DOCSLIB.ORG

A Freedom of Coxiella Burnetii Infection Survey in European Bison (Bison Bonasus) in Poland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Freedom of Coxiella Burnetii Infection Survey in European Bison (Bison Bonasus) in Poland animals Communication A Freedom of Coxiella burnetii Infection Survey in European Bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland Michał K. Krzysiak 1,2,* , Martyna Puchalska 3, Wanda Olech 4 and Krzysztof Anusz 3 1 Białowieza˙ National Park, Park Pałacowy 11, 17-230 Białowieza,˙ Poland 2 Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 E, 15-351 Białystok, Poland 3 Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (K.A.) 4 Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Q fever is one of the important diseases transmissible from animals to humans. The source of infection can be numerous species of animals including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians as well as ticks. The role of wildlife in its epidemiology is poorly understood. Therefore, we examined 523 sera samples obtained from European bison for the presence of specific antibodies to assess whether infection occurs in this species and whether European bison may be an important source of infection in the natural environment as suggested by historical reports. The antibodies were found only in one free-living bull, while two other samples were doubtful. The results suggest the transmission of infection to the European bison was rather accidental and its role as an important Citation: Krzysiak, M.K.; Puchalska, source of infection nowadays is unlikely. M.; Olech, W.; Anusz, K. A Freedom of Coxiella burnetii Infection Survey Abstract: Q fever is an important zoonosis caused by the intracellular Gram-negative bacteria in European Bison (Bison bonasus) Coxiella burnetii. The source of infection are numerous species of mammals, birds, reptiles and in Poland. Animals 2021, 11, 651. amphibians, as well as ticks. The disease is widespread throughout Europe, but the role of wildlife https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030651 in its epidemiology is poorly understood. The European bison (Bison bonasus) population has been growing European-wide quite dynamically over the last few years. The aim of this study Academic Editor: was to determine whether C. burnetii infection occurs in European bison and whether it can be David González-Barrio considered an important bacterial reservoir in the natural environment. Five hundred and twenty Received: 1 February 2021 three samples of European bison sera originating from 14 (out of the 26 existing) Polish populations Accepted: 24 February 2021 were examined for the presence of specific antibodies using an ID Screen Q Fever Indirect Multi- Published: 1 March 2021 species ELISA test. Only one (0.19%) serum sample was positive in ELISA, and two other samples were doubtful. The only seropositive animal found in this study was a free-living bull. It suggests Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral possible transmission from domestic cattle by sharing pastures. The transmission of C. burnetii into with regard to jurisdictional claims in the European bison was rather accidental in the country and its role as an important wild reservoir published maps and institutional affil- is unlikely. Since no tests are available for wildlife ruminants there is a need for the adaptation of iations. the available tests. Keywords: Coxiella burnetii; Q fever; serology; epidemiology; wildlife; European bison Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article 1. Introduction distributed under the terms and Q fever is a widely distributed reproductive disease of ruminants caused by intra- conditions of the Creative Commons cellular bacteria Coxiella burnetii. The pathogen is commonly transmitted to humans Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// and remains an emerging concern for public health. The source of infection are numer- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ ous species of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. Ticks are important vectors of 4.0/). Animals 2021, 11, 651. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030651 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/animals Animals 2021, 11, 651 2 of 9 C. burnetii transmission; therefore, the climate changes observed in the recent decades may provoke the shift of those arthropods into new locations, increasing the risk of tick-borne infections to occur [1]. In humans, infection as a result of a tick bite is rare, while potential sources of infection may be dusty feces of infected ticks, or exposure to dust with dried secretions of the reproductive system spread by the wind up to a distance of 2 km. Free- living animals may be a reservoir and source of C. burnetii infection for both humans and domestic animals. Q fever is widely spread all over Europe, however the role of wildlife in its transmission is still poorly understood. Dairy cattle are considered the main reservoir in Poland with the animal-level and herd-level seroprevalence around 25% [2]. C. burnetii DNA was detected in 3% of wildlife tested in a survey