July 2020 Volume 21, Issue 7

Lest We Forget — Inside This Issue: Meeting minutes 2 “The USSVI Submariner’s Creed” Lost Boats 2

To perpetuate the memory of our shipmates who Undersea Warfare Hist 2 gave their lives in the pursuit of their duties while VADM Caudle interview 3 serving their country. That their dedication, deeds, Subpar steel update 6 and supreme sacrifice be a constant source of Containing China’s subs 8 motivation toward greater accomplishments. Contact information 9 Pledge loyalty and patriotism to the of America and its Constitution. Application form 10

News Brief 1. Next Meeting: Restrictions on group gatherings related to Coronavirus have caused a temporary suspension of our monthly meetings.

Watch e-mail for an announcement regarding when we are allowed to meet again. 2. Duty Cook Roster: a. GET READY TO VOLUNTEER WHEN OUR MEETINGS RESUME. 3. July Birthdays: Cris Pascual 24th; Herman Mueller 31st. Happy Birthday Shipmates! 4. Do you shop on Amazon? Remember to use Amazon Smile for the benefit of our Charitable Foundation. 5. When the new USSVI Website is released, the national office will be able to send its broadcast messages to all hands. It will use the e-mail address in your profile. All hands are asked to review their profile and confirm that it is up-to- date. 6. Chris Gaines requests that you kindly share articles or links to stories that you feel our shipmates would like to see in the newsletter. Member contributions are always welcome.

Crash Dive Meeting Minutes  July 6, 1944 | USS Paddle (SS 263) June 20, 2020 attacks a Japanese northwest of Halmahera and sinks the Hokaze off Sangi The June meeting and all future Island. Also on this date, USS meetings currently are cancelled Sealion (SS 315) attacks a Japanese due to COVID-19. convoy in the East China Sea and

sinks merchant passenger cargo Lost Boats ship Setsuzan Maru off Ningpo, China while USS Tang (SS 306) sinks USS S-28 (SS-133) 07/04/44 Japanese freighter Dori Maru in Chosen Bay. USS Robalo (SS-274) 07/26/44  July 7, 1944 | USS Skate (SS 305) USS Grunion (SS-216) 07/30/42 intercepted a convoy of ships and escorting . Skate fired three torpedoes, sinking the trailing Undersea Warfare History destroyer. Skate was then forced deep by the other escorts and depth  July 1, 1944 | USS Tang (SS 306) charged for over two hours before sighted a and a freighter. escaping. While she sank freighter Taiun Maru  July 8, 1778 | The Allied French fleet No.2, tanker Takatori Maru No. 1 fled. under Adm. Comte d’Estaing arrives Tang trailed until dark, then fired 2 in America with reinforcements for torpedoes which sank the tanker. the American Revolution and  July 2, 1945 | In the first successful participates in the Battle of Rhode use of rockets against shore Island and at the Siege of Savannah. positions, USS Barb (SS 220)  July 9, 1960 | USS Thresher (SSN bombards Japanese installations on 593) is launched at Portsmouth, N.H. Kaihyo Island, Japan. July 3, 1943 | July 10, 1945 | USS Runner (SS 476) USS (SC 1048) sinks the Japanese rescues survivors of a U-boat attack (No.27) off Tado Saki, Honshu. who had been sighted by a Navy  July 13, 1942 | USS Seadragon (SS blimp in the North Atlantic Ocean. 194) torpedoed and sank Shinyo The survivors are from the tanker Maru while on patrol. Seadragon Bloody Marsh, which was previously moved out of the area and hunted torpedoed July 2 and sunk by along the Haina Varella routes for a German submarine (U 66), which few days. during its career sinks 37 Allied  July 14, 1945 | In the first naval vessels until sunk by aircraft from gunfire bombardment of the USS Block Island (CVE 21) and USS Japanese home islands, Task Unit Buckley (DE 51) nearly a year later. 34.8.1 warships bombard ironworks  July 4, 1776 | The Second Continental plant at Kamaishi, Japan. Congress unanimously adopts the  July 15, 1942 | USS Grunion (SS 216) Declaration of Independence, which sinks the Japanese submarine announces the colonies' separation chasers (25 and 26) off Kiska, from Great Britain. . Page 2 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL

 July 16, 1862 | Congress establishes  July 29, 1944 | USS Balao (SS 285) the rank of Rear Admiral, with David shells and sinks Japanese sampan G. Farragut named as the first Rear (No.7) Nissho Maru about 100 miles Admiral. July 17, 1944 | USS Gabilan off Palau. USS Drum (SS 228) sinks (SS 252) sinks Japanese Asahi Maru with gunfire in the same minesweeper (W 25) northwest of general area, and takes survivors Zenizu, Japan. prisoner. Also on this date, USS  July 20, 1960 | In the first launch of Perch (SS 313) sinks Japanese the Polaris missile, USS George guardboat Kannon Maru I-Go in the Washington (SSBN 598) successfully Philippine Sea, east of Dinagat fires two operational Polaris Island. missiles while submerged off  July 30, 1945 | A Japanese . submarine sinks USS Indianapolis  July 21, 1918 | During World War I, (CA 35), northeast of Leyte. Only 316 German submarine (U 156) surfaces of her 1,199 crew survive. Due to and fires on U.S. tugboat, Perth communications and other errors, Amboy, and four barges, three miles her loss goes unnoticed until off Nauset Beach, Cape Cod, Mass. survivors are seen from a passing  July 22, 1946 | USS Caiman (SS 323) aircraft on Aug. 2. Four days earlier, began her 4th war patrol, performed she had delivered atomic bomb 3 dangerous special missions and components used on Japan in sank a Japanese schooner. August. July 31, 1943 | PBM (VP 74)  July 23, 1943 | USS George E. Badger and Brazilian A-28 and Catalina sink (DD 196) sinks German submarine (U German submarine U-199 off Rio de 613), en route to mine waters off Janeiro, Brazil. Small seaplane Jacksonville, Fla., south of the tender USS Barnegat (AVP 10) Azores. July 24, 1942 | USS Narwhal rescues the survivors. (SS 167) sinks Japanese guardboat No.83 Shinsei Maru, at Utsutsu Bay, Inside the 'silent service': Hokkaido. USS Narwhal also sinks freighters Nissho Maru off Etorofu An interview with the Navy's Maru, Kuril Island, and Kofuji Maru top submarine admiral off Oito. Tom Rogan, Washington Examiner, June 23  July 27, 1943 | USS Sawfish (SS 276) attacked a convoy escorted by a The Navy's submarine force remains 720-ton . A spread of four the world's most technically and torpedoes was fired. Sawfish was professionally capable undersea jolted by a violent explosion. The combat force. With an impressive convoy escaped, but the escort penchant for aggressive but coastal minelayer Hirashima sank. calculated risk-taking, U.S. submarine crews deter threats,  July 28, 1944 | USS Tambor (SS 198) collect vital intelligence, and stand fired three torpedoes at a freighter ready to defeat adversaries. and heard 3 explosions. The dense

fog, however, prevented visual The top line officer responsible for confirmation of results. this "silent service" is Vice Adm.

