C 88/8 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union 17.3.2020
OTHER ACTS
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Communication of the approval of a standard amendment to a product specification for a name in the wine sector, as referred to in Article 17(2) and (3) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/33
(2020/C 88/06)
This communication is published in accordance with Article 17(5) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/33 (1).
COMMUNICATION OF APPROVAL OF A STANDARD AMENDMENT
‘Savennières’
PDO-FR-A0158-AM01
Date of communication: 15 November 2019
DESCRIPTION OF AND REASONS FOR THE APPROVED AMENDMENT
1. Geographical area Under ‘Geographical area’ the text has been amended to read as follows: ‘All steps in production must take place in the geographical area comprising the territory of the following communes in the department of Maine-et-Loire, based on the 2018 Official Geographical Code: Bouchemaine, La Possonnière and Savennières. Maps of this geographical area can be found on the website of the National Origin and Quality Institute.’ This is an editorial change: the new list of administrative entities reflects mergers and other administrative zoning changes that have taken place since the specification was approved. For greater legal certainty, the list is now referenced to the latest version of the Official Geographical Code, updated yearly by the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). The geographical area itself remains unchanged. Finally, in the interests of better public information, the product specification now states that maps of the geographical area can be found on the National Origin and Quality Institute’s website. Point 6 of the single document (Demarcated geographical area) has been amended accordingly.
2. Area in immediate proximity In Chapter I, Section IV(3), the list of communes has been replaced by: Angers, Beaulieu-sur-Layon, Bellevigne-en-Layon (the former territory of the delegated communes of Champ-sur-Layon, Faveraye-Mâchelles, Faye-d’Anjou, Rablay-sur-Layon and Thouarcé), Blaison-Saint-Sulpice (the former territory of the delegated communes of Blaison-Gohier and Saint-Sulpice), Brissac Loire Aubance (the former territory of the delegated communes of Alleuds, Brissac-Quincé, Charcé-Saint-Ellier-sur-Aubance, Luigné, Saint-Rémy-la-Varenne, Saint-Saturnin- sur-Loire, Saulgé-l’Hôpital and Vauchrétien), Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Chaudefonds-sur-Layon, Chemillé-en-Anjou (the former territory of the delegated communes of Chanzeaux and Valanjou), Denée, Doué-en-Anjou (the former territory of the delegated commune of Brigné), Les Garennes sur Loire (the former territory of the delegated communes of Juigné-sur-Loire and Saint-Jean-des-Mauvrets), Mauges-sur-Loire (the former territory of the delegated commune of Saint-Laurent-de-la-Plaine), Mozé-sur-Louet, Mûrs-Erigné, Rochefort-sur-Loire, Sainte-Gemmes-sur-Loire, Saint- Melaine-sur-Aubance, Soulaines-sur-Aubance, Terranjou (the former territory of the delegated communes of Chavagnes, Martigné-Briand and Notre-Dame-d’Allençon) and Val-du-Layon (the former territory of the delegated communes of Saint-Aubin-de-Luigné and Saint-Lambert-du-Lattay).
(1) OJ L 9, 11.1.2019, p. 2. 17.3.2020 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Uni on C 88/9
This change reflects the various mergers of communes that have taken place since the previous version of the product specification was published. The area in immediate proximity itself remains unchanged
Point 9 of the single document (Further conditions) has been amended accordingly.
3. Agri-environmental rule
The following has been added to Section VI(2) of Chapter 1: ‘Controlled green cover, whether naturally occurring or sown, must be in place between the rows; where there is no such green cover, the grower must perform weeding or justify the use of biocontrol products approved by the public authorities for use in winegrowing. Where biocontrol weedkillers are used on a parcel, no other weedkillers may be used.’
This amendment reflects how winegrowing practices throughout the Anjou area have evolved towards an agro- ecological approach, with technical procedures increasingly influenced by environmental concerns. Promoting the presence of green cover and the use of mechanical weeding or biocontrol products reduces chemical weedkiller use. This will help to protect vineyard soils and preserve their natural functions (fertility, biodiversity, biopurification), enhancing the quality and authenticity of wines and strengthening the concept of terroir.
The single document is not affected by this amendment.