in the north-west of the country, which included roe deer, red deer and wild boar [3]. In the same study, the presence of bacteria was also confirmed in the ticks Ixodes ricinus from the same area. Other reports also confirmed the infection in wild ruminants, rabbits, rodents, foxes and ticks associated with their sylvatic ecosystems [4,5]. Moreover, specific antibodies were found in wild ranging cervids and mouflon [6,7]. European bison are the largest herbivores in Europe. Their conservation strategies should also include the monitoring of zoonotic diseases as an element of the One Health concept. However, Q fever studies have been neglected for the last two decades. The first report on the occurrence of C. burnetii in European bison dates back to the nineteen-eighties, when the exposure of forty-seven free-ranging European bison was investigated from Borecka forest (54◦5018.09” N 21◦55021.467” E) in connection to a Q fever epidemic in local cattle herds. The presence of specific antibodies was then confirmed in 76% of animals by the microagglutination test and complement fixation test (CFT) [8]. Furthermore, earlier in 1980–1983, a natural foci of Q fever could have been located in the Białowieska forest (52◦4209.861” N 23◦5104.52” E) [9], where the conservation of the endangered species after their complete extinction from the wild was initiated. Additionally, transmission to humans was suspected as 10% of European bison caretakers from Białowieza˙ National Park (52◦4209.861” N 23◦5104.52” E) became infected [8]. Further studies excluded exposure of European bison to C. burnetii by serological testing in 122 European bison from Białowieska forest in years 1991–2001 [10,11]. The population of the species, which remains listed by the International Union for Conservation (IUCN) of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species increases successfully thanks to many national and international projects, reaching already n total of over 8400 individuals. They are most often reared in the enclosures but wild European bison population with frequent contact with people and domestic animals significantly increases [12]. In 2019, 74% of European bison were free-living [12]. Taking into account abovementioned, the aim of this study was to determine whether C. burnetii infection occurs in the European bison and whether it can be considered an im- portant bacterial reservoir in the natural environment. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Study Design To calculate the representative number of European bison in each of the populations to substantiate a prevalence of 1.5% or below with the overall α error set to 0.05, the FreeCalc software of Epitools [13,14] was used. The mean population size was determined by Euro- pean bison Pedigree Books (2013–2018). The targeted population size number increased from 1196 animals in 2013 to 1478 in 2018 with the mean value of 1377 individuals [12]. Considering the design prevalence at 1%, test sensitivity and specificity of about 100% and desired type I and II errors at 0.05, the targeted sample size for the whole population tested was 267. However, for the smaller herds, all the animals or all the available samples were included in the study. The samples were collected during the monitoring of European bison health in the years 2011–2017 as a part of the scientific cooperation of National Veterinary Research Institute in Puławy (NVRI) with herd/population managers based on: the opinion of the Minister of the Environment of 27 October 2014 (ZOP/06-061/51/2014); the Decision of the General Di- Animals 2021, 11, 651 3 of 9 Animals 2021, 11, 651 3 of 9 General Director for Environmental Protection of December 31, 2014 (DZP- rectorWG.6401.06.23.2014.km.2); for Environmental Protection individual of 31 permits December of the 2014 Director (DZP-WG.6401.06.23.2014.km.2); of the Białowieża National individualPark of December permits of20, the 2013 Director (PN/061/22/2013) of the Białowie and za˙May National 15, 2017 Park (PN of/061/14/2017) 20 December and 2013 per- (PN/061/22/2013)mits of the Kobiór and Forest 15 MayDistrict 2017 (ZG (PN/061/14/2017)-7326 (1) -9/2014). and Since permits 2017, ofthe the sample Kobió collectionr Forest Districthas been (ZG-7326 carried (1) out -9/2014). as part of Since the 2017,project the “Complex sample collection project of has European been carried bison out conserva- as part oftion the by project State “Complex Forests” financed project of by European the Forest bison Fund conservation (Poland) in by accordance State Forests” wit financedh contract byNo. the OR.271.3.10.2017. Forest Fund (Poland) in accordance with contract No.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Metaproteogenomic Insights Beyond Bacterial Response to Naphthalene
