İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

1 Study on Infrastructure and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside

Table of Contents

Introduction…………………………………………………...... 3 Population……………………………………………………...... 4 Governance…………………..………………………………...... 7 Water………………………………………………………………...... 8 Electricity …………………………………………………………...... 13 Bakeries……………………..……………………………………...... 16 Waste Management……………………..……………………...... 19 Education………………….....…………………………………...... 21 Camps...... 24 Health……………...... ………………………………………...... 26 Buildings……………...... ………………...... 28

2 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Introduction Manbij city is located in the northern , northeastern countryside of . It has a space of 5,183,99 km2 with a population of 700,000. It has the following sib-districts; 1. Manbij Center 2. Abo Qalqal 3. Al Khafsa 4. Maskana Additionally, it has 285 villages and 352 farms.

Administrative Subordination: Aleppo province

3 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Population

Original Locals Number in Manbij district is 700,000 people. Due to regime control of Al Khafsa and Maskana, the majority of the resi- dents fled towards the city and the areas of northern and eastern countryside of Aleppo. The current residents of Manbij city is about 450,000 people. The city of Manbij: The number of original locals is 159,000.

The percentages of ethnics: are 98% of the city and countryside. reside in Al Asalia ( 1112 people), Mahsana (899 people) Abu Qalqal (113 people). Turkmen reside in Al Hosharya (769 people)

4 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Percentage of ethnics inside the city

Ethnics Arab Kurds Turkmen Circassians

Percentage 85 % 9 % 4 % 2 %

Note: There are two Christian families and 38 Palestinian ones. The majority of the Kurds residing Manbij are registered in Ain Al Arab civil registry.

The Expected Number of the Returnees; Following ISIS control and SDF control on the city, large numbers of origi- nal locals reside in Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Europe, Aleppo, Damascus, Latakia, and the northern and eastern countrywide of Aleppo. The num- ber of locals who are expected to return to Manbij is about 20000.

The IDPs who reside in Manbij distrct is about 75211 who fled the re- gime held areas. They reside in un-textured houses, tents, rented hous- es, and IDPs camps.

5 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Camp

Western Camp Eastern Camp Types of Res- Individual

idence Tents Other 4896 1883 Textured Houses Textured Un-textured Houses Un-textured

Numbers 6778 12653 8676 44084 3020

Note: The western camp is located in the village of Shaikh Tabbash and it hosts the IDPs of Aleppo countryside. The eastern camp is located in the village of Rasm Al Akhdar and it hosts the IDPs of Raqqa.

The city center of Manbij hosts 28211 IDPs. The low number of IDPs is resulted by SDF restrictions on civilians who desire to live in Manbij.

Types of Resi- Textured Hous- Un-textured Individual Other dence es Houses Tents

Numbers 22078 5500 400 233

6 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Governance

The local council of Manbij was established in 2012, then it was restructured four times, the last one took place in exile in 2014, where its main task was to set plans to provide service to the displaced civilians of Manbij such as transportation, healthcare, relief, and fostering orphans. The local council, in collaboration with Aleppo provincial council’s civil registry directorate, established a civil registry to document the births and deaths and provide the populations required documents. Currently, a committee of eleven members was established to communicate with the popula- tions to re-establish the local council in order to represent all city categories including ethnic components, Kurds, Turkmen, Arab, and Cir- cassians, with taking into consideration the academic background and required expertise in the future phase.

7 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi Water

Manbij and its countryside depend on two water resources; 1- Water wells; there are many wells in the area due to constant fail- ure in the Public Company for Water. 2- Public Network; the area was supplied with water in 1982 from the water pump of Tal Aswad with diameter of 700mm. Based on the Public Company for Water’s study at that time, the project supplies only Manbij city until 2000, then the city will need another line. Aleppo Water Establishment prepared a second phase project to provide the city with water throughout a 1000mm line. However, the project was stopped due to current situation.

Al Babiri Water Pumping Station: It is located in south of Al Khafsa, that is held by the regime, that has sixteen pumps with capacity of each at 350m3/h. Each pump is provided with power from three transformers with capacity of each at 20mw. The power line comes from Tishreen dam. The pumping line goes to Tal Aswad tank throughout a pipeline with diameter of 700mm and length of 11km. Tal Aswad Tank It has a capacity of 2500m3 along with four pumps with capacity of each at 350m3/h and a transformer with capacity of 20mw. It pumps water to Al Qara tanks throughout a pipeline with diameter of 700mm.

