Brethren: an Epic Adventure of the Knights Templar Free
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The Conquest of Arsuf by Baybars: Political and Military Aspects (MSR IX.1, 2005)
REUVEN AMITAI THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM The Conquest of Arsu≠f by Baybars: Political and Military Aspects* A modern-day visitor to Arsu≠f1 cannot help but be struck by the neatly arranged piles of stones from siege machines found at the site. This ordering, of course, represents the labors of contemporary archeologists and their assistants to gather the numerous but scattered stones. Yet, in spite of the recent nature of this "installation," these heaps are clear, if mute, evidence of the great efforts of the Mamluks led by Sultan Baybars (1260–77) to conquer the fortified city from the Franks in 1265. This conquest, as well as its political background and its aftermath, will be the subjects of the present article, which can also be seen as a case-study of Mamluk siege warfare. The immediate backdrop to the Mamluk attack against Arsu≠f was the events of the preceding weeks. At the end of 1264, while Baybars was hunting in the Egyptian countryside, he received reports that the Mongols were heading in force for the Mamluk border fortress of al-B|rah along the Euphrates, today in south- eastern Turkey. The sultan quickly returned to Cairo, and ordered the immediate dispatch of advanced light forces, which were followed by a more organized, but still relatively small, force under the command of the senior amir (officer) Ughan Samm al-Mawt ("the Elixir of Death"), and then by a third corps, together with © Middle East Documentation Center. The University of Chicago. *I would like to thank Prof. Israel Roll of Tel Aviv University, who conducted the excavations at the site, and was most helpful when he showed us the site. -
Chapter Twenty-Six
Chapter Twenty-six Religion and Religiosity after the Crusades The First Crusade was a great turning-point for western Christendom. An obvious consequence of the First Crusade was that many Catholics became aware that their lot in this earthly life left much to be desired: in Orthodox Christendom and in the Dar al-Islam people were better off than they were in Catholic Europe. This recognition led to material and economic improvements in western Europe and to a new kind of education, which in turn was followed by humanism and the Renaissance. By 1500 western Europe was a very different place than it had been four hundred years earlier, and considerably closer to modernity. This secular improvement will be the subject of the next chapter, but in this chapter we must take a close look at the religious upheaval with which it began. Militancy against Muslims was paralleled at home by a heightened religiosity. Ordinary Christians, who had long assumed that they would reach Heaven by following the lead of the Church and its clerical hierarchy, began taking upon themselves the responsibility for their souls‟ salvation. Thousands of Christians enlisted in new and demanding monastic orders, and thousands more left the Catholic church to join communities of devout but renegade Christians. Another aspect of the Christians‟ new religiosity was violence against the small Jewish communities in their midst, which until then had enjoyed relative security. Judaism was also infused with a new religious enthusiasm, as the mystical texts known as the Kabbalah made their appearance and quickly took their place alongside the Tanakh and the Talmud. -
Mamluk Studies Review Vol. IX, No. 1 (2005)
MAMLU±K STUDIES REVIEW IX (1) 2005 MIDDLE EAST DOCUMENTATION CENTER (MEDOC) THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PLEASE NOTE: As of 2015, to ensure open access to scholarship, we have updated and clarified our copyright policies. This page has been added to all back issues to explain the changes. See http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/open-acess.html for more information. MAMLŪK STUDIES REVIEW published by the middle east documentation center (medoc) the university of chicago E-ISSN 1947-2404 (ISSN for printed volumes: 1086-170X) Mamlūk Studies Review is an annual, Open Access, refereed journal devoted to the study of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria (648–922/1250–1517). The goals ofMamlūk Studies Review are to take stock of scholarship devoted to the Mamluk era, nurture communication within the field, and promote further research by encouraging the critical discussion of all aspects of this important medieval Islamic polity. The journal includes both articles and reviews of recent books. Submissions of original work on any aspect of the field are welcome, although the editorial board will periodically issue volumes devoted to specific topics and themes.Mamlūk Studies Review also solicits edited texts and translations of shorter Arabic source materials (waqf deeds, letters,fatawa and the like), and encourages discussions of Mamluk era artifacts (pottery, coins, etc.) that place these resources in wider contexts. An article or book review in Mamlūk Studies Review makes its author a contributor to the scholarly literature and should add to a constructive dialogue. Questions regarding style should be resolved through reference to the MSR Editorial and Style Guide (http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/msr.html) and The Chicago Manual of Style. -