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE ISME Journal – Original article Metaproteogenomic insights beyond bacterial response to 5 naphthalene exposure and bio-stimulation María-Eugenia Guazzaroni, Florian-Alexander Herbst, Iván Lores, Javier Tamames, Ana Isabel Peláez, Nieves López-Cortés, María Alcaide, Mercedes V. del Pozo, José María Vieites, Martin von Bergen, José Luis R. Gallego, Rafael Bargiela, Arantxa López-López, Dietmar H. Pieper, Ramón Rosselló-Móra, Jesús Sánchez, Jana Seifert and Manuel Ferrer 10 Supporting Online Material includes Text (Supporting Materials and Methods) Tables S1 to S9 Figures S1 to S7 1 SUPPORTING TEXT Supporting Materials and Methods Soil characterisation Soil pH was measured in a suspension of soil and water (1:2.5) with a glass electrode, and 5 electrical conductivity was measured in the same extract (diluted 1:5). Primary soil characteristics were determined using standard techniques, such as dichromate oxidation (organic matter content), the Kjeldahl method (nitrogen content), the Olsen method (phosphorus content) and a Bernard calcimeter (carbonate content). The Bouyoucos Densimetry method was used to establish textural data. Exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K and 10 Na) extracted with 1 M NH 4Cl and exchangeable aluminium extracted with 1 M KCl were determined using atomic absorption/emission spectrophotometry with an AA200 PerkinElmer analyser. The effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) was calculated as the sum of the values of the last two measurements (sum of the exchangeable cations and the exchangeable Al). Analyses were performed immediately after sampling. 15 Hydrocarbon analysis Extraction (5 g of sample N and Nbs) was performed with dichloromethane:acetone (1:1) using a Soxtherm extraction apparatus (Gerhardt GmbH & Co.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Hainan Island, China
    Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected From Hainan Island, China Miao Lu National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Guangpeng Tang PHLIC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Xiaosong Bai Congjiang CDC Xincheng Qin National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Wenping Guo Chengde Medical University Kun Li ( [email protected] ) National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Research Keywords: Ticks, Rickettsiales bacteria, Protozoa, Coxiellaceae bacteria, Tick-borne disease, China Posted Date: December 1st, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-114641/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/29 Abstract Background Kinds of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and protozoa are transmitted by ticks as vectors, and they have deeply impact on human and animal health worldwide. Methods To better understand the genetic diversity of bacteria and protozoans carried by ticks in Chengmai county of Hainan province, China, 285 adult hard ticks belonging to two species (Rhipicephalus sanguineus: 183, 64.21% and R. microplus: 102, 35.79%) from dogs, cattle, and goats were colleted. Rickettsiales bacteria, Coxiellaceae bacteria, Babesiidae, and Hepatozoidae were identied in these ticks by amplifying the 18S rRNA, 16S rRNA (rrs), citrate synthase (gltA), and heat shock protein (groEL) genes. Results Our data revealed the presence of four recognized species and two Candidatus spp. of Anaplasmataceae and Coxiellaceae in locality. Conclusions In sum, these data reveal an extensive diversity of Anaplasmataceae bacteria, Coxiellaceae bacteria, Babesiidae, and Hepatozoidae in ticks from Chengmai county, highlighting the need to understand the tick-borne pathogen infection in local animals and humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Coxiella Burnetii
    SENTINEL LEVEL CLINICAL LABORATORY GUIDELINES FOR SUSPECTED AGENTS OF BIOTERRORISM AND EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES Coxiella burnetii American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Revised March 2016 For latest revision, see web site below: https://www.asm.org/Articles/Policy/Laboratory-Response-Network-LRN-Sentinel-Level-C ASM Subject Matter Expert: David Welch, Ph.D. Medical Microbiology Consulting Dallas, TX [email protected] ASM Sentinel Laboratory Protocol Working Group APHL Advisory Committee Vickie Baselski, Ph.D. Barbara Robinson-Dunn, Ph.D. Patricia Blevins, MPH University of Tennessee at Department of Clinical San Antonio Metro Health Memphis Pathology District Laboratory Memphis, TN Beaumont Health System [email protected] [email protected] Royal Oak, MI BRobinson- Erin Bowles David Craft, Ph.D. [email protected] Wisconsin State Laboratory of Penn State Milton S. Hershey Hygiene Medical Center Michael A. Saubolle, Ph.D. [email protected] Hershey, PA Banner Health System [email protected] Phoenix, AZ Christopher Chadwick, MS [email protected] Association of Public Health Peter H. Gilligan, Ph.D. m Laboratories University of North Carolina [email protected] Hospitals/ Susan L. Shiflett Clinical Microbiology and Michigan Department of Mary DeMartino, BS, Immunology Labs Community Health MT(ASCP)SM Chapel Hill, NC Lansing, MI State Hygienic Laboratory at the [email protected] [email protected] University of Iowa [email protected] Larry Gray, Ph.D. Alice Weissfeld, Ph.D. TriHealth Laboratories and Microbiology Specialists Inc. Harvey Holmes, PhD University of Cincinnati College Houston, TX Centers for Disease Control and of Medicine [email protected] Prevention Cincinnati, OH om [email protected] [email protected] David Welch, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Host-Adaptation in Legionellales Is 2.4 Ga, Coincident with Eukaryogenesis