It should be noted that the abovementioned sources are held by re- gime forces.

8 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Al Qara Tank It is the main tank of Manbij city. It is located nearby the village of Qara. It is a ground concrete tank with capacity of 1000 m3. Due to the slope of ground, there is no need to pump water. It has ten ports and irrigates about 60 villages. It is intact and operates in well manner. Al Dadat Tank Is located in Dadat village (Awn Al Dadat), 8km to north of Manbij city. It is a tower concrete tank with capacity of 60m3. It depends on tube-well and 20hp submersible pump. The current condition is good and there no need to maintenance. Um Idam Tank Is located in Um Idam village, 10km to the east of Manbij. It is a tower concrete tank with capacity of 60m3. It depends on tube-well and 20hp submersible pump. The current condition is good and there no need to maintenance. Water Network The main pipeline is made of ductile iron. It starts from Al Karama neigh- bourhood on Manbij city and derives into ports towards the neighbour- hoods throughout plastic flowlines. It does not cover all the city due to two reasons; 1- There is no network in Al Qadesia, Al Asadeya, and the northern neigh- bourhoods. 2- They are affected by the military actions ( Karam Al Huthaifaoui and Al Jazeera road). The condition of the network is bad due to shelling that resulted in leak- age and failures. The villages of the northern countryside of Aleppo have no drinking water and they depend on the water wells. Needs: 1. New Water Line 2. Maintenance for the flowlines 3. Reforming the flow lines as they are hard to be controlled currently. This is reflected on water pressure level and the possibility of pumping it to all neighbourhoods, especially to the multi-floors houses. 4. Filtering equipment for home use since some neighbourhoods depend on tankers or wells for drinking water.

9 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

5. Submersible pumps (X2) with diameter of 2 inches to be accompanied with tankers to reach the neighbourhoods in need.

The projects that were stopped due to developments during recent years 1. Al Awsajli Project: it starts from Jub Jamza village to irrigate ten vil- lages . 2. The project of a second pipeline for Manbij city 3. The project of providing water to the northern and eastern country- side of Manbij. Note: The wells water in Manbij has high level of pollution as the sanita- tion leaked to wells water.

Water Needs in Manbij City

Needs of Tal Aswad Pumping Station: 1. Maintenance of the pumps 2. Maintenance of the purification pumps 3. The fifth pump is out of service 4. Diesel and Oil 5. Chlorine for sterilization

Needs of the Water Unit in Manbij city 1. Chlorine for sterilization in Al Qara tank 2. Diesel and Oil 3. Genset for mobile maintenance workshop 4. Compressor 5. Tractor, tanker, and trailer 6. Excavator 7. Spirals with diameter of 700mm (X2), 900mm(X2). 8. Valves (X30) with diameters of 200mm, 225mm, and 150mm. 9. Accessories fir maintenance of the PE network

10 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

10. Replacing the Eternit network pipes inside the city (1500m) 11. Expanding the network to all city neighbourhoods.

Um Idam and Awn Al Dadat Both of these villages are provided with water by a water well throughout a submersible pump. The needed requirements are;

1. Genset 2. Maintenance for the network and houses flowlines 3. Network expansion 4. Diesel and Oil The needs of Pumping station of Jub Jamza : this line is provided with wa- ter by the main line, which supplies Manbij city; 1. Transformer 2. Pump maintenance

Maqta Hajar Sagheer; is aground tank and three pumps that need the fol- lowing; 1. Genset 2. Control panel 3. Connection cables 4. Pumps maintenance Um Tammakh Tank; is a tower tank with capacity of 400m3 that supplies more than 11 villages with water. The tank is about to collapse due to attempts of explosion. It is unable to be used. It needs to be rebuilt and the network needs maintenance and expansion.