Page 3 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL

Daryl Caudle, commander of with undersea concealment to submarine forces. He was kind permit operational, deterrent, and enough to answer a few questions combat effects that the Navy and the for the Washington Examiner. Nation could not otherwise achieve. These effects may be delivered Washington Examiner: Considering within the undersea domain or rising Russian undersea across domain boundaries; they competency and capability, how may be delivered from confident are you of confidently far-forward or in broad ocean areas; being able to track the Northern they may be the result of carefully Fleet's nuclear ballistic missile coordinated operations with other submarines from their departure to forces or achieved by independent return? operations; and they may be accomplished in peacetime, a time Caudle: I am extremely confident of tension, or during conflict. that our anti-submarine warfare forces are able to respond to any Washington Examiner: To what submarine threat we face. No degree do you anticipate a greater undersea force, past or present, can evolution towards unmanned match today’s U.S. submarine force. undersea combat and sensor That said, it is imperative that we platforms? recognize and decisively counter the operational threats posed by our Caudle: Unmanned systems will potential adversaries as they play an integral role in the future of improve their capabilities. We undersea warfare. We are working continue to prioritize those threats closely with the defense industrial to make the right investments to base, academia, and our warfare ensure we maintain our competitive development centers to study, advantage. develop, and field the right mix of unmanned platforms and sensors, Washington Examiner: How are as well as how to best employ them. you grappling with the challenge of In planning for the future of operational needs regarding China, undersea innovation and Russia, and other contingencies? dominance, we are also looking for where artificial intelligence, machine Caudle: Our undersea forces are learning, and big-data analytics can deployed globally and stand ready to be used to work more efficiently at answer the nation’s call with fleet scale to improve the speed and persistent lethality. The mission of quality of our decision-making our undersea forces is to execute process. the mission of the U.S. Navy in and from the undersea domain. In Washington Examiner: How and addition to integrating and why has the Navy's submarine force multiplying added capacity to Naval retained such a continued comfort forces, the submarine force, in with high-risk operations? As an particular, is expected to leverage example, the latitude given to the special advantages that come commanders to take significant Page 4 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL risks in where they travel (such as will continue to provide a reliable into the White Sea)? and credible deterrent until Columbia comes online. The Caudle: We are never comfortable Columbia-class submarine is the with high-risk operations; however, most important Navy acquisition we are confident that our submarine program and represents a crews and commanding officers are significant investment in highly trained and ready to maintaining our strategic deterrent successfully execute the complex into the future. We will continue to tasks we give them. Our submarines drive affordability, technology go through an extremely rigorous development, and integration efforts training and certification process to deliver Columbia [class- before they deploy. It is also about submarines] on time to ensure we trust — we trust our commanding seamlessly provide strategic officers and crews to uphold the maritime forces to deter aggression highest standards of professional from any adversary. conduct and competency at all times. They have spent their careers Washington Examiner: Considering preparing to do the challenging the Navy's confirmation of missions that our nation asks them unidentified aerial phenomena in to do. So, when you combine that proximity to carrier strike groups, trust with a rigorous training and would you foresee a change away certification process, we have the from the submarine force's confidence that our warriors have reflexively identifying the right skills and decision-making supercavitating sonar tracks as abilities to get their jobs done safely sensor glitches? Instead, identifying and effectively. some tracks as unidentified undersea phenomena? Washington Examiner: How important will the Columbia-class Caudle: We routinely train our nuclear ballistic missile submarines crews to track every sonar contact, be in retaining an effective unseen then rigorously evaluate that nuclear deterrent capability? I.e., do contact to identify what it is — rising Sino-Russian sensor-kill merchant, warship, submarine, capabilities pose a threat of fishing vessel, or just environmental rendering the Ohio-class obsolete as noise like whales, fish, or weather. credible strategic deterrent Our highly proficient crews and our platforms? extraordinary sensors are the best in the world, and our training is Caudle: Our ballistic missile constantly evaluated and updated to submarines are the most survivable account for changes in the leg of the nuclear triad, providing environment. I don’t foresee any the nation with an assured response changes to the way we identify, capability unmatched by any other classify, track, and evaluate country. The Ohio-class has been a contacts as a result of the issue you workhorse for our nation for several mention. decades, and I am confident that it Washington Examiner: How Page 5 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL concerned are you that else you wish to add? unprofessional Russian undersea activity, such as high-speed runs Caudle: Our submarines are towards U.S. submarines, might deployed globally and stand ready to result in a critical incident? answer the nation’s call 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. What our Caudle: Our submarines are undersea forces accomplish every extremely quiet with the most day is vitally important to our advanced sonar and combat nation’s defense. The submarine systems in the world — an force is a critical part of global advantage that allows us to operate maritime security and the nation’s clandestinely around the globe. As a nuclear triad. It is submarine result, we don’t assess the type of sailors, and their families who unprofessional behavior to which support them, that make that you’re referring as a significant risk. happen. That said, the United States, NATO, and our regional partners reserve I'm grateful to the Navy, Caudle, and the right to operate freely, his team for their time. If interested, consistent with international law, you can read more of my writings on and we expect safe and professional China and Russia here and here. conduct by all nations, including Russia, in international waters and airspace. Navy Has ‘Mitigated’ Risk of Suspect Steel Washington Examiner: What would be the benefits to NATO of European From Company in member states being willing to Federal Fraud Case deploy their submarine forces in Sam LaGrone, USNI News, June 19 greater frequency? Sailors underway on submarines with steel Caudle: Our allies and partners, from a company that pleaded guilty to including NATO, are extremely providing the Navy with fraudulent important to ensuring regional materials aren’t at risk, the service’s top stability and will be critical in acquisition official told reporters on resolving any potential conflict. We Thursday. routinely operate with European Assistant Secretary of the Navy for submarine forces in exercises and Research, Development and Acquisition real-world operations. Just like our James Geurts said the Navy had evaluated Navy, the more their forces are able the potential risks for suspect steel that was to be at sea and train for their used to build Navy submarines from a wartime mission, especially when integrated with our forces, the more Washington state foundry owned by prepared we will be if called upon to Bradken, Inc. respond to a crisis. In my view, more “We have done the work to is always better when it comes to at- understand any potential risk, and believe sea operations. we have mitigated any potential risk for our Washington Examiner: Anything in-service submarines,” Geurts said in Page 6 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL response to a question to USNI News. Developed after the 1963 loss of attack “It did cost us some time to go do boat USS Thresher (SSN-593), the SUBSAFE the exploration to make sure that we were program has a simple premise: a submarine comfortable with the safety of our sailors.” must be able to get to the surface in the Earlier this week, Bradken Inc. event of a problem. It’s unclear if any of the entered a deal with federal prosecutors to castings were SUBSAFE components. pay $11 million as part of a deferred Guerts said the Navy also evaluated prosecution agreement over what submarines under construction for government officials said was decades of problems derived from the steel. providing fraudulent materials for the “We have done a sweep of any construction of Navy nuclear submarines. material that was in the queue for new The Kansas City-based company construction submarines. That’s a little found that its foundry in Washington had easier because it isn’t in the submarine yet, falsified testing results for castings for and we’re confident in the material for any Virginia-class submarines built by General of the new construction submarines,” he Dynamics Electric Boat and Huntington said. Ingalls Industries Newport News “We are working closely with the Shipbuilding. Specifically, the Tacoma company and have instituted additional foundry’s director of metallurgy, Elaine audits and inspections in reviewing with Thomas, falsified test results to say them and Electric Boat to ensure that we substandard castings met the Navy’s won’t have a repeat of this.” standards for submarine construction. The foundry continues to make steel “Thomas falsified results for over castings for both Electric Boat and Newport 200 productions of steel, which represent a News. substantial percentage of the castings Both companies said they are Bradken produced for the Navy,” according working to maintain the quality of the to federal prosecutors. materials from Bradken. The company discovered the fraud “Electric Boat and its shipbuilders in 2017. are committed to delivering the safest and “At that time, a lab employee most capable submarines to the Navy,” the discovered that test cards had been altered company said in a statement to USNI News and that other discrepancies existed in on Thursday. Bradken’s records,” according to “The company worked with the prosecutors. Navy to perform extensive testing and “While Bradken initially disclosed analysis to ensure the material provided by these findings to the Navy, it then made Bradken is technically acceptable for use.” misleading statements suggesting that the In a statement, an HII spokesperson discrepancies were not the result of fraud. said, “we are committed to building high- Bradken admits that these misleading quality submarines for the U.S. Navy, and statements hindered the Navy’s we take the safety of those who sail on our investigation and its efforts to remediate ships to be of the highest priority. We will the risks presented by Bradken’s fraud.” continue to cooperate with the Navy submarines have the most government, and we will continue to work stringent requirements for construction to with the Navy and our submarine building meet the service’s SUBSAFE standards. partner to deliver the highest quality