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/852004; this version posted February 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 Host-adaptation in Legionellales is 2.4 Ga, 2 coincident with eukaryogenesis 3 4 5 Eric Hugoson1,2, Tea Ammunét1 †, and Lionel Guy1* 6 7 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratories, 8 Uppsala University, Box 582, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden 9 2 Department of Microbial Population Biology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary 10 Biology, D-24306 Plön, Germany 11 † current address: Medical Bioinformatics Centre, Turku Bioscience, University of Turku, 12 Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland 13 * corresponding author 14 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/852004; this version posted February 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 15 Abstract 16 Bacteria adapting to living in a host cell caused the most salient events in the evolution of 17 eukaryotes, namely the seminal fusion with an archaeon 1, and the emergence of both the 18 mitochondrion and the chloroplast 2. A bacterial clade that may hold the key to understanding 19 these events is the deep-branching gammaproteobacterial order Legionellales – containing 20 among others Coxiella and Legionella – of which all known members grow inside eukaryotic 21 cells 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Ticks Convert Pathogenic Coxiella Into Endosymbionts
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.29.424491; this version posted December 30, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Ticks convert pathogenic Coxiella into endosymbionts 2 3 Amanda E. Brenner1, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal2, Madhur Sachan1, Marcelo B. Labruna3, Rahul 4 Raghavan1* 5 6 1Department of Biology and Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State 7 University, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA. 8 2Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 9 Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Ñuble, Chile. 10 3Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina 11 Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 12 13 14 *Author for correspondence: 15 Rahul Raghavan | Phone: 503-725-3872 | Email: [email protected] 16 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.29.424491; this version posted December 30, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 17 ABSTRACT 18 Both symbiotic and pathogenic bacteria in the family Coxiellaceae cause morbidity and mortality 19 in humans and animals. For instance, Coxiella-like endosymbionts (CLEs) improve the 20 reproductive success of ticks — a major disease vector, while Coxiella burnetii is the etiological 21 agent of human Q fever and uncharacterized coxiellae cause infections in both animals and 22 humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Wedding Higher Taxonomic Ranks with Metabolic Signatures Coded in Prokaryotic Genomes
    Wedding higher taxonomic ranks with metabolic signatures coded in prokaryotic genomes Gregorio Iraola*, Hugo Naya* Corresponding authors: E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] This PDF file includes: Supplementary Table 1 Supplementary Figures 1 to 4 Supplementary Methods SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES Supplementary Tab. 1 Supplementary Tab. 1. Full prediction for the set of 108 external genomes used as test. genome domain phylum class order family genus prediction alphaproteobacterium_LFTY0 Bacteria Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Rhodobacterales Rhodobacteraceae Unknown candidatus_nasuia_deltocephalinicola_PUNC_CP013211 Bacteria Proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Unknown Unknown Unknown candidatus_sulcia_muelleri_PUNC_CP013212 Bacteria Bacteroidetes Flavobacteriia Flavobacteriales NA Candidatus Sulcia deinococcus_grandis_ATCC43672_BCMS0 Bacteria Deinococcus-Thermus Deinococci Deinococcales Deinococcaceae Deinococcus devosia_sp_H5989_CP011300 Bacteria Proteobacteria Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown micromonospora_RV43_LEKG0 Bacteria Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Micromonosporales Micromonosporaceae Micromonospora nitrosomonas_communis_Nm2_CP011451 Bacteria Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Nitrosomonadales Nitrosomonadaceae Unknown nocardia_seriolae_U1_BBYQ0 Bacteria Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Corynebacteriales Nocardiaceae Nocardia nocardiopsis_RV163_LEKI01 Bacteria Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Streptosporangiales Nocardiopsaceae Nocardiopsis oscillatoriales_cyanobacterium_MTP1_LNAA0 Bacteria Cyanobacteria NA Oscillatoriales
    [Show full text]
  • Coxiella Burnetii Is Widespread in Ticks (Ixodidae) in the Xinjiang Areas Of