11 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi Stabilization Committee We Create Life

12 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Electricity

Electricity in Manbij is divided into two parts; 1. Public Network Is supplied by a station connected to the center, which is Tish- reen Dam. This station has the capacity of supplying Mnabij, its countryside, Al Bab, and . Al Bab and Jarabulus are not supplied anymore dur to Syria Democratic Forces control on the station. Manbij station is supplied with about 50mw on daily basis. The power average is four hours for each neighborhood. The station supplies two transformers inside Manbij city with ca- pacity of 30mw and 20mw.

It should be noted that the need of Manbij is 120mw, where the available capacity is only 50mw. The Lines of the neighborhoods are;

13 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

• Al Hatem • Al Sinaa • Al Bareed • Al Diesel • Al Kharoufia • Al Mankouba • Qara Qozaq • Ain Al Arab • Jarabulus • Al Farat • Al Khafsa • Tal Hozan • Al Ittihad These lines are supplied by the first and the second transformers The failures of the transformers in the neighborhoods; There is number of transformers that need to be repaired or replaced. Note: The electricity station needs a transformer with as the current one is out of service.

The Requirements of Manbij Station - Aluminum cable 1x185mm - Brass cable 1x300m (500m) - Crane (X2) - Ports (X14) + measurement cell. 2. Generators (24 Line ) It is a voltage line that comes from the station of Manbij to supply the network of private generators in the neighborhoods throughout 100KVA and 200 KVA generators. There are 84 private networks in Manbij.

14 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Each network covers more than one neighborhood, each neighborhood includes 80 houses. The cost of 1 amp is 1000 SYP; 250 SYP for the network own- er, 750 SYP for SDF services office. The total revenues reach 56,000,000 per month.

Notes: - Public electricity is available only 10 hours per day due to low level of water in Tishreen Dam. - This project has successful feasibility - The diameter of the network is thin and this leads to constant failures to due high load.

There are two transformers with capacity of each is 60mw, that are not adequate with the consumption (90mw).

The Current Status of the Network The network status is poor due to the following reasons; 1. Age of the network 2. Aluminium cables and poles are not complied with the re- quired technical specifications. 3. Lack of maintenance works 4. Low capacity of transformers that are not complied with the consumption quantity. Management of Electricity Service Electricity is managed by Electricity Establishment, which is run by the SDF’ Services Directorate, and some of the personnel are affiliat- ed to the regime government, while the other part is affiliated by SDF. The establishment staff’ salaries are covered by the revenues.

15 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Bakeries and Bread

There are two types of bakeries in Manbij city; 1. Public bakeries; The automated bakery is considered the most import- ant one in Manbij city as its production capacity reaches 60 MT. it has four lines. SDF repaired and rehabilitated the affected lines due to mil- itary actions between ISIS and SDF. The bakery staff is 119. Bread is distributed to citizens throughout distributers. The price of 1440g packet is 105 SYP. The bread allocations of the villages and towns are specified based on the population of these areas. However, the quality of the bread is not high due to the wheat flour and improper way of distribution and transportation.

Note: the automated bakery was completely destroyed due to military ac- tions in Manbij battle.

2. Private bakeries; Many bakeries were opened recently as they produce high quality bread. The price of 1kg packet is 200 SYP. The following table indicates the number and capacity of the private bakeries;

16 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Required Fuel No Bakery Name Flour QTY/MT Yeast QTY/kg Salt QTY/kg QTY/L

Automated 40 100 850 3600

Ismat 2.5 6.5 50 225

Hamza 2.5 6.5 50 225

Sulieman 2.5 6.5 50 225

Abu Imad 2.5 6.5 50 225

Al Bandar 2 4.5 50 180

Qasr Banat Al 2.5 6.5 50 225 Arab

Ido 2.5 6.5 50 225

Alawi 2 4.5 50 180

Awni 3 7 70 270

Haraqa 2 4.5 50 180

Al Rabita 2 4.5 50 180

Al Baraka 2 4.5 50 180

Abu Saddam 2 4.5 50 180

Al Baraem 2 4.5 50 180

Al Wadi 2 4.5 50 180

Kassab 1 2.5 25 90

Hamza 1 2.5 25 90

Total 76 187 1670 6840

17 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

The self-rule provides the production requirements such as fuel, flour, yeast, and salt. The prices for the private bakeries are close to the local market except for the fuel; one liter of diesel at 100SYP. These bakeries are in good structural status and most of them are registered and complied with the technical specifications. Note: ISIS moved wheat from mills and distributed it to the schools and shops. Following SDF control, it moved wheat from Manbij to Ain Al Arab. The quantity is estimated at 20,000 MT.

