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US5357095.Pdf |||||||||||I|| USOO5357095A United States Patent (19) (11) Patent Number: 5,357,095 Weyrauch et al. 45 Date of Patent: Oct. 18, 1994 54) REAGENT BOTTLE IDENTIFICATION AND 4,972,475 11/1990 Sant'Anselmo....................... 380/54 REAGENT MONITORING SYSTEM FOR A 5, 153,418 10/1992 Batterman et al. ................. 235/494 CHEMICAL ANALYZER Primary Examiner-Davis L. Willis 75 Inventors: Bruce Weyrauch, Newman Lake; Assistant Examiner-Edward Sikorski Norman Kelln, Spokane; Leon Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Wells, St. John, Roberts, Schmidt, Spokane; Charles Butts, Gregory & Matkin Spokane; James Clark, Spokane; Kelsey Loughlin, Spokane; Gary (57) ABSTRACT Richardson, Mica, all of Wash. An automatic chemical analyzer utilizes reagents sup plied in reagent bottles. The reagent bottles are labeled 73 Assignee: Schiapparelli Biosystems, Inc., on their bottom surfaces with an identification label Fairfield, N.J. bearing a machine-readable identification code. The 21 Appl. No.: 916,221 automatic chemical analyzer includes a reagent tray having a plurality of tray apertures therein which re 22 Filed: Jul. 16, 1992 ceive coded reagent bottles and which expose the bot (51) Int. Cl. ............................................. G06K 19/06 tom surface of each bottle for optical viewing of the (52) U.S. Cl. ..................................... 235/494; 235/375 machine-readable identification code. The analyzer 58 Field of Search ............... 235/494, 454, 487, 375; further includes optical scanner means positioned below 382/48, 68 the reagent tray for reading the machine-readable iden tification code on the bottom surfaces of reagent bottles (56) References Cited within the tray apertures. The tray apertures are selec U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS tively located over the optical scanner means so that the 3,414,731 12/1968 Sperry ................................. 235/464 analyzer can identify the reagent bottle and the contents 3,553,438 1/1971 Blitz et al. ........................... 235/464 thereof. 3,600,556 8/1971 Acker .................................. 235/464 The identification label has a spaced pair of position 3,643,068 2/1972 Mohan et al. ....................... 235/464 reference dots defining and orienting a label area. A 3,671,718 6/1972 Genzel et al. ....................... 235/464 plurality of bit fields surround the position reference 3,701,098 10/1972 Acker .............. ... 382/68 X dots, their positions being defined by the position refer 3,743,820 7/1973 Willits et al. ........ 235/464 3,864,548 2/1975 O'Neil, Jr. et al. - 235/464 ence dots. Each bit field maps to a single bit of a multi 4,493,989 1/1985 Hampson et al. ....... 235/464 bit binary bottle identification code. Bit dots are printed 4,745,269 5/1988 Van Gils ............. ... 235/454 in selected bit fields to define the binary value of each 4,760,247 7/1988 Keane et al. ................ ... 235/454 bit of the multi-bit binary identification code. 4,924,078 5/1990 Sant'Anselmo et al. ........... 235/487 4,939,354 7/1990 Priddy et al. ....................... 235/494 3 Claims, 10 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 1 of 10 5,357,095 2 SN S Ss U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 2 of 10 5,357,095 U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 3 of 10 5,357,095 fi U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 4 of 10 5 357,095 U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 5 of 10 5,357,095 U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 6 of 10 5,357,095 Imlil IIHE \ S471 AS Y Y. For s es any a er-Arts yS (ese M A. ar Y. act e e s O o A. O NS 2 W U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 7 of 10 5,357,095 ÑANNYSOE V U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 8 of 10 5,357,095 U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 9 of 10 5,357,095 Air av - ZZZ U.S. Patent Oct. 18, 1994 Sheet 10 of 10 5,357,095 25 3.25 O' O O O O O O 43 42 41 40 39 33 37.36 3.534 3,332 31 JO29 282726 252423 222 12O 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 1 1 1 O 9 8 7 Zrr z7 - Zaf 5,357,095 1. 