwin Roy Tenney. Simeon L. Frost, Orleans. Edmund McCollam Connely. Daniel A. Riley, Greentown. Marion Cherigny Palmer~ William F. Wake, Roanoke. Alonzo Bolen Middleton. Warren David Calvin. ILLINOIS. Edwar Speaker of the House of Representatives. I understand that the House with his quaint conceits and now convincing them U ·cLE JoE and the modest 1\lember who is now addressing you with his powerful and ingenious arguments. are the only surviving Members of the Forty-third Congress now That, to my mind, was the sphere where his abilities shone in public life, and it has appeared to me to be fitting to refer to the best advantage. He is by nature a floor leader. He has to some of the incidents of that Congress, because we were the courage, the fearlessness, and that quickness of mind and ca1led upon to deal with great questions growing out of the Civil of tongue accelerating under fire, which make a man effective 'Vnr, questions that appealed to the hearts and the emotions on this floor. of public men. Gen. Grant, the foremost man of all the world, Those of you who have come here this ession can ha-ve wa starting on his second term as President. I want to call li tie appreciation, it seems to me, of what the American your nttention to some of the developments in science nnu Congress has sometimes been and what it may be again. ocial ethics that have occurred since that time. I remember Everything this year has run so smoothly and amiably-there that t11e appropriation for the President in that Congress, for has "Qeen so little bitterness and belligerenc~·-that it is difficult ~alary nnu for upkeep of the White House, was $42,000. Presi to realize the contests of the past. Our Speaker is so o-enial and ueut Grant had no bodyguard, no military aitle. We Members so popular with both sides [applause], the minority leacler co were serving at $5,000 a year. We had to furnish our own operate so heartily with his kindly spirit, and the issue which qunrters. 'Ve were not allowed any secretaries. The Speaker tlm far have m·isen have contained so little to excite passion h:11l no parliamentary expert. 'Ve had no Hinds' Preceuents. that we seem to be sailing on an eternal summer sea. I hoDe it The country had no automobile . We had no wireless; we bad may alwa~ · s contiuue so serene. [Applause.] 110 flying machine; we had no canned music. Edison, the wizard But it was in a very different atmosphere that Mr. CANNa~ of the scientific world to-day, had not yet appeared. 'Ve had no was trained. It was different when I first came here. I can elech·ic cnrs; we had no moving pictures; no typewriting ma remember when the air of this Chamber eemed surcharged chines. We had no preparedness talk on this floor [laughter] ; with animosity, and there were occasion· when it seemed as if we had no Calenunr "~ellne~ tlnr [laughter]; we lmtl no Army the two sides of the House were so hostile and furious that they antl NaD' League. might at any moment rise against each other in forcible col We had no bvilight tango. [Laughter.] lision. We are here to-day \Vith a living and knock-down argument And yet I suppose during my ervice it has been calm corn ~1;;uinst the theory of Dr. Osler. [Applause and laughter.] It pared with what preceded it. I ·uppose in the Fifty-first CoiJ i.~ ;I mistake to suppose that a man who has reached the age of gress party heat reached its extreme. It ne€ded then dauntless SO rears has reached the acme of his intellectual development. courage and unfaltering poise to be a succe ·sful leader. .And it [Applause and laughter.] Pope Leo XIII and .John Allaws was in that Congress I haYe ahTays understood that Mr. CAN wl:'re in the full possession of their intellectual powers at 90. NON really won his indisputable right to be at the front. In .lohn Wesley was at the height of his eloquence and at his best tl1at historic contest over the rule it was on him that Speaker at 88. Michelangelo painted the greatest single picture that Reed, the most powerful and formidable figure '! have ever seen '"us ever -painted since the world began at 80. He made the "·itbin tgese wall , leaned for his mo. t reliable and effective .·ky and sunshine glorious with his brush at 83. Gen. Von support. 1\Ioltke wa. still wearing the uniform nt 88, and he comruandert the victorious German Army that entered the gates of Paris at I came llere 23 years ago. I suvpose many of you think, as I 70. George Bancroft was writing deathless history after 80. know some ambitious men in my district have long thought, Thomas Jefferson, Herbert Spencer, Talleyrand, ami Voltaire that 12 terms are an unconscionable time for anyone to serve. were giving out great ideas at 80. Tennyson wrote his greatest [Laughter.] But when I arriYed here Mr. CANNON could look poem, "Crossing the Bar," at 83. Gladstone made his greatest bac·k nearly as far as that to the commencement of his service. campaign at 80, and was the master of Great Britain at 83. He was in his prin1e. In debate his directness, his shrewdness, llumboldt, the naturalist, scientist-the greatest that Germany his brightness of illustration, and his gymnastics always at eYer produced-issued his immortal Kosmos at 90. tracted universal attention. I remember being told that once I saw Joe Jefferson play Rip Van Winkle at his best at 75. when he was making a speech with his customary vigor, rising Goethe wrote Faust, the greatest literary achievement in all on his toes and prancing up and down the aisle, Mr. Reed called literature-the masterpiece of literature-the last section-at out to him, sotto voce, "JoE, are you making this speech on 80. The Irish actor Macklin was still on the stage nt 99. mileage?" [Laughter.] Hobert Browning was as subtle and mysterious a eyer at 77, But while his peculiarities of manner attracted attention, and Victor Hugo was at his best from 75 to 80. they were but the publfcity agents for the real power and We will concede that UNCLE JoE has passed the period of originality of his arguments. No one knew better than he how adolescence [laughter] and that he has reached the age of to appeal to both the judgment and the prejudices of the House. ui. ·cretion. You will all concede with me that the best effort His quick and fertile mind not only grasped and developed all of his life was undoubtedly his oration on Abraham Lincoln, the intrinsic force of the argument but al. o took advantage of which was delivered in this Congress. He has not reached the the foibles and self-interest of his audience. He did not simply acme of his intellectual development; that will come later. argue the merits of the proposition but he fought strenuously [Laughter and applause.] When he delivers his masterpiece in to make his side prevail. He made speeche , not to circulate this Chamber or in a larger fonun, I hope I may be present with in his district or to '"'in applau e, but to win votes, and if he ears erect to hear or eyes· alert to read. [Laughter and con could not ucceed the cause was hopeless. tinued applause.) The chairman of the Appropriations Committee generaJly has The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Wisconsin [M.r. CoorER] the unpopular ide, for he is generally fighting for economy. will take the chair. [Applause.] I do not believe it is simply the natural prejudice of my own 1\lr. COOPER of Wisconsin took the chair as Speaker pro membership which makes me feel that a spirit of economy tempore. always permeates that committee far more than any other com 'rhe SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair will recognize the mittee of the House. Now is not the time to discuss the reason gentleman from l\1n · achusetts [Mr. GILLETT]. [Applause.] for it, which would be inte_resting. Mr. GILLETT. 1\Ir. Speaker, I am the only person in the But ever since I have been here the chairman of that com llou e who ever served on the Appropriations Committee when mittee has been the watch dog of the Treasury and the champion • 1\ft·. CA-NoN was its chairman. To my mind that was the most of retrenchment. Mr. CANNO"N filled that rOle preeminently, glorious and useful part of his career. Perhaps my opinion is but with a good nature, a practical common ense, a sagacious bia. ·ed by tbe fact that as we grow older we are less impres judgment of the temper of the House, and a prudent mitigation sionable, and that 'ivhen I was younger I was more of a hero of abstract justice by personal necessities which won him ex wor hiper; but to me, even when he sat omnipotent in the traordinary success. He was ready, to compromise when be S11enker's chair and tried to be dignified and judicial and non thought it wise and rea onable, but be nen'r shunned a fight, parti ·an, and to regulate this disorderly and sometimes turbu and be never surrendered till every resource was exhausted. lent a. embly, he wa · not so imposing as when he was on the The adversary who anticipated an easy victory just ·because be tloo1·, sure to be in the center of any conflict, contributing in had the popular side had little appreciation of the persistence, 110 mall measure to the hen t and violence and interest of the the knowledge, and the re ourcefnlness of Mr. CANNON. He debate, ready always to" ride the tempest and direct the storm." was, of course, sometimes beaten, but he often won where an (Applause.] other would not have dared to fight. 'l'o see him in his glory you should have seen him as C]lair When I first came to Congress I had a strong prejudice mnn of Appropriations. in the thick of the fra.r, without manu against him, But, as I watched his leadership, the time came script or notes, but all ablaz.e ''"ith energy, now entertaining when if I stHldenly had to ,-ote on a question of wllich I knew LIII-474 .7526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-·HOUSE .. 1\iAY G, nothing, there was no man in the House whom I would follo-\v :1\f.r. Speaker, his partisanship was not confined to men on the so confiuently as him. . Democratic side of the House, either. One of the most interest In eommittee he Wn.s alei't, wis.e, timesaving, and he had that ing· and remarkable debates I ever witnessed iri this House was charming quality so appreciated by ambitious younger men, of between the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. CANNON] and a gen giYing them plenty of opportunity to show their powers. He tleman on that side of the Chamber who is now deceased, Col. ne\er tried to monopolize the chances of distinction, but shared Pete Hepburn, which occurred som~ 12 or 13 years ago when tllem generously with his lieutenants. , the bill for the construction of the interoceanic canal was under I tru t he will not think it disparaging i! I say that he is consideration. The question then was whether we should n from Democrati_c Congre. se. , too, as wel1 as Republican Con 245 days, although the Capitol guides will haYe it that be serYe We should not be human if we did not disagree at many points, were in good faith and we were in "OOd faith. You carried the and there would be no work for Congress if there were not ma,n:y: country and had a Democratic House. which you elected in men of many minds in the country. We are sent here as the 1874-strongly Democratic. It was a Republican Senate. The Representatives of those people who have different ideas as to 4th of March was approaching, and in that Democratic House, Government activities, and we must here thrash out these dif presided over by Samuel J. Randall, with such Democrats as ferences, whether pleasant or unpleasant, for harmony can not Ben Hill. and Randolph Tucker-noted men, both North and always be produced out of the conflicts of the people, even by the South-there originated on that side the legislation which was best of friends. My own experience here inclines me to the agreed to by the Senate for the ell!ctoral colnmission-five judges view expressed by Charles Latnb; that he could not hate the of the Supreme Court, five Members of the Senate, and five Mem- man he knew, rather than to the old proverb that "Biting and bers of the House. · scratclling is the Scots' wooing." You supposed you would have a majority of, one. You sup One of my earliest friends on this floor was Alexander H. po ed that David Davis, one of the five judges, would be on your Stephens, who returned to the Hou e when I came as a new side. That would have given you a majority of one. But two l'lfember. I had heard of the man who, as vice president of the days before that commission was appointed Gen. Logan, contest Confederacy was the