INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS.

///-- I \"-- I 0""1 I April, 1913

AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR IN ALL ITS DEPARTMENTS

I ~!&'l. I

DEVOTED TO THE CAUS~ OF ORGANIZED LABOR

\1 -f151.,\ II THE ELECTRICAL

WORKER

OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE

International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and all Its Departments.

OWNED AND PUBLISHED BY THE INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS

CHAS. P. FORD, International Secretary, GE:"fERAL OFFICES: PIERIK BUILDI:"fG

SPRI,,"GFIELD, ILL.

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2 INDEX. A Surprised Gentleman ...... 872 American Federation of Labor News ...... 890-891 Correspondence ...... 884-889 Executive Officers ...•...... 873 Editorial ...... 874-879 Elementary Lessons in Electricity and Magnet- ism ...... 898-901 Foreign Labor News ...... 892-894 In Memoriam ...... 871

ono O'1C') Local Union Direr-tory .. _. _ .••••••••••••••••• • uvu-.J.J.~ Missing Receipts ...... 881 Miscellaneous ...... •...... 895-896 Notices ...... 873 Obituary ...... 870 Official Receipts ...... 880-881 Poems worth. reading ...... 897 The Individual Value of Trade Unions ...... 867-869 Telephone Operators' Section .•...... 882-883 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS

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Sin,1e Copies, 1II e- VOL, XIII. Ko. 2 SI'IIIUFIELD, ILL., APRIL, 1913, 25e per Year, in """'-

The Menace of Convict Labor

(By John Mitchell.) The problem of the convict, what to do compete with the prison contractor with him, how to treat him, how to keep whose untaxed plant in the prison turns him employed without bringing about out the same class of goods at infinitely disastrous competition with free labor, less cost; when the very wife of the con­ what to do to relieve his family-de­ vict employed by the prison contractor prived of the support which likely he loses her job because of the competition gave it when free-how to make his in­ of her husband working within prison carceration most profitable morally to walls, the convict is unquestionably a him and to the community, furnishes a very grave menace industrially to the theme upon which much has been writ­ community. And this industrial menace ten and said and is a subject which every comes not alone to the free laborer, to person in the nation is deeply concerned, the honest wage-earning men and women whether he realizes it or not. whose jobs are taken from them. The Consideration of the questions of the honest employer who seeks to stand on management of prisons, the discipline his' own feet and conduct a reputable prevailing therein, punishments, "honor business that shall enable him to pay his systems," etc., may be left for those who employes living wages, who seeks to are banded together to bring about re­ build up the commercial life of the coun­ forms in these respects; the particular tryon a fair basis, and, of course, the object of this discussion is to bring home community itself as a whole, which suf­ to all who shall read it a comprehension fers as a result of demoralized business of the bearing of the question of convict conditions, pays the penalty which con­ labor has upon their own lives. tract convict labor imposes. There are those who hold-and their When we realize that nearly 15,000 number is not small-that the man in convicts are suffering from tuberculosis, prison is not usually a dangerous crimi­ that little is done to stamp out the dis­ nal; that "the average convict is the ease among prisoners, that in one prison most docile spiritless creature in the wide alone having a population of 1,400 there world. Of the great army of law break­ are 350 men suffering from various con­ ers, it is onlY' the failures who land in tagious diseases-some of them of the prison; and this consciousness of failure most loathsome character-and when we crushes the convict's spirit even more understand, further, that these men are than does the iron routine of the prison." in many instances engaged in making Surely then, they contend, if he can be shirts (one prison alone sending out put to some useful work which will at 4,000,000 shirts a year) which are sold least reimburse the State for his main­ under various labels all over the country, tenance and at the same time serve to in making cigars, shoes, stockings, over­ educate and fit him to make an honest alls, trousers (including boys' knicker­ living when he is released, the State owes backers) and petticoats, it is easy to see it other citizens who are honest and law­ what a menace to the community the con­ abiding and whose taxes support the re­ vict is physically. formatory institutions, to give the pris­ Just as it is evident that the convict oner such care, education and treatment has been, is, and will continue to be un­ that when he leaves the prison pe may til conditions are radically changed, a not be morally, industrially or physical­ dire menace to the moral, industrial and ly a menace to those about him. physical health of the community, so it Reform is coming along seyeral lines, is true that little, if any, salutary change' but heretofore the released convict, job­ can be brought about until the contract less, untrained, branded, has had little prison labor system with its attendant chance to be other than a menace moral­ evils, is abolished. Every investigation ly to the community. of prisons and prison management has When factories employing free labor brought ont the fact that to this system aTe closed because their owners cannot are due many of the worst conditions 868 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

that exist. ciency, cannot come anywhere near sup­ A barbarous social abuse sure to grow plying the market which the law has thus ()ut of the contract prison labor system supplied for prison-made goods. Some 18 in securing the needed laborers. A E.tates have successfully employed con­ Bub-committee of the House of Represen­ victs in road making, in breaking stone tatives, considering, three years ago, a for road repair and bUilding, and in cul­ report of the Baltimore grand jury, tivating farms to supply the prison ta­ learned that the authorities of penal in­ bles. These are methods for employing stitutions were anxious for long-term prison labor that have been shown prisoners, "in order," says the report through practice to be productive, as "that their financial showing shall be im' nearly as possible, of unmixed good, the proved and that they may get appropria­ outdoor work being particularly desir­ tions for new buildings, on the ground able, from several standpoints, for con­ of their being entirely or partially self­ victs afflicted with tuberculosis. o supporting. , The report further char­ acterizes this attitude as very commend­ For years the trade unionists have able! It is probably safe to say that been fighting-and much of the time it some of the men killed in the recent ex­ has been a terribly one-sided battle­ plosion in the State coal mine in Ala­ against the competition of convict labor, bama were poor and ignorant men sent and in this, as in many another social to prison-and thus, in this case, to death struggle, in seeking to protect them­ -for petty offenses. One investigator selves they have been defending the in­ terests of non-unionists and of society makes the statement that of 2,591 per­ sons imprisoned in 1910 in the New Ha­ in general. It was largely the efforts of ven (Conn.) county jail (one of the chair the molders' union, associated with other trust factories) fully 2,000 "had not com· labor organizations, that brought about mitted any crime at all," having been the constitutional amendment above re­ sentenced for petty quarrels, for drunk­ ferred to by which the "State use" sys­ enness, for trespassing on railroad prop­ tem was established. Organized labor is erty, for vagrancy, and similar offenses. sponsor for the bill introduced in Con­ gress to limit the commerce between the A prinicple at least highly promising States in goods manufactured wholly or for reform has been applied in New York in part by convict labor. This legisla­ State for fifteen years. PursuanL Lu Lhe tion wiii curtail Lo a large ex Lent the petitions of trade unionists and other cit­ markets of prison contractors, thus ren­ izens who agreed with their plan, the dering their at present enormously constitutional convention of 1894 adopted profitable business less remunerative, an amendment that only such goods protect to some considerable extent the should be made in the prisons as were to innocent public from the perils lurking be used in the public institutions of the in prison-made goods, and serve to State and its subdivisions. The national hasten the day when a wise system such committee on prison labor is authority as the "State use" system in vogue in for the statement that the prison popu­ New York will be established universal­ lation, even with greatly increased effi- ly. The Individual Value of Trade Unions

(By Robert Burton Bruce in The Carpenter) In a former article we sought to show of not one but every pair of eyes in hope the universal worth of labor organiza- thJtt each and everyone will be inter­ tions to nations, communities and gen- ested in our present and former views. eral business. In this, we shall, as here- Our friend regrets-rather hastily, we tofore intimated, present some views bear- fear-our failure to place the individual lng upon the personal value to each' in- value of labor's union organizations as dividual member that Beems to lie in worthy of consideration of wage earners, membership in the great body that go v- both personally and collectively, and as erns such organization, but especially its paramount to all other interests. There local constituents. was no failure. Nor was the thought A pardonable digression, not altogether passed. That this is true, we suggest indirectly, must be allowed. A fair and our critic to note the paragraph that in­ favorable comment, in extended form, troduces the present and then read again upon our recent views, comes from an in- the last clause of our preceding paper. tp.rested correspondent, who, however, In fact, let there be no exception. prefel s a personal in lieu of a published Every student of the labor movement response to his kindly favor. To be frank knows as well as we do that there are but courteous, we are compelled by cir- few labor readers of labor writings who cumstances to urge the propriety of utiliz- are deep digesters of what is written. It lng the latter courses, especially since were better if every wage earner, wheth­ our endeavor is to attract the attention er holding or not holding membership in THE ELECTRICAL WORKER a labor union, would read and digest No one who prides himself as possess­ every paper that bears upon the great ing able knowledge and experience, de­ movement which all must admit so vitally sires to work with or alongside of an un­ concerns the working people of the in­ trained, irresponsible, and disagreeable dustrial world. If this were done, there co-worker, nor to communicate to him would be a clear conception of the injus­ the valuable information and knowledge tice that is wrought against the laboring he has acquired from sources which he masses in the opposition and oppression knows have long been skilled and indus­ that is so often carried on by their ene­ trious workmen worthy of their hire and mies-their tyrannical and greedy em­ have been made so worthy by the princi­ ployers. ples and precepts, and under the guidance This only strengthens our fear that of organized labor. Nor will any true fewer still fully realize how really great unionist permit his son or daughter to in­ is the worth to the individual member, dustrialy train or associate with other as also to the general membership, of than those who uphold such principles, labor unions, and a local connection follow such precepts, and appreciate such with one that has a wage earner's re­ guidance. spective trade or vocational interests to Often have we heard the vagrant work­ guard and advance. Our insistence is er say, "Labor unions never did me any that industrial prosperity would have no good." Well, isn't it just as consistent foundation whatever were it not for the for the unionist to say, "Non-unionists might and main of union labor and its never did me any good." If anything, organizations; indeed the structures isn't it true and far more forcible to would be broader and firmer if members charge the vagrant element with being the gave to them unswerving fidelity so long hirelings of others to break the power as the buildings stood upon moral and and good of organized labor? Does that industrial right and justice. element ever aid and assist the families All power is greatest when it is com­ of those who are in battle against indus­ pact and concentrated. Its value is then trial oppression? Is not a union card a enhanced. Individual and collective ap­ better friend to either a transient or resi­ preciation, on the part of not only every dent worker who appeals for employment unionist, but every wage earner of or­ or the necessaries of life than the one ganized labor and its constituent bodies who steps in to accept and barely sub­ and their unity of power cannot but rise sists upon meager wages, and yields to to the righest, as the value of that power the denial of constitutional, social, po­ increases or is developed. As the great litic,,!. civil and industrial rights? business world needs the arm of depend­ All sHeh rights must be placed among able labor, so do the wage earners need the individual benefits arising from and require all the power of that same membership in a labor union. Specific­ arm to increase their own individual and ally, they should be classed as indus­ collective strength as requisite elements trial lH'nefits. rather than purply charita­ in that same 'World. ble and henpvolent hplps. Charity truly It is almost an utter impossibility to covers a multitude of sins, but it is not enumerate or even designate the special always the wi('kp(l sinner is of the err­ and specific benefits that lie in a mem­ ing, mi.sguided an(l unfortunate. Nor will bership in a labor union, and those that it be denied thflt true benevolence aids are embraced in organized labor's con­ more properly the needy and distressed centrated power. In the accepted view, or the family that meets misfortune or it is conceded that the rank and file give the family that is left in that state when this power its mighty strength in aiding by the decree of death the supporting toward increasing wages or holding them arm is taken forever from it. at a figure above the pinching point. How In the hours of sickness or distress shattered would that power be if either or the sadder ones of death. the indi­ the rank and file or both did not give vidual value of labor unions have, to a their individual or their collective en­ member, a corresponding greatness to deavors to retain and increase this the kindly offices which his church or his strength! As pertinently might it well be fraternal societi~s have ano perform for asked, of what value to the individual him and his famliy. Both are noble in­ member, if there were no such endeav­ stitutions worthy of noble support. As ors that strength were so shattered? a final suggestion to all unionists worthy Just as difficult a task is it to estimate to be considered such, is the admonition the value in the amelioration of work­ that a failure to pay dues, fines and ing conditions and the lessening of the assessments, called for by lahor unions, lengths of burdening working hours. In cuts off not only the industrial helps but this first effort, the cost of living is in­ all the benefits of charitable and be­ volved, while in the second, the danger nevolent power. May we not, therefore, and endurance of the physical and not in­ ask in behalf of the fa.mily and the frequently the mental faculties and forces home that no unionist surrender by of the toilers, is unquestionably a matter choice or neglect his valuable member­ of deep and serious consideration to the ship in the local union in which he has individual member. placed it? 870 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

I • ,---O_B_I_T_·U__ A_R_Y~1il

Herman Oster, L. U. No.1, St. Louts, Mo. S. Martin, L. U. No.9, Chicago, Ill. C. McDonald, L. U. No. 340, Sacra· mento, Cal. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 871

I [j] IN MEMORIAM I [j] I

Dallas, Texas, March 27, 1913. Whereas, a brother came to us out of the west and was welcomed and dwelt amongst us for a while secure in the belief that for the present at least he was secure from trouble and misfortune. But the Great Ruler of the universe saw l1t to visit upon him an everlasting sorrow by taking from this earth his beloved father. Therefore, be it Resolved, That the officers and members of Local Union No. 69, 1. B. E. W., Dallas, Texas, extend our heartfelt sympathy to Brother Mahoney and his loved ones at home In this their hour of bereavement and sorrow. Resolved, That we commend those dependent on the deceased to the tender care and protection of our worthy brother, whom we know will fill as far as possible, the place of the departed father, and who will be as tender, loving and affectionate to them as he has been true and loyal to the Brotherhood. Resolved, That one copy of these resolutions be mailed to Brother Mahoney, one copy to the Electrical Worker and one copy to be spread upon our minutes. ROBT. J. POUNDER, G. L. PAYNE, T. J. MIZELL, of. D. EGAN, Committee.