"Licit Magic": the Touch and Sight of Islamic Talismanic Scrolls
"Licit Magic": The Touch And Sight Of Islamic Talismanic Scrolls The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Alsaleh, Yasmine F. 2014. "Licit Magic": The Touch And Sight Of Islamic Talismanic Scrolls. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12274637 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA “Licit Magic”: The Touch And Sight Of Islamic Talismanic Scrolls A dissertation presented by Yasmine F. Al-Saleh to The Committee for Middle Eastern Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History of Art and Architecture and Middle Eastern Studies Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts February 2014 © 2014 Yasmine F. Al-Saleh All rights reserved Dissertation Advisor: Yasmine F. Al-Saleh Professor David J. Roxburgh Professor Gülru Necipoğlu-Kafadar “Licit Magic”: The Touch And Sight Of Islamic Talismanic Scrolls Abstract The following study traces the production and history of the talismanic scroll as a medium through a Fatimid, Ayyubid, and Mamluk historical periods. My dissertation understands the protocol of manufacturing and utilizing talismanic scrolls. The dissertation is a study of the Qur’an, prayers and illustrations of these talismanic works. I begin by investigating a theory of the occult the medieval primary sources of the Neo-platonic tenth century Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ and al-Bunī (d.1225). -
FORGETTING Osama Bin MUNQIDH REMEMBERING Osama BIN LADEN
… the ummah is asked to unite itself under this Crusaders’ campaign, the strongest, most powerful, and most ferocious Crusaders’ campaign to befall the Islamic nation since the dawn of Islamic history. There have been past Crusader wars, but there has never been a campaign like this one before ... [e]ither you are with the Crusade, or you are with Islam. – Osama bin Laden, Al Jazeera Interview 21 October 2001 I talked to Nizar of Usamah (bin Munqidh) … He shrugged his shoulders. “Your English books are full of good things. I am not understanding why you like so much of our Arab writing.” “Usamah is also full of good things.” “Not so full as your Henry Fielding.” – William Dalrymple, in Xanadu The RSIS/IDSS Monograph Series Monograph No. 1 Neither Friend Nor Foe Myanmar’s Relations with Thailand Since 1988 Monograph No. 2 China’s Strategic Engagement with the New ASEAN Monograph No. 3 Beyond Vulnerability? Water in Singapore-Malaysia Relations Monograph No. 4 A New Agenda for the ASEAN Regional Forum Monograph No. 5 The South China Sea Dispute in Philippine Foreign Policy Problems, Challenges and Prospects Monograph No. 6 The OSCE and Co-operative Security in Europe Lessons for Asia Monograph No. 7 Betwixt and Between Southeast Asian Strategic Relations with the U.S. and China Monograph No. 8 Fading Away? The Political Role of the Army in Indonesian Transition to Democracy, 1998–2001 Monograph No. 9 The Post-Tsunami Reconstruction of Aceh and the Implementation of the Peace Agreement Monograph No. 10 Post-Suharto Civil-Military Relations in Indonesia Monograph No. -
The Formation of Islam Religion and Society in the Near East, 600–1800
The Formation of Islam Religion and Society in the Near East, 600–1800 Jonathan Berkey’s book surveys the religious history of the peoples of the Near East from roughly 600 to 1800 CE. The opening chapter examines the religious scene in the Near East in late antiquity, and the religious traditions which preceded Islam. Subsequent chapters investigate Islam’s first century and the beginnings of its own traditions, the ‘classical’ period from the accession of the fiAbbasids to the rise of the Buyid amirs, and thereafter the emergence of new forms of Islam in the middle period. Throughout, close attention is paid to the experiences of Jews and Christians, as well as Muslims. The book stresses that Islam did not appear all at once, but emerged slowly, as part of a prolonged process whereby it was differentiated from other religious traditions and, indeed, that much that we take as characteristic of Islam is in fact the product of the medieval period. This book has been written for students and for all those with an interest in the emergence and evolution of Islam. Jonathan P. Berkey is Associate Professor of History at Davidson College. His publications include Popular Preaching and Religious Authority in the Medieval Islamic Near East (2001). THEMES IN ISLAMIC HISTORY comprises a range of titles exploring different aspects of Islamic history, society and culture by leading scholars in the field. Books are thematic in approach, offering a comprehensive and accessible over- view of the subject. Generally, surveys treat Islamic history from its origins to the demise of the Ottoman empire, although some offer a more developed analysis of a particular period, or project into the present, depending on the subject-matter. -