ablest adversary of Lincoln, and I had opin ing for reelection to the Senate, was defeated by Justice Davis ~ ions ; but here on the floor and in the hotel where we both lived and that put Justice Davis out. So Justice Bradley was selected, I came to know him as a man as different from my opinions, and he threw the casting vote. · It was settled, but it did not formed by reading the war news, as are my opinions of the turn out as yon e:S:pected it would turn out. But it was pa archangel and the archdemon of the universe. triotically acquiesced in. So it has been through the years; and to me partisanship I recollect very well what Col. Watterson said when they means the ne<'essary contests over policies by which the Re commenced to filibuster on that side of the aisle with a motion public must be go\erned. There are no personalties in partisan to adjom·n, and a motion to adjourn to a day certain, alternat ship, and men who meet face to face and discuss different politi ing one motion with the ether, as they could do under the rules cal views are less arbitrary in their views than are those who of the Hou. e as they then existed, as long as a man could stand r eau headline and fear that the House has fallen to a low estate, and make the motion. Watterson said: whe~e party advantage is the one aim and eftort. I shall join in no movement to obstruct the progress of the presi I have seen some changes in partisan policies. When I came dential count. We ha>c had enough of anarchy. here, believing in nationalism, I was impressed with the State [Applause.] rigl1ts doctrines of some of the men on that side, and I re I never shall forget the scene before the electoral count was member a speech by Randolph Tucker of Virginia, in opposi completed, when Speaker Randall rose in his place, when it tion to Randall's bill to loan fifteen hundred thousand dollars wa necessary that action should be had to a point of order to the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition. being made on the motion under the rule, and declared that it Mr. Tucker warned the Hou ~e against stretching the welfare was .a filibuster and dilatory, and that the Constitution pro -clause of the Con titution. He . aid it would be an advertise vided for the count of the electoral vote. He sustained the ment, invH1ng any clever man who had an idea about spend point of order, and then in the House we did have pandemonium ing Government money for the general welfare to come to for some time. [Laughter.] But the count was made. Congress, and it would not be long before we were crowded off So I have found the partisansllip of this House throughout our stools by the lobbyists who wanted to get their hands into these 40 years sometimes warm and vigorous, but largely mixed the Treasury. Mr. Tucker, then, turning to Randall, shouted with patriotism and much common sen e ; no barriers in the a final warning that should that appropriation be made· Chicago center aisle to prevent men from crossing that partisan line, and even Yorktown would some day come for aid to an ex and no prohibition against meeting in the lobby or the· cloak- position. Well, they both came, and many others, and l\Ir. . room and talking it over in PI"ivate. It has been to me a Tucker's son was president of the Jamestown Exposition. pleasant and, I hope, a profitable experience. That is orily an example of some of the changes that have come There are, so far as I know, only four of my colleagues in about the use of Government money to promote the general the Forty-third Congress, which assembled here 43 year ago, welfare. We have had quite a spell of it in the consideration still living. They are my friend and colleague, Gen. SHERwooD, of the Agriculture appropriation bill. on this floor; ex-Senator Eugene Hale, of Maine; ex-Secretary In our partisanship we have not been as keen for party ad of Agriculture James Wilson, of Iowa; and John R. Lynch, of vantage as is often repTesented. There was Gen. Benjamin F. Mississippi. All otbers who sat in that Congress have crossed Butler, who was a stormy petrel of American politics, if we over to the beyond. have had one, and he is remembered as the author of the civil If I sometimes see the face and hear the \Oices of others not rights bill, which caused such a storm of indignation through now here to answer the roll call, I may not be charged with out the South. But Gen. Butler was also the chairman of dreaming, for among these 3,000 men with whom I have been t11e .Judiciary Committee which reported and put through the· associated in legislative efforts and over partisan contests there House the amnesty bill, which removed the political disabilities were hosts of personal friends of whom I never thought as from many thousands of southern men. Republicans or Democrats, except as we discussed different And this leads me to suggest that it was not party advantage policies. These men had their hour on this stage, did their which inspired this side of the House when in control to pass work in their time, as you are doing it now, following in the amnesty bills which in a large measure gave control to that line of precedent; here amending where changes in conditions . ide; nor was it party advantage which led that side when in make it necessary, but not attempting to uproot and reconstruct the majority to propose an electoral commission to find a ju the whole fabric of the people's law. And when I see ghosts in dicial method for settling the great controversy over the Presi this Chamber I am not frightened, ;for they typify the spirit of dency. You lost by that machinery; but it was your own a representative democracy as truly as do the words and works creation, and its creation was inspired by patriotic motives to. of those who laid the foundation of this Government in the save the country from another civil strife. beginning. May I here cast a doubt on another popular fiction in which Who could fear the ghosts of Blaine and Randall? Of old a former Member was the hero? I refer to the story which has _.o\lexander H. Stephens and Hem·y L. Dawes, of Ben Butler and even got into some political historie , that Col. Watterson or George F. Hoar, of Sunset Cox and Tom Platt, of Fernando ganized an army ·of 100,000 stalwart Democrats to march on Wood and William A. Wheeler, of Charles O'Neill and Pig-Iron \Vashington and by force place Mr. Tilden in the White House. Kelley, of Holman and Tyner, of Beck and Blount, of Bland and I have always doubted the correctness of that tory, because Col. Mills, of Jerry Rusk and Philetus Sawyer, of Stephen B. Elkin Watterson was a Membe1; of the House at that time and was and George Q. Cannon, of Ben Hill and Gen. Banks, of Proctor here using his influence and his diplomacy to work out a peace Knott and David B. Culberson, of John H. Reagan and Ran ful solution of that controver y. He was one of the beSt losers dolph Tucker, of Tom Reed and John G. Carlisle, of McKinley I ever saw. When the report of the commission on the Oregon and Frank Hurd, of Nelson Dingley and William L. Wilson, of vote was adopted Col. Watter on made a short speech in which Crisp ·and Henderson, and the hosts of others whose name are he expressed his disappointment over the impending decision familiar to you or to any who know the history of our country? and described the blue-grass region in springtime, where the There are now more great men and more great women in t'be flowers were the signals of God's love and bounty, giving assur United States than there ever have been in the past history of ance that the heavens should not be robbed of their sunshine, the Republic. Soine one asks, "Where are they?" And I an the earth of its fruition, nor the future of hope. swer, They are everywhere, following their vocations; but when That was at the end of February and the beginning of March, necessary, whether it be in Congress or in civil life, or upon 1877. The Democrats thought Tilden was elected and we Re the bench, in the State.legislature; whether it be in diversify publicans thought Hayes was elected. There was a real contest ing the i.J;ldustry of the country and caTrying on the business of at the polls and a real contest as to which was elected. You the country, whether it be following the Vlow dl' working in the 7530 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. l\IA.Y G, machine sho11, there will be found more people capable for self would be impossible to haye another such, and I appreciate it. government and ready to defend the flag than there ever have [Prolonged applause.] been since the discovery of .<\.merica. [Applause.] :MJ<:;SSAGE FROM THE SE~.ATE. Is there humor in the House of llepresentati'\"'es? Yes. The first notoriety I ever obtn.ined in this House and in the country A message from the Senate, by 1\Ir. Waldorf, one of its clerks. wns by the ai 1\.Ir. LINTIDCUM. Mr. Speaker. reserving the right to object, try. I have r_eceived a great many letters r~lative to ·ural-Cl·edits I would like to ask the gentleman if it is the intention to pro legislation. Recently I have been in 1·eceipt of letters from ceed with debate on the bill to-day after the adoption of the rule? farmers with reference to this bill, and every letter I have Mr. GARRETT. It is. received bas been in criticism and opposition to it. The criti Mr. LINTHICUM. What about Monday? cism of the bill is that it creates a great bureau, p1·ovides for a Mr. GARRETT. There is a special order for Monday which large number of high-salaried officials, that will entail an ex was made yesterday afternoon ; and this rule provides, by an pense estimated by the proponents of the bill at 1 per cent ot amendment which has just been agreed to, that the considera· expense in operating the law. This is an enormou charge for tion of the rural-credits bill shall not interfere with the special securing loans. The farmers of Kansas and of 1\li souri, Ne order which was made yesterday. braska, and, I take it, of Arkansas and Oklahoma and of the The SPEAKER. Is there objection? great Northwest are now securing money ·cheaper, in my judg :Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to ob ment, than they can secure it under the provision of this bill and ject, do I understand that after debate on the rule some amend~ in any quantities they desfre, and-- ments to it are to be proposed? Mr. TILSON. WiJl the gentleman yield for a que tion? l\lr. GARRETT. The gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. WINGO] Mr. CAMPBELL. Yes. a ked me to withhold the request for ordering the previous Mr. TILSON. Who pays these expense, the borrowei , or question on the rule for the time being. are the members of this large force to be paid out of the Fed Mr. FITZGERALD. The gentleman controls the time himself. erill. Treasury? 1\Ir. GARRETT. Certainly; and I intend to move the pre Mr. CAMPBEL-L. The bill Pl'Ovides that the force is to be vious question. paid out of the Federal Treasury1 of course. It create a sy tern l\Il'. FITZGERALD. I uggest that the gentleman not have very similar to that of the Federal 1·eserve act. It follows the debate closed by unanimous consent until some one knows lines of that act. My judgment is that it is wholly unneces ary what the propo ed amendment is to be. The gentleman con to e1·eate .a highly organized apd high-salaried corps of officers trol the time anyway. and officials, as are provided for by this bill, in order to ecure 1\lr.. GARRETT. Yes. real rural-credits legislation and provide easier factlitie for 1\lr. MANN. The gentleman can move the previous question securing farm loans. Now, it is stated by man that they can at the end of 40 minutes. support this bill in the hope that it can be made better later on. 1\Ir. GARRETT. Certainly. I desire that gentlemen on the My judgment is that wh:_en you have once e tablished this bur au, Republican side may have 20 minutes. when you have once started these officials with their $10,000 Mr. MANN. If the House should determine not to order salaries, with the corps of officers provided here and there, that the pre\ious question, the gentleman might want to debate the you will nev~r be p.ble to reduce the number or the alary of a ruendmen t. any one of these officials while tbe law x·emain upon the statute 1\Ir. GARRETT. I will change the request. I will yield books, and the law will remain if it is enaeted. I would rather 20 minutes to the gentleman from Kansas [Mr. CA:MPRELL], and see a more siinple and direct method of supplying the country will ask unanimous consent that he may be permitted to yield with money for farm loans than to provide this expensi\e ma out of that 20 minute as he may choose. chlnei.