4. Harvest announcement
The following sentence has been deleted from Section VII(1) of Chapter 1: The harvest start date is set in accordance with Article D645-6 of the Rural and Maritime Fishing Code.
It is no longer necessary to set a date for beginning the harvest, as growers now have a wide range of tools at their disposal to help them accurately gauge grape ripeness. Each winegrower has access to equipment, whether owned individually or collectively, that makes it possible to pinpoint the best date to start harvesting each parcel, depending on production targets.
The single document is not affected by this amendment.
5. Winery capacity
Rather than ‘All winemakers must have the capacity to make at least 1,4 times the holding’s average yield over the last five years’, Section IX(1)(c) of Chapter 1 now states that ‘All winemakers must have the capacity to make at least 1,4 times the average volume of wine made over the last five years’.
Rather than a volume-based capacity (expressed in hl or m3), the product specification used to refer to yield, i.e. harvest volume divided by production area (for example in hl/ha). The proposed amendment remedies this inconsistency in quantities, without any change to the substance of the rule (the minimum winery capacity is still 1,4 times the average volume of wine produced in previous years).
The single document is not affected by this amendment.
6. Circulation of wines
Point IX(5)(b) of Chapter 1, which stated the date on which wines could begin circulating between authorised warehousekeepers, has been deleted.
The single document is not affected by this amendment.
7. Record keeping
In point II(3) of Chapter 2, the word ‘potential’ has been replaced by ‘natural’.
In line with all the other product specifications from the Anjou Saumur area, the terms ‘potential alcoholic strength’ or ‘alcohol content’ have been replaced with ‘natural alcoholic strength by volume’. These amendments improve the readability of the product specifications. The rules on record-keeping have been harmonised to make it easier to draw up the inspection plan and check the records.
The single document is not affected by this amendment. C 88/10 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union 17.3.2020
8. Compliance checklist Chapter 3 has been revised to ensure consistency across the checklists included in the different product specifications for Anjou Saumur wines. The single document is not affected by this amendment.
SINGLE DOCUMENT
1. Name of product Savennières
2. Type of geographical indication PDO – Protected Designation of Origin
3. Category of grapevine product
1. Wine
4. Description of the wine(s)
Product characteristics The wines are still dry, medium-dry, semi-sweet or sweet white wines with the following main analytical characteristics: - The dry wines have a minimum natural alcoholic strength of 11,5 % by volume. - The other wines have a minimum natural alcoholic strength of 12,5 % by volume. - After fermentation, the dry wines have a fermentable sugar content (glucose + fructose) of not more than 4 g per litre, or 8 g per litre where the total acidity expressed as grams of tartaric acid per litre is not more than 2 g per litre below the fermentable sugar content. - After enrichment, the total alcoholic strength by volume of the dry wines should not exceed 13 %. The volatile acidity, total acidity and total sulphur dioxide content are those laid down by EU legislation.
General analytical characteristics Maximum total alcoholic strength (in % volume) Minimum actual alcoholic strength (in % volume) 11 Minimum total acidity Maximum volatile acidity (in milliequivalents per litre) Maximum total sulphur dioxide (in milligrams per litre)
Description The wines are white and usually dry, though they may sometimes contain fermentable sugars. Their colour ranges from pale to golden yellow. The nose generally features floral scents or aromatic notes (acacia, limeflower, etc.) together with fruity notes reminiscent of pear, peach, quince, toasted almond, raisins or honey, all complemented by a slight mineral flavour. The attack on the palate is full and thick, revealing the wine’s full aromatic complexity. The finish is a mixture of freshness, a mineral flavour and a touch of bitterness, bringing harmony and balance to the wine. These wines reach their full potential after several years in the bottle. The wines containing fermentable sugars have excellent ageing capacity.
5. Winemaking practices
a. Essential oenological practices
Specific oenological practice The use of wood chips is forbidden; after enrichment the dry wines should not have a total alcoholic strength by volume of more than 13 %; 17.3.2020 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union C 88/11
For the other wines, all enrichment is banned. In addition to the above provisions, all winemaking practices followed must also comply with the requirements laid down at EU level and in the Rural and Maritime Fishing Code.