Whereas, Local Union No. 335, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, has been called upon to pay the last tribute of respect, to the memory of one of Its members, President and Brother S. R. Alley, who was taken from our midst by death, resulting from a fall from a pole, in Springfield, Moo, April 22, 1913. Whereas, The members of Local No. 335 lost by his death a true union man, and a brother esteemed, therefore, be it Resolved, That the members of Local Union No. 335, I. B. of E. W., extend their deepest and heartiest sympathy to his family, relatives and friends In this their hour of grief and loneliness, and be it further Resolved, That our charter be draped in mourning, for a period of thirty days, and a copy of these resolutions be sent to the bereaved family, a copy spread on the minutes, and a copy sent to our official journal for publication. Signed J. M. ALDRIDGE, J. H. EUTSLER, H. E. REYNOLDS, RALPH CLINE, E. N. HUGHES, L. G. SYPOLT, Committee. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

z < :iE 1&1 ..J I­ Z 1&1 C1 C 1&1 o II: D. II: ::J o < THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 873

Official Journal of the NOTICE. INTERNATIONAL Local No. 427 hereby informs all mem­ bers that they have placed in force Sec­ IftOTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS tion 8, Article 14 of the Constitution. Published Monthly. pending adjustment of the present diffi­ culty in their jurisdiction. F. J. McNulty, Supervising Editor CHAS. P. FORD, Editor. NOTICE. Pierik Bldg., Sprincfield, III. Local No. 1 desires to inform the Brotherhood that on account of unsettled Executive Officers. conditions in their jurisdiction, it has be­ come necessary for them to put in force International President F. J. McNult, Article 14, Section 8 of the Constitution. Pierik BIdg., Springfield, Ill. I nternational Secretary Chu. P. Ford NOTICE. Pi erik Bldg., Springfield, Ill. If you have subscribed for The Worker. and do not receive it, notify the editor International Treasurer W. A. HOlan immediately. 50 East 59th St., New York Cit,. International Vice· President - G. M. Bupazet NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. 323 W. 12th St., New York, N. Y. Should you change your address, do not fail to notify the editor, so that the International Vice· Presidnet - James P. Noonan transfer can be made on our subscrip­ Pierik Bldi., Sprinl[field, Ill. tion book, which will assure your re­ International Vice-President L. C. Graoaer ceiving The Worker at your new ad­ dress. 2158 High St., Oakland, Cal. NOTICE. I nternational Executive Board. Local No. 716 of Houston, Texas, here­ First District G. W. Whitford by informs the Brotherhood that on ac­ count of difficulty in their jurisdiction, it 566 Lexington Ave., New York, N. Y. will be necessary to enforce the 90 days Second District F. L. Kelley clause relative to traveling cards. 211 1\1 St., Boston, Mass. Third District M. P. Gordon EXECUTIVE BOARD VOTE ON DEATH Room 607 McGeagh Bldg., Pittsburg, Pa. CLAIM OF FRANK HARRING­ Fourth District F. E. Dolan TON, L. U. No. 419. 100 Main St., Wheeling, W. Va. Fifth District Harvey W. Raven Yes No. 7956 Constance Ave., Chicaio, Ill. G. W. Whitford ...... X Sixth District Frank Swor F. L. Kelley ...... X R. F. D. No.6. Box 45, Arlington, Texas. M. P. Gordon ...... X Seventh District H. M. Scott H. W. Raven ...... X 573 N. St. Louis St., Los Angeles, Cal. F. E. Dolan ...... F. Swor ...... X ~Il H. M. Scott ...... X

SOME MORE LOCAL UNIONS. NOTICE. We welcome to our fold the following Anyone knowing the whereabouts of Locals: P. W. Fox of Local No. 527, Galveston, 462, Waycross, Ga. Texas, will confer a favor upon that local 464, Schenectady, N. Y. by communicating with M. C. Lamar, 476, Saginaw, Mich. 2419 Ave. F, Galveston, Texas. 478, Waco, Texas. 158, Green Bay, Wis. NOTICE, 479, Beaumont, Texas. 485, Rock Island, Ill. Local No. 136, Birmingham, Ala., de­ 488, Brideport, Ct. sires to inform the Brotherhood that 388, Palestine, Texas. they have placed in force of Art. VIX 490, Dallas, Texas. Sect. 8 of the constitution. -i92, Montreal, Can. 327, Kalamazoo, Mich. NOTICE. They will prove a valuable addition to our Brotherhood in its future battles. If your subscription has expired, re­ We wish them God speed ani pro. new promptly. perity. 874 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER fl~ EDITORIAL F. J. McNULTY

SECESSION: AND The Secession in our Brotherhood occurred in ITS DEFEAT. fall of 1!J08, about four and one-half years ago. Cir­ cular letters galore have been issued by the leaders thereof during that time. ahusing everyone in general that dared disagree with their disrupting tactics. Charges of almost e\'ery crime found on the calendar of a court of law were made against the leaders of the American Labor Movement, also against the officers of our Brotherhood. When the first of these circulars appeared on the horizon of organized Labor they caused quite a commotion. \Vord was passed along the line, that a most terrible exposure was about to be made of the President, the Secretary, the Executive Board, and other officers of the International Brotherhood of Electrical \Vorkcrs, that the Electrical \Vorkers Brother­ hood would crumble to the ground by the force of this exposure. The men of Organized Labor who believed the contents of those scurilous circular letters and the monthlv issue of the Sandalizer of the seceders did so because they thought it w'as impossible for any man or set of men 'within or without the iabor movement to stoop so low as to cir­ culate such stories, when there were no foundation of fact under them. Those men have been waiting patiently to hear this dreadful exposure from week to week, from month to month and from year to year, but alas it never materialized. Those same men have asked themseh'es repeatedly, can it be, we were duped into believing honest men were dishonest by men cloaked in dress of honest reform, though their lying circular letters, their monthly scandalizer. At least ninety per cent of those men have come to the conclusion that they have been duped, by the leaders of the secessionists, and are heartly sorry for the part they played in the farce comedy now nearing the end of its run on the boards of the Labor movement. The followers of the disrupters are now leaving them like rats desert a sinking ship, just as we predicted in these columns some time ago, they are coming back where they belong, sorry for ever leaving our grand old Brotherhood and prepared to work harder for the advancements of its in­ terests than ever before. The end of the disrupters is in sight, while the American Labor Move­ ment is still going on and on, and our Brotherhood is holding its place, marching on with the great multitude of organized men and women under the banner of the American Federation of Labor. Our President, our Executive Board, in fact, everyone of our officers who were to be placed in jail by those character assassins who are the leading spirits of the secession movement are still breathing "God's" pure air of Freedom, and are respected by those who know them best, both within and without the Organized Labor movement. 'Vhile the character assassins are dispised by those they duped into believing they were acting in good faith, who waited long and patiently for them to make good, on at least one of the malicious charges they made. THE ELECTRICAL ,VORKER 875

\\" e are blessed by liying in an age where the custom is to consider every man innocent until he is proven guilty of any charge that may be preferred against him by any character of man in accordance with the laws of our cou"ntry or the laws of our organization, as the case may be. Every man has his day in court, his character may be damaged con­ siderably a\\"aiting for that day, but just so sure as it comes justice will be accorclecl him, if he is right he has nothing to fear if he is right he will fight to the finish, if he is right he will win. This strug-gle that our Brotherhood has been engaged in for the past four and one-half years was not directed at the officers, for if that were the object it would have been unnecessary for the Sullivans, Reids and Murphys to secede, as they could have got rid of the officers and laws which were undesirable if they showed good reasons for their removal, or in other words (if they had the goods). Oh, no, it was not the officers, it was the Brotherhood they \vanted to put out of commission, or at least set her back, make her helj)less to aid our members to better their condi­ tions, aye to help them hold the conditions they created through sacrifice and hard work. If that was not the motive, why did they scab it on us in (;ary, Ind., Chicago, Ill., New York city, Albany, N. Y., Hudson, N. Y., Buffalo, N. Y., Pittsburg, Pa., and other places too numerous to mention. We are proud of our loyal members, \ve are proud of the American Labor Movement who stood so loyally by us and who never waive red in their faith as to the righeousness of the cause for which we fought. Yes, the battle is about over, and the principles for which we fought and maintained by our victory, cannot successfully be attacked in the future by any member or members, be they disgruntled, disappointed or dissatisfied, or representatives of antagonistic employers or associations of employers. \Ve have established the fact that the constitution of a voluntary or­ ganization is binding upon all members thereof, and further when any member or members see fit to leave the orgal)ization they relinquish all rights as to benefits and property thereof, they sever completely and cleanly all connections with the organization and have absolutely no rights therein. We are going to stop them from using the name "International Broth­ erhood of Electrical Workers," also the facsimile of our seal, our charter and all our printed matter. We will see to it that all of our legal rights are accorded us. In our times of victory we have been lenient to the extreme, we have not tried to take advantage of our position, we threw our doors wide open and said to all those members that left the fold to follow the banner of secession. "Come back," "we want you back," "we hold nothing against you" for leaving us, we want to make our Brotherhood a united one, a powerful one. Come back, we will welcome you back, all it will cost you to come back per member is just what it costs our own members for the current month's per capita t;1.:'( and death assessment. We could go no further if we tried to. We are receiving the praises of everyone interested for throwing our doors open to the seceders on such liberal terms in our hour of victory. No one can deny that we have 8'16 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER done our duty in the premises nur accuse us of in anyway violating the ethics of the Labor movement, we made our fight strictly along trade union lines, we \yon because we were right, we fought the hattIe honestly and are proud of (lur \'ict()ry, \ye are proue! of the loyalty of our mem­ bers. \\-e are thankful t() the .\merican Federation of Labor and all of its departments "'ith \\ hich we are aftlliated for the loyal support rendered us in our battle a~ainst a hand of disrupters. who would in our estimation skuttle a ship (In the high seas, if they thought they would get the sah·age. To those wIll> "pp()sed us. we hold no ill will, being broad enough to believe that they were merely dupes of the secession leaders, we sin­ cerely hope the urganizations to which they belong will never be confronted with secession, hut should fate rule otherwise we will join forces with them. help them all we can in our humble way, and never desert them while that (,\yardly demon secession confronts. them.

WEEKLY DIFFICULTY Our 1\rotherhood should pay a stated BENEFITS. \veekly difficulty benefit to members in recog­ nized difficulty. It is imperative that we do so, if we hope to keep pace with the other International Organizations in bettering the conditions of our members.

1 t is true our International ExecuLi vc Board call donate from the g'eneral fund to a local union lump SlllllS of money, but this is far from being satisfactory, as we can never depend on it that there will be any money available in the general fund that can be used for defense pur­ poses. Then again we never can tell how long a difficulty is going to last, so that eyen if there ,vere. some available money in the general fund that the International Executive Hoard could give a local union in difficulty, it may not be sufficient to pay a stated benefit for two weeks to the num­ ber of members that 11li~ht he involved. I n fact, under our present "yste11l, our members haye no assur­ ance that they \yill reeeiYe one penn)' if they are compelled to strike in protection of their local union's interest:;, or locked out by their employers for the reason that there may not be any surplus in the general fund that can be used by the I. E. B. for defense purposes. Our mem hers are demanding that we adopt some system that will assure them a stated sum each week during a recognized difficulty. We believe they are right in this agitation, we should pay strike benefits to our members each and eyery week while they are involved in a recogniged difficulty or are locked out by their employers. \Ve lliUSt get away from our cheap financial system and adopt a financial plan that will assure our members that they will not be starved into sub­ mission in the eYent of a difficulty arising. We should raise the per capita tax and not a five cent raise either, but raise it to say a basis of 40 per cent of each locals income. the other sixty per cent to be kept by the local unions ior local expenses. Such a system would mean better conditions for our members throughout our jurisdiction, as it would impress the fact, on the minds of our employers, that they could not force us to yield through lack of finances. THE ELECTRICAL ,YORKER 877

Think this over, and see that your delegate to the Boston conven­ tion is instructed to vote favorably on it, when it comes up for discussion. We are one of the cheapest organizations in the American Labor move­ ment. Our members pay less monthly dues and per capita tax, than do the members of any other skilled trade, and still they expect more in re­ turn. We must remember that we cannot expect to get a dollar out of an organization of labor unless we pay a dollar into it. A sound financial plan for our Brotherhood should be the aim of all of us, thereby enabling our Brotherhood to pay a higher International death benefit, an International sick benefit, and an International difficulty benefit. V.,Te should see to it that this important question is brought up for discussion in our respective Local "L'nions.

CAN YOU BEAT ,Vhile in Portland. Oregon we appeared before THIS ONE? the ExecutiYe Committee of the Building Trades Council to rerequest the unseating of seceding Local No. 317. One of the representatiYes of that Local Union, who \ve are sure is honest and who believed what he said was true, made a statement, the substance of which is as follows: "I have always said that l\fr. l\lcNulty was legally and technically right, but was morally wrong. vVe elected Mr. Reid our President at our convention, and because we had seated in that convention some Local Unions that owed per capita tax, Mr. McNulty \vent into court and claimed Mr. Reid was not elected legally, and the judge decided Mr. McNulty was right, and therefore declared him, Mr. McNulty, the legal President. That the young man believed what he said was true, I am fully con­ vinced, as he made the statement with every ring of sincerity. We felt heartily sorry for him, as he is one of many that are opposed to us who have been filled up to the neck by their leaders with lies, in order that they would dig' down in their jeens and pay the cash. which is their greatest necessity. These boys never stopped to think for a moment that they were be­ ing lied too, they just accepted the picture of McNulty as their leaders painted him, without question. Well, when I told him the truth that we had never brought Mr. Reid or any of the leading seceders into court at any time and that we had not been responsible for any law suit, that the only time we had been in court was to defend our characters and the Brotherhood against the attacks of his leaders, Messrs. Reid, Sullivan and J\1urphy, through Mr. Geib, of Cleyeland, and that they, Reid, Sulliyan and ::\1 urphy had been solely responsible for all the law suits we ever were engaged in. Vve could read in his face the words, "Haye I been duped." If he is as sincere as we think he is, he will now inyestigate the matter and seek the truth for himself, if he does that we will find him battling for our cause, as are thousands who were also duped by the disruptionists. who sought the truth and when they found it repudiated the secession moyement and came back to our fold stronger supporters than ever. What did the Executiye Committee of the Huilding Trades Council do after they heard the arguments. They yoted unanimously in ()ur fayor. 878 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

BE ONE OR The time has now arrived when all Electrical \Vorkers THE OTHER. must come out flat footed and take a position on the Secession movement. \Ve are either right or we are wrong, if we are right we desire united support, if we are wrong no sup­ port should be given us. There should be no carrying water on both shoulders, no paying per capita tax to the seceders, and at the same time pay per capita tax to our office. In other words, we cannot consistently be a trades unionist when talk­ ing to trades unionists and a seceder when talking to seceders, we must be one or the other. The courts of the bona fide Labor movement have decided we are right, the courts of Law to which the seceders brought our Brotherhood have decided we are right, so there can be no legitimate excuse for any Electrical \Vorker to say he does not know which side of the question is right. When you meet any of those straddlers make them show their colors, and be one or the other, a trade unionists or a seceder, then we can figure whether he is with us or against us and treat him accordingly.