·y that I fear will always be fastened upon the country. I Mr. MANN. He would have that_right anyway. would like to give my support to a rw·al-credits bill tllat .would 1\lr. GARRETT. Then I yield to the gentleman from Kansas bring cheaper money upon longer time to the farmers of the 20 minutes. country. I would rather support a proposition to amend the The SPEAKER. Is the gentleman going to proceed upon the Federal reserve act taking off an the limitation upon national theory that he has an hour? banks, permitting them to loan money upon real e tate security, • Mr. GARRETT. Yes. on farms and urban properties for long periods than to ee this 1\Ir. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, I should like to have the bill enacted into law, !!iving us two great e.."q)ensi\e systems gentleman from Tennessee or some one favoring the bill or the where one would do. rule make an opening tatement. And I have been unable to understand why the Committee 1\Ir. GARRETT. 1\lr. Speaker, I will take pleasure in doing on Banking and Currency and why those in charge of ow· so. This rule is to provide for the consideration of what is financial legislation have not uggested that the national ·bank commonly known as the rural-cre¢lits -bill. It provides that ing law be so amended that the national banks -tbat are now in the first reading of the bill shall be dispensed with; that there existence throughout the country, many of them having farmers shall be not more than six hours general debate, the time to as their directors, as theip presidents; many of them having be controlled by the <>'Emtleman from Virginia [Mr. GLASS] and farmers as the majority of their stoekholders-wby those banks the gentleman from California [Mr. - HAYEs], to be equally are not permitted to take the best ecul'lty in the communities divided between them; that all debate shall be confined to the in which they exist for as long periods as the-y see fit. subject matter of the bill; that while the bill is under consid Mr, RUSSELL of Missouri. Will the gentleman yield? eration the House shall meet at 11 o'clock; and that the bill Mr. CAMPBELL. Yes. hall be in order- on all legislative days except Calendar Mr. RUSSELL of Missow·t. My under tnnding is that the Wednesday with the provision that the special order which Glas bill, pas ed lu t Congress~ provided that national bunk. was made on Saturday for next :Monday· shall not he inter may loan upon real tate. Is not that the fact? fered wit11. It then provides that the bill shall be read under Mr. CAl\lPBELL. It does not provide for farm loans for the five-minut~ ~ule for amendments. There is no limitation longer periods than five years. · placed upon the power to amend. On the completion of the Mr. RUSSELL of Mi ouri. I un u debate " and inserting " the committee amendment shall be the loan. We ha\e in Connecticut a .system of mutual snyingi; read in lieu of the Senate bill and considered section by section," banks. . My impression is there is a very large amount so in so that it will read: vested. The sa\ings banks as a rule pay 4 per cent on those · At the expiration of general uebate the committee amenument shall deposits, and as a rule the loans are made at 5 per cent. It is be read in lieu of Senate bill and considered section by section unller the true not only in e\ery New ·England State, but it is true in five-minute rule, and the Committee of the Whole House on the state New York, and I think the same system obtains in California. of the Union shall perfect- That system ancl the system of trust companies which has like . And so forth. privileges is gradually driving the national banking system to l\lr. LENROOT. It is not the gentleman's understanding that the wall, strange as it may seem. But now I propose by the it shaH be so considered and deprive the House, if it so desires, bill '\\hich I introduced yesterday to allow national banks to . of treating the Senate bill separately? in-vest under the la'\\s of theiL· respecti\e States sa-vings bank 1\lr. GARRETT. No. deposits in sa\ings departments of national banks on first !\fr. LE~ROOT. It is merely to get a section-by-section mortgage real estate loans at lower rates than dis~ount loans of amendment to the substitute? current deposits are now made. l\Ir. GARRETT. It provides that it shall be read in lieu of Mr. LINTHICUM. ·wm th~ gentleman yielU? the Senate bill. I ask unanimous consent that that amendment 1\Ir. HILL. Yes. be agreed to. 1\fr. LINTHICU!\1. I find in my State the savings banks do The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Tennessee not "·ant to loan much on real estate. [l\fr. GA.RRETT] asks unanimous consent that the amendment l\lr. ffiLL. That is undoubtedly true in New York City nnd suggested by him be agreed to. Is there objection? [After a other large cities, where the loans can be made on the moment pause.] The Chair hears none. and collected on the moment on stock-exchange collateral. It is l\1r. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, how much time have I re not so true in country commtmities. maining? 1\Ir. LINTffiCUl\1. I feel that if the savings banks of my The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman has 11 minutes city, Baltimore, in particular, would loan more on real estate remaining. than on bonds, as they are doing, it would be a great help; but l\1r. CAMPBELL. Does the gentleman from Tennessee wish they will not do it. to use some of his time now? 1\fr. RAGSDALE. l\lr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. GARRETT. No; I do not. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the gentleman from Con- .:\h·. IDLI... Will the gentleman yield to me for fiy-e minutes? necticut yield? · Mr. GARRETT. Yes; I will yielcl to the gentleman from · Mr. HILL. . Certainly. Connecticut fiy-e minutes. Mr. RAGSDALE. Does not the gentleman know that one of :Mr. HILL. 1\fr. Speal.:er, I do not know whether I fa\or the great troubles that the banks of the South ha-ve in ta"Jiing this bill or not. During the past two years, while I was not this sort of paper is that they experience so much difficulty in with · ~ou, at the request of the gentleman from Texas [l\Ir. rediscounting it in the North? Now, the banks of the gentle EAGT.E.], I read every word of the testimony taken by the joint man's State do not ha\e that trouble, but in our country man~· committee "'ith reference to this matter carefully.- I ha'\"e not of the banks are dependent on the North at certain seasons of the ha Rules has been to provide a fair method :for the consideration put at the disposal of tile farming community iri excess of $369.- of this legislation. It seems to me it has provided a fair method. 000,000 of their funds, to be loaned on land mortgages for a There can be no objection to it, as it seems to me, and I move the period of not exceeding five years. · previous question on the adoption of the resolution. It has been said that the national banks will not loan these The SPEAKER pro tempore ( 1\{r. HARmsoN). The gentle funds, but that does not affect the propo.sition that the Federal man from Tennessee moves th~ previous question on the adop- reserve act has made these funds, so far as a statutory autbori· tion of the resolution. · zation may do it, available to be loaned on farm mortgages for The previous question was ordered. a period not exceeding five years. No law can compel a bank to 'l'he resolution was agreed to. loan its funds to nnybody, for any purpose, on any character of Mr. GARRETT. Mr. Speaker, one moment before the Chair security, or fo~· any length of time. But we have made it possi declares the House in Committee of the 'Vhole. I ask unani ble for the farming oomm1mity of this country, through organi· mous consent that all gentlemen may have the privilege for 10 zation, to bring such influence and pressure and se1f-interest to legislative days following the conclusion of the consideration of bear on the banking communities as to insure them use of these t.his bill in the House to extend their remarks upon this bill "in funds. the RECORD. Mr. KINKAID. Will the gentleman yield? The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Tennessee 1\Ir. GLASS. No, I do not care to yield; I have only taken asks unanimous consent that all gentlemen may have 10 legis 10 minutes to make a preliminat·y statement In another pro lative days, after the conclusion of the consideration of this vision of the Federal reserve act, that is to ay, the rediscount bill, in which to extend their remarks on the bill in the RECORD. ing provision of the act, we have especially favored the farmLug Is there objection? community of the United States. We have made the period '.rhere was no objection. of maturity for farm pape1.·, for paper u ed in stock transa.c· ti.ons and in all commercial transactions relating to farm pr d· The SPEA.KER pro tempore. Under the rule, the House uds, 100 per cent longer tl1an tbat of commercial paper. We automatically goes into the Committee of the ·whole. have not only done the. e things, but in ~lllother provision of Accordingly the Honse resolved itself into Committee of the the bill we have ma(le it possible for the farmers engaged in 'Vhole House on the state of the Union, with Mr. GARNER in exportation .of the great staple crops of this country, such as the chair. cotton and grain crops, to vealize instantly on their com The CHAIRMAN. The Hol.L'!ie is now in Committee of the mercial transactions through the metlium of bank acceptances• Whole House on the state of the Union for the consideration on the exportation anu importation of goods. So I say tha.t of the bill of which the Clerk will read the title. Congres has alrendy suppliE'd the furrning community of 1he The Clerk read as follows : United Stutes witb a wonderful amount of farm credits. An act (S. 2986) to provide capital for agricultm'a.l development, Nevertheless, I realize that the requirements of the farming to create a standard form of investment based upon farm mortgage, to equalize rates of interest upon farm loans, to furnish a market for commtmity are tlistinctly uifferent from tl1ose of the com United States bonds, to provide for the investment of postal sayings mercial interests of thi ountry. I realize that never has there deposits, to create Government depositaries .and financial agents for been any provision for long-time farm loans, anu never bas the United States, and for other purposes. . there been established this system of amortization payments The CHAIRMAN. Under the rule, the first reading of the bill which the farmers in Europe enjoy and which the far~e1·s in is dispensed with. this country ought to have -and which we propose in thi~ :Mr. GLASS. Mr. Chait·man, by reason of the fact that I was measm•e speedily to give them. chairman of the Joint Committee on Rural Credits created by Therefore I join witll great earnestness my colleagues on the the Sixty-third Congress, and by virtue of the fact that I am Banking an-d Currency Committee jn the effort to Bupply those chairman of the Banking and Currency Committee of the requirements to the farmer . We think \Ye have done it in House, which reported this bill, I have nomillally taken el1arge tlliS bill. of it. That, however, should not imply that I am the chie! I shall not undertal{e to outline the general principles of the proponent or the architect of the bill presented here to-day for bill, although I hoped to do so; but the Committee on Rules, consideration. Quite the contrary is the fact. I had a very contrary to my request, has so restricted the time for general modest part in the deliberations and work of the joint com debate that I did not feel lik.e consuming a large part of it. mittee, and quite as inconsequential a part in the deliberations I am rather disposf' l\lr. Chairman, agriculture is national in its scope, and to that there is any difficulty in maintaining a uniform rate in the sccme a more uniform development farmers must be given a United States, which I do not believe there is, if you had a great more nearly uniform rate of interest and more nearly unifo.rm central bank, the minimum rate would be fixed at the point of terms of loaning than is possible under our pre ent system. greatest difficulty of getting the money rather than upon the Therefore, we propo e to in\oke national authority because i"t is average difficulty of obtaining it. That is to say; the lowest rate only through the exercise of national tlower that the e results for the whole system would be the highest rate which will pre can be secured. YaH under the district plan. Therefore I feel that the proposed Mr. B~ULEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yi eld? plan of dividing the United States into di trict will commend l\Ir. l\fOSS of In ~liana. I have only 30 minutes, and I can not it elf to the judgment of Congress. In each one of the e di trict yield. Not only do we propose to invoke national authoritY. • but a land bank is organized with a minimum capital of $750,000. 