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Strategic Compresd2.Pdf Introduction Trafficking in human beings is a grave violation of human rights and has emerged as a major global issue owing to the involvement of transnational organized groups which take advantage of the vulnerable conditions of migrants. This global phenomenon of trafficking in human beings will continue to be on the rise unless we begin to initiate strategies to counter the problem. We are forced to cope with factors like weak economies, increasing poverty and few job opportunities, low risk of prosecution, the enormous profit potential, and improved international transportation and communication infrastructures such as the internet that provide innovative uses for prostitution and pornography. In order to enable Governments and the international community to respond better to this problem, the proposal of the Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention (ODCCP) of the United Nations to implement a Global Programme to "bring to the foreground the involvement of organized crime groups in human smuggling and trafficking" and to "promote the development of effective criminal justice related responses," was approved during the 8th Session of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice of the United Nations held last 27 April to 6 May 1999 in Vienna, Austria. To carryout the Programme, the ODCCP and the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) have been tasked to make a worldwide assessment of the regional and international trends in addressing the issue of trafficking in human beings, to take stock of best practices adopted by countries in each particular region to combat the problem, to carry out demonstration projects and to evaluate these projects based on a standardized criteria. The Philippine government has particular interest in addressing the issue of trafficking in human beings in view of the significantly large numbers of Filipinos living and working abroad. Estimates for 1999 state that there are about 7 million overseas Filipinos with 3 million as overseas Filipino workers (OFWs), 2 million as permanent residents and another 2 million as undocumented workers. Inspite of the existence of legal channels for employment, the number of intermediaries who offer their services for the expeditious but illegal alternatives seems to be on the rise, and this contributes to the problem of trafficking. The Philippine Government signified its interest to participate in the Global Programme in order for it to take advantage of its collaboration with the Center in addressing trafficking in human beings and to maximize the benefits of multilateral efforts in responding to trafficking in human beings as a transnational crime. Last March 28, 2000, the Philippine government entered into agreement with the United Nations Center for International Crime Prevention, Office of Drug Control and Crime Prevention to implement the pilot demonstration project of the Global Programme Against Trafficking in Human Beings named "Coalitions Against Trafficking in Human Beings in the Philippines". This pilot project is envisioned to strengthen crime prevention strategies against trafficking, improve the effectiveness of law enforcement and criminal justice responses and improving victim and witness protection and assistance in the country. Some of the activities lined up in the project include assistance in setting up of specialized databases, compiling relevant legislation and bilateral and multilateral agreements, conduct of training for law enforcers, prosecutors, social workers, and frontline officers, and conducting a comprehensive public awareness campaign on the subject. At the national level, the government institutions included in the preparation and implementation of this plan are the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), Department of Justice (DOJ), Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO), Bureau of Immigration (BI), National Bureau of Investigation, (NBI), Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA), National Police Commission (Napolcom), Philippine National Police (PNP), Philippine Center on Transnational Crime (PCTC) and the Overseas Workers’ Welfare Administration (OWWA). Overarching/Fundamental Considerations Political Resolve International Commitments At the Millennium Summit, the Philippines signed the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography. On 16 December 2000, the Philippines signed in Palermo, Italy the UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and its accompanying Optional Protocol To Prevent, Suppress And Punish Trafficking In Persons, Especially Women And Children. Domestic legislation in the form of a bill entitled “Anti-Trafficking in Women and Minors Act came before the last Congress. The new Philippine Congress is expected to take up the bill and give it a greater push so that its passage into law may be accelerated after it convenes. The Millennium Declaration resolved “to intensify our efforts to fight transnational crime in all its dimensions, including trafficking.” Numerous resolutions on the trafficking of persons have been adopted by the UN General Assembly and the UN Commission On Human Rights (UNCHR), the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), and the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others. Provisions pertaining to the traffic in women and children were also adopted by the World Conference On Human Rights, the International Conference On Population And Development, the World Summit For Social Development, the Fourth World Conference On Women and the Ninth and Tenth United Nations Congresses On The Prevention Of Crime And The Treatment Of Offenders, the 2 23rd Special Session of the General Assembly entitled “World Summit on Social Development and beyond: Achieving Social Development for All in a Globalizing World.” The Philippine position on the trafficking of persons, especially women and children, is firmly grounded on a human rights approach. It builds on the principles already laid down by previous relevant international human rights instruments, such as ;Universal Declaration on Human Rights ;Convention on the Suppression of Trafficking in Persons and the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others ;Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, Slave Trade and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery ;Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women ;1993 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women ;1994 International Conference on Population and Development Cooperation Declaration ;1995 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ;International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights ;International Covenant of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. ;Forced Labour Convention (ILO No. 29) ;International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families The Philippines first tabled a UN General Assembly resolution on the traffic of women and girls in 1994. It continues to sponsor the same resolution in subsequent years. This effort has been duplicated in other United Nations bodies and international organizations, such as in the UNCHR and CSW. It is worth noting that the Philippines recently secured the highest number of support for a single country sponsored resolution in the history of the Commission on Human Rights with the Philippine resolution “Traffic in Women and Girls”. The commitment of the Philippines to fight trafficking in women and children has also been demonstrated on a regional level. The Manila Process was initiated in 1996 in response to the abuse and exploitation of overseas Filipino workers and the need for regional dialogues to discuss trafficking and irregular migration from a regional perspective. This process continues to address strategic areas of action such as information-sharing and best practices; capacity-building and technical support; and increased cooperation in the fields of prevention, protection, prosecution, repatriation and rehabilitation, as well as reintegration. In March 2000, the Philippines co-hosted with the United States the Asian Regional Initiative against Trafficking in Persons particularly in Women and Children (ARIAT), The ARIAT Regional Plan of Action identified information and data banking, cooperation with international organizations, non-governmental organization , the private sector, civil society and media and gender-mainstreaming as strategic areas of concern. 3 The Asia-Pacific Consultations on Refugees, Displaced Persons and Migrant Workers (APC) began in 1996 as a forum to address issues of population movements, information – sharing, prevention and preparedness, the impact of the economic crisis on population movements, the role of country of origin, returnee reintegration emergency preparedness and contingency planning, people trafficking and capacity-building. Legislation UN Protocols The UN Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and its supplementary Protocol To Prevent, Suppress And Punish Trafficking In Persons, Especially Women And Children was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 15 November 2000 and signed by the Philippines during a High-Level Political Conference held in Palermo from 11 - 15 December 2000. The Convention and its Protocol is the
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