WHAT DO YOU KNOW We have been informed that a certain ABOUT THIS? Local Union is carrying water on both shoulders, by keeping two sets of books, one for the seceders and one for our Brotherhood, sending per capita to the seceders as well as our office each month. vVe are investigatmg the matter to make sure of the facts before revoking the charter thereof, which we will do without hesitation, if we find the above state of affairs exist. There is absolutely no reason for this, the seceders are nearly five years old and every local union and member should know by this time who is right or wrong in the premises. \Ve \"ill not tolerate any of our local unions or members carrying water on both shoulders, they must be one or the other. Trade unionists or secessionists.

DEMAND .THE You should insist on getting the "Union Label UNION LABEL. on all your wearing apparel, from your shoes to your hat. If your dealer cannot supply you walk out and go to one that can, remember there is no power that can make you wear scab goods; it is up to you, so do your duty.

High Dues and high per Capita Tax means better wages, better condi­ tions, better Local Unions and a better International Brotherhood.

Every month since Judge Phillips handed down his decision, shows that our Brotherhood has had a substantial increase in membership.

Wanted-A recipe that will make the press secretaries send a monthly letter to the Worker. Liberal reward. Address Editor. . THE ELECTRICAL "VORKER 879

There is a strong agitation on in the Eastern States for an increased death benefit. What do you think about it?

Why do you not help us make the \Vorker better by sending In your ideas as to how we can improve it.

Do you notify the 1. O. when you change your address, so you can have the Worker sent there?

The power of a Local Union is just what its members make it. No more or no less.

How about those amendments to our Constitution? You had better get busy on them.

Are you a candidate for delegate to our Convention? If so, you better get busy.

Are you watching us grow? \Ve are coming fast and nothing can stop us.

We should consider well our own faults before criticising the faults of others.

To the secessionists-get on the Band \iVagon.

Our Convention is only five months away.

The Convention committee appointed best of hotels, restaurants, convention by our various Boston locals have request­ meeting halls, and a large number of ed that we publish the letter received by excellent theatres and in other places of the Rochester Convention' from the Bos­ amusement such as a vistor to any con­ ton Chamber of Commerce. You will note vent desires to have. Furthermore, Bos­ the letter explains a few of the many ton is, as you know, one of the most in­ advantages of Boston as a convention terf'sting. cities to visit in this country. city. The letter follows: It has a wealth of historical tradition and September 25, 1911. points of historical interest to be seen, International Brotherhood of Electrical it has large numbers of educational in­ Workers in Session, stitutions, the famous public library and Rochester, ~. Y. art museum, and in the autumn when Gentlemen: your convention would be here, its su­ It has been called to the attention of burbs and parks offer delightful oppor­ the Boston Chamber of Commerce that tun ties for recreation. the International Brotherhood of Elec­ We should be glad to have you here trical Workers will be glad to have their l1f'Xt year, if you canot come then, next annual meeting in Boston. The please consider definitely that we want Chamber of Commerce hopes very much YOII in 1913. that your Association will accept the in­ Very truly yours, vitation which will undoubtedly be ex­ President. tended to you. Secretary. The advantages of Boston as a con­ vention city, particularly in the autumn, Conventions Committee. must be weH known to you. It has the Chamber of Commerce. 8BO THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

212 ...... , " ...... 194261 194311 226 ...... 308251 308276 L OeAL Union Official 233 ...... 19706 1972' R.ceipt. up to and in­ 234 ...... 141030 141032 235 ...... : 146321 146365 cludi1l6 the 10th of the 236 ...... 237884 2379:S! caTTent month ~ ~ ~ 247 ...... '" '" ...... 297011 297272 247 Sub ...... 246908 246928 252 .... '" " ...... 110317 110321 Members' receipts received from Local 254 ...... , ...... 102961 103088 Unions from March .. to April ..• in­ 255 ., ...... •.... 205745 clusive: 255 ...... 205748 205759 L. U. From To 257 ...... , '" 99778 99792 1 ...... 245071 245150 261 ...... •.... 225554 225680 6 ...... 226304 226500 262 ...... •••.. 117919 117931 6 ...... 291001 291005 262 ., ...... • 117952 117965 8 ...... 108361 108387 267 ...... " ...... 306763 306823 9 ...... 43671 44151 268 ...... •.. 22716 22721 12 ...... 217725 217754 269 .... , " ... '" . " ...... 231046 231073 13 ...... •... 272347 272410 271 ...... 237148 237211 17 ...... 274236 274499 282 ...... , ...... 90328 90354 20 ...... 98078 98180 302 ...... 246409 246068 22 ...... 148907 149956 303 ...... 180089 180097 23 ...... 124304 124318 319 ...... 218341 218350 26 ...... 306001 306128 321 ...... 287256 287289 34 ...... 136118 136160 323 ...... " .. , .. 253571 253590 38 ...... 248662 248807 328 ...... 289509 289523 41 ...... 293412 293583 332 .... '" ...... '" '" 24885 24915 49 ...... 75385 75458 335 ...... 220722 220741 60 ...... • 167307 167330 340 ...... 238756 238780 62 ...... •. 249462 249593 349 ...... 94444 94459 354 ...... 327751 327840 56 ...... 0 ••••••••••• 181081 18112Q 61 ...... 18189 18250 358 ...... 41392 41411 61 ...... 275251 275394 361 ...... 26605 26617 64 ...... 186222 186275 362 ...... •...... 279013 279053 66 ...... 318001 318039 369 ..... , ., ...... '" ..... 285083 285135 68 ...... , ... " . " ..... 51650 51750 377 ...... •..•...... 121224 121259 69 ...... 301517 301622 377 Sub ...... 170271 170290 72 ...... 157640 157691 381 ...... 295671 295890 80 ...... 30027 30055 390 ...... 226610 226618 85 ...... 294337 294737 390 ...... 226622 226625 86 ...... 169307 169402 390 ...... 226630 226631 96 '" ...... 211860 211928 390 ., ...... , ...... 226633 226635 98 ...... 245841 245936 390 .... '" ..... , ...... 226638 100 ...... 89503 89542 390 ...... 226641 226661 102 ...... 175272 175324 392 ...... , " ..... 297779 297798 104 ...... " ...... 275101 275250 396 ...... 285840 285900 104 ...... 310510 310995 402 ...... '" ...... '" 29884 29888 108 ...... 127658 127690 403 ...... , .. 280558 280603 110 .. , ...... 36892 36924 404 ...... 256051 256140 110 ...... 144672 144750 410 ...... 311251 311547 116 ...... 36362 36385 419 ...... 241914 242040 117 ...... 209556 209566 423 ...... 261039 261050 124 ...... 276851 276990 425 ...... 147084 147128 130 ...... 302303 3023:31 427 ...... , .. 304504 304546 133' ... , ...... 223595 223598 430 ...... 271529 271552 136 ...... 273151 273201 442 ...... , " ...... , .... 240661 240750 140 ...... 31971 32019 442 ...... 288751 288870 146 ...... 177179 177191 442 SUb ...... , .. 276135 149 ...... 93595 93606 442 Sub ...... 276141 276208 168 ...... 162826 162827 443 ...... '" .... 294764 294779 183 ...... 305281 444 '" ...... " ... , " ..... 40668 40678 30530a 453 ...... 300751 184 ...... 232598 232616 300789 186 ...... 202610 202628 461 ...... 309751 309784 187 ...... 270042 270056 463 ...... 247578 247678 190 ...... 79091 79100 464 ...... 321751 321786 190 ...... '" " ...... 79147 79192 474 ...... 224662 224706 197 ...... 243787 243796 481 ...... 269577 269880 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 881

494 ...... 270928 271010 L. U. No. 116-No. 36361. 501 ...... 201624 201738 L. U. No. 140-No. 32017. 18. 501 ...... '" " ...... 321001 321003 506 ...... 34678 3468·1 L. U. No. 184-No. 232612, 13, 14, 15. 527 ...... , " ...... 299251 2992'0'8 L. U. No. 190-No. 79155. 528 ., .. , ...... 131008 131013 L. U. No. 233-No. 19722, 23, 24, 25. 534 ...... 12707 13560 L. U. No. 235-Nos. 146338, 39, 40, 51. 536 ...... 120710 120751) 52, 57. 62, 63, 64. 536 ...... 307501 307509 538 ..... " ...... 251514 251452 L. U. No. 255-Nos. 205749, 54, 55. 541 ., ...... 98549 98571 L. U. No. 261-No. 225676 to include 562 ...... 171768 171780 225679. 565 ...... 258605 258750 L. U. No. 282-Nos. 90327, 52. 565 ...... 320251 320318 L. U. No. 340-No. 238776, 77. 581 ...... 46749 46804 L. U. No. 381-No. 293882, 83, 84, 85. 583 ...... 298553 298582 588 ...... 64033 64042 L. U. No. 403-Nos. 280527 to include 591 ...... 31398 31457 280557. 592 ...... , ...... 234066 234073 L. U. No. 419-No. 241949. 595 .... , ...... 155016 155250 L. U. No. 423-Nos. 261040, 261049. 595 ...... 312751 312800 L. U. No. 425-No. 147122 to include 40329 614 ...... 40328 147127. 617 ., ...... " .. 118631 118641 620 .... , ...... 60130 601;$7 L. U. No. Sub·442-No. 276201, 2, 3, 4, 5. 625 ...... 41371 41392 L. U. No. 461-Nos. 247602, 6. 631 ...... 41522 415:n L. U. No. 474-Nos. 224699, 700. 141870 639 ...... 141854 L. U. No. 527-No. 299255, 68. 643 Sub ...... 168129 168140 643 Sub ...... 168121 168126 L. U. No. 527-No. 299271 to include 643 ...... 42219 42227 299275. 644 ...... 303751 303980 L. U. No. 595-No. 312764 to include 645 ...... 78361 78389 312790. 648 ...... 43407 43408 L. U. No. 595-No. 312799. 658 ...... 45588 45600 L. U. No. Sub·643-Nos. 168134, 35. 658 ...... 300001 300017 659 ...... 56678 56721 L. U. No. 644-Nos. 303882, 890. 667 ...... 53888 53896 L. U. No. 645-Nos. 78365, 69, 78. 677 ...... 150855 150883 L. U. No. 648-No. 43406. 679 ...... 81183 81197 L. U. No. 667-Nos. 53883, 87. 680 ...... 257280 257291 682 ...... 69963 69981 L. U. No. 677-Nos. 150864, 65. 695 ...... 22228 22240 L. U. No. 696-No. 129568. 696 ...... 129539 129574 L. U. No. 701-No. 115592. 701 ...... 115583 115600 L. U. No. 702-No. 106184 to include 702 ...... 106189 106197 106188. 703 ...... 105311 105325 L. U. No. 722-No. 150197. 707 ...... 109286 109319 713 ...... 166311 166500 714 ...... 236546 236600 714 ...... 40328 40329 THE TWO MILLION MARK REACHED. 717 ... , ...... 60987 61030 718 ...... 79696 79721 719 ...... 91529 91591 With the close of the month of March 722 ...... 150170 150205 the American Federation of Labor passed the 2,000,000 mark. This remarkable in­ crease in membership of over 200,000 MISSING RECEIPTS. since the Rochester convention is not alone gratifying but really exceeded ex­ L. U. No. I-Nos. 245067, 68, 69, 70. pectations, and clearly demonstrates that the unorganized working men and L. U. No. 13-Nos. 272347 to include women of North America are beginning 272359. to realize the benefits they can derive L. U. No. 23-No. 124305. from organized efforts. Another fact is L. U. No. 50-No. 167308. brought out very clearly, and that is L. U. No. 72-No. 157664. that the American Labor Movement will thrive and grow and carry out its great L. U. No. 100-No. 89539. and noble purpose in spite of the efforts L. U. No. 104-Nos. 310574, 75. of hostile employers, seceders and other L. U. No. 108-No. 127685, 89. professional WOUld-be union busters. 882 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

Telephone Operators , ..•• Section .... ,

\Vith this issue we have set aside a section of our journal for the use of the Telephone Operators. vVe have good reasons ~o believe that they will assist us in making this section of our journal interest­ ing to our members and at the same time believe it will be the means of interesting the operators throughout the country on the question of organizing.

VICTORY FOR TELE­ Sub-Local 104, Boston Telephone Oper PHONE OPERATORS. ators, celebrated their first anniversary by reaching a settlement with the New Eng- land Telephone Company. The Boston operators who have been organized just one year have demonstrated. what can be accomplished by organized efforts if backed up by proper affiiiation. It clearly shows that no class of employes, no matter what their calling, need be at the mercy of their employer, no matter how gigantic a corporation they may work for, providing they will organize and identify themselves with the bonefide Labor Movement. When one compares the manner that the entire difficulty was handled and the results attained wi-th the manner in whi<;h many labor difficulties have been handled in the recent past by so-called labor or­ ganizations, such as the 1. W. W. and others, who are foes of conserva­ tive and constructive unionism, we cannot help but feel justly proud of the Brotherhood's methods and policies. To much credit cannot be given to the rank and file of Sub-I04, who would not permit themselves to be intimidated by the threats or in­ fluenced by the glowing offers that were held out to them to desert their associations. They knew they were right and that right was bound to prevail. The shop worn and thread-bare methods used by the company, of bringing to Boston hundreds of strike-breakers and housing them in the best hotel in open violation of a truce, failed in its purpose of in­ fluencing the operators to disregard the truce, which they made in good faith and respected both in letter and spirit. We hazard the opinion that the' company, no doubt, now realizes that it would have been far more honorable and a much better investment had the money expended by them for this purpose, been used to establish still better conditions THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 883 for their employes, whose co-operation is necess'ary to give the public efficient sen'ice, and to make the business a profitable and successful enterprise. It is sincerely hoped that a lik~ situation will never occur again. and it is reasonable to believe that our future relations with the com­ pany will be friendly and that the company will deal with our organiza­ tion the same as with any other business institution. Employers of labor are fast realizing that it is far more satisfactory to treat with their employes through the medium of responsible trades unions, and we do not belieye the ?\ew England Telephone Company will prove all exception to the general rule. Just a word to the operators brought to Boston as strike-breakers, we fully u11der~tand the influence brought to bear on them. \Ve know any deversi',11 \\"(JUld naturally appeal to them, we will not criticise to strongly, for we believe these girls did 110t realize that the struggle at Boston was their struggle as well. It is hard to believe that they would willingly be used to defeat their sister operators in establishing a living wage had they fully un­ derstood that the success of the Boston operators would be to their in­ terest as well. \Ve are inclined to think that the opportunity to get away from their usual daily grind appealed to them so strongly, that they did not consider the effect their action might have on their sisters efforts in Boston . . These operators may feel assured, however, if they are ever con­ fronted with a like situation in their respective home cities, that the Boston operators will stand ready to assist them in their efforts rather than defeat them. We sincerely appreciate the willing and valuable assistance t'en­ dered by the Boston Central Labor Union, Chamber of Commerce,' the mayor of Boston, and other city and state official$.