'Ye protlose to make this system a separate and distinct system, Th~re will thus be organized 12 land banks, having a combined ha...-ing no connection whatever with existing commercial banks. minimum capital of $9,000,000. Your committee belieYes thi 'Ye commenc-e in the organization of this propo ed system by the . urn to be ample to inaugurate the new ystem anti to gi\e it creation of a farm-loan board, coniposed of three members, to be that sense of secm·ity, stability, and • importance which ,.,..m :rppointed by the Pre iclent of the United States and confirmed enable it to command the confidence of the farmers on the one by the Senate. Not more than two members of this board shall hand and the investing public on the other. be of one political party. General supervisory powers is given The temporary organization is controlled by the Government to the farm-loan board. I shall not go into details of the board's of the United States. Some weeks ago ruy friend from Georgia. duties They are ~iven the power to supervise the rates under [Mr. How.Alln] inserted in the RECORD an elaborate criticism " ·bich bonds shall be sold and loans to farmers made. I heard of the House bill by Charles Hull Davis, of Virginia-and took n wry distinguished Senator at the other end of the Capitol oecasion to say that Mr. Davis 'is-the most expert authority make an argument that the great favors in this bill woul Mr. :MOSS of Indiana. The Jand bank will ultimately sus· acceptable to our farmers that requires them to become liable tain the loss. "rhe borrowers. who own the land bunk, will pro for the debts of one . anotner wit}l.out lim!_t. In order to incor rate the loss by receiving lower dividends on their stock . · pornte the cooperative-·principle in this measure, we have there The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Indron~ fore permitted the would be borrowing farmers to incorporate ha iL gain expired. . them elves into a . corporation, a national farm-loan as ocin l\lr. HAYES. 1\lt. Cllairman, the chairman of the ·Banking tion; sub cribing for the stock 'of the association 5 l)er cent of and Currency Committee has correctly stated that this bill is the amount of their i{)Un. Only those who desire loans can in no sense a partisan me.,'l.Sm·e. It has been a source of great become members of this association. The bill malres each liable satisfaction to me· oo ser\'e upon th~ Joint Committee on Rural ia double the amount ·of his sub criptiou; that is, liable for Credits appointed by the la t Congress' ·and upon the Banking_ the su1 . cription of 5 per cent of the amount of the loan and and Currency Committee during the consideration of this meas liable for a like runotmt, .as stockholders in national banks and ure.. The members of the joint· committee~ as well .as the mem n'3UrJy all subscriber· to stocks nnd corporations in this country ber~ of tbe .Banking a.ntl Cru'l-.ency Committee, have given no are liable. In this way we secm·e a coopet·ative system, but inilication that they have th{)ught of politics in C1lnnecti{)n \\ith with only a limited liability of the members, all the members its .consideration. The members of both committees. have sat of the :a ·sociation being borrowers and all-of thetn subscribers around the board and have brought to the consideration of this to the stock of the association in proportion to the amount of mea. ure tbe be t that they 4ad~ 'Yitllout reference t-o whi-ch si 1\lr. VENABLE. And a joint-stock land bank? l'rfr. POWERS. Before loaning any money, do I understand 1\lr. IIAYES. That is an entirely different system, and I that money has got to be invested in the farm in some sort of ha...-e not spoken of that at all. way, either in stocking or buying? 1\lr. VENABLE. Possibly this question is not at the proper Mr. BAYES. The provision of the bill is thi : That the appli time, and I clo not want to interrupt the gentleman in the con cant must be an owner or about to become an .owner of farm tinnity of his di cus ion. land which he is trying to cultivate or propo ing to cultivate. l\Ir. H.A.YES. Thnt is au- right. Mr. FESS. When this is complete, what will be the legal 1\lr. YENABLE. Is there any difference in the liability of the relation to the Federal reserve bank-that i , what will be th borro'\\er from one of these banks or a sociations and another? relation of the Federal land bank and the Federal re ·er\e-bnnk'? I the liability any different? :Mr. HAYES. No relation ·whatever. 1\lr. HAYES. The gentleman means to ask whether there is 1\Ir. FESS. Two entirely different systems? a different liability to a joint-stock bank and a Federal land Mr. HAYES. Entirely independent systems. bank? Mr. FESS. Can one invest in the other? Mr. VENABLE. Yes, sir. 1\Ir. HAYES. Yes. There is a provision of the bill that the 1\IL'. HAYES. Oh, yes; the liability is quite different. The membErs of the Federal Reserve System may purchase the bomlH joint-stock bank is a private institution and not cooperative and they may be used as security for deposit , and things of tl1U t at a11. · kind, but other than that there is no connection. 1\IL·. VENABLE. That is the point I am getting at. In other 1\Ir. 'VINGO. Referring again to the que tion of competition words, these banks can be competing between the joint-stock banks and the Federal land l>anks, the 1\Ir. HAYES. Yes; they can be. gentleman stated a few moments ago that he doubted if the 1\lr. VENABLE. And what do you think will be the probable joint-stock banks would be able to compete successfully with the effect. for instance, on the Federal land bank of a joint-stock land banks, for tl1e reason that they could not make a profit. association wherein, say, the borrower does not assume the Now, is not this true, that the joint-stock banks will have a snme amount of liability that he does if he borrows from the greater opportunity to niake a profit than the Federal lanll Federal land bank? , banks? Is it not true that the joint-stock banks can issue bond~ 1\lr. HAYES. If you want to know my opinion-and it is to the extent of fifteen times their capital stock? That would give purely a matter of judgment-it is that very few joint-stock them u gross earning on the 1 per cent margin out of which they banks will l>e organized, because they neYer can compete with would pay expenses and dividends of 11) per cent on their capi~ai the cooperative organizations. It. will be impossible for them stock? to make the same rate of interest that the cooperative organiza Now, the experience of other countrie , und the experience of tion.· can make, because they must make profits for their stock concerns of that kind that are already operating in this countt·y. holders, and- in case of the cooperative organization no profits shows that the administrative expenses would be Jes than 1 per need to be made, or, if they are made, they go to reduce the cent. Then, if they went to the maximum of their capacity, is it payments of the borrowers. The rate of interest on the bonds not probable that they will be very profituble institution , be i snetl by the Federal land banks should be much lower than on cause they haYe that margin, and, in addition, there are no . the bon Mr. S~IITH of Idaho. . What provision is made for requiring 1\fr. SMITH of Minnesota. But under the local- associations the borrower to expend the amount borrowed upon his farm all of the initial expense is donated by the members of that rrs in the way of improvements? . sociation. 1\lr. HAYES. He applies to the local association, and it is l\lr. HAYES. Absolutely. made the duty of the secretary-treasurer of that association to 1\Ir. SMITH of Minnesota. No man connected \Ylth the local see to it that the money is spent for the purposes provided in association gets any pay except the secretary-treasurer. the application for the loan. It is his duty to report to the l\1r. HAYES. That is true. land bank any breach of that agreement on the part of any l\lr. Sl\1ITH of Minnesota. He is the onlv o1ie that does not borrower. have to be a member of the association. ~ 1\lr. RAGSD..-U.E. Just as ''"here money is borrowed from a 1\Ir. HAYES. Yes. loan building association the association sees to it that the l\Ir. GLASS. In connection with the question asked by the money is used on that lot? gentleman from Oklahoma, is not the basic principle of the bill :Mr. HAYES. Yes. the sale of the land-bank bonds, and if we should eliminate the l\1r. POWERS. What is the remedy if he does violate the indorsement of the land banks, \"VOuld it not impair the security agreement? of the bonds? Mr. HAYES. The loan is declared due and payable and he 1\lr. HAYES. I doubt if they would be saleable at all. nmy be called upon to pay it at once. l\lr. MORGAN of Oklahoma. How does the indorsement of 1\lr. EMERSON. I listened with much interest to the ques the local association affect the bonds? tion of the gentleman from Oklahoma as to why this loan mat 1\fr. HAYES. Just as the indorsement of the landschaft in ter could not be carried on through the national banks and save Germany makes the bonds saleable. ·n would be impossible to the expense. sell the bonds in the general market without it. 1\lr. HAYES. I do not see that it would save expense. The 1\Ir. MORGAN of Oklahoma. A loan association takes it for national banks could not afford to do it without being paid for the Federal land bank and that is all they have. it. The other banks are paid for it by the people who are the 1\lr. HAYES. They haye the security from the individual bor borrowers, and if any profit comes out of it they get it back, rower and in addition 10 per cent of the amount of his loan. and besides that, the national banks ought not to be mixed up Besides this each loan has behind it the responsibility of all the in making long-time loans to farmers. members of the local association to the extent of 10 per cent of Mr. RAGSDALE. 'Vould it not impair the credit of the na the amount of their loans; second, tile stock :mel surplus of tile tional banks on the part of the depositors by feeling that the Federal land bank; and third, the responsibility of all the other money was not liquid, as it would be if the bank dealt in land banks in the system, making it absolutely certain that ordinary securities? every bond ·issued by this system will be paid, principal and l\Ir. HAYES. Yes; it would impair the safety of the bank. interest. Now, I must in justice to my colleague close. 1\lr. SNYDER. Is it not a fact that the national banks are Mr. EMERSON. 1\Ir. Chairman, before the gentleman con handling the loans of all the farm paper to-day? cludes, will he yield? 1\Ir. HAYES. It is not a fact. lHr. HAYES. Yes. 1\lr. SNYDER. They are in many communities. Mr. EMERSON. As I understand t11e point, in haYing these Mr. HAYES. Well, small banks in the country that are national banks and local banks act as agents it is to snse ex national banks, it is true, may handle long-time farmers' paper. pense? 1\lr. SNYDER. These are not small banks, but thousands 1\Ir. HAYES. Not at all. and thousands of dollars are carried for farmers from year to Mr. EMERSON. Why couhl not the expense be saved? year, and at a very low rate of interest. 