2 trols the sequencing of tests based upon predetermined REAGENT BOTTLE IDENTIFICATION AND priority schedules, rather than defined test sequences REAGENT MONITORNG SYSTEM FOR A dictated by the nature of the tests being conducted. CHEMICAL ANALYZER The automated controls for the present chemical analyzer minimize operator training and required skill TECHNICAL FIELD levels. Reagent bottles are automatically read and iden This disclosure pertains to a clinical chemistry analy tified by applied computer coded labels. Sample and zer for testing of patient samples, such as blood or urine. reagent Sensing that occurs automatically during opera It generally relates to automatic chemical analyzers for tion of the analyzer notifies the operator of depleted directly measuring properties of reacted liquids by pho 10 liquid conditions as they occur. tometric systems. It specifically pertains to an identifi Further details concerning the system will be evident cation system for regent bottles used in conjunction from the following description. with the testing instrument, including machine-readable labels affixed to the bottles, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 15 The preferred embodiment of the invention is illus BACKGROUND OF INVENTION trated in the accompanying drawings, in which: Automated analyzers have been developed for bio FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the chemical analysis of patient samples such as whole principal components in the analyzer; blood, serum, urine, plasma and cerebral spinal fluid. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the analyzer; Most such equipment available today is complicated to 20 FIG. 3 is a plan view of the chemical instrument operate, large in size and high in cost. enclosure; The operation of such equipment is technically com FIG. 4 is a plan view of the chemical instrument plicated. It typically requires specialized operators to be enclosure with the cover removed; available at all times, with commensurate personnel expenses being encountered. It is usually designed for 25 FIG. 5 is a front elevation view of the enclosure; use by large laboratories serving a wide geographic area FIG. 6 is a plan view of the assembled sample/rea or by a large medical facility. These existing analyzers gent tray; carry out tests in a defined sequence of operations de FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 in signed for efficient, high volume usage. FIG. 6; Such large scale capacity is not always required, 30 FIG. 8 is a plan view of the reagent tray; particularly in smaller medical clinics where large vol FIG. 9 is a side elevation view of a cup segment umes of blood samples are not encountered on a daily removed from the tray; basis. The present chemical analyzer was developed to FIG. 10 is a plan view of the supporting platform meet the practical needs of smaller medical settings. It is well; designed as a desk-top unit that can be operated without 35 FIG. 11 is a bottom view of a labelled bottle; specialized laboratory training. Its throughput is ade FIG. 12 is a similar view, showing the label encoding quate for meeting typical clinical applications. As an pattern; and example, it can be designed to produce a maximum of FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic view of the label reading 164 test results per hour for routine, single reagent equipment in a chemical instrument. chemistries. To provide a representative wide number 40 of reagents, the analyzer has been designed to have a DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE capacity of 40 reagent containers of two different sizes PREFERRED EMBODIMENT on board. Its capacity can be effectively doubled by This disclosure of the invention is submitted in fur utilizing two of the chemistry instruments in tandem, therance of the constitutional purposes of the U.S. Pa both being controlled by a common workstation. 45 tent Laws "to promote the progress of science and The compact nature of the analyzer can be partially useful arts' (Article 1, Section 8). attributed to the fact that a single probe arm and pipette service all of the functional liquid-handling components System Overview included within it. The common pipette is used for The automatic chemical analyzer (generally illus transferring samples and reagents, as well as for diluting SO trated in FIGS. 1-3) includes a turntable 11 rotatably liquids as needed by particular test requirements. mounted about a first vertical axis. A plurality of dispos To obtain large volumes of tests, conventional labora able cuvettes 10 are releasably mounted to the turntable tory analyzers are programmed to conduct test proce 11. A first power means, shown as motor 12, is operably dures in a fixed sequence of events. While predeter connected to turntable 11 for alternately (1) indexing it mined test sequences are practical in high volume chem 55 at a stationary angular position about the first axis with ical analyzer applications, there is a need for more flexi a selected cuvette 10 positioned at a cuvette access ble operation when scaling such test procedures to meet station A or (2) turning it about the first axis while the needs of smaller medical facilities. mixing or centrifuging contents of cuvettes mounted to The present invention provides testing flexibility by it. permitting random access to each cuvette on a test First analytical means, illustrated as an optical system turntable and to each container (cups, wells and reagent 14, is provided adjacent to the turntable 11 for perform bottles) on a sample/reagent tray.
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