TELEPHONES ON THE OREGON be equipped, one from Portland to For­ est Grove and the other from Portland ELECTRIC RAILWAY LINES. to Eugene. The former division is ap· proximately 40 miles, while the other is The latest electric railway system of approximately 125 miles in length. There the northwest to adopt the telephone for are to be two train dispatchers, both lo­ dispatching its trains is the Oregon Elec· cated at Hoyt street station, Portland. tric Railway. This railway is an integral The apparatus to be used includes two part of the great system of railways complete dispatcher's equipments com· which reaches from the North Pacific prising key cabinets and 45 calling keys coast to the Great Lakes, the Missouri in all besides the telephone sets, and 35 and Mississippi valleys, comprising the way station equipments, consisting of No. North Bank Road, Oregon Trunk, Great 102·B selector sets, containing the well­ Northern and Northern Pacific Railways known standard No. 50 type selector and and the Burlington Route, The Oregon the new "folding gate" type telephone Electric line recently opened its new bracket, known as the No. 147, equipped line from Portland to Eugene, Ore., and with Western Electric desk stands. Foot now :has in operation that division and switches, cutout and vacuum arrestors one from Portland to Forest Grove, Ore. and switch panels are also being furnish· The former traverses the heart of the ed. Trains will be equipped with No. famous Williamette valley, which is the 1330·E portable telephone sets fC3r use in richest and most productive portion of communicating with headquarters from the entire state of Oregon as far as ago points between stations. Each portable ricultural resources are concerned. set will be furnished with line poles and The telephone train dispatching ap­ plugs. The latter are to be used in con· paratus with which the road is to be nection with 50 No. 186 type jacks wlMch equipped will be supplied by the West· will be installed at sidings along the ern Electric Company. Two circuits will rigIit of way. 884 TIlE ELECTRIC\L 'YORKER Correspondence ~I L. U. NO. 474, MEMPHIS, TENN. opposition from the various Local Un­ ions. Local Union No. 474 requires these A Little Information From Memphis. men to have his Building Trades card for the quarter not latter that the 16th of Editor:-In April, H112, there were first month in the quarter. We have about twenty electric-al workers in Local Wiremen in this Local Union that have Union ~o. 474 of :'Ifem]lhis that were in joined since May, 1912, that were re­ good standing, for two or three weeks we ceiving $3.00 and $3.25 per day before were unable to get enough of the boys they joined the union. Now they are re­ together on a meeting night to hold a ceiving $3.60 per day. Well, what of meeting. So the theory was advanced to that, that is nothing unusual. We will send in the charter and put our cards grant that this is a common occurrence in in the general offi('e, Rome of the old the trade movement. But- did you ever heads objected to that lllon~ and suggest­ look at a problem of that kind in a ed that we get in tOU<'h with the Mc­ business way. No, I haven't. Well, just ~ulty Faction of Eledric-al 'Varkel's and let me show you an investment that an see if we couldn't reaffiliate with them, business men would like to get. These this we did, we affiliated with the Mc­ men have joined the union and it cost Nulty faction on the 1st of May, 1912, them $5.00 to jOin and s,inee they be­ after being in the Reed-~Iurphy faction come members they pay a monthly dues since the split. I am not going to tell of $1.00 per month. And in return for you what we done while with the Reed­ this $1.00 per month as dues to the Murphy faction. I am only going to let union, they are getting in return the you iorm yuur u,\Yll conclusion as v,re had sum of $~.10 and $15.00 .1)cr month. twenty men in good standing when we Now if you can show a business man affiliated with the McNulty faction. But that he can get these returns upon his since we affiliated with the l"I[eXu]ty far.· money invested, you could get enougll tion on May 1, 1912, we have built our money to buy the Standard Oil Co., but membership up to about 13" men and are it is a hard proposition to get a work­ at the present time taking in a lot more ing man to look at anything of thIs under an open charter at $3.00 per mem­ character in a business way. We also ber. On our last meeting we initiated have the men who work for the city four new members and reeeived the ap­ and have an agreement with the city am­ plications of eleven new members under daIs not to use anything but union men. the open charter fee of $3.00. During I will also state that the city is going the month of April while our ('harter ;s to purchase the Merchants' Power Plant, open we expect to organize from fifty to and if they do that we will make Mem­ seventy-five men. And on and after l\Iay llhis a union town as far as the Linemen ] 1913, the initiation fee of Inside 'Vire­ are concerned. A. D. Pierce, ~an will be $50.00 and all other initiation Secretary. fees will be $10.00. "'e have at present sixteen shops that employe only union L. U. NO. 110, ST. PAUL, MINN. men and pay the seale of $3.60. and w.· expect to get a few more during April Editor:-Just a few lines this month and those that we don't get we are go­ to let the rank and file of our Brother­ ing to fight off of the map. We also or­ hood know that we are still alive to the ganized a Building Trades' Council here situation that confronts us, and that we in the latter part of 1912 and I am proud never intend to stop until we get better to say that we have every trade in the conditions in this city, since writing a council with th(' exception of rhe ~innerR, few lines last month, we have had one but they are coming in next meeting. meeting with the contractors here, and The council has just had a mass meet­ while we did not arrive on anything defi­ ing of all non-union men, and I must nate, we have ever reasons to believe say that it was a success as we filled that we will be successful in getting a the entire second fioor of the building fair wage agreement with all contrac­ where we meet and several went away tors in the city, we are to meet them for lack of room. The council also has again this week, and we hope for the a move on foot to raise the percapita and best, as something must be reached by ~ut a Business Agent in the field for :\{ay 1st, or there will be a chance for the council which is meeting very little our esteemed friend, Bag Pipe Jimmy THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 88&

Reid, to proceed to our city with his long with the legitimate organization which tail boys to take our places. had authority only as an offspring of the We do not anticipate having any parent body, they at once became not an trouble ill. the Building Trades here this organization but a crowd. and a crowd spring, as about all demands have been that had for its sponcers rebellious mem­ granted except ours, and we will make bers of a real organization. The differ­ the best of ours some way, at least we ence between a crowd and an organiza­ hope to be able to do so. tion, is dicipline and orderly training and Work here is still slack, and from the system on the part of an organization, looks of things will be for some few and the lack of these very things on the weeks, yet although there will be plenty part of the crowd. The original charter of work here this summer, but if any of of No. 66 was burned in a fire some three you guys think of coming this awy, you years ago and the duplicate supplied by had better have your T. C. with you, re­ Reed & :c\furphy and with their signatures member, it had better not have the name attached thereto, though it read the same of Murphy on it either, as the sledding as the original and claimed to charter is hard in this country in the summer Local Union ~o. 66, I. B. E. W. did not time with a Murphy card, as you know really do so. The supreme court of the we only have eleven months snow up state of Ohio has ruled that l\Ic:\'ulty here, but have a good for!'c to shovel it and not Reed is at the head of the I. B. out of the way, so th:l1. is ahout what E. W., and therefore any charter bear­ you· will have to do with a card bear­ ing their signature is of no more value ing the name of Murphy on it. than would be one bearing yours or mine. I will not attempt to burden you with This being true then, there is but one L. a long letter this month, but will try and U. No. 66 in the Brotherhood. write something next month that will in­ Local 716 is pushing right' to the front terest you, so with your kind permission, in every way it can find a chance to; and with best wishes for the future suc­ they have a candidate in the field for the cess of our Brotherhood under the ban­ position of city electrician, and the ner of the Great American Federation of chances of securing him the birth are Labor, I beg to remain. good. Fraternally yours, Nothing succeeds like effort and with Frank Fisher, this motto in mind we are putting fortb Business Agent Local Union 110. every effort. K. J. Whaley, B. A. L. U. NO. 716, HOUSTON, TEX. L. U. NO. 183, LEXINGTON, KY. Editor, Dear Sir and Brother: Not-with standing the fact that there Editor Electrical \Vorker: are several of the shops in this town Just a word to let the Brotherhood against whom we are striking at this know that our local was organized in time, we are in particularly good shape February, according to the rules of the and working full the number of men that I. B. E. 'V. '.Almost every electrical have been here ever since last summer. worker, and helpers to, in our city have The situation for our Brotherhood has already joined the union, and those who materially bettered during the past have not up to the present, I think wil1 month by the pulling away from a com, come around before the charter closes. bination of the two factions in Local No. Everyone seems to be delighted to be 66, of Houston (Linemen), of the mem­ in the union and to know personally his bers of the Brotherhood. A very natural, fellow workmen. The association one but to those not familiar with the case a with another in the air of our union is very important question was raised on great. Concerning the business side of the floor of the Central Trades and Labor our work we can not say very much, for Council and also on the floor of the B. T. we have not been in existence long C. i. e.; how is it that there can be two enough. Although we are having plenty locals, each with the No. 66, and each of to do learning what a local union ought the same branch of the building indus­ to be about an(1 learning the parlimen­ try, or same craft. As a matter of fact tary rules. Our work so far has been d there is not now, nor never was there success and our prospects are fine. but one local No. 66 of the I. B. E. W. 'Ve meet every :\Ionday night. The charter was granted by the I. B. E. Fraternally yours, W., which was affiliated with the A. F. of French Patters OIL L., through whom it was chartered, Dallas, Tex., March 19, 1913. and therefore by whose authority it is­ sued this sub-charter to a local union L. U. NO. 69, DALLAS, TEX. therefore when local No. 66 went with the renegade leaders of the seccession Editor: Will you please see that this and thereby severed their connection letter is printed in The 'Vorker, as it is ,

886 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

lhe 1l.r!;l one· of any importance from He got a charter, urganized a local this Local. with about 34 members, known as No. During the early spring of 1912, the 69, of inside elecrtical workers. Shortly electrical workEjrs' situation in the city after the organization was formed Hamp­ of Dallas was in an exceedingly ton left this city and the real work of chaotic, if not a demoralized condition, building up the organization fell upon an­ due to the fact that the climax in the other man who took up the work in "secession" movement had been reached Dallas. When this man took up the as applied to the inside men in that par­ work the membership of the local had ticular industry; the matters of seces­ fallen back to eleven members, and was sion pertaining to the electrical trade not recognized by the Building Trades are too well known to be rehearsed here. Council and Central Labor Council. sufficient to say that these matters had These members were all working been threshed out in the open courts, on the only two jobs that were and that the original parent organization, being done by out-of-town contractors namely, McNulty, had won a victory from St. Louis, namely, Newberry and over the secessionists, namely, Reid & Corrow Electric Companies). This man Murphy. to whom we now refer proved himself to With this victory fresh in mind and possess common sense, and a sufficient spurring the victors on to better and amount of the prerequisites that goes to greater things, in an effort to place the make up a man. This man labored on bona fide organization within its proper after finding almost impregnable oppo­ sphere, an organizer was dispatched to sition of which a large amount was left this locality to bring about the re-organi­ for him by his predecessor. He zation, and to cement together the wide· never ceased to work for what he ly spread forces for the purpose of meet­ thought was the right thing, and never ing and conquering a situation which knew when he was defeated, and which had been brought about through the above is due, no doubt, to his final victory. At mentioned calamity to the International one time the Reid factions had our Organization. In the Dallas instance it friends, as they call themselves, to or­ was somewhat different and more diffi· ganized labor, namely, Mr. Murphy, Fitz­ gerald, Guy White, the district Of­ cult to !I.<~('ompli"h t.h" ileHired end, per· haps, than elsewhere, owing to the fol· ganizer, and J. Connors, ihe lucal uu::;,­ lowing facts: ness agent of old Local Union No. 69, in Dallas, to oppose him and still he (1) The mixed local of electrical (the man from the east as we call him) workers here were the backbone of the was plugging alone and gained ground Building Trades Council as well as the just the same on them. Central Labor Council, and had accu­ mulated a lot of friends that was willing He met opposition in many forms, to go to the end in the fight for them hath from within his own ranks and from and not to give up. the Central bodies, and for the very good (2) Then the mixed local of electri· reason that the membership of the se· cal works here had quite a little money ceding faction was. largely made up of in their treasury, so they could stan,[ men who bad spent the better part of the pressure better than the newcomers their lives in Dallas, and had become could without anything. entrenched in the confidence and friend· (3) That the mixed local of electri· ship of fellow craftsmen, who immedi­ cal workers, namely, old No. 69, had the ately went to their rescue with a vim contractors behind them to help them in and a determination to see them through their fight. at any cost. The reorganization was finally brought After numerous defeats and setbacks, about through a great deal of strenuous this man with the bull dog tenacity, effort upon the part of some of the pres· would not acknowledge defeat but kept ent members of the Electrical \Vorkers, on inviting the many hardships and whose names wHl appear later in this laughing at failure, until at last his ef­ article. forts were crowned with success, and Immediately after the 31st convention the little membership with which he of the American Federation of Labor, started to climb the hill had swelled from which had declared tbe Collins·McNulty far below twenty to the hundred mark, organization the bona fide and only or· and the electrical workers, as applies to ganization of Electrical "iVirkers, and the inside men, has been placed back in which decision had been upheld by the the fold from whence they came and courts, an organizer by the name of the credit for this work is due (if credit Hampton came to Dallas, or was sent there be) to Brother R. E. ·Wetter, the to Dallas to heal the breach between the present business agent of Local No. 69, factions, and to bring them back to the Inside Electrical Workers of Dallas, natural folds. Texas. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 887

