PEOPLE and events YOU WILL MEET IN THE CHURCHS STORY 12C Nicolaus Copernicus 1473 – 1543, Polish astronomer & mathematician who believed that the earth revolved around the sun. Francis Bacon 1561 – 1626

Renaissance author, courtier & father of inductive reasoning Galileo Galilei 1564 – 1642. Scientist, inventor and one of the greatest minds of all time. Sir Isaac Newton 1642 – 1727, scientist who outlined the Laws of Motion in physics. Albert Einstein 1879 – 1955, German known for his involvement in physics & the famous E=MC2 Charles Darwin 1809 – 1882, English naturalist & wrote Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection Rene Descartes 1595 – 1650 French Mathematician & Francois-Marie Arouet de Voltaire 1694 – 1778

French author & philosopher 1632 – 1704

English philosopher, medical researcher & physician Napoleon Bonaparte 1769 – 1821

Ambition is never content even on the summit of greatness. Louis XVI 1754 – 1793 King of , husband of Marie Antoinette, brought oppressive taxation, instituted financial & judicial reforms. Executed 1793 by the people. Madame Guillotine

The form of execution during the time of the . George III 1760 – 1820 British King married to Charlotte of Meckinburg- Strelitz in 1761, had 15 children, suffered from porphyria which made him mad. American Revolution 1776: French Revolution 1789, France becomes a Republic. The Storming of the Bastille July 1789 France 1723 – 1790

English economist & philosopher Karl Marx 1818 – 1883 philosopher, social scientist, historian & revolutionary who wrote Das Kapital.

He said, Religion was the opium of the masses.

Jean-Marie Vianney 1786 – 1859, who was canonised in 1925. His body remains incorrupted.

Edmund Rice 1762 – 1844 Irish man married to Mary Elliott in 1785. She died in childbirth in 1789. They had a disabled daughter. In 1802 he chose to help the quay kids of Waterford. The Christian Brothers continue his work today.

Eugene De Mazenod 1782 – 1861 Bishop & founder of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate Anne Marie Javouhey 1779 – 1851 Founder of the Sisters of St.Joseph of Cluny Marcellin Champagnet 1789 – 1840 French man founder of Marist Brothers. Mary Teresa Ball 1794 – 1861 Irish woman founder of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Catherine McAuley 1778 – 1841

Founder of the Sisters of Mercy. 1797 – 1855 Austrian founder of the Institute if Charity: . Jean-Claude Colin 1789 – 1875 French founder of the Society of Mary. John Bosco 1815 – 1888

Italian founder of the Salesians.

Herbert Vaughan 1832 – 1903

Founder of the Mill Hill Missionaries. Antoinette Fage 1824 – 1883 & Etienne Pernet 1824 – 1899 French founders of the Little Sisters of the Assumption. Mary MacKillop 1842 – 1909

Founder of the Sisters of St.Joseph & Australia's first saint. Charles Lavigerie 1825 – 1892 Cardinal & founder of Missionaries of Africa known as the White Fathers. Suzanne Aubert 1835 – 1926

Irish woman who came to New Zealand and foundered the Sisters of Compassion.

Pauline Jaricot 1799 – 1862

French woman & founder of the Propagation of the Faith. St.Margaret Mary Alacoque 1647 – 1690

French

Her body is incorrupted. Giovanni Mastai Ferretti 1792 – 1878 became Pope Pius IX 1846 - 1878 1506- 1552

Jesuit priest & missionary. His body is incorrupted. Vincent Lebbe 1877 – 1940

Belgian who worked as a missionary in China. Edward Galvin 1882 – 1956

Founder of the Columban Fathers Charles Lwanga 1865 – 1886 & 21 companions were executed for their faith in Uganda. Thomas & Mary Poynton who arrived in the Hokianga in 1828. Jean Baptiste Francois Pompallier

1802 – 1871 A French man who became the first Bishop of New Zealand. Peter Chanel 1803 – 1841

Marist priest martyred on Futuna Island & is Patron of Oceania. Damien de Veuster

1840 – 1889 Known as Fr Damien looked after the Leper colony until he eventually died of the disease himself. 1805 – 1872

Italian Nationalist and Politician. 1807 – 1888. Italian patriot, soldier and instigator of in 1869. Victor Emmanuel III reigned 1869 – 1947 as King of , Emperor of Ethiopia and King of Albania. First Vatican Council 1869 - 1870 Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci 1810 – 1903 elected as Pope Leo XIII in 1878. Giuseppe Melchiorro Sarto 1835 – 1914 elected Pope Pius X in 1903. Giacomo della Chiesa 1854 – 1922 elected Pope Benedict XV in 1914. World War I 1914 - 1918 Survivors of a Mustard Gas attack during WW I Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti 1857 – 1939 elected Pope Pius XI in 1922. Russian Revolution 1917. Vladimir Lenin 1870 – 1924

Leader of the Russian Revolution and he became leader of Russia from 1917 – 1924. Joseph Jughashvlli later know as Stalin, 1878 – 1953. Leader of Russia from 1924 – 1953, it is said he was responsible for the death of over 40 million Russians. Nikolai Alexsandrovich Romanov 1868 – 1918. Tsar Nicholas II with his family. He was Emperor of Russia. King of Poland Grand Duke of Finland. All the family were murdered at the start of the Russian Revolution. Nicholas II and his family were canonised by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1981. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini 1883 – 1843.Italian Fascist leader from 1922 – 1943. Adolf Hitler 1889 – 1945, leader of the Nazi Party and Chancellor of Germany. When they came for the communist I remained silent; I was not a communist.

When they locked up the social democrats I remained silent; I was not a social democrat.

When they came for the trade unions I did not speak out; I was not a trade unionist.

When they came for the Jews, I did not speak out; I was not a Jew. Pastor Martin Niemoller When they came for me, 1892 – 1984 there was no one left to speak out. German Lutheran. 1891 – 1942 born into the Jewish tradition but converted to Catholicism & became Teresa Benedict of the Cross a Carmelite nun. She was killed in Auschwitz. Eugenio Pacelli 1876 – 1958 elected Pope Pius XII in 1939. World War II 1939 – 1945. World War II memorial in Europe.

The Russian Front 1942 Auschwitz & Belsen concentration camps in which over 6 million Jews died. 6 August 1945 at 8:15 am the first Nuclear Bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in Japan. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli 1881 – 1963 elected Pope John XXIII in 1958. Second Vatican Council 1962 - 1965 Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Moutini 1897 – 1978 elected Pope Paul VI in 1963. First Pope to visit 5 Continents. Albino Luciani 1912 – 1978 elected in 1978. He was Pope for 33 days. Karol Jozef Wojtyla 1920 – 2005 elected Pope John Paul II in 1978. Joseph Ratzinger 1927 elected Pope Benedict XVI in 2005.