1\Ir. HAYES. It would not save any expense. · I can not go 1\Ir. HAYES. Not very. into that matter for I have not the time, but the purpose in 1\Ir. SNYDER. I am of the belief that arrangements could having the agencies provided for in this bill is to proYide oppor be made where this banking business for farmers would be bet tunities to farmers to get loans from tl1is system before local ter carried ~n than in the way proposed. associations are organized. There may be places in the coun 1\Ir. HAYES. I can not yield to the gentleman for a speech, try where farmers will be ,-ery slow to organize into local asso but I can not agree with him. ciations and assume this 10 per cent liability, and in that case 1\fr. BAILEY. I want to ask the gentleman if he has con '"e permit the local banks or farm-mortgage associations, or sidered the possibility of the effect of this measure in the way other like instrumentalities, to act as agents for the farrn-lau Mr. HAYES. These attorneys, clerks, agents, and laborers ment after they have been fully disclosed by actual operation. are to be employed in the office of the farm-loan board here in I believe it is the best bill that can be presented at this time, \Vashington and paid, like any other employees in a bureau, out and I firmly believe that if the farmers will accept it and act of the Federal Treasury, not to be charged up to the borrower upon its provisions and organize these local associations, it will at nil. eome to be the greatest blessing that ever was conferred by the 1\lr. CARAWAY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? Federal Government upon the agricultural communities of this Mr. HAYES. Yes. country. [Applause.] For that reason I am going to support 1\Ir. CARA\V AY. At page 18 it is provided that the secretary the bill, although, as I say, it is not all that I could wish for. treasurer of the local asSociation enters into a bond conditioned, Mr. HASTINGS. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman bas made among other things, upon the prompt collection and payment of such a very comprehensive statement that I wish the gentle interest and principal. I take it, that under the language of man would tell Jt:he members of the committee how a member the bill be and his bond will be responsible for any payment could join a local loan association after one has been formoo. due and unpaid by any member. • Mr. HAYES. He simply makes application to his local a o 1\Ir. HAYES. For negligence-lack of faithfulness in · the ciation for a loan and his application for membership goes with discharge of his duties only. that application for the loan. The loan committee immedintely 1\Ir. SNYDER. In a section of the country where farmers takes it up and the association passes upon the loan. If they are borrowing money now on a basis of 6 per cent for a period accept his loan, then he is accepted as a member of that a~soci of from 1 year to 36 years, how much better off does the gen ation, subject to be eliminated if the land bank afterward re tleman think the farmer of the country would be under this fuses to make the loan. act? Mr. HILL. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. HAYES. Just as much better off as the interest rate is Mr. HAYES. I will. lower. · l\Ir. HILL. Will the gentleman inform me--I do not seem to :Mr. SNYDER. That is what I would like to have the gen find it-whether the bonds issued by the joint-stock bank are tleman's judgment upon. exempt from taxation? l\lr. HAYES. Of course, nobody can tell what interest rate Mr. HAYES. Yes. can be obtained o.n the bonds. They may be before long as they 1\.Ir. HILL. The simple fact is that this farm mortgage is are in Germany. There the landschaft bonds sen at as low construed to be an instrument of the United States? a rate of interest as the Government bonds. and there is no l\fr. HAYES. Absolutely. reason that I can see why these bonds sbouid not sell as low Mt\ HILL. Then I would like to ask this question: Would as 4 per cent. In that case the farmer would get his money, the gentleman believe this Congress had the right to declare as the gentleman from Indiana [l\Ir. Moss] has said, probably that the mortgage bonds of the railroads of the country were at 4! per cent. That is my expectation. If this system works instruments of public utility and -that they should be exempt out-and we hope it will-the ultimate result will be that in from all taxation? · a few years the farmers of the country will get their money at l\Ir. HAYES. I would say to t11e gentleman that I am not a 4! per cent. great constitutional lawyer, and he will have to propound that Mr. SNYDER. I sincerely hope. that will come true. proposition to somebody who knows more about constitutional 1\Ir. FERRIS. 1\fr. Chairman, I hope the gentleman will deal law than I do. The committee has taken the advice of men in with section 15 before he concludes. In reply to a question of" whom they had confidence as lawyers, and they tell us it is the g-E"ntleman from Ohio [Mr. FEss], the gentleman from Cali proper and constitutional for us to exempt the bonds or the fornia admitted that there were times when it would not be mortgages under this system from taxation. feasible to make up these local cooperative associations for Mr. HILL. Take a State where the land is taxed and mort the purpose of borrowing, and I think that will be true all gage bonds are issued under this banking system ; do you think of the time. I do not think that Yvill be feasible at any time, the Federal Government has the right to make them free from myself, but, inasmuch as the gentleman bas conceded that in taxation in Connecticut when my State taxes them? certain cases it would be, I want to know whom, under sec 1\Ir. HAYES. I think there is an equity in it. lt would be tion 15, you could get to indorse this paper? inequitable to the farmer to permit his mortgage instrument, Mr. HAYES. If' the gentleman is asking my opinion, I will representing a percentage of the value of his land, to be taxed say frankly to him that I do not think there is much in that in some otl1er locality when his land has already been taxed at provision. its full value in the State where located. Mr. FERRIS. I do not either. What is it in there for? l\.Ir. HILL. Then this bill practically renders invalid taxa 1\Ir. HAYES. Because some gentlemen wanted it there, and tion in every State where the tax is now imposed. the rest of us could see no harm in it, and we let it remain. Mr. SIMS. In every State where they tax these ponds they Mr. GLASS. May I not say it was in there not because the certainly will not be sold, because there is a market where they committee believed there were any farming communities that are untaxed; so they would not go there. . would not organize any of these associations, but that one mem Mr. HAYES. I think so. ber of the joint committee did believe that there might be some Mr. GLASS. Will my colleague use some more of his time? communities who would not, and asked to safegtiard us against Mr. HAYES. l\.Ir. Chairman, I yield 30 minutes to the gen- the possibility. · tleman from Oklahoma [l\Ir. MoRGA.N] . . How much time have Mr. FERRIS. But what benefit can you get under a provi I consumed? sion which everybody admits will not accomplish anything? The CHAIRMAN. Sixty-two minutes. l\Ir. GLASS. That is not the case; everybody does not admit Mr. MORGAN of Oklahoma. l\lr. Chairman and gentlemen it. It was put in-- . of the committee, I can not in a 30-minute talk discuss t.he Mr. FERRIS. I have never found any banking institution important propositions in this bill. I haYe some very positive or any other institution that had that affection and generosity views on the questions involved. I . do not agree with other so that they would be willing to indorse other people's paper- gentlemen who I know have given great study to . this ques Mr. HAYES. They get paid for it. tion and who I know are equally as sincere ana honest in their Mr. FERRIS. Even so, there is no use putting it in when-- views as I am in mine. There are quite a number of changes 1\fr. HAYES. But I am not sure that"it would not be valu- that I would like to make in this bill, but I can only discuss a able in some parts of the country. few of theDL I may be able to discuss really only one. So I Mr. MOSS of Indiana. Will the gentleman permit? will begin my talk by stating what I think should be the first l\Ir. HAYES. I will. thing eliminated from this bill, namely, section 16, which author Mr. MOSS of Indiana. There were several statements that izes the c1·eation of joint-stock banks. I believe that we should I wanted to correct, but I should now like to make this state create but one system of banks in starting out with our system ment : That there are now 11.,000 cooperative business organiza of land credits in thiS Nation. If the joint-stock bank shall tions among the farmers of the United States, and last year be created and organized and have begun the business of issu they did a business exceeding $1,400,000,000, and that statement ing bonds, running for 36 years, they will always remain a was made before the Committee on Agriculture of the House, part of our system. It is a matter of conjecture, of course, us and people generally do not seem to understand the extent of to how many of these banks will be· organized and what' amount this cooperative business. of business they will do, but once organized and doing business l\Ir. LA FOLLETTE. \Vill the gentleman yield? they will remain a part of our land-credit system for centuries l\Ir. HAYES. I am sorry I ean not. Mr. Chairman, in eon to come. elusion I want to say that this biTl is not all that I would have I wish to present some arguments against the creation of it. There are many things lacking in it that I should like to joint-stock banks as instruments to provide the farmers of the see in it. · There are some things in it that I should like to United States with land credit. As inh·oductory to the discus4 see out of it; but its imperfections can be corrected by amend- sion I present the following propositions: !:91G. ·OONGRESSION AL RECORD-ROUSE. 7545 First. Private 'banking corporations organized for -gain, con ever, in any manner control lthe JOint-stock banks, but would ·ducted -for ·profit, managed in the ;interest of shareholders, merely :supervise them. The 'Federal 1and banks are given no '\Those Chief concern must be in the receipt oi: dividends and choice in the -selection of territory in which they shall do bu i clothed with power to levy unjust tribute upon both borrowers ness. The owners of joint•stock "banks are rree to select the .and lenders, ·should not be made Government instrumentalities 'State a.s wen ·as tbe county in which they shall do business . to act as midtnemen 'between farmer and investors and, 'by Under the pro>isions of the joint committee bill the 12 Federal national authority, Clothed -with power 'to levY unjust tribute land banks are restricted in the purposes for which they may on both borrower and lenders. make ·loans. The .money loaned by ihem must be used for cer econd. The joint-stock banks will neither ~arge land-credit taln ]>urposes orily. Joint-stock banks may make loans wholly facilities for the farmers of the United States nor augment without regard to the use or uses whic'h borrower ·ball make of the amount of creilit at their ~ommano. the proceeds of the loan. Persons borrowing of the 12 Federal Tl1ird. The creation of :Joint-stock banks to do business in ·land banks must reside upon ·the land mortgaged to ecure the conjunction with the 12 Federal land banks will increase the loan. No 'SUch ·requirement is maae of borrowers from joint average rate of interest pa'ia on ·faTm mortgages ·by •the fa:rm stock hanks. · ·erR of tthe United ·States. After the most careful study t11at I could give this question, Fom·th. The joint-stock banks will largely increase the total I :have concluded that in organizing our system of land credits amount paid by the farmers of the United 'States as administra for the farmers of this Nation we hould not create pri>ate, ion expenses of the land-credit Institution . prafit-shari"ng, surplus-creating, di\'ideni1-paying, land-credit Fifth. The creatian of joint-stock ·banks will largely increase banks. It is true, .as the gentleman says, that ·aermnny ha.s joint the amount of money expended by 'the United States in fhe stock banks. Tbere are 37 of them in German-y. But the joint .super-dsion 'of om· land-crellit =mstitutions. stock bnnks of Germany were not intended •primm.11y as farm S irth. The ·creation of joint-stock "banks will make our lana mortgage banks. They were designed mainly f-or lonns on urban credit institutions less .Secure ana increase the danger of loss to ·property, and have been largely -so u1;ed. Only 6 pe'l· cent of the J.nve-stor .. -husine!' of tbese ·banks consists of loan on farm lands. Seventh. With joint-stoCk banks oJ:')erating in conjunction with :Mr . .1\IOSS of Indiana. Will the gentleman)ield for a moment? the 12 Federal land banks there can not be standar<.1ization in 1\lr. MORGAN of Oklahoma. 