The following table indicates the bakeries in Manbij countryside;

Required Fuel No Bakery Name Flour QTY/MT Yeast QTY/kg Salt QTY/kg QTY/L Abu Qalqal 4 10 80 360 Sharqi Abu Qalqal 6 15 120 540 Gharbi Al Dadat 6 15 120 540

Al Farat 8 20 160 720

Haimar Labda 7.5 18.75 150 675

Jub Khamis 8 20 160 720

Al Mashi 8 20 160 720

Jub Al Thor 14 35 280 1260

Al Hayya 8 20 160 720

Al Hajar 8 20 160 720

Total 77.5 193.75 1550 6975

The following map illustrates the locations of the bakeries;

18 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Waste Management

The problem of waste piles in Manbij is considered one of the most important problems. It is caused by considered the public squares and collapsed buildings as landfills and burning wastes in those areas. Therefore, waste in the residential areas became a source of diseases. Waste disposal process is conducted by the public garage of the municipality of Manbij, and it is divided into two sectors; 1. Streets Waste Collectors; They are divided into two shifts; A- Morning shift; has thirteen groups that collect waste from outside the city. B-Evening shift; has six groups that collect waste from in- side the city. 2. Public Parks Wastes Collectors The Public Equipment Garage has the following machineries; 1. Thirteen equipment that transport waste (tractors and trucks) 2. Frontend loaders and skid loaders The process of waste disposal is made to the landfill located 6km to the north of the city, nearby Al Awn village.

19 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

The municipality covers the operational costs throughout the self-rule local council. Some of the collectors and drivers are paid by the re- gime. It is expected that SDF will take the equipment from Manbij, so the city will suffer from a critical problem in terms of waste management.

Needs 1. Waste management tractors X5, skid loaders X2, rucks X3, and frontend loader X2. 2. Waste collectors X250. 3. Waste bins X300. 4. Refuse trucks X5.

20 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Education

Schools were affected by the recent military actions as some of them were completely destroyed and other were partially destroyed. Some schools were used as public institutions. The total number of public schools in Manbij is thirty, the private ones are three, and the institutes are five. Primary

Grade 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th

Class- 171 152 137 105 99 93 48 44 56 rooms

Secondary

Grade 10th 11th 12th

Classrooms 18 22 26

Students Numbers in Each Phase

Phase First Second High

Number 22082 14256 3308

21 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

The schools that are ready for education process

Industrial High Al Karama Al Qadesia Al Qasem Al Buhturi Al Bakkar School

Ragheb Manbij for Omar Hajjo October 16th Al Urouba Al Doqla Haroun Females

Ali bin Abi Ta- Qasr Bant Al Al Banat high Mulhaq Al Al Tatbiqat Al Al Thawra leb Arab School Bakkar Maslakeya

Aghyad Hus- Al Asadeya Al Shuhada Al Baath Al Iman Hasan Al Damen sieni

Industrial High Al Muhdatha Salahuddein Abu Risha Al Fateh Al Sirb School

Note: Most schools are in need for windows and doors maintenance.

Fully Destroyed SChools

Riad Al Abdullah Omar Abu Risha Aqeel Bayram Al Sharea Al Ghassania

Schools need maintenance and renovation

Al Baneen High School Al Adeyat

There is a need for maintenance of the windows and doors. Schools Used as Headquarters

Agricultural High Al Hnaidel Jassem Al Sajour School

22 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Education Process Management and Financial Re- sources 1. Education Assembly – Regime’s Ministry of Education 2. Education Committee – SDF’s Democratic Civic Coun- cil

Educations Staff 1. Employed teachers: 1300 – salaries paid by regime. 2. Contracted teachers: 27 – salaries paid by regime 3. Contracted teachers: 3517 – salaries paid by SDF

