Density-Dependent Prophylaxis in Crowded Beet Webworm
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Evaluation of Eleven Plant Species As Potential Banker Plants to Support Predatory Orius Sauteri in Tea Plant Systems
insects Article Evaluation of Eleven Plant Species as Potential Banker Plants to Support Predatory Orius sauteri in Tea Plant Systems Ruifang Zhang, Dezhong Ji, Qiuqiu Zhang and Linhong Jin * State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China; [email protected] (R.Z.); [email protected] (D.J.); [email protected] (Q.Z.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +186-8517-4719 Simple Summary: The tea plant is an economically significant beverage crop globally, especially in China. However, tea green leafhoppers and thrips are key pests in Asian tea production systems, causing serious damage to its yield and quality. With growing concerns about pesticide residues on tea and their adverse effects on natural enemies of tea pests, biological pest control is gaining more importance in tea plantations. Orius sauteri is a polyphagous predator used as a biological control agent. Here, we reported 11 plants as banker plants to support the predatory Orius sauteri in tea plant systems. Among them, white clover, red bean, mung bean, peanut, soybean, kidney bean, bush vetch, smooth vetch, and common vetch were found suitable; red bean performed relatively better than the others. Abstract: Tea green leafhoppers and thrips are key pests in tea plantations and have widely invaded those of Asian origin. Pesticides are currently a favorable control method but not desirable for frequent use on tea plants. To meet Integrated Pest Management (IPM) demand, biological control Citation: Zhang, R.; Ji, D.; Zhang, Q.; with a natural enemy is viewed as the most promising way. -
Tubulinosema Loxostegi Sp. N. (Microsporidia: Tubulinosematidae) from the Beet Webworm Loxostege Sticticalis L
Acta Protozool. (2013) 52: 299–308 http://www.eko.uj.edu.pl/ap ACTA doi:10.4467/16890027AP.13.027.1319 PROTOZOOLOGICA Tubulinosema loxostegi sp. n. (Microsporidia: Tubulinosematidae) from the Beet Webworm Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Western Siberia Julia M. MALYSH1, Yuri S. TOKAREV1, Natalia V. SITNICOVA2, Vyacheslav V. MARTEMYA- NOV3, Andrei N. FROLOV1 and Irma V. ISSI1 1 All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Russia; 2 Institute of Zoology, Chisinau, Moldova; 3 Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Novosibirsk, Russia Abstract. Adults of beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis were collected in Western Siberia in 2009 and 2010. A microsporidium was found infecting 12 of 50 moths in 2010. The parasite develops in direct contact with host cell cytoplasm, sporogony is presumably disporoblastic. The spores are ovoid, diplokaryotic, 4.2 × 2.4 µm in size (fresh), without a sporophorous vesicle. Electron microscopy showed: (a) tubules on the surface of sporoblasts and immature spores; (b) slightly anisofilar polar tube with 10–14 coils, last 2–3 coils of lesser electron density; (c) bipartite polaroplast with anterior and posterior parts composed of thin and thick lamellae, respectively; (d) an indentation in the region of the anchoring disc; (e) an additional layer of electron-dense amorphous matter on the exospore surface. The spore ultrastructure is char- acteristic of the genus Tubulinosema. Sequencing of small subunit and large subunit ribosomal RNA genes showed 98–99.6% similarity of this parasite to the Tubulinosema species available on Genbank. A new species Tubulinosema loxostegi sp. n. is established. Key words: Beet webworm, microsporidia, taxonomy, molecular phylogenetics, Tubulinosema. -
Alfalfa Webworm
