GOVERNING Magazine November 2016
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THE STATES AND LOCALITIES November 2016 The New Voting Crisis Election booth, c. 1970 GOV11_Cover.indd 1 10/18/16 1:26 PM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN Only18 % of surveyed legislators currently sit on a committee with cybersecurity as part of its mandate. Download the Cybersecurity Policy Guide at: governing.com/cyberguide Produced by: __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN VOL. 30, NO. 2 11.2016 Development rises near a new Metro station in Northern Virginia. 26 FALLING APART AT THE POLLS 46 SICK TRANSIT Obsolete voting machines are impeding the The problems of Washington, D.C.’s Metro are many election process. But there’s no cheap solution and daunting. But the biggest one may be a lack of to the problem. public commitment. By J.B. Wogan By Daniel C. Vock 32 PRICEY PAYOUTS 52 ON THE BOOKS Cities spend millions on claims and lawsuits from What are corporate tax incentives really worth? citizens. Some are trying hard to rein in those costs. By Liz Farmer By Mike Maciag 40 CAUGHT BETWEEN REFORM AND A HARD PLACE Dallas Police Chief David Brown was hailed as a national leader. So why did his own cops want him to quit? PHOTO BY DAVID KIDD PHOTO BY DAVID COVER PHOTO BY H. ARMSTRONG ROBERTS/GETTYIMAGES By John Buntin November 2016 | GOVERNING 1 GOV11_01.indd 1 10/20/16 1:12 PM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN DEPARTMENTS 4 Publisher’s Desk 6 Letters OBSERVER 9 Unprivatizing Prison The federal government is bringing prisons back in-house. 10 The Good Idea Fund A new group is giving money not to nonprofi ts, but to individuals. COURTESY OF URBAN CENTER FOR COMPUTATION AND DATA COURTESY OF URBAN CENTER FOR COMPUTATION 12 A Second Chance An infamous housing complex in 60 St. Louis is being redeveloped. PROBLEM SOLVER 56 Behind the Numbers POLITICS + POLICY A growing number of states are monitoring the fi scal health of their cities and counties. 14 Assessments Can mayors keep their promises 58 Smart Management to rev up the economy? Colorado’s governor has a plan to recruit high-level corporate leaders. 16 Potomac Chronicle COURTESY OF PEOPLE’S LIBERTY The recent turnover in police 59 Better Government chiefs could be a good thing. According to futurist Rebecca Ryan, America is in 10 its fourth winter. 17 Politics Watch Most politicians have no 60 Tech Talk problem being renominated. Chicago is installing sensors to monitor its vitals. The data gleaned could reveal a lot about smart technology. 18 Health States are working to bring 62 Public Money newborn screenings online. Election year tax promises may end up hurting states and localities if they’re fulfi lled. 20 Green Government Cities try to meet the demand 64 Last Look for curbside composting. One county in California has a tiny solution to a big problem. 22 Economic Engines Is the future hopeless for struggling cities? 24 Urban Notebook Despite their proximity, Texan APIMAGES.COM and Mexican cities look diff erent. 2 GOVERNING | November 2016 22 GOV11_02.indd 2 10/18/16 1:31 PM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN CYBERSECURITY CHECKLIST for Elected Officials TAKE A KEEP DATA PROMOTE RISK-BASED ON A SECURE CYBER- APPROACH. NETWORK. AWARENESS TRAINING. Use the NIST framework to To properly safeguard identify, assess and prioritize information, sensitive data security threats and assign should be stored on a secure Share risks, threats and budget resources accordingly government network — not challenges with stakeholders to minimize the likelihood on end-user devices. and ensure training is of a breach. customized according to roles and business needs. EVALUATE ENCOURAGE CONSIDER YOUR JOINT EFFORTS YOUR RESPONSE WITH OTHER DEVELOPMENT TEAM. AGENCIES. OPTIONS. Make key executives, risk Outsource some security Understand the strengths and management, fi nance, functions to fi ll skills gaps and vulnerabilities of open source operations, communications, work with other agencies to and proprietary software public affairs and legal staff improve your security posture. and design, and deploy key part of the response team. systems accordingly. BUDGET