    Ni et al. BMC Veterinary Research (2020) 16:317 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02538-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Coxiella burnetii is widespread in ticks (Ixodidae) in the Xinjiang areas of China Jun Ni1, Hanliang Lin2, Xiaofeng Xu1, Qiaoyun Ren1*, Malike Aizezi2, Jin Luo1, Yi Luo2, Zhan Ma2, Ze Chen1, Yangchun Tan1, Junhui Guo1, Wenge Liu1, Zhiqiang Qu1, Zegong Wu1, Jinming Wang1, Youquan Li1, Guiquan Guan1, Jianxun Luo1, Hong Yin1,3 and Guangyuan Liu1* Abstract Background: The gram-negative Coxiella burnetii bacterium is the pathogen that causes Q fever. The bacterium is transmitted to animals via ticks, and manure, air, dead infected animals, etc. and can cause infection in domestic animals, wild animals, and humans. Xinjiang, the provincial-level administrative region with the largest land area in China, has many endemic tick species. The infection rate of C. burnetii in ticks in Xinjiang border areas has not been studied in detail. Results: For the current study, 1507 ticks were collected from livestock at 22 sampling sites in ten border regions of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region from 2018 to 2019. C. burnetii was detected in 205/348 (58.91%) Dermacentor nuttalli; in 110/146 (75.34%) D. pavlovskyi; in 66/80 (82.50%) D. silvarum; in 15/32 (46.90%) D. niveus;in 28/132 (21.21%) Hyalomma rufipes; in 24/25 (96.00%) H. anatolicum; in 219/312 (70.19%) H. asiaticum; in 252/338 (74.56%) Rhipicephalus sanguineus; and in 54/92 (58.70%) Haemaphysalis punctata. Among these samples, C. burnetii was detected in D.
    [Show full text]
  • Q Fever: the Neglected Biothreat Agent P
    Journal of Medical Microbiology (2011), 60, 9–21 DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.024778-0 Review Q fever: the neglected biothreat agent P. C. F. Oyston and C. Davies Correspondence Biomedical Sciences, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury, P. C. F. Oyston Wiltshire SP4 0JQ, UK [email protected] Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever, a disease with a spectrum of presentations from the mild to fatal, including chronic sequelae. Since its discovery in 1935, it has been shown to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans. A recent outbreak in Europe reminds us that this is still a significant pathogen of concern, very transmissible and with a very low infectious dose. For these reasons it has also featured regularly on various threat lists, as it may be considered by the unscrupulous for use as a bioweapon. As an intracellular pathogen, it has remained an enigmatic organism due to the inability to culture it on laboratory media. As a result, interactions with the host have been difficult to elucidate and we still have a very limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms of virulence. However, two recent developments will open up our understanding of C. burnetii: the first axenic growth medium capable of supporting cell-free growth, and the production of the first isogenic mutant. We are approaching an exciting time for expanding our knowledge of this organism in the next few years. Taxonomy an obligate intracellular organism and having a tick reservoir. However, the restructuring of the family Rickettsiaceae based In 1935, in two near concurrent incidences on two different on genetic differences resulted in the organism becoming a continents, a previously undescribed organism was iden- member of the family Coxiellaceae in the order Legionellales.
    [Show full text]
  • Coxiella Burnetii Utilizes Both Glutamate and Glucose During Infection with Glucose Uptake Mediated by Multiple Transporters
    Biochemical Journal (2019) 476 2851–2867 https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20190504 Research Article Coxiella burnetii utilizes both glutamate and glucose during infection with glucose uptake mediated by multiple transporters Miku Kuba1, Nitika Neha2,3, David P. De Souza2, Saravanan Dayalan2, Joshua P. M. Newson1, Dedreia Tull2, Malcolm J. McConville2, Fiona M. Sansom3* and Hayley J. Newton1* Downloaded from https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article-pdf/476/19/2851/856758/bcj-2019-0504.pdf by guest on 07 April 2020 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; 2Metabolomics Australia, The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; 3Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia Correspondence: Fiona M. Sansom ([email protected]) or Hayley J. Newton ([email protected]) Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes Q fever, a complex and life- threatening infection with both acute and chronic presentations. C. burnetii invades a variety of host cell types and replicates within a unique vacuole derived from the host cell lysosome. In order to understand how C. burnetii survives within this intracellular niche, we have investigated the carbon metabolism of both intracellular and axenically cultivated bacteria. Both bacterial populations were shown to assimilate exogenous [13C]glucose or [13C]glutamate, with concomitant labeling of intermediates in glycolysis and gluconeo- genesis, and in the TCA cycle. Significantly, the two populations displayed metabolic pathway profiles reflective of the nutrient availabilities within their propagated environ- ments.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Detection of Pathogens in Ticks and Fleas Collected From