Page 7 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL submarines to the fleet.” At least one lawmaker is calling for a Underlying issues with the hearing after the Bradken plea to take a submarine supplier base is a key concern as look at the limited supplier base. the service is on the cusp of building the “We are dangerously reliant on sole- new class of Columbia nuclear ballistic source companies,” House Armed Services missile submarines. seapower and projection forces “We need to continue, at our level, subcommittee chairman Rep. Joe Courtney with the Navy, with our submarines builders (D-Conn.) told The Day of New London this at Newport News and with Electric Boat, week. and through the entire supply chain, to “Aside from the cost factor, you ensure that we have the procedures to really lose your leverage because you’re build the part right,” Guerts said. limited in terms of no market.” Bradken’s plea follows other supplier base issues. In 2016, supplier Nuflo Japan Has A Plan For drew a Department of Justice investigation after poor welds were discovered on three Dismantling China’s submarines. In 2018, poor welds were Submarine Fleet found in quad-pack missile tubes David Axe, Aerospace and Defense, June 22 constructed by BWX Technologies, resulting in a $27-million fix. Japanese forces chased a Chinese submarine out of Geurts told reporters the lessons Japanese waters on Thursday. Officials in from past mistakes are being incorporated characterized the sub’s infiltration as part of China’s into the service moving forward. escalating land-grab across the western Pacific. A Japanese “destroyer”—actually, the “If you look back in the history of helicopter-carrier Kaga—along with a P-1 patrol plane submarines, there has always been a keen reportedly detected the submarine within 24 miles of awareness that we’re only as strong as the Amami-Oshima island, near Okinawa in southern Japan. For supplier base and as good as the parts that two days Kaga and patrol planes tailed the submarine until the suppliers are producing to put into our it finally left Japanese waters. submarines,” The last time a foreign sub got caught infiltrating “Part of the challenge is that, as you Japanese waters was in 2018, according to The Asahi Shimbun newspaper. The chases underscore Tokyo’s try to bring that (industrial) base from a sophisticated plan for defeating Beijing’s undersea forces. small number of submarines to two The novel-coronavirus pandemic has disrupted Virginias a year to now two Virginias a year naval deployments all over the world. Infections briefly plus Columbia, you really need to sidelined several U.S. Navy warships in the Pacific region. understand the extent of the supplier The U.S. State Department has accused China of trying to base’s readiness to get there and then take advantage of the disruption in order to advance its controls in place to make sure we stay territorial claims across the China Seas. On April 3, a Chinese ship rammed and sank a there.” Vietnamese fishing boat in the disputed waters of the Over the last two years, the Navy resource-rich . Around the same time, China has identified more than 300 critical declared two archipelagos in the area as its own suppliers and stepped up oversight of the administrative districts, drawing a protest from Vietnam's vendors to keep the Columbia program – foreign ministry. which the Navy has said repeatedly over the Meanwhile, Beijing announced it had established last decade was its highest acquisition new “research stations” on Fiery Cross Reef and Subi Reef, two of the roughly dozen major island bases it has built priority – on track. across the region in recent years. Page 8 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL

Confrontations between Japanese and Chinese submarine fleet, according to Hua Dan, a lecturer at China’s forces have become more frequent and more heated as Army Engineering University. China’s military has grown in size and capability. Japan’s Japanese and allied forces would undertake a own forces, while significant, have not expanded—owing campaign of “active offense,” involving direct air and in part to Japan’s stagnant economy. missile attacks against Chinese submarine bases, shipyards “The balance of naval power in Asia is shifting and -manufacturing facilities. Meanwhile, Japanese dramatically,” Toshi Yoshihara, a fellow with the vessels would mine the waters outside Chinese ports. Washington, D.C., Center for Strategic and Budgetary Next, Japanese ships and planes would enforce a Assessments, wrote in a May study. The Chinese fleet can “blockade zone” around Okinawa in order to catch Chinese deploy with around 3,300 missiles, compared to the 1,600 subs that succeed in leaving port. the Japanese fleet can deploy with. Finally, Tokyo and its allies would undertake what Missile capacity is a rough measure of naval Hua called “encirclement and annihilation combat” on the power. The U.S. fleet can sail with no fewer than 10,000 high seas, hunting down and destroying Chinese missiles. submarines that slip past the Okinawa blockade zone. China’s submarine fleet is of particular concern to Throughout the multi-phase campaign, Japanese foreign naval planners. According to the U.S. Office of Naval and allied ships and planes also would escort friendly Intelligence, the Chinese navy in 2015 operated 57 diesel- shipping in order to protect against Chinese submarine electric submarines and five nuclear attack submarines. attack. Beijing’s undersea fleet by 2030 could expand to include 60 While the Japanese fleet isn’t getting any bigger, diesel-electric boats and at least 16 nuclear attack its ability to pursue the kind of operation Hua described is submarines. improving. Tokyo plans to modify Kaga and other By comparison, the Japanese navy operates 20 helicopter-carriers to support F-35B stealth jump jets. The diesel-electric submarines and does not plan grow this force fighters could help to protect anti-submarine flotillas over the near term. Japanese subs are among the most against Chinese counterattack. modern and sophisticated in the world, but they All that is to say that China’s escalating naval indisputably are outnumbered by their Chinese aggression isn’t occurring in a vacuum or without provoking counterparts. a response. It’s worth noting that, shortly after that Beijing That said, Tokyo has optimized its entire fleet— declared new administrative zones and research stations in subs, ships and planes—for anti-submarine warfare. In disputed waters, the U.S. Navy deployed three aircraft wartime, Japanese and allied forces would pursue a carrier battle groups to the western Pacific. comprehensive strategy for dismantling the Chinese Crash Dive Base Contact Information