The wines must be aged until at least 15 March of the year following the year of harvest.
Planting density - Spacing
Cultivation method
Minimum planting density is 4 000 vines per hectare. Rows of vines may not be spaced more than 2,5 m apart. The vines making up a row must be spaced at least 1 m apart. The registered designation of origin may be used for vineyard parcels with a density of fewer than 4 000 – but at least 3 300 – vines per hectare, subject to compliance with certain vine-training and foliage height rules laid down in the product specification. On such parcels, the rows may not be spaced more than 3 m apart, and the vines making up a row must be spaced at least 1 m apart.
Vine pruning and training
Cultivation method
The vines must be pruned by 30 April, by the mixed pruning method, with a maximum of 12 buds per vine and 4 buds on the cane.
The foliage on the trellis must reach a height of at least 0,6 times the distance between the rows. This height is measured as the distance between the lower limit of the foliage (which must be at least 0,40 m above ground level) and the upper trimming limit (which must be at least 0,20 m above the upper trellis wire).
Vineyard parcels with a planting density of fewer than 4 000 – but at least 3 300 – vines per hectare are also subject to the following trellising rules: the trellis poles must reach at least 1,90 m above ground level, there must be four horizontal wires, and the top wire must be at least 1,85 m above ground level.
Irrigation
Cultivation method
Irrigation is not permitted.
Harvesting
Cultivation method
The grapes are selectively harvested bunch by bunch from the vine. The use of grape harvesting machines is prohibited.
b. Maximum yields
Dry and medium dry wines
50 hectolitres per hectare
Other wines
35 hectolitres per hectare
6. Demarcated geographical area
All steps in production must take place in the geographical area comprising the territory of the following communes in the department of Maine-et-Loire, based on the 2018 Official Geographical Code: Bouchemaine, La Possonnière and Savennières.
7. Main wine grape variety(ies)
Chenin B C 88/12 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union 17.3.2020
8. Description of the link(s)
1. Information on the geographical area
a) Description of the natural factors relevant to the link
The geographical area is located on the right bank of the river Loire, around 15 kilometres from the city of Angers. Its distinguishing feature is a range of south- and southeast-facing hills, varying from 500 m to 1 500 m in width and stretching for around 6 km along the Loire. In the north of the geographical area lies a large plateau, colder and exposed to the wind, which is mostly used for growing cereals and raising livestock.
The bedrock is composed of schist and schist-sandstone formations dating from the late Ordovician to the early Devonian periods, with localised seams of volcanic rock (rhyolite and spilite). At the edge of the plateau lie several Quaternary aeolian sand deposits, forming a layer of varying thickness. On the hills, the bedrock usually lies near the surface.
The geographical area stretches across the territory of three communes: Bouchemaine, La Possonnière and Savennières.
The climate is oceanic. In the Mauges area, which lies to the west of the vineyards, the oceanic characteristics are tempered by a foehn effect. The average annual rainfall is 650 mm, reflecting the area’s lack of exposure to humid winds, while on the hills of the Mauges it exceeds 800 mm. This discrepancy is even greater during the vine’s growth cycle, particularly from the month of June up until the harvesting period. The average yearly temperature is relatively high at around 12 °C. The river Loire plays a major role in regulating the temperature of the nearby hillsides, which are situated downwind of the prevailing winds, thus maintaining high temperatures at night. The Loire also plays a major role as its presence means that morning mists – essential for the development of noble rot – are a common occurrence at harvest time.
b) Description of the human factors relevant to the link
Vine-growing was initially confined to the lands near the large abbeys of Angers, but gradually spread throughout the surrounding area, and then to the hills of Pruniers and Bouchemaine in the 4th century. Towards 1130, the monks of the Abbaye Saint-Nicolas d’Angers planted a vineyard on a hill overlooking the Loire, thus giving La Roche aux Moines its name. In 1140, Benedictine nuns built a convent known as Le Prieuré in the town of La Possonière. At the time, the building was surrounded by a vast expanse of vineyards. From then onwards, ‘Savennières’ became a wine of choice for the nobility – notably so in the 15th century, at the table of ‘Good King René’ (René I of Anjou), who, after drinking a glass of wine from a plot of land to the east of the town while passing through the commune, dubbed it the goutte d’or (golden drop). Ever since, the plot of land in question has been known as Clos de la Goutte d’Or.