    Nguyen et al. Parasites Vectors (2020) 13:420 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04288-8 Parasites & Vectors RESEARCH Open Access Molecular detection of pathogens in ticks and feas collected from companion dogs and cats in East and Southeast Asia Viet‑Linh Nguyen1, Vito Colella1,2, Grazia Greco1, Fang Fang3, Wisnu Nurcahyo4, Upik Kesumawati Hadi5, Virginia Venturina6, Kenneth Boon Yew Tong7, Yi‑Lun Tsai8, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat9, Saruda Tiwananthagorn10, Sahatchai Tangtrongsup10, Thong Quang Le11, Khanh Linh Bui12, Thom Do13, Malaika Watanabe14, Puteri Azaziah Megat Abd Rani14, Filipe Dantas‑Torres1,15, Lenaig Halos16, Frederic Beugnet16 and Domenico Otranto1,17* Abstract Background: Ticks and feas are considered amongst the most important arthropod vectors of medical and veteri‑ nary concern due to their ability to transmit pathogens to a range of animal species including dogs, cats and humans. By sharing a common environment with humans, companion animal‑associated parasitic arthropods may potentially transmit zoonotic vector‑borne pathogens (VBPs). This study aimed to molecularly detect pathogens from ticks and feas from companion dogs and cats in East and Southeast Asia. Methods: A total of 392 ticks and 248 feas were collected from 401 infested animals (i.e. 271 dogs and 130 cats) from China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam, and molecularly screened for the presence of pathogens. Ticks were tested for Rickettsia spp., Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp. and Hepato- zoon spp. while feas were screened for the presence of Rickettsia spp. and Bartonella spp. Result: Of the 392 ticks tested, 37 (9.4%) scored positive for at least one pathogen with Hepatozoon canis being the most prevalent (5.4%), followed by Ehrlichia canis (1.8%), Babesia vogeli (1%), Anaplasma platys (0.8%) and Rickettsia spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article (PDF)
    Advances in Health Sciences Research, volume 19 International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia 2019 (ISESSAH-SEA 2019) Detection of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Various Organs from Beef Cattle in Depok, West Java, Indonesia Elok Puspita Rini Agus Setiyono Dwi Astuti Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Division of Zoology IPB University IPB University Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Bogor, Indonesia Bogor, Indonesia Bogor, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] I Wayan Teguh Wibawan Vetnizah Juniantito Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine IPB University IPB University Bogor, Indonesia Bogor, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) is negative Gram especially mammals, can be a source of infection. Presence bacteria that caused zoonotic disease Q fever. The main of ectoparasite such as tick can also serve as potential reservoir of this disease are ruminants such as cow, goat, and vector for the spread of the disease. The main route of sheep. Q fever infection happened to human relatively easily infection from this disease is through inhalation but can through aerosol, direct contact, and consumption of animal also happen per oral. Direct contact or inhalation of products from infected animal that has not been appropriately handled. This disease spread to almost all secreta, excreta, and remains of aborted fetus from infected corner of the world and is a threat to food security and animal can be a source of infection to both animal and bioterrorism. Identification of C. burnetii infection in beef human.
    [Show full text]
  • Genome Sequence of Diplorickettsia Massiliensis, an Emerging Ixodes Ricinus-Associated Human Pathogen Mano Mathew, G
    Genome Sequence of Diplorickettsia massiliensis, an Emerging Ixodes ricinus-Associated Human Pathogen Mano Mathew, G. Subramanian, Thi Tien Nguyen, Catherine Robert, Oleg Mediannikov, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Didier Raoult To cite this version: Mano Mathew, G. Subramanian, Thi Tien Nguyen, Catherine Robert, Oleg Mediannikov, et al.. Genome Sequence of Diplorickettsia massiliensis, an Emerging Ixodes ricinus-Associated Human Pathogen. Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, 2012, 194 (12), pp.3287. 10.1128/JB.00448-12. hal-01709835 HAL Id: hal-01709835 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01709835 Submitted on 15 Feb 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT Genome Sequence of Diplorickettsia massiliensis, an Emerging Ixodes ricinus-Associated Human Pathogen Mano J. Mathew, Geetha Subramanian, Thi-Tien Nguyen, Catherine Robert, Oleg Mediannikov, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, and Didier Raoult Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UMR CNRS 6236—IRD 198, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France Diplorickettsia massiliensis is a gammaproteobacterium in the order Legionellales and an agent of tick-borne infection. We se- quenced the genome from strain 20B, isolated from an Ixodes ricinus tick.
    [Show full text]