Japan's Compensation
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The Fukushima Nuclear Accident and Crisis Management
e Fukushima Nuclearand Crisis Accident Management e Fukushima The Fukushima Nuclear Accident and Crisis Management — Lessons for Japan-U.S. Alliance Cooperation — — Lessons for Japan-U.S. Alliance Cooperation — — Lessons for Japan-U.S. September, 2012 e Sasakawa Peace Foundation Foreword This report is the culmination of a research project titled ”Assessment: Japan-US Response to the Fukushima Crisis,” which the Sasakawa Peace Foundation launched in July 2011. The accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant that resulted from the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011, involved the dispersion and spread of radioactive materials, and thus from both the political and economic perspectives, the accident became not only an issue for Japan itself but also an issue requiring international crisis management. Because nuclear plants can become the target of nuclear terrorism, problems related to such facilities are directly connected to security issues. However, the policymaking of the Japanese government and Japan-US coordination in response to the Fukushima crisis was not implemented smoothly. This research project was premised upon the belief that it is extremely important for the future of the Japan-US relationship to draw lessons from the recent crisis and use that to deepen bilateral cooperation. The objective of this project was thus to review and analyze the lessons that can be drawn from US and Japanese responses to the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, and on the basis of these assessments, to contribute to enhancing the Japan-US alliance’s nuclear crisis management capabilities, including its ability to respond to nuclear terrorism. -
Convention on Nuclear Safety National Report of Japan for the Third Review Meeting
Provisional Translation Convention on Nuclear Safety National Report of Japan for the Third Review Meeting August 2004 Government of Japan TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface A. General Provisions Article 6 Existing Nuclear Installations…………………………………………………….. 6-1 6.1 Existing Nuclear Installations in the Scope of this Convention………………………… 6-1 6.2 Major Events in the Existing Nuclear Installations after the Previous Report………….. 6-2 6.3 Evaluation and Verification of Safety, and Position as to Continued Operation………... 6-3 B. Legislation and Regulation Article 7 Legislative and Regulatory Framework…………………………………………. 7-1 7.1 Basic Legislation Governing the Utilization of Nuclear Energy………………………... 7-1 7.2 Legislations and Regulations Governing the Safety of Nuclear Installations…………... 7-2 7.3 Legislative Regulatory Framework at Each Stage………………………………………. 7-5 7.4 Enforcement of Applicable Regulations and Terms of License…………………………. 7-7 Article 8 Regulatory Body…………………………………………………………………… 8-1 8.1 Mandate and Duties of Regulatory Body………………………………………………... 8-1 8.2 Organizations for Enforcement of Safety Regulation of Nuclear Installations…………. 8-2 8.3 Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA)………………………………………….. 8-2 8.4 Organization related to NISA…………………………………………………………… 8-5 8.5 The Nuclear Safety Commission (the NSC)…………………………………………….. 8-6 8.6 The Atomic Energy Commission (the AEC)…………………………………………….. 8-7 8.7 Other Administrative Bodies…………………………………………………………….. 8-8 Article 9 Responsibility of the License Holder……………………………………………… 9-1 9.1 Regulatory measures for the license holder to take the prime responsibility for the 9-1 safety of nuclear installations……………………………………………………………. 9.2 Supervision of the License Holders by Regulatory Body……………………………….. 9-1 C. General Safety Considerations Article 10 Basic Policy for Priority to Safety………………………………………………. -
Teacher's Guide
AFTER THE DARKNESS TEACHER’S GUIDE Developed by Waka Takahashi Brown Copyright © 2014 By the Leland Stanford Junior University Board of Trustees For further information contact: Stanford Program on International and Cross-cultural Education (SPICE) Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI) Encina Hall, Stanford University Stanford CA, 94305-6055 Tel: (800) 578-1114 Fax: (650) 723-6784 http://spice.stanford.edu E-mail: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...............................................................................................................IV ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS.............................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................1 Objectives...............................................................................................................................1 Connections to Curriculum Standards..............................................................................2 Subjects and Suggested Grade Levels................................................................................4 Materials.................................................................................................................................5 Equipment..............................................................................................................................5 Teacher Preparation...............................................................................................................6 -