MJ Horswell Phd Thesis 2016
THE RISE AND FALL OF BRITISH CRUSADER MEDIEVALISM, c.1825-1945 Michael John Horswell Royal Holloway, University of London Submitted for a PhD in History, 2016. Word Count: 99,996 words DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I Michael John Horswell hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: Michael John Horswell Date: 14 December 2016 DECLARATION OF PUBLICATION Sections similar to those appearing in Chapter One on modernity and the First World War as a cultural caesura and in Chapter Five on the Most Noble Order of Crusaders have been published in: Mike Horswell, ‘Crusader Medievalism and Modernity in Britain: The Most Noble Order of Crusaders and the Rupture of the First World War, 1921-49’, Studies in Medievalism XXV (2016), pp. 19-27. 2 ABSTRACT Using the lenses of collective memory and medievalism, this study examines the rise and fall of crusader medievalism in Britain over one hundred and twenty years from the publication of Sir Walter Scott’s famous novel set in the Third Crusade, The Talisman (1825), to the end of the Second World War. Emphasising the use of the past to a given present it asks why, how and by whom the crusades and ideas of crusading were employed in the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries. Tyerman has traced the development of crusade historiography into the twentieth century while the foundational work of Siberry, Knobler and Phillips has established the popularity and utility of the crusades in Britain and Europe. -
Current Trends in Islamist Ideology
Current Trends in Islamist Ideology VOLUME 13 ■ THE GUARDIAN OF PAKISTAN’S SHIA / Alex Vatanka ■ UK ISLAMISTS AND THE ARAB UPRISINGS / James Brandon & Raffaello Pantucci ■ THE MILLI GÖRÜS OF GERMANY / David Vielhaber ■ IS THE END NIGH FOR THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC? / Bernd Kaussler ■ THE AYATOLLAHS AGAINST THE REST / Jamsheed Choksy ■ TRANSLATION: KHAIRAT AL-SHATER ON THE BROTHERHOOD’S RISE HUDSON INSTITUTE Center on Islam, Democracy, and the Future of the Muslim World Current Trends in Islamist Ideology VOLUME 13 Edited by Hillel Fradkin, Husain Haqqani, Eric Brown, and Hassan Mneimneh hudson institute Center on Islam, Democracy, and the Future of the Muslim World ©2012 Hudson Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. ISSN: 1940-834X For more information about obtaining additional copies of this or other Hudson Institute publica- tions, please visit Hudson’s website at www.hudson.org/bookstore or call toll free: 1-888-554-1325. ABOUT HUDSON INSTITUTE Hudson Institute is a nonpartisan, independent policy research organization dedicated to innovative research and analysis that promotes global security, prosperity, and freedom. Founded in 1961 by strategist Herman Kahn, Hudson Institute challenges conventional thinking and helps manage strate- gic transitions to the future through interdisciplinary studies in defense, international relations, eco- nomics, health care, technology, culture, and law. With offices in Washington and New York, Hud son seeks to guide public policymakers and global leaders in government and business through a vigor- ous program of publications, conferences, policy briefings, and recommendations. Hudson Institute is a 501(c)(3) organization financed by tax-deductible contributions from private individuals, corpo- rations, foundations, and by government grants. -
Between Two Faiths: the Arabization of the Knights Templar During the Crusades
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Open Access Master's Theses 1999 BETWEEN TWO FAITHS: THE ARABIZATION OF THE KNIGHTS TEMPLAR DURING THE CRUSADES Paula Regina Stiles University of Rhode Island Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/theses Recommended Citation Stiles, Paula Regina, "BETWEEN TWO FAITHS: THE ARABIZATION OF THE KNIGHTS TEMPLAR DURING THE CRUSADES" (1999). Open Access Master's Theses. Paper 1805. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/theses/1805 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BETWEENTWO FAITHS: THE ARABIZATIONOF THE KNIGHTSTEMPLAR t DURINGTHE CRUSADES BY PAULA REGINASTILES A THESISSUBMITTED IN PARTIALFULFILLMENT OF THE . REQUIREMENTSFOR THE DEGREEOF MASTEROF ARTS IN HISTORY it~ 3 3(9 7839 UNIVERSITYOF RHODEISLAND . 1999 Abstract "Between Two Worlds: The Arabization of the Knights Templar during the Crusades, 1119-1314 ." Paula Stiles The military orders , especially the first, the Order of the Poor Knights of the Temple of Solomon (Knights Templar) played a critical role in the preservation of the Crusader kingdoms in Palestine between 1119 and their fall in 1291. It is generally acknowledged that part of the Templars' success, in both Palestine and Spain, stemmed from their ability to deal with the Muslim enemy in a variety of situations. This naturally involved some assimilation of the Templars into the local culture during the 12th and 13th centuries. This thesis explores the nature of that assimilation (either arabization or islamization), and how it changed over time and geography.