1 . will be glad to siel 1\lr. GLASS. Wll th~ gentleman yield to me for. a. quesUon? between_the two systems, and it one joint-stock bank does not Mr. MORGAN of Oklahoma~ r shall be glad to yield to the ha.ve as good credit they must sell. their bonds at a higher rate distinguished chairman of tbe committee~ ' of interest. That destroys· the credit. of both institutions. 1\Ir. Gk\SS. Can the gentleman cite any banKing system in There- is stili. more than that. Here is one joint-stock bank any civilized country of the earth that. does not make restric perhaps with a capital of $250,000, and another with a pos tions on the l,l.Ses to which· its loans may be put? sible capital of $10,000,000. A joint-stock bank in New Mexico l\Ir. 1\IORGA.N" of Oklahoma.. The landschaften of Germany, with $250,000 capital will not have as good a credit as the joint do. not. · stock bank in.. Ohio with $'!0,000,000. But when you put banks Mr. GLASS. Do not make restrictions? in competition with each. other in selling their bonds you are 1\Jr ~fORGAN of Oklahoma. No, sir. putting. the farmers into competition with each other. l\IJ•. GLASS; Do they not say for. what purpose the man sfiall Mr. LA FOLLE'rTE. Will the gentleman yield? usc .lJis money? Mr. MORGAN of· OTdahoma. Yes. Mr. MORGAN of. Oklalioma. No. 1.\.fr. L_.o\ FOLLETTE. The gentleman from Massachusetts l\h'. GLASS. On the contrary, the Ianaschaft advises itself said that the joint-stock bank could not sell a mortgage for •ery particularly about the habits, about the.Iiousehold expendi over 5 per cent. tures, and about everything. thut affects the credit of the appli l\Ir. PHELAN. Oh, no; r did not say that. · I said that the cant for a. loan. · joint:stock.. ba~s could not issue a bond with. a higher rate l\Ir. MORGAN of Oklahoma. The gentleman. is mistaken. It than 5" per cent, and the difference between the bond and the will be easy to settie that before we get tb.rough ·with the con mortgage- rate could not be in excess of 1 per cent. sideration of tills· bill. I will get my authorities, and I hope the 1\f'r. LA. FOLLETTE. I can not find anything here that they gentl em.an will get Iiis ; ·and if the Ut.ndschaften and the general can not is ue a bond at a higher rate than 5 per cent. loan institutions of Europe-tlie land-credit institutions-make :Mr. PHELAN: I am not talking about what they charge; I these re ·trictions, I shall be glad to know it.. Of course, there am talking about the· rate of the bond that is in the bill: are certain banks that are created for certain specific, definite 1.\fr. MOllG""AN of Oklahoma. r say that you are introducing purpose , and they loan only for those pur)2oses ; but the land- a variety of conditions· throughout every depaL-tment of the two c11aft, the credit foncier, and the princi~al land-credit in systems, but who is to get the benefit out of that? Certainly stitutions of Europe do not make restrictions in.. the use of.. their not the farmer. We must remember that the farmers will be loans, and I can show it before L get through with this bill. the ones that will ha\e to pay au· the expen es. A little capital • Ir. GLASS. Doe.s the· gentleman think there is a National of $250,000 will be put in in these joint-stock oanks, and it will or State: bank in the. United States that does- nor advise itself of not go in until a sured of proper dividend& Who pays the the purposes 'for which borrowers seek. their lmm.s? · dividends? The bonowers pay them, as- they are the ones who l\Ir. l\IOHGAN of Oklahoma. When I go to a bank to borrow pay fo1- the business they are to transact. It is not costing m.oney ·on my [)ersonal c1·edit, they have a right to know some the men wlio own the capital a: cent, but this is· all contributed thing about what I am going to do with the money; but when by the farmers. They ar~ the ones \Vho are interested and · I . ay, "Here Js a HiO-aere farm worth $1.0,000, and I want sh(}uld be considered when we come to security of land institu '3,000 on it," there is the security, and it is the security that tions· for the farmers of the United States: they are asking for-- · Mr. RAGSDALE. -WJU the gentleman yield? 1\fr. l\1ADDEN. Will the gentleman Jield for a qpestion? Mr. l\IORGA.N of Oklahoma. Yes. l\Jr. MORGAN- of .OklahomaL I yield. to the gentleman from 1\fl~r RAGSDALE. There was a question asked as. to a re Hlinoi . striction of the interest. rate. On page 101, section 3, it state~ l\fr. 1\IADDEN. Does the gentleman contend. that. when he the rate. of interest charged for such. loan shall not excee 6 give. security to a bank that does- not protect them in the mak- per cent per annum. in~ of the loan? · Mr. MORGAN of Oklahoma. Now, I. want to come to one Mr. :M:ORGAN. of Oklahoma. I. do not quite. understand the other point because I can not spend all of my time on joint O'entleman. - stock banks. I believe if every man: in thiS' House fully· under M.r. MADDEN. L understood the gentleman a moment ago to stood the interest of the farmers of the United States it would make the statement that when he went to a bank with s~curity strike that pJtovision out. You remember at the close of the they had a. right to inquire what he was· goii;tg to· do with-the last session· o:f the Sixty-third Congress a bill was brought in money. providing.. fm.: two systems of banks, as: we- ha:ve here to-day. Mr. MORGAN of Oklahoma. I . said on my personal security. The gentleman f:r'om 0~ Mr. Buckley, not a Member of the If. you go there with bonds, or some collateral that you. prOJ!ose Honse at tbe present time, moved to· strike. from the bill the to put up, they do not care what you are going to do with the joint-stock land provision. .After full and COffiillete discussion money, because they ha:ve the collateral. · tm House went on reco:r:d against the provision for joint-stock 1\lr. MADDEN. Does:- not the gentleman think they have the banks by a large vote, and so· it should on this. I know and sa.me right to inquire if you.. go there with a farm as security? I have great respect for my friend· from Indiana [l\!r. 1\Ioss]. 1'111:. MORGAN of Oklahoma. I do not think S{)~ Now;. I want He has given a. great deal of study to this question. He- is to touch uporr another J!r<>position. I believe that, in so far as hone t in his views,. but I can.. not agree with him. [Applause.] we can., we ought to have not only equar credit facilities.. but The CH...-'liRl\.IA...~. The time of the.. gentleman from Oklahoma uniform rates of interest throughout the country. Unde:r this h~e~rroo. ' 12 federated bank& system I believe: yolL get practically a Mr. GLASS. 1\lr. Chairman I yield five minutes to. the gen uniform r.ate of: interest throughout. this country, because these tleman...from Alabama [Mr. IlEFLI!'ll. hanks are tied! together~ They are responsible for each other's bonds, and that will give them equal credit and equal rates of [i\lr. HEFLIN addressed the committee. See Appendix.] interest. In other words, the South will get the same rate o.f 1\Ir. PL... mortgage. This prov1s10n now which comes in here from the sas and stop,Ped _along in Mississippi County. . It is as leYel as a Senate provides for 60 per cent of the value of the farm to be barn floor and the soil is black as the proverbial black hat. lonned upon a mortgage, plus 20 per cent of the value of the There were not only rods but miles of beautiful crops growing buil would make. He makes a pretty good Congressman.· [Ap · Mr. MANN. The time has been fixed by the House. l11nuse.] Mr. SMITH of Michigan. This report says: Mr. 'VINGO. , Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? The banker does not like to tie his demand deposits up in long·term 1\Ir. SMITH of Michigan. Yes. loans; his commercial customers, who carry a substantial line of de :'\11'. WINGO. Of course there are soh1e farmers that belong posits, have the first claim. These excuses are well founded. to e1e class that the gentleman de8cribes. [Laughter.] ~ll·. SMITH of Michigan. Oh, I beg the gentleman's pardon. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Michigan I ay that aU farmers who can qualify under this bill come under has again expired. - that class. Every such farmer that comes to the bank and Mr. SMITH of 1\fichigan. All I want to say is that the hearts applies for the money can get the money. of the directors of country banks are not hard. I wish I hnd time Mr. WINGO. Of course the gentleman is not familiar with to tell you more about that r eport. I thank you. [Applause.] . the farmers all over the United States. There is not any ques Mr. GLASS. ~r. Chairman, I move that the committee do tion but there are some portions of this country that are unde now rise. Yeloped and-- The motio.n was agreed to. Mr. SMITH of 1\Iichigan. Yes; and they will not come under Accordingly the committee :rose; and the Speaker having re this bill. - sumed the chair, Mr. GARNER, Chairman of the Committee of the Mr.· WINGO. An That the House recede from lts disB.greement to the amend with the terms of an act extending the period of pa·yment under ments of the Senate numbered 1, 5, 9, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 2{), 21, 22, reclamation projects, approved August 13, 1914 {38 Stat. L., 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 33, .39, 46, 48, 50, -51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 58, 60, 61, 62, p. 686) : And provided further, That said project shall only be 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 76, 80, 81, 85, 86, 89, w, 93, 94, 96. 98, undertaken if ·the Secretary of the Interior shall be able to 99, 101, 103, 104, 106, 107, 109, 111, 112, 114, 115, 121, 122, 125, make or provide for what he shall deem to be satisfactory ad 126~ 128, 130. 131. 134. l36, 138, 139, 140, 141, 143, 144, 145, 148, justments of the rights to the water to be diverted by said 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, and 155, and agree to the same. diversion dam or carried in canals, and satisfactory arrange Amendment numbered 2: That the House recede from its dis ments for the inclusion of lands within said project and the agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 2, and purchase of property rights which he shall deem necessary to agree to the same with an .amendment as follows: In line 7 of be acquired, and shall determine and declare said project to be said amendment strike out the word " the " and insert in lieu feasible!' - thereof the word "Indian," and in line 8 of said amendment And the Senate agree to the same. strike out the word " the '' and insert in .lieu thereof the word Amendment numbered 36: That the House receue from its " such " ; and the Senate agree to the same. disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 36, ~md .A.memlment numbered 7 : That the House recede from its agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu .of disagreement to the amendment of the .Senate numbered 7, and the matter proposed insert the following: agree to the .same with an amendment as follows : In line 1 of " For extension of the Ganado irrigation project on the 8aid amendment strike out the word "to" and insert in lieu Navajo Indian Reservation in Arizona for the irrigation of ap thereof the following: " .$5,000 of which shall" ; and the Senate proximately 600 acres of land in addition to the area to be irri agree to the .sam.e. gated by said project, as authorized in .section 2 of the act of Amendment numbered 10 : That the House recede from its August 24. 1912, $20,000 ; and for maintenance and operation of disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 10, .and the project, $3,000; in all, $23.,000, reimbursable and to remai:q. agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In lieu of available until expended.» the amendment proposed insert the following : " Provided fur And the Senate agree to the same. th er, That not more than $200,000 of the amount herein appro Amendment numbered 37 : That the Rouse recede from its priated may be expended for the tuition of Indian children en disagreement to the amendment of the Senate number-ed 37, and rolled in the public schools " ; and the Senate agree to the same. agree to the same with an amendment as follow : 1n line 16 of Amendment numbered 14: That the House recede from its said amendment strike out the figures " 15,000" and insert in disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 14, and lieu thereof the follo\vln Chippewa Indians in the State of Minnesota"; and the Senate shaH be placed to the credit of the tribe and be available for such agree to the same. e~'D n Amendment numbered 87: That th~ House recede from its dis to the credit of the Klamath Indians of the State of Oregon, ancl agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 87, and use the same for the construction of a bridge across the 'Villiam~ agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu of the son River, on the Klamath Indian Reservation, Oregon, under matter proposed insert the following: such rules and regulations as he may prescribe." "For support and education of 350 Indian pupils at the Indian And the Senate agree to the same.