One of the recent occurrences will now fiers of this local elected in December: be stated. Our business agent had man­ PreSident, J. W. Smith; vice-president. aged to straighten out a job that had Wm. Tricker; financial secretary, John been unfair for electrical workers for Lamont; recording-secretary, N. E. Em­ years here in Dallas, and we hall about mons; treasurer, Arthur Woolnough; 10 members working on the job, when on foreman, J. I. Harris; first inspector, F. March 10, then the fighting general of J. Gerchow; second inspector, F. J. the Reid and Murphy combine came in.to Sweek. Respectfully, Dallas (our men were then getting $4.50 N. E. Emmons, R. S. per day for 8 hours of course), when he, the cheap undermining, wage cutting, L. U. NO. 718, PADUCAH, KY. condition breaking, general of all evils, etc., the "red complexioned gentleman, Editor-Brothers, we have just cele­ Mr. Fitzgerald," the hero of the day, brated our first birthday. On March 13. went up with a delegation of four beside 1912, Local Union No. 718 was organized. himself and offered his men from the This organization was chiefly composed Reid and Murphy faction, or seceeders of members of L. U. 177, Reid faction. rather, to go to work for this firm for Many unbecoming predictions were made less wages and 9 hours per day, and he concerning our future career by memo managed to get them to work on the job; bers of the Reid locals, but notwith· but thanks to our business agent, the standing these forecasts we have man· man from the east, or wherever he came aged to keep our heads above water and from, got busy and got the cheap skates to hold a charter, affiliating us with the removed, and we are now back on the job one great universal body, the American previously mentioned. So far, every­ Fecl:lration of Labor, while on the other thing is all right. hand our accusers are down and out in As I was one of the first to come over Paducah. after Brother Wetter came to Dallas, We have only a small body, but all are and after he had converted me, I helped enthusiastic and energetic workers for him as much as I could, and I may state the interests of the Brotherhood, with that he is a untiring worker for us here only one exception. Bro. Jim Loe, work­ and have got us a good deal better con­ ing in the capacity of lineman and light ditions than we had before, and I. may trimmer for the City Light Company, also state that if all men were like him, was reproved for working on the same we would have better conditions through­ job and upholding Raymond Wilson, a out the country. former member of 177, Reid Faction, and Yours fraternally, (strike breaker or scab) for the 1. C. R. H. C. Cooper, Press Secretary R. Co., when failing to present himself Local Union No. 69, Dallas, Tex. at the meeting. Bro. Loe was called by the financial secretary and urged to at­ L. U. NO. 677, GATUM, C. Z. tend the meeting, as charges were to be presented against him, and we wished to The Editor of Electrical Worker, Greet­ have both sides of the case represented ing: in order to deal justly in the case. Just a word from the above local to Whereupon the secretary was told to let say that we are still forging ahead and the union go as far as they liked, and so gaining in membership, not-with standing far as he was concerned he was done we lost some members in starting the with our union. We naturally resolved to "Baby" local of this Brotherhood on the be through with him. Bro. Milton Riley Isthmus. had quite a severe fall from a slippery I said "Baby," but from the latest re­ tin roof but is now convalescent. ports L. U. No. 397 at Paraiso will out­ Bro. To~ Emerson has decided to quit number their "mother" before long, as the telephone business and fry the life of tlley are certainly doing good work and a foreman. Business around Paducah is increasing steadily. very quiet. We, without a doubt, have the right Respectfully and fraternally yours, kind of "union material" in both Local Herbert Cook, Press Sec'y. No. 677 and No. 397, as it is an "open shop" here on the Isthmus, and the men L. U. NO. 175, CHATTANOOGA, TENN. connected with the organizations must be "union men" at heart and not by Editor Electrical Worker: "compulsion. " Having been a good while since you We are rejoicing over the latest de­ heard from our local, we thought it dsion in Cleveland and hope the time is would be a good idea to let the brothers not far distant when we once more have hear from us. We are having quite a. one "Brotherhood'! and secession be for­ number of 'members at our meetings, be­ ever something of the past in our ranks. ing the result of an open meeting held a. The following is the latest list of of- few weeks ago, everyone having had a. 888 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER good time and all of them are taking in­ traveling brothers, and at the same time terest in their weltare. cannot be charged with selfishness. The Work is very good here, as there is fight here has been fierce, but is now a white way being installed on the main drawing down to a few "bushwackers," thoroughfare of our city, also work of enough to keep all hands busy and the decorating the streets for the veterans omcers constantly on the alert. Should reunion to be held in May. any traveling brother happen this way, Our only hard luck of the season was he will be treated square, if he is o. k. that of our able and emcient financial with his card. secretary has left us, having departed for It is with sorrow that I am forced to Atlanta for greener pastures. His suc­ record the death of one of the old guard, cessor, V. Clark, wiII make us a good Bro. Herman Oster, who died on Easter financial secretary, for he has worked in Sunday, March 23, 1913. In the death of a bank and is able to care for the re­ Bro. Oster the I. B. E. ViTo loses an earnest ceipts. and forceful worker for the cause. The WeU, I will close, wishing all locals prosperity. brother has been in the movement for years and always in the front rank. It I beg to remain, yours fraternaUy, is known that any person making them­ E. B. Cunningham, R. S., Local 175, Chattanooga, Tenn. selves conspicuous in anything will make some enemies, but Bro. Oster left but few. His friends being legion, for he ST. LOUIS, MO. was honest and fearless, very pro­ nounced in his expressions, but they No. 1 seems to be on the progressive were honest opinions of his own. He and every member seems to have been was not eratic but easily reasoned with. inoculated with a germ of good will. Hard to convince, but when convinced, Business is not rushing, but union elec­ as firm as a rock. May his reward be trical workers are employed in a num­ great in the unknown hereafter. I un­ ber of places that but a short time ago fortunately have not been very active in would under no condition employ or­ the last three months, but am happy to ganized labor. The fact of men realiz­ say that I have not been forgotten. The ing that a good day's work justifies a kindness extended me by the officers and good day's pay has finally forced it3C1f members of Local Union No. 1 have upon both employer and employe in this driven out of my mind many imaginary district and our line. The business of wrongs that I had no positive proof of. the local UIuon is now carried on in the The spring election for. city officers will meeting hall and at executive board have passed ere this is published, but meetings. Weare also blessed with a ask the entire labor movement to keep business agent that has determination posted on the result, and I am sure they and justice so well imbued in him, that will find a majoritY elected that are he has the confidence of his brothers friends of and members of organized la­ and deserving respect of employers. Geo. bor. I feel that if we had the ladies vot­ B. Heath is a high class mechanic as well ing there would be less corruption in as a well informed person on general politics. The handsome man would not business methods. stand the show of the honest man, nor It takes us old-timers (as we are would party cut any figure. Give them termed) to see the advantage in having their rights. The first thing for us to omcers that appreciate the honor be· think of is to organize them in their stowed on them in being chosen from a several crafts and then assist them to body of as intelligent and honest union advance. Your assistance will only men, as generally comprise a local of hasten their benefits, for they are going the 1. B. E. W., and manifest the same to get better conditions come what may by doing their duty as they see it with in the line of opposition. To all locals, no selfish impulses. I say, tiU the worker with letters. Don't Old fogy ideas may crop up in the stand back. Some of you fellows can minds of persons who have passed the write your best girl beautiful letters. Just meridian of life, but be charitable with figure yourself in love with the Brother­ them, as the time has been so long since hood and that through The Worker you they were boys that they forget. But. address them in their entirety. Come on give them time to examine their con­ with your letters. Don't depend on the science and they will acknowledge that editor to do all the work. He has other they had the same to contend with when duties, but will proof read your matter younger. The spring season has opened and get some good pointers. No man is up more like the starting of an old so stupid but that will say something fashion winter.. Work in open buildings wise. The international officers are a is almost at a standstill, but the brothers busy set of men, and with your letters are happy. Prospects are good for the you can assist them, and when you do, coming season, but we are not inviting YOH are doing the Brotherhood a service. THE ELECTRICAL \VORKER 88~

The work of the Keokuk dam power paratus, and hence not practicable for plan is progressing and we look for serv­ use on dilferent applications. For such ice here very soon. If prices are cut a universal application the electric in­ there will be much more current used dicator is especially adapted. and in consequence will make more The electric speed indicator consists work. Keep after every person in the of a magnetic-generator and a direct electrical line, get them organized and current measuring instrument. The reap your proper recompense. Prepare magneto is attached to a pully or shaft yourself for the convention. Look of the apparatus the speed of which is through your constitution and if you find to be measured, and since the voltage anything to improve on, make it known. of the magneto-generator is proportional I am fraternally, to its speed, the meter which is properly Baldy. calibrated indicates the speed directly at any time. When operating at 1,000 revo­ lutions per minute the magneto gener­ L. U. NO. 141, WHEELING, W. VA. ates 25 volts so that the meter may be calibrated for any unit, as revolutions Editor Electrical Worker: per minute, cycles per second, percentage L. U. No. 141 are still celebrating their fast or slow or feet per minute. good fortune in getting their agreement On account of the ease with which signed up on April the 1st, it looked for these indicators may be adapted to the a time that we would have some trouble, many types of machinery, they find a we had got to the point that the contrac­ wide field of application. The meter tors and our local were just about to may be mounted some little distance make faces at each other, we had ceased from the indicator so that it is possible to have any more conferences together, to place a number of the meters in one when the Harmony Committee stepped in place, making it possible for those in and told us what good fellows we were, charge to note the efficiency of the work and I suppose the contractors was told in the various departments at any time. the same, their dope worked all right In connection with newspaper presses, and we got together again, both sides the application is to note the number of willing to concede to promote Harmony copies being printed at any time or the we think we got the best of the agree­ total number of an edition. ment. We secured a raise of ten cents A comparatively new use of electric per hour a half holiday on Saturday the speed indicator is for determining the right to refuse to work on any job that speed of trains or electric cars. The in­ was pronounced unfair to the Building oicator may be attached to the axle, and, Trades Council, they cut out our appren­ if the meter is adjusted to prevent ,jar, tices, none to be employed for the life this will give excellent results. of the agreement which is two years, but they agreed to retain all the apprentices The ability to have a complete record we had in the local that was two-year of the operation of the machine is made men (as we had none below that in the possible by the use of a graphic meter local we agreed) at the rate of 50 per in connection with the magneto. This cent of the journeyman's wage first sIx use will prove especially beneficial where months, 62% second six months, 75 per­ a test of efficiency of a piece of appara­ cent third year, 87% last six months or tus is desired. For railway trains, sucb third year and continue at that rate a meter is a good indicator as to whether until admitted as a journeyman. or not instructions have been carried out regarding the speed along the line. The Work is rather slow with us at pres­ large number of railroad wrecks that ent, but look for enough work to keep have occurred within recent years due our members busy tms summer. to failure to comply with speed orders Jos. A. Armstrong, has brought the need of such a device Press Secretary. prominently to the notice of railroad of­ ficials. The indicator is small and can be ELECTRIC SPEED INDICATOR. placed anywhere near the machine, the overalI dimensions being only 6x10x10 The oesirability of knowing the speed of vehicles, machinery or shafting at any inches and a variety of meters may be time is something that is now so gen­ used with it. The magneto-generator, erally required in every branch of in­ which is manufactured by the Holtzer­ dustrial work that a variety of instru­ Cabot Electric Company, is especially de­ ments for this purpose have been brought out from time to time. The use, how­ signed for use with meters manufactured ever, of the majority of these indicators by the Westinghouse Electric & Manu­ is limited to a particular class of ap- facturing Company. '890 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

American Federation II . • ... of Labor News ... -I UNION MEN ELECTED. $4 per day. The master tinners have re­ fused to grant the increase or make any Springfield, Ill.-The result of the elec· settlemnt until the men return to work. tion recently held here resulted in the The best of feeling exists between the -election of several trade unionists. R. E. men and their employers and the master Woodmansee, editor of the Illinois tinners have gone to work themselves. Tradesman, was reeleeted a member of The prospects, however, are that a set­ the board of education by a very large tlement will be made in the not distant vote. William Booth of the Bricklayers' future. Union, Gus Fehr of the Cigarmakers' Union and William Kessberger of the Re· WOMEN'S SHORTER HOUR DAY. tail Clerks' Union were elected members -of the board of sU!lervisors. St. Paul.-The eight-hour bill for wom­ en, after being amended, has been passed STEEL MEN WIN. by the House, and is now before the Senate. Under the provisions of the blll Chicago Heights, Ill.-The employes of no female can lawfully be employed in the Inland Steel Company, who have any mercantile establishment, restaurant, been on strike for sometime, and who lunch room, eating-house, or kitchen were organized by the American Federa· more than ten hours in anyone day or tion of Labor, have secured a settlement fifty-eight hours in anyone week. In which includes a concession of all their all manufacturing and mechanical es­ demands and have returned to work. tablishments hours of labor are limited This is the second victory of steel work· to nine per day and fifty-four in each ers organized by the American Federa­ week. Girls employed in telephone and tion of Labor since the campaign began. telegraph establishments cannot be law­ The strike in this place was complete, fully employed longer than eight hours not a single man having been left in the per day and fifty hours in anyone week. mill when the strike took place, and con­ The prOflPects of the bill passing the tinued for four weeks without a single Senate are favorable. strike-breaker having been employed. IRON TRADES WIN. CHICAGO PAINTERS' STRIKE. Oakland, Cal.-The strike of all iron Chicago-Over 5,000 Painters, Paper· trades unions against the United Iron hangers and Decorators are on strike. Workers was of short duration and re­ Three hundred contractors who signed sulted in a complete victory for the the union agreement are not affected and strikers. Five crafts came out to assist 4,000 men are at work. The old seale the striking casting chippers to enforce was 60 cents an hour, and the Painters the union scale of $3 a day, which the demanded a two-year agreement calling company was failing to pay, according for 65 cents per hour for the first ye11.r to its agreement with the union. Finally, and 70 cents per hour for the second the company promised to live up to its year. agreement with the aggrieved chippers and the' men all returned to work. CARPENTERS STRIKE. STICK BY UNION. Newport, R. I.-The Carpenters and Cabinetmakers here have struck for an Trenton, N. J.-Recently the Roebling increase of their daily wage up to $4.40 Company met a committee of the re­ per day. The old scale was $3.75 and the cently organized union, which is now Carpenters refused a compromise offer of on strike and submitted a proposition $4.00. that the company would increase the pay of the strikers 2% cents per hour, and SHEET METAL WORKERS STRIKE. reinstate all who went on strike, provid­ ed the American Federation of Labor San Antonio, Tex.-About 85 per cent charter would be destroyed. At a meet­ of the men working at the Tinners' trade ing held immediately after this propo­ are on strike for a minimum wage of sition was submitted, and attended f)y THE ELECTRIC\L \VORKER 891