For more information, download the APPROPRIATELY “Guide to Cybersecurity as Risk Management: FOR CYBER- The Role of Elected Offi cials” at: DEFENSE. www.governing.com/cybersecurity-guide Work with CIOs and CISOs to identify top cybersecurity priorities and collaborate with them and fi scal staff to determine an appropriate budget. © 2016 e.Republic. All rights reserved. GOV16 AD CGI3.indd 1 10/17/16 8:58 AM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN PUBLISHER’S DESK Publisher Mark Funkhouser Executive Editor Zach Patton Managing Editor Elizabeth Daigneau Senior Editors Alan Ehrenhalt, John Martin Where the Money Is Chief Copy Editor Miriam Jones Copy Editor Lauren Harrison n her story this month on state and local governments’ use of Staff Writers Liz Farmer, Alan Greenblatt, Mattie Quinn, tax incentives for economic development, Liz Farmer quotes Daniel C. Vock, J.B. Wogan Reuven Carlyle, a Washington state senator who has pushed Correspondent John Buntin Contributing Editor Penelope Lemov for greater transparency and analysis of his state’s development I Columnists Katherine Barrett & Richard Greene, Scott Beyer, deals. Transparency, Carlyle says, forces policymakers to deal with William Fulton, Mark Funkhouser, Peter A. Harkness, a simple question: “Does the damn thing work?” Donald F. Kettl, Justin Marlowe, Alex Marshall, Tod Newcombe, We know, of course, that too many of these tax deals haven’t Aaron M. Renn, Frank Shafroth worked, leaving little or nothing to show for all the money states spent on them. What does work, as evidenced by decades of rigor- Senior Editor, Governing.com Caroline Cournoyer ous research, is investment in education and infrastructure, two Data Editor, Governing.com Mike Maciag areas that are vastly underfunded. The extent of underfunding Chief Content Offi cer Paul W. Taylor in infrastructure is fairly well known: $3.6 trillion, according to the American Society of Civil Engineers. Chief Design Offi cer Kelly Martinelli There is no equivalent estimate for education, but consider Design Director & Photo Editor David Kidd this crude approximation of what it might cost to fund a truly Graphic Designer Kimi Rinchak superior public education system. Production Director Stephan Widmaier The tuition at Sidwell Friends, an Founder & Publisher Emeritus Peter A. Harkness elite private school in Washington, D.C., that has been attended by the Advertising 202-862-8802 children of some U.S. presidents, Associate Publishers Jennifer DeSilva, Jon Yoffi e, Paige Helling is $39,360. The average amount Director of Business Development Noel Hollis we spend per pupil on public edu- Sales Administrator Bethany Thompson Offi ce Manager Alina Grant cation every year is $10,700. The Marketing/Classifi ed [email protected] diff erence, when multiplied by the 50 million children in our public e.Republic Inc. schools, is $1.4 trillion. Annually. CEO Dennis McKenna These huge sums represent in- President Cathilea Robinett Executive VP Alan Cox vestments that must, and I believe CFO Paul Harney Mark Funkhouser, Publisher eventually will, be made. But where CAO Lisa Harney will the money come from? Not from the average American. I believe the money will come from Reprint Information corporations and the people who run them. Simply put, that’s Reprints of all articles in this issue and past issues are available (500 minimum). Please direct inquiries for reprints and licensing to where the money is. Wright’s Media: 877-652-5295, [email protected] Earlier this year, Farmer reported that corporate profi ts have doubled in the last two decades. And according to the AFL-CIO, Subscription/Circulation Service the average pay for an S&P 500 CEO was $12.4 million in 2015. But Eenie Yang [email protected] the share of state governments’ tax receipts from corporations de- www.governing.com/subscribe clined from 4 percent in 1980 to 2 percent in 2013. And the top rate Governing (ISSN 0894-3842) is published monthly by e.Republic Inc., with offi ces the wealthiest individuals pay in federal income taxes has declined at 1100 Connecticut Ave. N.W., Suite 1300, Washington, D.C. 20036 and at 100 Blue from just over 91 percent in 1968 to 39.6 percent.