· . school at Santa Fe, N. 1\fex., and for pay of superintendent, Amendment numbered 124: That the Bouse recede from its $59,550 ; for general repairs and. improvements, $6,000 ; for disagreement to tl1e amendment of the Senate numbered 124, and ·water supply, $1,600; for the construction of an assembly hall agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu of the and gymnasium, $25,000; in all, $92,150." matter proposed insert the following: " $67,500: P1·ovided, That And the Senate agree to the same. the unexpended balance of $1,607.44 appropriated by the act ap Amendment numbered 95: That the House recede from its dis proved August 1, 1914, for repairing buildings and replacing agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbere? 95, and equipment destroyed or damaged by the tornado of June 10, 1914, agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In lieu of the at Flandreau Indian School, S. Dak., is hereby reappropriated mntter proposed insert the following: and made immediately available for the purchase and installa "For support and education of 220 Indian pupils at the Indian tion of a water tank and the purchase of dairy cattle for s:ti safe-keeping of individual Indian moneys, to be paid over, to No. 21. Permits the partition of an allotment of a decea ed gether with the interest thereon, to the party or parties who Indian regardless of competency of heirs. ::;hall finally be adjudged to be entitled to such fund: Provided, No. 22. Permits extension of trust period specified in patent to That the consent of the State or parties claiming title therefrom incompetent heirs if necessary. be obtained before any such sale shall be made." No. 24. When an Indian allottee by reason of old age or in And the Senate agree to the same. capability can not personally occupy their allotment that is u - Amendment numbered 156 : That the House recede from its ceptible of irrigation, the Secretary of the Interior may, in hi di agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 156, and discretion, lease said allotment for a term not to excee No. 71. Appropriates $100,000 (reimbursable) for continuing No.140. Corrects section number. construction of the irrigation systems on the Fort Peck Indian No. 141. This amendment is intended to provide an appropria Reservn tion, Mont. tion to pay certain members of the Stockbridge and l\Iunsee No. 76. Corrects section number. Tribe of Indians enrolled under the act of 1\larch 3, 1893 ( 37 No. 80. Is a reimbursable appropriation of $30,000 to pay Stat. L., 744), the amount of payments made prior to their re drainage assessments and grant right of way fm· location of spective em·ollments. Section 6 of the act of February 6, 1871, drainage ditches on lands belonging to Omaha and Winnebago provided for the determination of the persons who were mem Indians in Dixon, ·wayne, and Thurston Counties, Nebr. bers of the Stockbridge and l\lunsee Tribe and their future No. 81. Corrects section number. relations to the Government. Two rolls were prepared, one con No. 85. Corrects section number. taining Indians who it was thought desired to separate their rela No. 8G. Adds the words "in the vicinity of," so that addi· tions from the tribe and become citizens and the other those who tional land either adjoining or in the vicinity of may be pur desired to retain their tribal character and remain under the chased ns n school farm for the Indian 3chool at Albuquerque, guardianship of the Government. It subsequently appeared that N. 1\Iex. some of those Indian who were placed on the first roll did not No. 89. Corrects section number. desire to sever their relations with the tribe, and they were again No. 90. Corrects section number. enrolled under the provisions of the act of 1\.Iarch 3, 1893 ( 37 No. 93. Corrects section number. Stat. L., 744-745). No. 94. l\Iakes the appropriation of $4,000 for sinking wells No. 143. In order to train Indians in the use and handling and improving the water system at the Fort Totten Indian of money, not exceeding $25,000 of the appropriation allowed School, North Dakota, immediately available. may be paid them per capita or deposited in some bank for No. 9G. Authorizes the Secretary of the Interior from time to their use and benefit under such rules as the department may time within his discretion to withdraw from the Treasury money prescribe. derived from sale of surplus lands and any interest tbereon No. 144. That no lands of the l\Ienominee Indians in Wiscon accrued belonging to the Fort Berthold Indians in North Dakota sin shall be cleared for agricultural purposes, excepting such and distribute same per capita, or where any Indian is incom lands as have been heretofore completely cut over. petent said slmre may be withheld and deposited in some bank No. 145. ·Amends the act of l\Iarch 28, 1908, by permitting the and use No. 41. Increases the number of pupils, also appropriation for school facilities among the different Sioux Tribes of Inuians care of said increase allowed, and permits the purchase of addi- ' and to report t<> Congress on orlbefore JanuO.I'Y 1, 1917. tlonal land for sChool farm at the Indian school in Greenville, No. 129 Makes the appropriation of $9,000 to pay a propor- Cal. · tionate share for the ~ constructi€ln of a highway or wagon road No. 42. 1\Iakes the I appropriation for improvement and con- through the Kaibab Indian Re5ervati'On, UtaJ1, reimbursable. struction of roads on the Yuma Indian Reservation in California No. 132. Authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to withdraw reimbursable. , $1,000 from the tribail funds now in the. Treasury to the creuit ..~.ro. 47. AUthdrizes the Secretary of the Interior to withdraw of Indians in Utah and use the same to p1·otect abutment of the from .the tribal funds on deposit in the Treasury to the credit of bridge at fyton, Utah. the Potawatomi Indians the sum of $10,000 for the construction No. 137. Authorizes SecretarY! of the Interior to ell not to of n .bridge lacross the Big and Little Soldier Creeks on their exceed 20 acres of land on the north side and within the limits said reservation. of the abandoned F<1rt Spokane Military Reservation, Wash., No. 55. Strikes from the bill the entire paragraph. that will not be needed for hospital purposes, and place the No. 57. Strikes from the bill the words "Keewaton Academy, proceeds i:m. the Treasury to the. credit of the Spokane Indians. Wisconsin."' No. 142. ·An appropriation of $5,000 to purcha e dairy cattle No. 59. 1ka1..--es the ~nexpended balance of $3,436.03 available for the Indian school at Oneida, I Wis for paymerlt of expen$es incurred in preparing a roll of the In- No. 146. Provioes that the Searetary of th Interior may sell mans within the White Earth Reservation, Minn. the timber on the so-called " sChool lands n and " swamp land " No. 65. Provides for sale of timber on lands of the Red Lake within the Bad River and Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservations Indian Reservation outside of the forest reserve created by in Wi con.ffin, and to which there•is a disptJtcd claim, and to hold amerrdl:nent No .. 61. I the money' derived therefrom udtil it is ascertained to whom it No. 72. Decreases the reimbursable appropriation for con- belongs. I tinning construction df the irrigation systems on the Blackfeet No. 156 ~ Requires the Secretary of the Inte1·ior to submit Inclian Reservation, 1\lont., from '$50,000 to $25)000. annually to Cong1·es~ a certairl detailed statement as to up- No. 74. The work to be done on the irrigation projects on the propriatiOJ)s and disbursement~ of tribal funds belonging to Blackfeet, Flathead, S:nd Fort Peck Indian Reservations, Mont., Indians. ! · I may be dorle by the Reclamation Service with plans approved by No. 157. , Provides iihat the B reau of Efficiency shall submit Indian Bur'enu, and autho-rity is also given that a limited amount a system <1f bookkeeping and actounting for the Indian Bureau of . aid ap}!Jropriation may be u ed for purchase of motor ve- in order t~at the Secr~tary of the Interior may meet the require- hicles, horses, and horse-drawn vehicles. ments of existing law. No. 75. That the Secretary of the Interior shall asse s the The follkwing tahlE! shows the rununnts 'Carried in the bill a chaf·ge for cost of ir.Jfigation projects as mentioned in amend- it passed 1lhe House, the- Senate and as agreed to by your con ment No. 714 against the persons· who own the land and are re- ferees, and is exclusive of ammmts tl'ppropriated out of trust ceiving benefit of said system. funds belohgtng to the Indians: I No. 78. An appropri:ation of $~500 for repairs on the Govern ment bridge across the Niobrara !River in Nebraska. Item. Passe:i Passed .Agreed in No. '79. Corrects total. House. Senate. conference. No. 82. increases the number of pupils at the Indian School, , J I Carson Citkr, Nev., anti provides ifor their care. Surveying anti allotting Indian reserva- No. 83. 1.0 appropriation of $i5,000 to purchase homes, farm tions,reim.Uursable ...... ------·--·-- 100,000.00 $100,000.00 $100, 000. OJ sites, water rights, and aid to nonreservation Indians ·in Nevada, Irrigation, liidian reservations, relm- 244 700 00 also provides that no part of sai Passed Passed Agreed in Passed Passed. Agreed in Item. House. Senate. conference. Item. House. Senate. conference. (ARIZO:-l.\. AND NEW llfEXICO-Cont.) NEVADA. lnvestig:J.tion, Gila River, erosion, etc , Support of Indians in Nevada, gratuity. $18, 500. 00 $l8,500. 00 $1R,500. 0) gratuity ...... Sl5,000.00 SlO,OOJ.OJ Indian school; Carson City, Nev., gra- Bridge a<.:ross Little Colorado River, re- tuity-- ... -- -- . -... -.... -.- . -.. - -- -... . 60, 760. 00 89,100.00 62,430.0) imbursable...... $l5,0Ga.OJ 15,000.00 15,00J. 00 Home and farm sites, Nevada Indians, Construatian additional sp:ms, Gila gratuity ...... 15,000.00 15,000.0J River, gratuity...... 11, 00). OJ 17,000.0[) 11,oro. oo Presorration and repJ.ir, Pueblo ruins, Ir~~i~~~s~l!~~~- ~~~- ~~~~~~~~~~~. 30, 000. 0) 30,000.00 30,000.0:> gr.:ttuity ...... _...... 3,000. 00 3,00J.I)() Land and water rights, Washoa Indians, gratuity ...... ------.... 15,000. 0\l 15, 000.00 15, OOJ. OJ CAUFORNL\.. NEW MEXICO. Supp~r t of In1iam in C.1li~ornia , gratuity 42,000.00 42,000.00 42,ooo.ro Purch~se of lands for landle:;s Indians, Indian school, Albuquerque, N. :Uex., gratuity ...... 10,00J.OJ 30,000.00 10,000.0) gratuity...... 97,400.00 97,400.00 97,40!>. 0) Indian school, Riversid~Cal., 'jiatuity .. 129,50J.OJ L?9,500.00 129,500.0) Indian school, Santa Fe, N. Mex., gra- Irrigating allotments, uma eserva- tuity...... ·--- .... -- ...... 67,150.00 103,6.:>0. 00 92,150. OJ tion, reimbursable ...... 10, 00J.OJ 10,000.00 10,000.0) Counsel for Pueblo Indians of New Indian school, Fort Bidwell, Cal., grat- 2,000.00 2,000.0) 2, 000.0) uity... -... -...... -.. ---- .... -.. -..... 21,80J.OJ 21,800.0[) 21,80J.{}J n~:~~;i, t!s~V~i-d.~- ijtiiioiiai ·Park io· Indian school! Greenville, Val., gratuity. 21,6-30. OJ 34,400.00 26,400.0:> Gallup, N.Mex., gratuity ...... 15,000.00 54,00).00 15,000.0) Roads and bndges Yuma Reservation, Cal., reimbursable ...... 10,000.00 10,000.00 NEW YORK. Fulfilling treaties with Senecas, New FLORTDA. York, treaty ...... 6,000.00 6,000.0:1 6,000.0) Fulfilling treaties with Six Nations, New Support of Seminoles in Florida, reim- York, treaty ...... 4,500.00 4,500.00 4,500.0) bursable ...... •.• 8,000.00 5,000.00 8,000.00 NORTH CAROLINA. IDARO. Indianschool,Cherokee,N. C.,gratuity.. 36,000.00 36,000.00 36,00J.OJ Support of Indians, Fort Hall Reserva- Bridge, Ocona Lufty River. gratuity ...... 15,00:1.00 (I) tion Idaho, gratuity ...... 30,000.00 30,000.00 30,000.00 School for North Carolina Indians, gra- Maintenance, etc., Fort Hall irrigation tuity...... 50,000.00 (I) syste-n, reimbursable ...... 25,000.00 35,000.00 25,000.00 Maintenance, school for North Carolina Fulfilling treaties with Bannocks, Idaho, Indians, gratuity...... 10,000.00 (1) treaty...... 5,000. 