,00 strikers, it was unanimou&ly voted TRADE UNIONS SUSTAINED. to accept the increase, but also unani­ mously voted to refuse to destroy the charter of their organization. The mem.­ 'Vashington.-A case involving the bers of this union understand that the rights of trade unionists to refuse to formation of the union was the one fact work with a non-member has just been that had the influence upon the com­ decided by the courts in London. Tne pany to offer an increase, and they pro­ controversy arose when the workmen in pose to keep intact the organization for a cigar factory demanded that a certain toe purpose of maintaining any increase employe join the union, and upon the re­ which may ('ome to them as a result :>f fusal of the employe to comply the em­ this strike. ployer was informed that a strike wouid follow if the employe was longer em­ ployed. The employer stated the cir­ R. R. TELEGRAPHERS. cumstance to the recalcitrant employe, who, again refusing to join the union, St. Louis-During the month of March was discharged. A suit for damages and the Order of Railroad Telergaphers se­ an injunction to restrain the memotlrs eured revised contracts, with improved of the union from inducing the employer rules and increased wages, on the Inter­ to refuse employment to the plaintiff was colonial and Prince Edwarc1 Island, the instituted. The case was tried and the Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Paci­ decision rendered sustained the position fic, the Alabama Great Southern, the taken by the union men that they had a Kingston and Pembroke, the Central New legal right to refuse to work with a non­ England, and the Maine Central. member and urge discharge.

BREWERY WORKERS GET RAISE. EXPRESSMEN STRIKE. Erie, Pa.-The Brewery Workers and Bottlers' "Cnions of this city have just Pittsburg-About 300 members of the secured a raise in wages from $1 to $2 Brotherhood of Railway Expressmen, em­ per week, the aggregate totaling over ployed on the Adams Express "'cars, with­ $300 a week for the men employed. _All in a radius of 175 miles of this city, are breweries in this city employ umon on strike for an increase in wages and men. better working conditions.

THE WAY TO FIGHT. SECURE INCREASE,O WAGES. Erie Pa.-Those who are managing the ir~n molders' contest in this city are San Jose, Cal.-Members of the United to be commended for the manner in which the fight is being conducted. Laborers' Union in the employ of the Some time ago an injunction was issued, 'Ransome-Crummy Street Paving Com­ with the usual restrictive provisions. pany have been granted an increase in. Thirteen of the iron molders were ar­ wages of 25 cents per day and the hours rested for violation of t.he injunction. In­ stead of paying the fines of $25 each, the reduced from nine to eight. This is but iron molders accepted the jail sentence, one instance where the United Laborers and were accompanied by a large escort have secured an increase in pay, and

Foreign Labor News II~l !ill II~I Australisia.-The Slaughtermens' Un­ members demand better payment and ac­ ion, one of the most important in New commodation, payment for overtime, and Zealand, has decided to be struck off the the introduction of three watches at sea, register of trade unions under me etc. Aeeording to official statistic's the Wages Board and Arbitration Act, and production of ("oal since the establish­ they have handed in notices as the em­ ment of the loc'al eight-hour day (1910- plctyers refuse to grant an increase of 1911) rose from 252 to 2fifi tons per worl,­ from 25c to 30c per hundred head ~f er. The regulations of the Typographical beast slaughtered. There are "yellow" AssoC'iation say that eandidates for mem­ organizations of tramwaymen and worR­ bershin must give proof of seven years' el's in manufacturies of agricultural im­ appr{'nticeship. The apprenticE'ship need plements in Melbourne with a total mem­ onlv bE' six years for those who have bership of 689. Of their yearly income att~nded a higher or teehnical school till one-third is fr~ members subscriptions the end of their fifteenth year. and five and two-thirds from contributions of pa­ YE'ars for those who have attended school trons. The Wages Board of New South till the sixteenth year. The Shoemakers' Wales has set the hours of work for all Union last year increased its mE'mbership ship painters at 48c weekly and the mini­ from 32,928 to 41,440 and its funds to mum wage at 63c per week. The scale £150,000. For unemployment support of overtime is 50c addition before mid­ last year £3,300 was expended, for sick­ night, and double pay arter. Piece work ness £ ii,400, and for fines for breaches is forbidden. Organized workers are to of tariff agre~:ments by strikes £80. The be preferred a.nd cc('asional work~rs must ~iidiallu Railway Comnany have reinsta.t­ receive at least 1/7 per hour. In thp. ed the dismissed enginedriver, Richard­ whole of Australia therp are at pre"ent son, and a threatened strike has thus 400/ Wages Boards which decide upon been avoided. This is a great success for wages and working conditions for thpir the trade union. The special conference of respective trades. The Lnion of Teach­ the trade unions and other labour organ­ ers in N. S. W. has demanded the estab­ izations, which dealt with the question lishment of a Wages Board. The min­ of the daily paper of the labour party, ister of education is agreeable. A con­ decided to recommend all trade unions vention of local trade unions in the car­ to levy 1/- yparly per member for three riage building trades decided to found :i years in order to set the paper on a firm union for all Australia. The Painter,,' basis. Up to the prpsent £ 6?,000 has Wages Board in N. S. W. has concluded been invested in the paner the Clr('ulatloll that the working time of 48 hours weekly of which is 211,000. This decision of the may not be exceeded, and that the minI­ conference is a pleaflant nroof of the mum wage of 1/4% (1/6 for signwrit­ growing spirit of combination and inde­ ers) must be adhered to. All piece work pendence among British trade unions. is prohibited. Apprentices receive from The report of the factory inspection 10/ a week in the first half year to 35/ states that last year 1,232 men and wom­ in t.he tenth half year. en were killed at work as against 1,182 Great Britian.-The "Lnion of Miners In in 1911. From severe lead poisoning 587 Northumberland have started an enp-r­ persons became ill, including 66 wom;n getk movement for the abolition of the and ten ('hildren. The number of aCCid­ three-shift system, it being considered ents has increased in spite of recent that the system undermines family life. legislation. This comes about by the fur­ According to reports of the Musicians' ther and further introdu('tion of tne Union the average wage of musicians In "Taylor," or speeding-up system. the last 15 years has risen from 15/- or Norway.-The average daily working 20/- to 33/- weekly. The Amalgamatp-d time in ~orway, with ex('eption of the Musicians' Union has at present 7,UOO shorter Saturday, according to trade union members, there being 2,000 in London. statistics is 10.1-10.9 hours for bakers, Tere, at present, a movement is in pro­ ('oopers, dock and transport workers, gress for the introduction of a minimum millers, tailors, the textile and paper in­ wage of 35/-. In several theatres boy­ dustries; 10 hours for masons, butchers, cotts for this purpose have already been In sawmills, on eonstruetive works, ~n successful. The recently founded Ship,,' breweries, dairies, and quarries; :1-5-9.9 Officers' "Lnion makes good progress. The hours for tinsmiths, building workers, THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 893 beokbinders, in the chemical industry, made by the police every night. For In­ match factories, in gas and electricity stance in the night of March 3 and 4 works, paint shops, cabinet makers, me­ over one hundred house visits were ar­ chanical workshops, drain-pipe layers, ranged which in most cases ended in ar­ goldsmiths, furriers, blacksmiths, in t~e rests. These raids are made in order to leather and shoe industry, tobacco m­ capture members of the strike commit­ dustry, woodworking trades, joiner~ ~nd tee who, it is alleged, are at the head carpenters; nine hours in the prmtmg of the growing strike movement in St. trades. The average working tim.e for Petersburg, and also members of the the first five days of the work IS 9.9 central committee of the Social Demo­ hours for all workers. cratic Party. All the prisons are filled to overflowing and the persons arrested Sweden.-A commission appointed ?y are being lodged at the police stations. the Factory Workers' Union to inqUIre In August of this year the All Russian into the possibility of introducing unem­ Co-operative Congress will take place at ployment support has decided to lay a Rief. The number of women employed proposition before the next general meet­ in Russian factories in the year 1911 ing for the establishment of an unem­ was 638,300, the number of male workers ployment fund. The contribution shall was 1,412,920. The government is en­ amount to 2%d per week (20 ocre), the deavoring, by all imaginable tricks, as daily allowance after a year's member­ ever, to render impossible all workers' ship shall be 1/1% p~r (1 kr~mo). A meetings for the purpose of electing rep­ new organization of walters has Just been resentatives on the boards of the new founded in Stockholm with ~bo~t 150 national insurance scheme. Every at­ members. The previous orgamzatlOn of tempt of the workers to come to an un­ the Stockholm waiters failed after the derstanding between themselves is nip­ general strike of 1909, in consequence of ped in the bud. To all assemblies, gov­ the victimization of the Gotenburg sys­ ernment officials and experts are sent tem. and by their representation make as Denmark.-The proposed lock-out of much as possible out of the act for the 20000 workers in the metal industry and employers. 0';' the ship wharfs has fallen through as an agreement has been arrived at for Germany.-At the end of 1912 the ships' painters and ships' carpenters. Bakers' Union had 220 tariff agreements The settlement means a fair s~ccess f.or by which the wages and working condi­ the workers. The painters receIve an m­ tions are regulated for 20,628 persons in crease of 8 % though the employers. ~ut 7,920 bakeries. For 16,989 persons the forward a reduction. On the propos~tI?n living-in system had already been abo­ of the government official for concIlha­ lished. The average weekly- wage tion who intervened for the settlement amounts to 25/9. According to official of the conflict, the state statistics bureau statistics there were 820,831 foreign shall institute an inquiry the wages workers engaged in Prussia in 1911, as of painters on the English and German against 454,348 in 1905. Of these 204,- wharfs and on the ground of the results 348 came from Russia 357,000 from Aus­ achiev~d if the parties still desire it, a tria-Hungary, 96,000 from Italy, etc. In new tariff revision shall be introduced. the building trade no settlement has been The employers contend that payment on !lrrived at in the tariff negociations the competing wharfs in England and which cover the whole of Germany. The 'Germany is lower. The Danish Employ- employers determinedly oppose all im­ ers' Fnion, to which practically all the portant improvements; they prefer war Danish Employers' Association belong, to peace and appearances suggest they has decided upon the introduction of will take action on April 1. The tariff compulsory strike insurance. The fund movement in the wood industry is prac­ inaugurated for this purpose accordinl!; tically at an end. The signing of the to the conditions of 1912, atnounts to district tariff has already taken place in about £ 100,000. This will be increasp.d most towns. As the employers in rae, by ear-marking ,"wo-thirds of the sub· painters' tariff movement rejected the scriptions to the Employers' Union for award of the arbitration court the or­ the fund. This means a yearly contrib: ganization of the employers proclaimed ution of £ 17,000 for strike insuranee, a lock-out of all roganized workers. But 25 % of wages paid out being allowe