The main phase of the vineyards’ development took place in the 17th and 18th centuries. In Traité sur la nature et la culture de la vigne, published in 1749, Nicolas Bidet and Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau wrote: ‘The hills along the Loire, on both sides of the river, make up the different vineyards of Anjou; these hills are half a league or a quarter of a leagues distance from one another, and from Angers they extend for 7 or 8 leagues towards Brittany. They are nothing but rock, and were once completely sterile, covered in scrub, brushwood and old trees, making them inaccessible, impenetrable, and a haven for wild beasts and venomous creatures. The land, which was very difficult to clear, has now been fully cultivated and planted with vines, up until the place where the hill begins to level out and turn northwards, stretching over a quarter of a league or half a league. The hills on the right bank of the Loire going down towards Nantes are south-facing, and thus the wine made there is better and stronger than that from the hills on the left…’ The hills and plots of land near the town of Savennières were covered with vines, and every rural dwelling had several strips of land planted with vines. The registers of grievances drawn up by the Estates General shortly before the French Revolution describe the situation of the hillside vineyards. ‘Savennières: population 2 460, 1/3 planted with vines of an excellent cru … I have never seen a parish more heavily taxed than Savennières,’ wrote parish representative Monsieur Dertrou.
Substantial advancements in winemaking and plant health management in the 19th century led to a thorough transformation of the wine industry through the efforts of winery owners such as Pierre Guillory, who were keen to obtain high-quality wines and maintain the good reputation enjoyed by ‘Savennières’ wine. Many experiments were carried out; these included the use of different grape varieties (notably Madeiran Verdelho – according to Professor Maisonneuve, sixty vines were planted at the Coulée de Serrant vineyard) and experiments in terracing and trellising. Chenin B nevertheless remained the vineyards’ primary grape variety. Jules Guyot, during one of his visits there in 1865, wrote an excellent account of the methods used, including spur pruning, debudding, and harvesting when ‘many of the grapes are already overripe’. 17.3.2020 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union C 88/13
The registered designation of origin ‘Savennières’ was recognised by decree on 8 December 1952. Initially, the decree primarily focused on wines containing fermentable sugars, but through the efforts of successive chairs of the ‘Savennières’ syndicat de défense, including Michèle Bazin de Jessey, it was updated to cover dry wines, optionally also including wines containing fermentable sugars, which more accurately reflects vineyard practice and the environment’s distinctive features. In 2009, there were 34 growers farming the vineyards.
2. Information on the quality and characteristics of the product The wines are white and usually dry, though they may sometimes contain fermentable sugars. Their colour ranges from pale to golden yellow. The nose generally features floral scents or aromatic notes (acacia, limeflower, etc.) together with fruity notes reminiscent of pear, peach, quince, toasted almond, raisins or honey, all complemented by a slight mineral flavour. The attack on the palate is full and thick, revealing the wine’s full aromatic complexity. The finish is a mixture of freshness, a mineral flavour and a touch of bitterness, bringing harmony and balance to the wine. These wines reach their full potential after several years in the bottle. The wines containing fermentable sugars have excellent ageing capacity.