00 .5,000.00 5,000.00 Fulfilling treaties with Cceur d' Alenes, ~ORTH DAKOTA .• treaty...... 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,_()00. 00 SupportofSiouxofDevils Lake, N.Dak., KANSAS. gratuJty ...... 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,00J.0) Support of Indians, Fort Berthold Indian school, Lawrence, Kans., gra- .Agency,N. Dak.,gratuity ...... 15,000.00 15,000.00 15,000.0) tuity...... 140,250.00 148,250.00 148,250.00 ..Indian school, Kickapoo P.'3Ser.ation, s~~~~~~l~flW~~: ~~=~~ ~~~~~. 11,000.00 11,000.03 ll,OOJ.OJ Kans.,gratuity...... 16,860.00 16,860.00 16,860.00 Indian school, Bismarck, N. Dak., gra- Bridge~, Pottawatoml Reservation, tuity...... -- .. - 56,175.00 56,175.00 56,175.0) Kans., gratuity ...... 10,000.00 (I) Indian school, FortTotten,N. Dak.,gra- tuity...... -... -... -...... ---- .. 82,500.00 82,50J.OO 82,50J.0) LOUISIANA. Indian school, Wahpeton, N.Dak., gra- tuity...... 40,200.00 66,5!0.00 63,5!0.0) Purcha~e of lands for Chettimanchi In Redemption mortgage, Starr McGillis, dians, gratuity •...... •....•. 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500. 00 reimburf)able ...... -...... 1,500.00 1,500.0J Reimbursing Benson County (insane li!JCHIG~"f. Indians), ~ratuity ...... -. 1,497.44 1,497. 44 Headstone,Sca.rletCrow, gratuity ...... 100.00 10J.OJ Indian e~hoo1, Mount Ple:lsant, Mich., gratuity...... i3,450. 00 i3,450.00 73,450.00 OKLAHOMA. Reimbur ~ ement Joseph Bradley, gra- tuity ...... 250.00 250.00 Support of Wichitas and affiliated bands, gratuity.:-- ...... -... 5,000.00 5,000. 00 5,000. 0) MlNNESOTA. Support of Cheyennes and Arapahoes, Oklaho~gratuity...... 35,000.00 35,000.00 35,000.00 Indian school, Pipestone, Minn., gra- Support of J:UJ.nsas Indians, gratuity.. . . 1,500. 00 1,500.00 1,500.0) tuitv...... 61,675.00 64,675.00 64,675.00 Support of Kickapoo Indians, gratuity.. 2, 000. 00 2,000.00 2,000.()-J Support of Cruppewas of the Mississippi, Support of Poncas, gratuity...... 8, 000.00 8,000.00 8,()();).0() 4 00 4,000.00 4,000.00 Indian school, Chllocco~Okla., gratuity. 93,250.00 93,2.:i0.00 93,250.03 E!%W~e!rifwi6 ·:E'ar"tii atioiioos; gra: · ' ooo. Fulfilling treaties with rawnees, treaty.. 47, 100. 00 47,100.00 47,10:>.0:> tuity- -- .. -. -... -- .. --- . -- . -.... -...... -.- ....••. 5,000.00 5,000.00 Support of Quapaws+.treaty...... 1,500. 00 1,500. 00 1,50).03 Purchase land for .rort Sill Apaches, MlSSISSIPPI. gratuity...... --- -· ------· -· · · .. · 40,000.00 (2J Inve3tigation condition Mississippi In- FIVE CIVILIZED TRIDE9. dian~. gratuity ...... 1,000.00 1,000.00 Administration affairs of Five Civilized MONTANA. Tribes, gratuity...... 175,000.00 18.3,000.00 l85,0::JO.OJ Probate attorneys, Five Civilized Tribes, Support ot Indians of Fort Belknap Res- gratuity...... 85,000.00 85,000.00 85,000.00 ervation. Mont., gratuity..•.. : ...... 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 Cherokee Orphan Training School, Support of Indians of Flathead Agency, gratuity...... -- ... -...... 40, 000. 00 40,000.00 40,000.03 Mont., gratuity ...... 14,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 Indian schools, Five Civilized Tribes, Support of Indians of Fort Peck Agency, gratuity...... 275,000.00 275,000.():) Mont., gratuity ...... 30,000.00 30,·ooo. oo 30,000.00 Fulfilling treatioo with Chocta ws treaty. 10, 520.00 10,520.00 10,520.00 Support of Indians of Blackfeet Agency, Oil and gas inspector.:;, Five Civilized1 Mont., gratuity ...... •.. 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 Tribes, !p'Stuity ...... , ...... 25,000.00 15,000. 0) Irrigation, Fort Belknap Reservation, Compronuse suits U. S. v. Dowden rPimbursable ...... 20,000.00 20,000.00 20,000.00 eta!., reimbursable ...... 57,500.00 57,500.0) FulfiUingtrea.ties with Crows, Montana, treaty ...... : ...... 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00 OREGON. Suffa~!hg!s,~~::~;~~-. ~~~:~~~~~. ~~. 80,000.00 80,000.00 ro,ooo.oo Line riders, Northern Cheyenne Rese.r- . suJ>~~ ~ ~[;}~;:~~~- -~~~~~ _~-~~~~:: _ 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 0 s;;;~~~~~~tfiois" Band·,. ilatuiiY,:::: 5,000.00 10,000.00 5,000.00 su1ra~~y, ira~~: .. ~-~~. ~~~~~- 4,000.00 4,000.00 4,000.00 Purchase of land, l!lathead Agency, re- support of Indians, Umatilla Agency, imbursable...... 320.00 320.00 320.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 Irrigation system, Flathead Agency, rn~~%-o<>i; saieiri~ oreg:; gi-iliuit1--::: 119,000.00 135,500.00 128,700.00 Mont., reimbursable ...... 750,000.00 750,000.00 Support of Indians, tirande Ronde and Irrigation system, Fort Peck Agency, Siletz Agencies, Oreg., gratuity ...... 4,000.0) 4,000.00 4,000.0) Mont., reimbursable ...... 100,000.00 100,000.00 Maintenance- and operation, Modoc Irrigation system, Blackfeet Agency, · Point irrigation system, reimburs- Mont .. reimbursable ...... 50,000.00 25,000.00 able ...... ~.000.00 20,000.00 20,000.0J NEBRASJU.. B~~bl~~~:i~. -~~~~-~~~~~- -~~~~- 18,666.00 H,OOO.OO 18,666.0) Indian school, Genoa, Nebr., gratuity . ~ 84,600.00 103,100.00 91,100.00 Assessment Omaha and Winnebago al- PENNSYLYA.NIA. lotments, reimbursable ...... 30,000.00 30,000.00 Indian school, Carlisle, Pa.., gratuity.... 152,000.00 152,000.00 152,000.00 1 Paid out of tribal funds. 1 Senate receded. 2 Unexpended balance made available. 1916. OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE .. {7557 EXTENSIO~ OF EE"Y.Um:s. Passed Passed Agreed in Item. House. Senate. conference. 1\11~. ADAl\lSON. 1\lr. Speaker, the gentleman from Virginia [1\Ir. MONTAGUE] requests unanimous consent to extend his re. marks in the RECOBD on the leprosarium bill that w::t:s pusset.l SOUTH D.\.KOTA. the other day. Indian school, Flandreau, S. Dak., The SPEAKER. The gentleman fi'om Georgia a ks unan $68,955.00 ~67,500.00 imous consent that the gentleman from Virginia [1\Ir. MoN rJiia~%c;oii' :Pieire; s: ':Oak.', 'liaiUiiY:: $~; m: ~ 00,750.00 00,750.00 Indian schoo, Rap1d City, S. Dak., TAGUE] may extend his remark in the TIE o.no on the lepr UTAH. REPORTS OF COM~ll'l"TEES 0~ PUBLI BILL A .... ID SupporL of Confederated Bands of Utes, RESOLUTIONS. treaty. . • ...... • . . • ...... 53,740.00 53,7-ID.OO 53,740.00 Support of Indians in Utah, gratuity... . 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 Support of Confederated Bands of Utes, Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, seeds and implements, treaty...... 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 1\Ir. REAVIS, from the Committee on 'Yar Claims, to which Ilighway, Katbab Reservation, reim- was referred the blll .(H. R. 3690) repealing certain · tions bursable ...... 9,000.00 9,000.00 Irrigation, Uintah Reservation, reim· contained in the urgent ucficiency net approved De ·embet· 22, bursable ...... :...... 40,000.00 40,000.00 40,000.00 1911, reported the same without _amendment, accompanied by a Reimbursement Box Elder County, report (No. 650), which said lJill and report were referred to the 1,684.00 EYJ!~fn~~%aii ·:Ptii>us; ·'v &siiaki6 · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · 1,684.00 Committee of the Whole Hou eon the state of the Union. School, gratuity ...... - 832.00 832.00 Prote~tion bridge, Myton, Utah, gratu- ity ...... 1,000.00 (1) PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS. JU..""D 1\IE~IORLU ... WASHINGTON. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills 'were introuu ed antl :cY Support of D'Wamish and other allied erally refert·ed as follows : tribes, gratuity...... 7,000.00 7,000.00 7.000.00 By 1\fr. GALLIVAN: A bill (H. R.15434) for erecting a .· nituhle Support of Maka4s, gratuity...... 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 Support or Quinnaielts and Quillehutes, memorial to John Patrick Holland ; to the Committee on the Li llrary. gratuity...... 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 By Mr. ADAMSON: A bill (H. R. 1543G) for the estuiJlislJ Support of Yakima Indians, gratuity... 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 ment of Columbus, Ga., as a port of delivery, under the act of June 10, 1880, governing the immediate b·aru:portation without · Bt:Ef~~~ ~fa~~:~~~-~ ~-e:~~~ ~:~~~ ~--- 13,000. 00 15,000.00 13,000.00 Support ofSpokanes, treaty...... - ...... 1, 000. 00 1,000. 00 1,000.00 appraisement of dutiable merchandise; to th ommitte on Irrigation system, Yakima Reservation, 'Vays and Means. reimbursable...... 15,000. 00 15,000.00 15,000.00 Indian scbo o!t.Tacom~ Wash.,gratnity. 00,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 By 1\Ir. GREGG: A bill (H. R. 154SG) providing fo1· an at.l WISCO~SIN. India:o. school, Hayward~Wis., gratuity. 51,550.00 51,550.00 51,550.00 PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIO~S. Indian school, Tomah, wis.k gratnitt... 56,125.00 56,125.00 56,125.00 Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bill · were· introllucetl Su~~~~~f~l~~~~~~-~~~-~-~~~~r-~~~- 7,000.00 7,000.00 7,000.00 and severally referred as follows : Support of Potawatom.i in Wisconsin, gratuity...... : ...... 7,000.00 7,000.00 7,000.00 By Mr. C.A.NTRILL: A bill (H. R. 13438) grunting a peu-.ion to Joseph L. Martin ; to the Committee on Pen ions. p~~~~~:.:~~~i-~~~. ~~~- ~~~ •.•••• ~- ••••••• 95,000.00 95,000.00 Also, a bill (H. R. 15439) for the relief of John Curti:,· to tbe Purchase of cattle, Oneida School, gratuity...... 10,000.00 5,000.00 Committee on Military Affairs. Support of Wisconsin Band of Pota- By Mr. CARAWAY: A bill (H. R. 15-!40) granting a p usion wa.tomies, Wisconsin and Michigan, to Leon C. Johnston; to the Commlttee on Pen ion.·. reimbursable...... 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 Sidewalks, villa&e of Odanah, Band By Mr. EDWARDS: A bill (H.-R. 15441) for the relief of River Reservation, reimbursable ...... ••.•• 1,000.00 (') R. L. Horne, executor estate of Hendley J.t'. Horue ; to the Completion road, Red Cliff Reservation, · . Committee on Claims. reimbursable ...... - ...... 6,500. 00 6,500. 00 By Mr. GRAY of Indiana: A bill (H. R. 1U-!42 g\'anting ·an WYOM1NG. increase of pension to Wa hington E. Carothers; to the 'om Support of Shoshones in Wyoming, mittee on Invalid Pensions. gratuity...... 15,000.00 15,000.00 1:5,000.00 By_Mr. LAFEAN: A bill (H. R. 1G443) granting an increase Indian school, Shoshone Reservation, of pension to Ernestine Shetrone; to the Committee on Invalid Wyo., gratuity...... 36,025.00 36,025.00 36,025.00 Suppcrt of Shoshones in Wyoming, Pensions. treaty...... 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00 Also, a bill (H. R. 15444) granting an increase of pension to Repair~, Fort Washa~eJg~tuity. ·...... 1, 721.66 1,721.00 1, 721.00 Sarah Wagner; to the Committee.on Invalid Pension . Irrtgatwn system Wma R1ver .Reserva· tion, reimbursable...... 50,000.00 50,000 00 50,000.00 By 1\Ir. LI'J;TLEPAGE: A bill (H. R. 15445) granting an in Plans and estimates for completing crease of pension to Mary M. Samples ; to the Commitee on irrigation Shoshone or Wind River Invalid Pensions. Reservatfon, ~tufty. . . . • . . • ...... • • . 3, 000. 00 5,000. 00 5,000.00 Roads and bndges, diminished Sho- By Mr. l\IcLAUGHLll~: A bill (H. R. 15446) for the relief of shone Reservatio~reimbursable. • . . . • 25, 000. 00 25,000.00 25,000.00 Ira C. Hoover; to the Committee on Claims. Payment to Joseph .1:1. Norris, gratwg...... 257.00 257.00 By Mr. O'SHAUNESSY: A bill (H. R. 15447) granting a pen N~~ea~C:O~:Y~ .. -~~~~·... ~ . -~~- ...... 12,000.00 (') sion to -Teresa F. Farrell; to the Committee on Invalid Pension:4. 1------~------4------By l\11'. PARK: A bill (H. R. 15448) granting an increa ·e of Total. • ...... 8,961,437. 66 11,993,796.44 10,966,037. 44 pension to J'ohn P. Phillips; to the Committee on Pension·. By 1\1r. RAYBURN: A bill (H. R. 15449) for the relief of 1 Drawn from tribal funds. s Senate receded. Nancy M. Cockerham, heir of Cirley Fairchild , decea ed; to ~ C. D. CARTEE, the Committee on War Claims. CARL HAYDEN, . By 1\!r. S~FORD: A bill (H. R. 15450) granting an in P. P. CAM;PBELL, crease of pension to Emil B. Koenig, or King; to the Committee Managers on the tJart of the House. on Invalid Pensions. LIII--476 7558 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. MAY 8, By Mr. SHALLENBERGER: A bill (H.- R. 15451) granting 1\licb., composed of 118 members, protesting against war with an increase of pension to Edwru:d McVey; to the Committee on Germany, and requesting strict neutrality; to the Comcittee Invaliu Pensions. on Foreign A.ffars. By 1\Ir. STEELE of Iowa: A bill (H. R. 15452) granting an By Mr. McDERM