Pest Profile Photo credit: (Left) John Capinera, University of Florida, Bugwood.org; (Right) Frank Peairs, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org Common Name: Alfalfa Webworm Scientific Name: Loxostege cereralis Order and Family: Lepidoptera, Crambidae Size and Appearance: Length (mm) Appearance Egg The eggs are oval-shaped and somewhat flattened on the bottom; the eggs are strongly convex on the upper surface. When they are first laid, the eggs are pearly white in color and turn yellow as the larvae develop within. A day or two before hatching, a black spot appears. Larva 25.4-38.1 mm The larvae are greenish-yellow in color and have three elongate, black spots that are arranged in a triangle on the upper portion on the side of each segment except for the front three segments. Bristly hairs project from each spot. The head is light in color. The caterpillar has five pairs of prolegs on the abdomen, with the hooks on each proleg forming an almost complete circle. The larvae usually spin webs over the leaves that they feed upon. Adult Wingspan: The forewings of the adult moths are a whitish or pale gray with 30-34 mm several longitudinal black and brown streaks; a whitish or pale- yellow patch is positioned in the middle area near the anterior margin of the wing. The subterminal areas of the forewings are yellow. The hindwings are gray with darker shading along the veins. The fringe of the hindwings are pale gray. Pupa (if The larvae construct an earthen cell that is lined with silk. The applicable) pupa itself is light yellow to dark brown which is dependent on their age. -
Artemisia Vulgaris (Mugwort)
Artemisia vulgaris Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort Introduction The genus Artemisia includes more than 300 species, which are distributed Photo unavailable primarily in temperate regions and subtropics of Asia, Europe and North America. In China, there are 186 species and 44 varieties belonging to 2 subgenera with a nationwide distribution. Members of the genus Artemisia are well-known as aromatic herbs[103]. Species of Artemisia in China (see next page) long densely ciliate hairs at the top of Leaves of Artemisia vulgaris. Taxonomy the style. Fruits, appearing from August Family: Compositae to October together with flowers, are [103] Economic Importance (Asteraceae) obovate or ovate achenes . In addition to the volatile oil psilostachyin, Genus: Artemisia L. which contributes to its strong aroma, Habitat mugwort also contains other medically Description Mugwort grows in high-elevation pastures, active ketones and alkaloids. Mugwort Commonly known as mugwort, Artemisia forest edges, valleys, hillside wasteland, is also used as a livestock feed[103]. [112][103] vulgaris is a perennial herb that can ditches, and roadsides . reach 60-160 cm high, with many thin Related Species lateral roots. The branched, purplish- Distribution In China, mugwort, the common name brown stems are parallel grooved, with In China, mugwort has been reported of Artemisia vulgaris is often confused ascending twigs covered with short to occur in Shaanxi and Qinghai at with A. argyi, which is a common hairs. Leaves are papery, pubescent, elevations above 2,500 m, as well inhabitant of wastelands, roadsides, dark green on the upper surface, and as in western Gansu and Xinjiang at riversides, and hilly slopes, as well [103] have various shapes depending on elevations of 1,500 to 2,100 m . -
Diversity of the Moth Fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a Wetland Forest: a Case Study from Motovun Forest, Istria, Croatia
PERIODICUM BIOLOGORUM UDC 57:61 VOL. 117, No 3, 399–414, 2015 CODEN PDBIAD DOI: 10.18054/pb.2015.117.3.2945 ISSN 0031-5362 original research article Diversity of the moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of a wetland forest: A case study from Motovun forest, Istria, Croatia Abstract TONI KOREN1 KAJA VUKOTIĆ2 Background and Purpose: The Motovun forest located in the Mirna MITJA ČRNE3 river valley, central Istria, Croatia is one of the last lowland floodplain 1 Croatian Herpetological Society – Hyla, forests remaining in the Mediterranean area. Lipovac I. n. 7, 10000 Zagreb Materials and Methods: Between 2011 and 2014 lepidopterological 2 Biodiva – Conservation Biologist Society, research was carried out on 14 sampling sites in the area of Motovun forest. Kettejeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia The moth fauna was surveyed using standard light traps tents. 3 Biodiva – Conservation Biologist Society, Results and Conclusions: Altogether 403 moth species were recorded Kettejeva 1, 6000 Koper, Slovenia in the area, of which 65 can be considered at least partially hygrophilous. These results list the Motovun forest as one of the best surveyed regions in Correspondence: Toni Koren Croatia in respect of the moth fauna. The current study is the first of its kind [email protected] for the area and an important contribution to the knowledge of moth fauna of the Istria region, and also for Croatia in general. Key words: floodplain forest, wetland moth species INTRODUCTION uring the past 150 years, over 300 papers concerning the moths Dand butterflies of Croatia have been published (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8). -
