Lichen-associated bacterial diversity in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt A final report for the Explorers Club Exploration Fund, Diversa Award, 2007 Submitted April 2008 Brendan P. Hodkinson PhD Candidate, Biology Department Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 443-340-0917;
[email protected] Google Earth™ view of the eastern portion of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, facing east from ~20 miles above the Valley of Mexico. Major landmarks include three volcanoes (Iztaccíhuatl, Popocatépetl, and Pico de Orizaba), a crater lake (Laguna Alchichica), and two major cities (Puebla and Xalapa). 2 In August 2007, I traveled to the biologically diverse eastern portion of the Trans- Mexican Volcanic Belt to collect fresh lichen specimens for my studies of bacterial diversity. My journey began in the city of Puebla, where I spent my first night. Nearby was the Parque Nacional Izta-Popo, home to North America’s second and third highest volcanoes, Popocatépetl (5,452 m) and Iztaccíhuatl (5,230 m). Iztaccíhuatl is the smaller of the two volcanoes, and, unlike Popocatépetl, is no longer active. Also, the peak of Iztaccíhuatl is the lowest point in Mexico with permanent snow and glaciers. This is a perfect place for sampling lichens because, in a relatively short amount of time, diverse lichen samples can be collected from a variety of elevations (at least 3,000 m of elevation change within the park). First morning in Mexico. Volcán Popocatépetl seen from the city of Puebla, with a hint of Volcán Iztaccíhuatl behind my head. 3 I then traveled to the state of Veracruz, an area that is world renown for its amazing biodiversity.