Supply Chain Disruptions: Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake∗
Supply Chain Disruptions: Evidence from the Great East Japan Earthquake∗ Vasco M. Carvalhoy Makoto Nireiz Yukiko U. Saitox Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi{ June 2020 Abstract Exploiting the exogenous and regional nature of the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, this paper provides a quantification of the role of input-output linkages as a mechanism for the prop- agation and amplification of shocks. We document that the disruption caused by the disaster propagated upstream and downstream supply chains, affecting the direct and indirect suppliers and customers of disaster-stricken firms. Using a general equilibrium model of production net- works, we then obtain an estimate for the overall macroeconomic impact of the disaster by taking these propagation effects into account. We find that the earthquake and its aftermaths resulted in a 0:47 percentage point decline in Japan’s real GDP growth in the year following the disaster. ∗We thank the co-editor and four anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions. We thank Hirofumi Okoshi and Francisco Vargas for excellent research assistance. We are also grateful to Daron Acemoglu, Pol Antras,` David Baqaee, Paula Bustos, Lorenzo Caliendo, Arun Chandrasekhar, Ryan Chahrour, Giancarlo Corsetti, Ian Dew-Becker, Masahisa Fujita, Julian di Giovanni, Sanjeev Goyal, Adam Guren, Matt Jackson, Jennifer La’O, Glenn Magerman, Isabelle Mejean,´ Ameet Morjaria, Kaivan Munshi, Michael Peters, Aureo de Paula, Jacopo Ponticelli, Farzad Saidi, Adam Szeidl, Edoardo Teso, Yasuyuki Todo, Aleh Tsyvinski, Liliana Varela, Andrea Vedolin, Jaume Ventura, Jose Zubizarreta, and numerous seminar and conference participants for useful feedback and suggestions. We also thank the Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo for providing us with the geocoding service. -
Japan Tohoku Aomori U
Getting to Hirosaki City Sapporo Airplane Hokkaido Chitose Shin-Chitose Airport Tokyo Airport 1hr15min (Haneda) Aomori Airport Nagoya Airport 1hr15min Hirosaki (Komaki) Bus 55min Osaka Airport 1hr35min (Itami) Sapporo Airport 45min (Shin-Chitose) Shin-Hakodate Hokuto Hakodate Airport Shinkansen(JR) J a p a n Hakodate T o h o k u Hayabusa A o m o r i Hokkaido Shinkansen T o k y o Shin-Aomori Minimum 2hr59min Limited Hirosaki H i r o s a k i Express Hayabusa Tsugaru Sendai Minimum 1hr27min Minimum Shin-Hakodate Hayabusa 30min Hokuto Minimum 1hr1min Aomori Hirosaki Railway(JR) Mt. Iwaki Aomori Airport Limited Express Tsugaru Hirosaki Aomori Pref. Hachinohe Shin-Aomori Minimum 35min Lake Towada Limited Express Tsugaru World Heritage Site A k i t a Odate Minimum 2hr Shirakami-Sanchi Hirosaki castle was moved to temporary position for renovating its stonewall. Although visitors can Express Bus Akita Pref. enter the inside of the castle from 2016.4, it will be back to the original position in 2021. Tokyo(Shinagawa The Nocturne Iwate Pref. and Hamamatsu-cho) 9hr15min Akita Iwate Morioka A gateway of World Natural Heritage “Shirakami-sanchi “, T Hirosaki Hirosaki-City is located 60km from Lake Towada and the The Nocturne Japan Sea Hanamaki o Yokohama ho Oirase Gorge. Like Kyoto, Nara, Kanazawa, there was a division 9hr45min Airport k of army, and it did not suffer war damage. Now, both in name Japan Tohoku Aomori u The Castle O and reality, 2,600 the most beautiful cherry blossom trees in S e n d a i S 4hr20min u hi Japan, a castle that is the oldest citadel remains of Japan, L n The Yodel i triple moats, three turrets and five gates are considered as a n M o r i o k a k e 2hr15min a symbol of the city. -
Hachinohe Martial Arts Center About 15 Min
Access A Maeda Arena About 35 min. by car from Aomori Airport (New Aomori Prefecture Sports Park) About 25 min. by car from Shin-Aomori Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line/Ou Line) B Michinokubank Dream Stadium About 30 min. by car from Aomori Airport (Aomori City Sports Complex) About 15 min. by car from Shin-Aomori Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line/Ou Line) C Aomori Martial Arts Hall About 50 min. by car from Aomori Airport Hirosaki Athletic Park About 10 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) About 70 min. by car from Aomori Airport Mt. Iwakisan Synthesis Park About 40 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) D The right choice to train About 70 min. by car from Aomori Airport Iwaki Seishonen Sports Center About 45 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) AOMORI E About 70 min. by car from Aomori Airport Iwaki River Canoe Center About 30 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) About 55 min. by car from Misawa Airport Takamori Yama Sports Park About 30 min. by car from Shichinohe-Towada Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line) F About 45 min. by car from Misawa Airport Towada City Wakaba Stadium About 25 min. by car from Shichinohe-Towada Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line) About 40 min. by car from Misawa Airport Hachinohe Martial Arts Center About 15 min. by car from Hachinohe Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line/Hachinohe Line/Aoimori Railway Line) G About 50 min. -