23 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Camps

No Camp Tens Number Residents

Manbij 240 1920

Haj Abdeen 20 160

Malab Al Hassoun 30 240

Jub Makhzoum 20 160

Jub Al Kalb 37 296

Kharoufia 30 240

Khareeja 20 160

Al Sultaneya 40 400

Awsajli Janoubi 50 400

Awsajli Shimali 40 320

Qubab Binia 15 120

Al Qara 25 200

Al Hadhoud 20 160

Manbij Camp It is located in the southwestern side of the city. It has a space of 120000m2. It includes 240 tents that are resided by about 250 fami- lies. 100 tents will be added soon. The camp suffers from poor conditions as there are no paved roads,

24 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

no drain channels, and has a ground of agriculture soil. There are 20 restrooms. They are provided with water by water tank- ers on daily basis. There are only 8 drinking water tankers with capacity of 2000 litres. The camp is not fenced and there is no security point. The local au- thorities rented the land from private owner for one year. The camp is provided with aid by the following NGOs; • Concern Worldwide provided ready-to-eat meals. • IRD provided 35 hygiene kits. • World Vision provided eight tankers for drinking water. The high priority needs of the camp • Most families are in need for residence requirements • Bread is not adequate and is not free • There is a severe need for food items • There is no medical point in the camp • Due to daily increase of IDP numbers, there is an urgent need for tents. • There is a need for children milk • There is a need for WASH items.

25 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Health

 Public Hospitals 1. The National Hospital (Al Furat); is one of the most import- ant medical centers and it provides free medical services and vaccination. It is supported by MSF and has the follow- ing departments; • External clinics • Dialysis • Blood bank • X-ray • Laboratory • ER • Thalassemia Medical Staff • Doctors: 13 • Nurses: 28 • Midwives: 4 • Pharmacy: 1 Available Instruments • Echo • Laboratory instruments • Dialysis instruments • Ambulance • Fridge

26 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

2. Public Clinic: which is allocated for children vaccination. There is also two public clinics in Abo Qalqal and Hayya Kabeer villag- es. 3. USSOM: where it has the specialties of gynecological, pediatric, and internal diseases. 4. There are seven private hospitals; Manbij , Barkal, Al Furqan, Al Madina, Al Hikma, Tishreen, Al Amal. 5. There are 91 private clinics in the city as following specialties;

Orthope- Gynecolog- General Internal X-Ray Surgery Laboratory dic ical

6 14 8 10 3 6 5

Dermatol- Cardio Urological Eyesight Pediatric Ear Dentist ogy

4 3 4 1 8 3 16

There is a need for the following specialties; - Neurology - Neurological surgery - Psychiatry There are 117 private pharmacies and one central one.

27 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Residential Buildings

Private Buildings Based on informal statistics, the total of residential blocks in Manbij city is about 18000. Some of the city neighborhoods were affected negatively by the military actions; 1. The southern entrance of the city 2. Al Karama neighbourhood 3. Al Hikma hospital street 4. Al Buhturi blocs 5. Al Khafsa road 6. Behind the automated bakery 7. Shaikh Aqeel neighbourhood 8. East of National Hospital 9. Northern side of Al Rabita street 10. Al Sirb neighbourhood 11. Tharwat Shinkan street 12. The Western entrance of the city 13. Al Shareyya neighbourhood

28 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

Destruction in the city It is estimated at 20% ( partial and complete). The houses were ren- ovated by the populations. SDF Restrictions on Populations 1. Imposing fees on renovation and building works 2. Monopolizing the trading of cement 3. Preventing people from brining stone and sand from Tishreen dam 4. Monopolizing the requirements of construction. 5. Taxes on bricks factories 6. 7% taxes on all related construction activities. Needs 1. Providing support to construction activities. 2. Removing rubble 3. Removing landmines 4. Establishing directorate of real estate

Public Buildings They are divided into two parts; the first one is the buildings that are ready to be used. 1. Security complex 2. Government complex 3. Water directorate 4. Agricultural bank 5. Technical services directorate 6. Civil registry

29 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

7. Farmers association 8. Public Garage 9. Cement factory 10. Fodder establishment 11. Public clinic 12. Finance directorate

The second part includes the destroyed buildings; 1. Post office 2. Agriculture directorate 3. Mills building 4. New farmers association 5. Stand-up bakery

30 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside İstikrar Sağlama Komitesi

31 Study on Infrastructure Manbij and Its Countryside