3. Causal interactions The area of land parcels demarcated for grape harvesting consists of south-facing parcels on sheltered hills, with very shallow soils overlaying the schist and schist-sandstone formations of the underlying bedrock, or shallow soils overlaying aeolian sands. These soils are highly gravelly and not very fertile, with good drainage capacity and poor water reserves. Winemaking in these conditions requires optimal management of the vines and their production potential. This is achieved through careful vine training, strict pruning rules and selective harvesting of the grapes bunch by bunch, including for dry wines. The growers’ expertise is evident in their continued preference for the Chenin B grape variety, which is able to fully realise its potential and its originality in this environment. They have adapted themselves to its particular qualities and its complexity by diversifying their production methods. The wines’ fermentable sugar content has traditionally varied depending on the planting location, vine management and the weather during the year of vintage. When weather conditions at the end of the harvest are good, thanks to the thermoregulating action of the Loire, the winds channelled by the river – which help the grapes to dry out – or the morning mists, semi-sweet or sweet wines can be produced from grapes that are harvested after being raisined on the vine or that are affected with noble rot (Botrytis cinerea). The growers have also been swift to adapt their vinification techniques to include methods that enable them to bring out the best in the grapes. After fermentation, the wine is aged in vats for a while so as to allow it to develop complex aromas. To this end, the product specification stipulates that such ageing must last at least until 15 March of the year following that of the harvest. The combination of such a singular natural environment, a grape variety perfectly adapted to it, and growers who know how to make full use of its potential, enables the production of unique, original wines of historical renown. André Jullien, in Topographie de tous les vignobles connus (1816), did not hesitate to class them among the best, thereby recognising their originality, quality and reputation. The ‘Savennières’ vineyards, a symbol of la douceur angevine, were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001.
9. Essential further conditions (packaging, labelling, other requirements)
Area in immediate proximity Legal framework: EU legislation Type of further condition: Derogation concerning production in the demarcated geographical area Description of the condition: C 88/14 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Union 17.3.2020
The area in immediate proximity, in which winemaking can be performed by derogation, comprises the territory of the following communes, based on the 2018 Official Geographical Code: Angers, Beaulieu-sur-Layon, Bellevigne-en-Layon (the former territory of the delegated communes of Champ-sur-Layon, Faveraye-Mâchelles, Faye-d’Anjou, Rablay-sur- Layon and Thouarcé), Blaison-Saint-Sulpice (the former territory of the delegated communes of Blaison-Gohier and Saint-Sulpice), Brissac Loire Aubance (the former territory of the delegated communes of Alleuds, Brissac-Quincé, Charcé-Saint-Ellier-sur-Aubance, Luigné, Saint-Rémy-la-Varenne, Saint-Saturnin-sur-Loire, Saulgé-l’Hôpital and Vauchrétien), Chalonnes-sur-Loire, Chaudefonds-sur-Layon, Chemillé-en-Anjou (the former territory of the delegated communes of Chanzeaux and Valanjou), Denée, Doué-en-Anjou (the former territory of the delegated commune of Brigné), Les Garennes sur Loire (the former territory of the delegated communes of Juigné-sur-Loire and Saint-Jean-des- Mauvrets), Mauges-sur-Loire (the former territory of the delegated commune of Saint-Laurent-de-la-Plaine), Mozé-sur- Louet, Mûrs-Erigné, Rochefort-sur-Loire, Sainte-Gemmes-sur-Loire, Saint-Melaine-sur-Aubance, Soulaines-sur-Aubance, Terranjou (the former territory of the delegated communes of Chavagnes, Martigné-Briand and Notre-Dame-d’Allençon) and Val-du-Layon (the former territory of the delegated communes of Saint-Aubin-de-Luigné and Saint-Lambert-du- Lattay).
Labelling Legal framework: National legislation Type of further condition: Additional provisions relating to labelling Description of the condition: All optional indications must be printed on the labels in letters that are no larger, either in height or in width, than twice the size of the letters spelling the name of the registered designation of origin. The registered designation of origin may be supplemented by the geographical name ‘Val de Loire’ in accordance with the rules laid down in the product specification. The geographical name ‘Val de Loire’ must be printed in letters that are no larger, either in height or in width, than two thirds the size of the letters spelling the registered designation of origin. In commercial documents and shipping documents and on labels, the wines must be described as ‘medium dry’, ‘semi- sweet’ or ‘sweet’ according to the fermentable sugar content (glucose and fructose), as defined by EU legislation. On labels, these terms must appear in the same visual field as the registered designation of origin. The name of a smaller geographical unit may appear on the labels of wines covered by the registered designation of origin, provided that: - it is a registered location; - it appears on the harvest declaration. The name of the registered location must be printed in letters that are no larger, either in height or in width, than half the size of the letters spelling the registered designation of origin.
Link to the product specification
https://info.agriculture.gouv.fr/gedei/site/bo-agri/document_administratif-a87a8bc4-187d-4cf2-82e7-f4a10eb68f12