Pseudognathobotys, New Genus with Two New Species of Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera Pyraloidea Crambidae)
Belgian Journal ofEntomology 3 (200 1) : 195-200 Pseudognathobotys, new genus with two new species of Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera Pyraloidea Crambidae) K.V.N.MAEs AgroBioSys Int,. Kleine Smetledestraat 192, B-9230 Wetteren, Belgium. Present address : National Museums of Kenya, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, P.O.Box 40658 Nairobi, Kenya (e-mail : [email protected]). Summary A new genus Pseudognathobotys is described for two new species, P. africalis and P. diffusalis from the Afrotropical region. The genus takes a special place among the Pyraustinae because of the presence of a strongly developed pseudognathos. · Keywords : Pseudognathobotys gen.n., P. africalis sp. n., P. di.ffusalis sp. n., Pyraus tinae, Afrotropical region. Samenvatting Een nieuw genus Pseudognathobotys wordt hier beschreven met twee nieuwe soar ten : P. africalis en P. di.ffusalis, beide van Afrika. Omwille van de sterk ontwikkelde pseudognathos neemt dit genus een speciale plaats in de systematiek van de Pyraus tinae. Introduction A new genus, Pseudognathobotys, is here described from specimens from the afrotropical region. It takes a remarkable place in the Pyraustinae because of the presence of a strongly developed pseudognathos (MAEs, 1998) in the male genitalia. The pseudognathos is usually poorly developed or absent in most Pyraustinae, here it consists of two strongly developed lateral arms on the tegumen, separated or medially fused, forming a strongly sclerotized hook. Munroeodes AMSEL, 1957 from the neotropical region has also a strongly developed pseudognathos (erroneously considered as a gnathos by MUNROE, 1964) but the morphology of the male and female genitalia is quite different in • 196 K.V.N.MAEs }?oth genera. -
Russia) 265-280 © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; Download Unter
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomofauna Jahr/Year: 2016 Band/Volume: 0037 Autor(en)/Author(s): Poltawski Alexander N., Ilyina Elena V. Artikel/Article: New records of some rare Noctuoidea and Pyraloidea in Daghestan Republic (Russia) 265-280 © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.zobodat.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 37, Heft 16: 265-280 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 4. Januar 2016 New records of some rare Noctuoidea and Pyraloidea in Daghestan Republic (Russia) Alexander N. POLTAVSKY & Elena V. ILYINA Abstract New and rare Lepidoptera species in Daghestan republic in the period 2013–2014 are reported. Among them the first records for Russia: Aglossa asiatica (ERSCHOFF, 1872) and Ecpyrrhorrhoe diffusalis (GUENÉE, 1854) (Pyraloidea), Agrotis lasserrei (OBER THÜR, 1881) and Arcyophora dentula (LEDERER, 1870) (Noctuoidea); the first records for Daghestan: Stiphrometasia monialis (ERSCHOFF, 1872), Achyra nudalis (HÜBNER, 1796), Paratalanta cultralis (STAUDINGER, 1867), Udea austriacalis (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, 1851), Agrotera nemoralis (SCOPOLI, 1763), Loxostege aeruginalis (HÜBNER, 1796) and Ephelis cruentalis (GEYER, 1832) (Pyraloidea), Photedes morrisii (DALE, 1837) (Noctuoidea). Key words: Noctuoidea, Pyraloidea, republic of Daghestan, North-East Caucasus, Russia, first records. 265 Heft 16- 265-280 Poltavsky-New records of some rare Noctuoidea_Z2.indd 265 23.11.15 20:29 © Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; -
Identification and Molecular Characterization of a Chitin-Binding Protein from the Beet Webworm, Loxostege Sticticalis L