The Tsunami of March 2011 and the Subsequent Nuclear Incident at Fukushima: Who Compensates the Victims
William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review Volume 37 (2012-2013) Issue 1 Article 5 November 2012 The Tsunami of March 2011 and the Subsequent Nuclear Incident at Fukushima: Who Compensates the Victims Michael Faure Jing Liu Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr Part of the Insurance Law Commons, and the Legal Remedies Commons Repository Citation Michael Faure and Jing Liu, The Tsunami of March 2011 and the Subsequent Nuclear Incident at Fukushima: Who Compensates the Victims, 37 Wm. & Mary Envtl. L. & Pol'y Rev. 129 (2012), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr/vol37/iss1/5 Copyright c 2012 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmelpr THE TSUNAMI OF MARCH 2011 AND THE SUBSEQUENT NUCLEAR INCIDENT AT FUKUSHIMA: WHO COMPENSATES THE VICTIMS? MICHAEL FAURE & JING LIU* INTRODUCTION ........................................... 131 I. THE COMPENSATION SYSTEM FOR NATURAL DISASTERS IN JAPAN .......................................... 133 A. Compensation for Households in Case of an Earthquake ................................. 135 1. Earthquake Insurance for Households Provided by Private Insurers............. 136 a. History of the System............. 136 b. Features of the Existing Insurance Policy.......................... 139 c. The Reinsurance Scheme.......... 142 2. Earthquake Insurance for Households Provided by Cooperative Insurers......... 146 B. Compensation for Commercial and Industrial Losses in Case of Earthquake ........................ 148 C. Other Insurance Policies ....................... 150 * Michael Faure, Professor of Comparative and International Environmental Law, METRO, Maastricht University, Netherlands; Professor of Comparative Private Law and Economics, Rotterdam Institute of Law & Economics, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; and Visiting Professor of the University of Pennsylvania Law School. -
Study on Japan's Nuclear Materials
Study on Japan's Nuclear Materials China Arms Control and Disarmament Association China Institute of Nuclear Information and Economics September 2015 Foreword The nuclear accident in March 2011 in Fukushima, Japan brought a disaster to the safety of local residents and to the environment of surrounding regions. However, the Japanese government failed to inform the international community of the accident in a timely, accurate, and comprehensive manner. The accident's consequential impacts still linger on today, and the international community is still highly concerned about the safety of Japan’s nuclear facilities. In early 2014, media reports held that around 331 kilograms of weapon-grade plutonium had been stored by Japan for years. And in fact, Japan has stored a lot of sensitive nuclear materials for a long time, which far exceeds its actual need. The imbalance between supply and demand of nuclear materials in Japan has given rise to the concern of and questions raised by the international community. Why does Japan store nuclear materials in such a large amount? How to ensure their safety? How to effectively prevent disasters similar to the Fukushima nuclear accident from happening again? How to ensure that these materials will be used exclusively for peaceful purposes? What measures should be taken to solve this serious imbalance of supply and demand of nuclear materials in Japan? These are questions that are often raised. Regretably, the Japanese government has yet to answer these questions. In September 2015, the Japanese Diet ratified the new bills. In recent years, right-wings forces in Japan have kept denying the history of aggression of Japan and advocated the revision of Japan's "Peace Constitution", Which have aroused vigilance among all peace-loving people. -
MOX Program Postponed - Nuclear Industry Hit Hard by Dishonesty
MOX Program Postponed - Nuclear Industry hit hard by dishonesty Plaintiffs for the case against Kansai Electric Power Co. (KEPCO) on using MOX fuel for Takahama 4 rejoice over their victory after KEPCO announced on Dec. 16 that it will cancil the use of the fuel for Takahama 4. An Ever-Growing Scandal of Takahama 3 fuel in October. Citizens’ groups It has been revealed by The Guardian and the considered the fuel data for Takahama 4 suspicious UK Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (NII) that in ever since the scandal broke out over the fuel data addition to falsifying quality control data for mixed for Takahama 3. However, the company claimed plutonium-uranium oxide (MOX) fuel for Taka- that no fabrication had taken place with the data for hama 3 plant, British Nuclear Fuels plc (BNFL) Takahama 4 and tried to enforce the loading of the workers falsified quality control data for MOX fuel fuel. The release of a series of new information fol- for Takahama 4, which has already been shipped to Japan. NII had been investigating BNFL following CONTENTS the revelation of data fabrication in September MOX Program Postponed 1-3 1999. Following the reports of subsequent data 1999 SPENA Workshop Held In Thailand 4-6 fabrication, Kansai Electric Power Company JCO Criticality Accident 7-9 Conferenece on Transportaion in Malaysia 10-12 (KEPCO) canceled the use of the fuel for Takahama Data on Spent Fuel and Radioactive Waste 13 4 and is attempting to have the fuel sent back to the Anti-Nuke Who's Who: Sanshiro Kume 14 UK. -