establishing a non-compulsory municipal tions, however, they shall work together unemployment insurance fund in connec­ as heretofore. tion with the Municipal Employment Agency and to submit Buggestions there­ Italy.-A special trade union congress on. On March I, the collective agree­ in Milan decided upon the attitude to be ment for 23,152 members of the Masons' adopted in relation to the revision of Union in twenty-one places terminated. the Accident Insurance Laws. They re­ A renewal of the agreement could not quire particularly the extension of the be arranged as the employers would not compulsory accident insurance to cover move from their first offer of about 6%d all classes of workers, payment of com­ (64 heller) per hour. The town council pensation in instalments, not, as at pres­ of Cracew has ordered that compositors ent, on a lump sum, and all compensa­ shall have chairs or stools at their work tions of all private and separate funds as the continued standing at work is to be replaces by one distinct state fund. often the cause of extended invalidity. The tariff agreement of the Vienna paint­ Belgium.-In Ghent a workers' bank ers and kindred trades ran out on March has been established by the Co-operative 1. As the employers will not open up Societies and trade unions which belong negociations the workers wlll deal with to the Labour party, witJl a capital of individual employer!!. The Central Un­ 1,000,000 francs (about £40,000) of ion of the Co-operative Societies has de­ which 25 % has already been paid In. cided upon the establishment of a train­ The bakers of the Brussels Co-operat'ive ing school for managers. With a small Societies work in three shifts of eight majority the upper house threw out the hours on six days a week. Every three bill passed in the lower house, which weeks a night-shift falls to each worker. would abolish punishment for breaches Each man receives a week's holiday ev­ of contract by employees even though ery year w:ith full wages. The wages the government was in favour of the bill. are: For beginners 4/2- to 5/- daily; As ever the old order will prevail with foremen 10d more. Flannel shirts, one form of justice for the employer and trousers, aprons and sandals are provid­ another for the employee. ed free. They receive 2% % of the net profit and choose their own represent­ Switzerland.-In Brissago, III the Can­ atiVe on the management bC3.rd. After ton of Tessin, the railway men's organ­ a certain period of service they are en­ ization has opened a second holiday titled to superannuation pay of 1/8 to home. In Switzerland there are 13,414 2/- a day, and in case of death the fam­ male and 33,529 female hotel and res­ ily receives about £12 benefit. In Brus­ taurant workers for whom there has not sels lately an International conference of been a modern trade union up till now. the "Christian" provision and foodstuffs For this reason the trades council in workers' union took place, in which, it is Zurich induced the German Union of the said, representatives from Belgium, Hol­ Hotel and restaurant workers to include land, France and Spain took part. It Switzerland in their sphere of organiza­ was decided to fight against night work tion, and to place a district organiser and to form an International "Christian" there. The great fiuctuatio~ of these Federation with the executive in Bel­ workers and other reasons make it ap­ gium. The International committee meet­ pear not advisable to establish a separ­ ing of the miners dealt with the question ate Swiss organization. The Woodwork­ of the regulation of production. It was ers' Union was able in 1912 to procure agreed that this wlll only be possible by a shortening of worktime for 654 per­ sons amounting to 3,668 hours weekly, obtaining simultaneous reduction of and increase of wages of about £225 hours in all countries. In relation to the weekly for 1,915 persons. Their very transference of members from one to an­ carefully prepaid statistics give the aver­ other national organization it was agreed age hourly wage of aU workers as fol­ lows: 1907, 64% centimes; 1908, 71cts; on all sides that transferred members 1909, 72 cts; 1910, 74% cts; 1911, 72 cts; should be treated exactly as home memo 1912, 80% cts. (l00 centimes, about 10d.) bers with the same length of member­ The hourly wage for joiners was in 1907, ship. A proposal to alter the interna­ 64 cts; 1908, 72% cts; 1909, 73 cts; 1910, tional legitimation card in regard to the 75 cts; 1911, 79 cts; 1912, 82 cts. In most towns of Switzerland the local foregoing shall be placed before the next branches of the trade unions are united International Miners' Congress. This with the Social Democratic party in a will take place at Carlsbad, Austria, ill "Workers' Union." The Workers' Union July. The Central Educational Commit­ in Zurich has just decided tbat trade un­ tee of the Party and trade unions has ion and party sections shall establish decided to appoint two permanent tranl­ aeparate central bodies: In general ques- Ing lecturers. THE ELECTRICAL \\TORKER I~ Miscellaneous As the Carpenter' Sees the American Federation of Labor. The executive board of the International has The Seceder offered them exceedingly liberal terms allowing all locals that become affiliated THE ELECTRICAL WORKERS. on or before March 1 of this year re­ instatement free of cost, putting the~ in From The Carpenter, March, 1913. immediate benefit standing without pen­ As will be remembered by the members alty. We are pleased to note that many of our Brotherhood, a number of im· have already come over, seven locals petuous spirits in the International only recently being reinstated. It is for Brotherhood of Electrical Workers a few the best interest of the labor movement years ago, after failing to gain control and for themselves that the others out­ of that organization, decided to secede side the fold should realize the import­ and form a union of their own, with the ance of similar action and should follow same name as the bona fide body and the example of their brothers. with headquarters in the same city, Springfield, Ill. It will also be remem­ AN ERUDITE DECISION., bered that this seceding organization, known as the Reid faction, appeared be­ The cbief justice of the Oklahoma fore the Denver convention of the A. Criminal Court of Appeals, Judge Henry F. of L. in 1908, seeking recognition M. Furman, has just rendered a decision and that that convention refused to rec­ in which the action of the lower court ognize the seceders and seated the dele­ in quashing indictments against promi­ gates representing the regular organiza­ nent citizens who had violated the State tion by an overwhelming vote. Shortly anti-trust laws is reversed. The opinion afterward, the American Federation of of Judge Furman clears the way to prose­ Labor, after a thorough investigation, cute violators of the State anti-trust laws. officially recognized the original Inter­ The Oklahoma anti-trust laws exempt national, whose delegates had been seat­ labor unions from the operation of these· ed at Denver. laws, and, according to the opinion rend­ At the time that the trouble arose, the ered, this . fact does not in,validate the revolting faction tied up by injunction laws. This has been the contention of all of the funds of the union, amounting tbe American Federation of Labor, and it to about $100,000. A little over a year will be recalled that former President ago the case in regard to this matter Taft, in the closing hours of his admin­ came to trial before Judge Phillips, of istration, vetoed the sundry civil bill be. Cleveland, 0., and the regular organiza­ cause it was provided in that measure tion, represented by President McNulty that the money appropriated to prosecute and his colleagues, won a signal victory illegal combinations in restraint of trade over the seceders, their contentions be­ should not be used to harass and prose­ ing sustained on practically every point. cute labor unions. Judge Furman was But Reid and his followers, not satisfied, one of the foremost criminal lawyers ot refused to accept the verdict of the low­ the South, having formerly lived in Texas, er court and carried the case to the also having practiced in Colorado. His court of appeals of the state of Ohio. On reputation as a lawyer and a judge is January 13, this court through Justice of the highest, and, therefore, the opinion Meals, handed down a decision sustain­ just rendered has a significance out of ing in every particular the finding of the ordinary. The opinion follows: Judge Phillips. Tbis decision, as in all "To sustain the contentions of counsel cases of the kind, was based on the or­ for the appellees," said Judge Furman, ganic law of the organization-its con­ "would be in effect to decide that in the stitution. It had been clearly proven in State of Oklahoma trusts and monopolies tbe trial before the lower court that the are practically above and superior to the irregular convention call and the founda­ law and that they may at their pleasure, tion of the dual union were in direct vio­ through their combinations and conspira­ lation of the laws of the Brotherhood. tors, grind the people like grain beneath This fact ought to convince the elec­ the upper and nether stones, take from trical workers outside the regular or­ the mouth of labor the bread which it ganization that it is their duty to re­ has earned, and divert the stream ot turn to the bona fide body, recognized by wealth it has produced by hard and' hon- 896 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER est toil from its rightful channels and binations of capital, otherwise a class of pour it into the undeserved and already citizens who are not afforded this pro­ overflowing coffers of the few. tection are discriminated against, and General Definitions. deprived of that equal protection of the "It would doubtless have been very law which the Constitution of the United gratifying to those persons engaged in States guarantees to every citizen of the such unlawful undertakings if the Legis­ United States. A careful consideration of lature had attempted to give fixed defi­ this matter will show that the contention nitions of trusts and monopolies, for of counsel for appellees is not tenable. then their able attorneys could point out It must be conceded that the Legislature how the same purposes could be accom­ has the right and power to make reason­ plished by a slight variation in the meth­ able classifications with reference to any ods used, and thereby they could do as proper subject of legislation. they wished and escape the penalty of "The assumption of counsel for appel­ the law prescribed for a violation of the lees -is that the rights of capital are fixed definitions. equal to the rights of labor. Good morals "If a fixed definition of a trust and of do not sustain this assumption. While a monopoly had been given, then they labor and capital are both entitled to the would have so shaped their business as protection of the law, it is not true that to place it outsid·e of this fixed definition, the abstract rights of capital are equal and under their favorite doctrine of a to those of labor and that they both strict construction of penal statutes, they stand upon an equal footing before the would have been allowed to defy the law law. But if we concede that the assump­ and rob the people at pleasure. The only ti.on of counsel for appellees is well found­ way in which they can be reached is by eel, and if we arbitrarily and in disregard general definitions and the doctrines of of good morals place capital and labor a liberal construction of penal statutes, upon an absolute equality before the law, and that is just what we have in Okla­ another difficulty confronts them. Capi­ homa, hence the law is going to b~ en­ tal organizes to accomplish its purposes. forced and those gentlemen must either Then, according to their own logic, it abstain from their illegal conduct or suf­ would be a denial of equal rights to labor fer the consequences. We think that the to deny to it the right to organize and uefinitions contained in the statutes arc not, withuut a breach of the peace, to as certain as the nature of the evils at meet the aggressions of capital." which they are aimed will admit. Capital and. Labor. THE SILENT MEMBER. "If all the capital in the world were destroyed, a great injury would thereby You have him in your Local Union. He be inflicted upon the entire human race, is an indispensable adjunct to nearly all but the bright minds, the brave hearts Locals. He couldnt make a speech to and strong arms of labor would in time save his life, but he is always ready and create new capital, and thus the injury willing to pick up the heavy end of the would be ultimately cured. If all of the work. Many times he has jeopardized labor on earth were destroyed capital his job because' he had the nerve to be would lose its value and become abso­ one of a committee to demand the rights lutely worthless. of labor when the brother who could talk "Labor is natural, capital is artificial. well would refuse to serve. Labor was made by God, capital is made \Vhen you are telling some one about by man. Labor is not only blood and the grand speech that some brother made bone, but it also has a mind and a soul at one of your meetings, don't fail to say and is animated by sympathy, hope, and a good word for the silent man; don't love. Capital is inanimate, soulless mat­ characterize him as a stick because he is ter. Labor is the creator, capital is the not all the time telling how this or that creation. should be done. We have known men "A single drop of sweat upon the brow who are excellent talkers who were not of honest labor shines more brightly and worth the powder to blow them up when is more precious in the eyes of God and put up against actual committee work. is of more benefit to the human race than While we must have talkers, we must all the diamonds that ever sparkled in also have the silent members.-Exchange. the crown of any king. If the State dicl not protect the farmers of Oklahoma The Labor movement does not encour­ against such conspirators as these, the age anyone to patronize buffets nor does law would be a miserable, contemptible it ask you to drink beverages of any kind. farce, a snare, a mockerY, a burden, and It merely says if you do patronize them ·a delusion. and do drink beverages see that the bar­ "The contention of counsel for appel­ tender wears the button of the Bartend­ lees is that if the law protects combina­ ers' International Union, and that he tions of labor or of any class of citizens serves union made beverages, cigars and of the State, it must also protect com- tobacco, etc. TH E EI:.ECTRICAL WORKER 8907

Poems Worth Reading

ODE TO THE TOILER. (Joachim B. Z. Rancher.) My heart doth bleed for those woo toll In squalid dens and gather spoil For idle hands that hate to know Another 's need, another's woe. It a ches for those who night and day Are toiling on for scanty pay, Creating wealth with busy hands For drones to spend in foreign lands, While those producing all the wealth In dungeons dark dwell where health And gladness, sunshine, air, Visit not their caves, but brief, despair And cankering care and want of bread Reign supreme in plenty's stead. It breaks and burns with deep desire To sing their. woes in songs of fire Until the toilers ceased to be Ignoble slaves, but joyous, free, As birds that flit from tree to tree.

TH E LI FE'S AI M. The sweetest songs some not from the throats Of those who are known to fame, For over and over the wild bird's notes Will put them all to shame. The tenderest h eart is not the heart That makes the greatest show, But the one that comes In the hour of grief, And helps to bear the blow. The greatest life is never the one That of wondrous acts can boast, But the life that sweets some other life And supplies its need the most. And the life most needed is not the one­ That climbs to the mightier deeds, But the one that h elps another on, The above is a photo of Chas. T. Al­ And gi ves it the love it needs. brecht, member of Local No. 534 of New And so our prayer is not for a share York City, N. Y. B,other Albrecht, who Of the things the world calls great, was employed on North Brothers Tsland But the power to help some brother OD To a higher and happier state. disappeared on March 14, 1913; he wa~ -William Thomas McElroy, Jr. at work as usual on that day. During the day he left his helper saying he was TH E ESSENTIAL. going out and would return in a few What care I for caste or creed? minutes, and from that time up to the It is the deed, it is the deed; present he has been missing. Every pos­ What for class or what for clan?" It is the man, it is the man! s ible means have been resorted to, to lo­ Heirs of love, and JOY, and woe-. cate him, but to no avail. At the time Who is high, and who is low? he disappeared he was dressed in his Mountain, valley, sky and sea working clothes. Are for all humanity. What care I for robe of State? Any information that anyone might It is the soul, it is the soul; What for crown or what for crest? have relative to this member it will be It is the heart within the breast; sincerely appreciated if they will forward Il is the faith, it is the hope, same to G. W. Whitford, Secretary Lo­ It is the struggle up the slope. Il is the brain and eye to see cal No. 534, 50 E. 59th St., New York One God and one humanity. City. -Selected. 898 THE ELECTRIC:\L WORKER Elementary Lessons In Electricity and Magnetism

CHAPTER III. l"u/ta, Professor in the University or CURRENT ELECTRICITY. Pavia, that the electricity arose not from LE880:\' XII I.-Simple Voltaic Cells. the muscle or nerve, but from the con­ tact of the dissimilar metals. When two 147. It has been already mentioned, metals both in contact with the air or in Lesson IV, how electricity flows away other oxidising medium are placed In from a charged body through any con­ contact with one another, the surface of ducting substance, such as a wire or a one becomes positive and of the other wetted string. If, by any arrangement, negative, as stated on p. 67. Though the electricity could be supplied to the body ('harges are very feeble, Volta proved just as fast as it flowed away, a continuous their reality by two different methods. current would be produced. Such a cur­ rent always flows through a conducting 149. Contact Electricity: Proof by wire, if the ends are kept at different the Condensing Electroscope.-The first electric potentials. In like manner, a method of proof devised by Volta in­ current of heat flows through a rod of volved the use of the Condensin.(J Elec­ metal if the ends are kept at different troscope, alluded to in Art. 71. It can temperatures, the flow being always from be used in the following way to show the the high temperature to the lower. It Is be used in the following way to convenient to regard electricity as flow­ show the production of electriflca­ ing from positive to negative; or, in tion. A small bar made of two other words, the direction of an electric dissimilar metals, zinc and copper, sold­ current is from the high potential to the ered togethflr, is held in the hand, and low. It is obvious that such a flow tends one end is touched llgainst the lower to bring both to one level of potential. plate, the upper plate being at the same The "current" has sometimes been re­ time joined to "earth" or touched with garded as a double transfer of positive the hand (Fig. 68). During the contact electricity in one direction, and of nega­ electrical separation has taken place at tive electric'itY in the opposite direction. the point where the dissimilar metals The only evidence to support this very unnecessary supposition is the fact that, in the decomposition of liquids by the current, some of the elements are liberat­ ed at the point where the potential is highest, others at the point where it is lowest. Continuous currents of electricity, such as we have described, are usually produc­ ed by voltaic cells, 'or batteries of such cells, though thflre are other sources of currents hereafter to be mentioned. 148. Discoveries of Galvani and of Volta.-The discovery of electric currents originated with Galvani, a physician 'If Bologna, who, about the year 1786, made a series of curious and important observ­ ations upon the convulsive motions pro­ duced by the "return-shock" (Art. 26) and other electric discharges upon a frog's leg. He was led by this to the discovery that it was not necessary to use an electric machine to produce these effects, but that a similar convulsive kick Fig 68. was produced in the frog's leg when two dissimilar metals, iron and copper, for touched one another, and upon the plates example, were placed in contact with "­ of the condenser the opposite charges nerve and a muscle respectively, and have accumUlated. When the upper plate then brought into contact with each oth­ is lifted off the lower one, the capacity er. Galvani imagined this action to be of the condenser diminishes enormously, due to electricity generated by the frog's and the small quantity of electricity is leg itself. It was, however, proved by now able to raise the potential of the TIlE ELECTRICAL W(>RKER 899