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 19147-19161; doi:10.3390/ijms151019147 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Article Identification and Molecular Characterization of a Chitin-Binding Protein from the Beet Webworm, Loxostege sticticalis L. Jiao Yin 1, Shuang Yang 1, Kebin Li 1, Wei Guo 2,* and Yazhong Cao 1,* 1 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.Y.); [email protected] (S.Y.); [email protected] (K.L.) 2 Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: [email protected] (W.G.); [email protected] (Y.C.); Tel./Fax: +86-108-071-5483 (W.G.); +86-106-281-5619 (Y.C). External Editor: Charles A. Collyer Received: 29 August 2014; in revised form: 26 September 2014 / Accepted: 13 October 2014 / Published: 22 October 2014 Abstract: As the first crucial barrier in the midgut of insects, the peritrophic membrane (PM) plays an important role in preventing external invasion. PM proteins, as the major components of the PM, determine the structure and function of this membrane. A new PM protein, named LstiCBP, from the PM of Loxostege sticticalis larvae was identified using cDNA library screening. The full cDNA of LstiCBP is 2606 bp in length and contains a 2403 bp ORF that encodes an 808-amino acid preprotein with a 15-amino acid as signal peptide. -
The Tachinid Times February 2014, Issue 27 INSTRUCTIONS to AUTHORS Chief Editor James E
Table of Contents Articles Studying tachinids at the top of the world. Notes on the tachinids of Northeast Greenland 4 by T. Roslin, J.E. O’Hara, G. Várkonyi and H.K. Wirta 11 Progress towards a molecular phylogeny of Tachinidae, year two by I.S. Winkler, J.O. Stireman III, J.K. Moulton, J.E. O’Hara, P. Cerretti and J.D. Blaschke On the biology of Loewia foeda (Meigen) (Diptera: Tachinidae) 15 by H. Haraldseide and H.-P. Tschorsnig 20 Chasing tachinids ‘Down Under’. Expeditions of the Phylogeny of World Tachinidae Project. Part II. Eastern Australia by J.E. O’Hara, P. Cerretti, J.O. Stireman III and I.S. Winkler A new range extension for Erythromelana distincta Inclan (Tachinidae) 32 by D.J. Inclan New tachinid records for the United States and Canada 34 by J.E. O’Hara 41 Announcement 42 Tachinid Bibliography 47 Mailing List Issue 27, 2014 The Tachinid Times February 2014, Issue 27 INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS Chief Editor JAMES E. O'HARA This newsletter accepts submissions on all aspects of tach- inid biology and systematics. It is intentionally maintained as a InDesign Editor OMBOR MITRA non-peer-reviewed publication so as not to relinquish its status as Staff JUST US a venue for those who wish to share information about tachinids in an informal medium. All submissions are subjected to careful editing and some are (informally) reviewed if the content is thought ISSN 1925-3435 (Print) to need another opinion. Some submissions are rejected because ISSN 1925-3443 (Online) they are poorly prepared, not well illustrated, or excruciatingly bor- ing. -
Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) Inferred from DNA and Morphology 141-204 77 (1): 141 – 204 2019
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 77 Autor(en)/Author(s): Mally Richard, Hayden James E., Neinhuis Christoph, Jordal Bjarte H., Nuss Matthias Artikel/Article: The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology 141-204 77 (1): 141 – 204 2019 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2019. The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology Richard Mally *, 1, James E. Hayden 2, Christoph Neinhuis 3, Bjarte H. Jordal 1 & Matthias Nuss 4 1 University Museum of Bergen, Natural History Collections, Realfagbygget, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway; Richard Mally [richard. [email protected], [email protected]], Bjarte H. Jordal [[email protected]] — 2 Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Ser- vices, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA; James E. Hayden [[email protected]] — 3 Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Botanik, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Christoph Neinhuis [[email protected]] — 4 Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde, Königsbrücker Landstraße 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany; Matthias Nuss [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author Accepted on March 14, 2019. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on May 17, 2019. Published in print on June 03, 2019. Editors in charge: Brian Wiegmann & Klaus-Dieter Klass. Abstract. Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae form a species-rich monophylum of Crambidae (snout moths). Morphological distinction of the two groups has been diffcult in the past, and the morphologically heterogenous Spilomelinae has not been broadly accepted as a natural group due to the lack of convincing apomorphies. -