Commander – Clayton Hill, 195 Clover Lane, Cedarburg, WI 53012; [email protected] Vice-Commander – Greg Miller, 964 Fischer Drive, Addison, IL; (630)543-7855 or [email protected] Secretary (POC) – Manny Garmendez, [email protected]; Treasurer – Glenn C. Barts, Sr., 2000 Jamestown Drive, Palatine, IL 60074; 847-934- 7418; [email protected] COB – Larry Warnke, [email protected] Chaplain – Vacant. Membership – Tom Polzin, 1305 Winslow Circle, Woodstock, IL 60098; 847-867-8668; [email protected] Storekeeper – Herman Mueller, 503 Lynn Terrace, Waukegan, IL 60085; 847-445- 5034; [email protected] Newsletter Editor – Chris Gaines, 513 West Downer Place, Aurora, IL 60506; 630-892- 5718 or [email protected] Base Historian – Frank Voznak, Jr. 9 South 255 Madison, Burr Ridge, IL. 60527; 630 986-0175 [email protected] Page 9 Crash Dive Base Rondout - Lake Bluff, IL

APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP Regular  Life  Associate  OUR CREED: “To perpetuate the memory of our shipmates who gave their lives in the pursuit of their duties while serving their country. That their dedication, deeds and supreme sacrifice be a constant source of motivation toward greater accomplishments. Pledge loyalty and patriotism to the United States of America & its Constitution.”

With my signature below I affirm that I subscribe to the Creed of the United States Submarine Veterans, Inc., and agree to abide by the Constitution, all Bylaws, Regulations and Procedures governing the U.S. Submarine Veterans, Inc., so long as they do not conflict with my military or civil obligations. I will furnish proof of my eligibility for Regular membership, including my discharge under honorable conditions, and proof of my U.S. Navy (SS) Designation, if required by the Base or the national Membership Chairman. If I am not discharged, the discharge requirement is waived. If I am not U.S. N. submarine qualified, I am applying as an Associate and my sponsor is indicated below.

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Upon completion, give or mail this form, including your National and Base membership DUES (payable to ‘Crash Dive Base’) to Crash Dive Membership Chairman Tom Polzin, 1305 Winslow Circle, Woodstock, IL 60098; 847-867-8668 March 21, 2019 Rev. I