Aomori Cycling
AOMORI CYCLING Up close and personal with the incredible nature and culture of Aomori Aomori Cycling Up close and personal with the incredible nature and culture of Aomori Surrounded by ocean on all sides and blessed by incredible nature such as Shirakami-Sanchi and Lake Towada, each region in Aomori Prefecture enjoys its own unique history, culture and delicacies. Cycling Aomori is the perfect way to discover the intricacies of these individual regions. If you are ready, then jump on your bike and let's head off to explore the beauty of Aomori! 9 1 Course 1 NATSUDOMARI 11 2 Course 2 TOWADA・OIRASE 13 3 Course 3 HIROSAKI 15 4 Course 4 NISHIKAIGAN 17 5 Course 5 OKU-TSUGARU AOMORI 19 6 Course 6 SHIMOKITA 21 7 Course 7 LAKE OGAWARA CYCLING 23 Course 8 HACHINOHE Up close and personal with the incredible nature and culture of Aomori 8 25 33 27 35 29 37 31 7 8 03 02 04 05 06 01/The masses of blue net stored at the port are shellfish baskets, used for cultivating scallops. It's like riding through a maze. 02/Old fishing vessels of all shapes and sizes are dotted around the Natsudomari Peninsula. 03/Showing off the size of the scallops at "Hotate Hiroba," which has a giant scallop as its signboard. You can learn about scallop cultivation on the second floor.04 /At Yogoshiyama Forest Park you can see over 3,000 varieties of succulents. 05/Two men and a cat taking a break from cycling beside the tetrapod seawall. -
Annual Availability of Forest Biomass Resources for Woody Biomass Power Generation Plants from Subcompartments and Aggregated Forests in Tohoku Region of Japan
Article Annual Availability of Forest Biomass Resources for Woody Biomass Power Generation Plants from Subcompartments and Aggregated Forests in Tohoku Region of Japan Yusuke Matsuoka 1, Hiroaki Shirasawa 2, Uichi Hayashi 1 and Kazuhiro Aruga 1,* 1 Department of Forest Science, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; [email protected] (Y.M.); [email protected] (U.H.) 2 Department of Forest Engineering, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: To utilize timber and forest biomass resources for bioenergy, technically feasible and economically viable timber and forest biomass resources should be estimated accurately considering their long-term availability. This study focuses on five prefectures, namely, Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Akita, and Yamagata, and considers trade between these prefectures. The annual availability of timber and forest biomass resources, such as small-diameter or defect stem logs, rather than logging residues in Japan was estimated as supply potential from profitable forests where expected revenues surpassed all costs, from planting to final harvest. As a result, the supply potential and annual availability of timber were estimated at 11,388,960 m3/year and 1,631,624 m3/year, whereas those of forest biomass resources were estimated at 2,277,792 m3/year and 326,325 m3/year, respectively. Therefore, the rate of annual availability to supply potential was 14.3%. Since timber production and wood chip usage from thinned woods and logging residues in 2018 were 4,667,000 m3/year 3 Citation: Matsuoka, Y.; Shirasawa, and 889,600 m /year, the rates of annual availability for timber and forest biomass resources to H.; Hayashi, U.; Aruga, K. -
Earthquake Protection in Buildings Through Base Isolation
fECH RLC N4TL INST- OF STAND 4 NIST Special Publication 832, Volume 1 A111D3 7aTm7 Earthquake Resistant Construction Using Base Isolation NIST I PUBLICATIONS [Shin kenchiku kozo gijutsu kenkyu iin-kai hokokusho ] Earthquake Protection in Buildings Through Base Isolation United States Department of Commerce Z Technology Administration 832 National Institute of Standards and Technology V.1 1992 7he National Institute of Standards and Technology was established in 1988 by Congress to "assist industry in the development of technology . needed to improve product quality, to modernize manufacturing processes, to ensure product reliability . and to facilitate rapid commercialization ... of products based on new scientific discoveries." NIST, originally founded as the National Bureau of Standards in 1901, works to strengthen U.S. industry's competitiveness; advance science and engineering; and improve public health, safety, and the environment. One of the agency's basic functions is to develop, maintain, and retain custody of the national standards of measurement, and provide the means and methods for comparing standards used in science, engineering, manufacturing, commerce, industry, and education with the standards adopted or recognized by the Federal Government. As an agency of the U.S. Commerce Department's Technology Administration, NIST conducts basic and applied research in the physical sciences and engineering and performs related services. The Institute does generic and precompetitive work on new and advanced technologies. NIST's research