An Annotated Checklist of the Crambidae of the Region of Murcia (Spain) with New Records, Distribution and Biological Data (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae)
Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e69388 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e69388 Taxonomic Paper An annotated checklist of the Crambidae of the region of Murcia (Spain) with new records, distribution and biological data (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae) Manuel J. Garre‡‡, John Girdley , Juan J. Guerrero‡‡, Rosa M. Rubio , Antonio S. Ortiz‡ ‡ Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain Corresponding author: Antonio S. Ortiz ([email protected]) Academic editor: Shinichi Nakahara Received: 29 May 2021 | Accepted: 20 Jul 2021 | Published: 03 Aug 2021 Citation: Garre MJ, Girdley J, Guerrero JJ, Rubio RM, Ortiz AS (2021) An annotated checklist of the Crambidae of the region of Murcia (Spain) with new records, distribution and biological data (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e69388. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69388 Abstract Background The Murcia Region (osouth-eastern Iberian Peninsula) has a great diversity of Lepidopteran fauna, as a zoogeographical crossroads and biodiversity hotspot with more than 850 butterflies and moth species recorded. New information In the present paper, based on an examination of museum specimens, published records and new samples, a comprehensive and critical species list of Crambidae moths (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) is synthesised. In total, 8 subfamilies, 50 genera and 106 species have been recorded and these are listed along with their collection, literature references and biological data including chorotype, voltinism and the flight period in the study area. The subfamilies are as follows: Acentropinae, Crambinae, Glaphyriinae, © Garre M et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
Detection of Microsporidia Infecting Beet Webworm Loxostege Sticticalis (Pyraloidea: Crambidae) in European Part of Russia in 2006–2008 J.M
45 OECD+WoS: 1.06+IY http://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2019-2(100)-45-51 Full-text Article DETECTION OF MICROSPORIDIA INFECTING BEET WEBWORM LOXOSTEGE STICTICALIS (PYRALOIDEA: CRAMBIDAE) IN EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA IN 2006–2008 J.M. Malysh*, A.G. Kononchuk, A.N. Frolov All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, Russia * corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] The beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis (L.) is a major insect pest that causes serious damage of agricultural crops in Russia, China and adjacent countries. Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that negatively affect population density of many insect hosts including Lepidoptera. In particular, infection with microsporidia is an important mortality factor for L. sticticalis. Special methodology for the identification of microsporidia associated with terrestrial insects is required. In the present paper we report the results of screening beet webworm moths for microsporidia using two techniques, i.e. light microscopy (LM) and PCR. Adult moths were sampled in 2006–2008 in the European part of Russia: Rostov Region, Krasnodar Territory and Republic of Bashkortostan. Microsporidia infections were detected in insects collected from all sampling sites. Examination of smears by LM showed presence of microsporidian spores in 3.4 % of samples (N=98). PCR analysis of the same dataset was positive in 6.7 % of samples, including those containing and not containing spores. The higher infection rate determined by PCR is likely connected with the fact that only mature spores 46 Malysh J.M. at al. / Plant Protection News 2(100) – 2019, p. 45–51 can be unequivocally identified by LM, whereas PCR also allows detection of otherdevelopmental stages of microsporidia.