"plates to a higher degree, and the gold couronne (Ie Tasses or Crown of Cups. leaves accordingly expand.1 It consisted of a number of cups, 150. The Voltaic Pile.-The second oOf Volta's proofs was less direct, but even more ("onvincing; and consisted in showing that when a number of such contacts of dissimilar metals could be arrangpd so as to add their electrical effects togethpr, those effects were more powerful in llroportion to the number

of the contaets. With this view he con­ Fie:. 70. strue-ted the allilaratus known (in honour ,of the discoverer) as the Voltaic Pile (Fig. 70), filled either with brine or (Fig. 69). It is made by placing a pair dilute acid, into which dipped a number of discs of zinc and copper in contact of compound strips, half zinc half cop­ with one another, then laying on the per, the zinc portion of one strip dip­ ("opper disc: a pipce of flannel or blotting­ ping into one cup, while the copper por­ paper moistpned with brine, then another tion dipped into the other cup. The dif­ Ilair of discs of zinc and copper, and so ference of potential between the first and on, eaph pair of discs in the pile being last cups is again proportional to the . separated by a moist conductor. Such a number of pairs of metal strips. This pUe. if composed of a number of such arrangement, though badly adapted for }lairs of discs, will produce electricity such a purpose, is powerful enough to 'enough to give quite a perceptible shock, if ring an electric bell, the wires of which are joined to the first zinc and the last copper strip. The electrical action of these combinations is, however, best un­ derstood by studying the phenomena of one single cup or cell. 152. Simple Voltaic Cell.-Place in a glass jar some water having a little sul­ phuric acid or any other oxidising acid added to it (Fig. 71). Place in it separate-

_ Fig. 69. the top and bottom discs, or wires con­ nected with them, be touched simultane­ {lusly with the moist fingers. When a sin­ gle pair of metals are placed in contact, one becomes + ly electrical to a certain small extent, and the other - ly electric­ al, or in other words there is a certain difference of electric potential (see p. 40) between them. But when a number are thus set in series with moist conduc­ t~rs between the s~ccessive pairs, the dlfferencc of potential between the first Fig. ,1. zinc and thc last copper disc is increased ly two clean strips, one of zinc Z, and one in proportion to the number of pairs; of copper C. This cell is capable of sup- for now all the successive small differ­ ·plying a continuous flow of electricity ~mces of potential are added together. through a wire whose ends are brought 151. The Crown of Cups.-Another into eonnection with the two strips. combination devised by Volta was his When the current flows the zinc strip 1s observed to waste away; its consump­ 1 Formerly. this action was accounted for hy tion in fact furnishes the energy requir­ saying that the ell'ctricity which was "bound" ed to drive the current through the cell when the plates of the condenst!f were close to­ gether, becomes "free" when tht· top plate i& and the connecting wire. The cell may lifted up; the above is, however, a more scienti­ therefore be regarded as a sort of chem­ fic. and morc accurate way of saying the same ical furnace in which the fuel is zinc. thmg'. The student who is unable to reconcile these two ways of stating the matter should read Before the strips are connected by a wire again Articles 47, 48, on pp. 53 to 55. no appreciable difference of potential be- 900 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

tween the copper and the zinc will be current flowing through a thin wire will observed by an electrometer; because the heat it; flowing near a magnetic needle electrometer only measures the potential it will cause it to turn; flowing through at a point in the air or oxidising medium water and other liquids it decomposes outside the zinc or the copper, not the them; and, lastly, flowing through the potentials of the metals themselves. The living body or any sensitive portion of it, zinc itself is at about l' 86 volts lower produces certain sensations. These ef­ potential than the surrounding oxidising fects, thermal, magnetic chemical, and media (see Art. 422 bis); while the cop­ physiological, will be considered in spe­ per is at only about . 81 volts lower, hav· cial Lessons. ing a less tendency to become oxidised. There is then a latent difference of po­ 154. Voltaic Battery.-If a number of tential of about l' 05 volts between the such simple cells are united in series, the copper and the zinc; but this produces zinc plate of one joined to the copper no current as long as there Is no metallic plate of the next, and so on, a greater contact. If the strips are made to touch, difference of potentials will be produced or are joined by a pair of metal wires, between the copper "pole" at one end of immediately there is a rush of electricity the series and the zinc "pole" at the oth­ through the metal from the copper to the er end. Hence, when the two poles are zinc, and a small portion of the zinc is joined by a wire there will be a more at the same time dissolved away; the powerful flow of electricity than one cell zinc parting with its latent energy as would cause. Such a combination of its atoms combine with the acid. This Voltaic Cells is called a Voltaic Batter~.l energy is expended in forcing a discharge 155. Electromotive-Force-The term of electricity through the acid to the cop­ ,"electromotive-force" is employed to de­ per strip, and hence through the wire note that which moves or tends to move circuit back to the zinc strip. The cop­ electricity from one place to another.2 per strip, whence the current starts on For brevity we sometimes write it E.M. its journey through the external circuit, F. In this particular case it is obvious­ is called the positive pole, and the zinc ly the result of the difference of potential, strip is called the negative pole. If two and proportional to it. Just as in water­ copper wires are united to the tops of pipes a difJerwnf'p' of let'el produces a the two stdvs, though no current flows pressure, and the pressure produces a so long as the wires are kept separate {tow so soon as the tap is turned on, 10 the wire attached to the zinc will be difference of potential produces electro­ found to be negative, and that attached motive-force, and electromotive-force sets to the copper positive, there being still up a current so soon as a circuit is com­ a tendency for the zinc to oxidise and pleted for the electricity to flow through. drive electricity through the cell from Electromotive-force, therefore, may ofte'l zinc to copper. This state of things is be conveniently expressed as a difference represented in Fig. 71; and this distri­ of potential, and vice versa; but the stu­ bution of potentials led some to consider dent must not forget the distinction. . the junction of the zinc with the copper wire as the starting point of the current. 156. Volta's Laws. - Volta showed But the real starting point is in the cell (Art. 71) that the difference of potential at the surface of the zinc where the between two metals in contact depended chemical action is furnishing energy; for merely on what metals they were, not from this point there are propagated on their size, nor on the amount of sur. through the liquid certain electro-chem­ face in contact. He also showed that ical actions (more fully explained in when a number of metals touch one an­ chap. xi.) which have_ the result of con­ other the difference of potential between stantly renewing the difference of po­ 1 By some wr'iters the name Galvanic Batter) tential and supplying electricity to the is given in honour of Galvani; but the honouT + pole just as fast as that electricity is certainly Volta's_ The electricity that flows thus in currents is sometimes called Voltaic Elec. leaks away through the wire to the - tricity, or Galvanic Electricot)" or sometimei pole. At the same time it will be noticed even Galvanism (I), but, as we shall see. it dif­ that a few bubbles of hydrogen gas ap· fers onlv 'in degree from Frictional or any ot-Aer pear on the surface of the copper plate. Electricity, and both can flow through wires, and magnetise iron, and decompose chemical com­ Both these actions go on as long as the pound. wires are joined to form a complete clr· 2 The beginner must not confu~e "Electromo­ cult. fi'i.'e-/orce/' or that which tends to move electri. city, with Electric Hforce," or that force with 153. Effects produced by Current.­ which electricity tends to move matter. Newton The current itself cannot be seen to flow has virtually defined Hforce," once for all. al through the wire Circuit; hence to prove that which moves or tends to movp. matter. \Vhen matter is moved by a magnet we speak that any particular cell or combination rightly of mag.. etic force .. when electricity move. produces a current requires a knowledge matter we may speak of electric force. But E. of some of the effects which currents can ~f. F. is Quite a different thing, not "force" at all. for it acts not on matter hut on electricity, produce. These are of various kinds. A and tends to move it. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 901 the first and last of the row is the same very long or very thin, the action will be &II if they touched one another directly. partly stopped, and the current will be A quantitative illustration from the re­ weaker, although the E.M.F. may be un­ eearches of Ayrton and Perry was given changed. The analogy of the water-pipes in Art. 72. But the case of a series of will again help us. The pressure which cells is different from that of a mere row forces the water through pipes depends of metals, for, as we have seen, when upon the difference of level between the two metals are immersed in a conduct­ cistern from which the water flows and ing liquid they are thereby equalized, or the tap to which it flows; but the amount nearly equalized, in potential. Hence, if of water that runs through, will depend in the row of cells the zincs and coppers not on the pressure alone, but on the re­ are all arranged in one order, so that all sistance it meets with; for, if the pipe of them set up electromotive-forces in the be a very thin one, or choked with sand same direction, the total electromotive­ or sawdust, the water will only run slow­ force of the series will be equal to the ly through. electromotive-force of one ceZZ multiplied by the number of cells. Now the metals in general conduct well: their resistance is small; but metal 157. Hitherto we have spoken only of wires must not be too thin or too long, zinc and copper as the materials for a or they will resist too much, and permit battery; but batteries may be I?ade of only a feeble current to pass through any two metals. That battery wIll have them. The liquids in the battery do not the greatest electromotive-force, or be the (·onduct nearly so well as the metals, and most "intense," in which those mate~ials different liquids have different resist­ are used which give the greatest dIffer­ ances. Pure water will hardly conduct ence of potentials on contact, or which at all, and is for the feeble electricity of are widest apart on the "contact-series" the voltaic battery almost a perfect in­ given in Art. 72. Zinc and copper are sulator, though for the high-potential very convenient in this respect; aud zinc electridty of the frictional machines it is, and silver would be better but for the as we have seen, a fair conductor. Salt expense. For more powerful batteries '1 and saltpetre dissolved in water are good zinc-platinum or a zinc-carbon combina­ conductors, and so are dilute acids, tion is preferable. though strong sulphuric acid is a bad 158. Resistance.-The same electro­ conductor. The resistance of the liquid motive-force does not, however, always in the cells may be reduced, if desired, produce a current of the same strength. by using larger plates of metal and put­ The strength of the current depends not ting them nearer together. Gases are bad only on the force tending to drive the conductors; hence the bubbles of hydro­ electricity round the circuit, but also on gen gas which are given off at the copper the resistance which it has to encounter plate during the action of the cell, and and overcome in its flow. If. the cells be which stick to the surface of the copper partly choked with sand or sawdust (as is sometimes done in so-called "Sawdust plate! increase the internal resistance of Batteries" to prevent spilling), or, if the the cell by diminishing the effective sur­ wire provided to complete the circuit be face of the plates. 902 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER II Local U DioD Directory 11001

This Directory i. compiled from the quarterl, (b) N",. 20, New York, N. Y.-~feets ~Ion· reports furnished by local secretaries. If your day evemng, 8 p. m., 140 2d Ave. President report is not properly cJassified, it is because no J. G ..Healey, .149 Franconia Ave., Flushing, L: report, or an imperfect one, h.. been furnished. t.; VIce Pres.dent, J. Denyean, 101 E. 125th Local secretaries should promptly report any St., New York City; Financial Secretary, W. G. changes. !hordsen, 868 Fox St., New York City; Record· mg Se.cretary, J' H. Rulon, 260 Varick St., Jer· Locals are composed of branches of the trade, sey Cay, N. .; Treasurer, J. S. Ryder, 687 a. per the following signs: E. 138th St., ew York City.

(a) Mixed. (I) Cable Splicers. (c) No. 22, Omaha, Nebr.-Meets every Wed· (b) Linemen. (g) Switch· board Men nesd:o-y night at Labor Temple, 1312 Douglas St. (c) Inside. (h) Shopmen. Pres.dent, M. Anderson, 2524 S. 9th St., P. O. (d) Trimmers. (i) Fixture Hangers. Box 638; Vice President, J. M. Gibb 524 5 (e) Cranemen. 41st St.; Financial Secretary, C. Dohn: 2226 5: (j) Telephone Operators. 14th St., P. O. Box 638; Recording Secretary Gus Lawson, 137 Cedar St., P. O. Box 638; (c) No. I, St. Louis, Mo.-Meets every Friday Treasurer, J. P. Brown, 2803 Shirley St., P. O. eyening at 2801 Franklin Ave. President. J. M. Box 638. Thompson, 644 Myrtle Ave.; Vice President, Geo. Heath 1I0x 170A, Wellston, Mo.; Financial Sec· (b) No. 23, St. Paul, Minn.-Meets first and retary: W. B. Smith, 4339 ltaska St.; Recording third Monday in Federation Hall, 3rd and Wabash Secretary, Arthur Schading, 3230 Iowa Ave.; Sts. I,'resident, W. n. Tublessy, 45 I W. Central Treasurer, A. H. Loepker, 2608, St. Louis Ave. S~.; V~ce President, A. Flaherty, 236 Norris St.; F.nanc.al Secretary, G. Thomas, 1256 Lincoln' (c) No.5, Pittsburg, Pa.-Meets every Thurs­ Recording Secretary, W. F. Shoennan, 1111 Goff cia, night at Labor Temple. President, J. R. Ave.; Treasurer, N. Conoryea, 116 W. Cook St. W.lliams, 1307 Ivanh.., St.; Vice President, S. D. Young, Labor Temple; Financial Secretary, (b) No. 24, Minneapolis, Minn.-Meets lec· H. McDougall, 178 Ridenour Ave., Crafton, Pa.; ond and fourth Tuesdays of each month at Rich· Recording Secretary, F' C. Young, Labor Tern· mond Hall, 3rd Ave., south, and 5th St. Presi· pIe, Treasurer, W. ~I\. Hillgrove, Labor Temple. dent, Harry Burton, 2933 42d Ave., south; Re· cording Secretary, E. O. Smith, 3029 43rd Ave .• (c) No.6. San Francisco. CaliL-Meets south; Treasurer, A. M. Aune, 4210 32d Ave., Wednesday in Building Trades Temple. 200 south. Guerrero. President, W. H. Urmy. 200 Guer· rero St.; Vice President, R. G. Alexander, 200 No. 26. Washington. D. C.-Financial SecrC!­ Guerrero St.; Financial Secrdary, P. A. Clifford, tary, B. A. O'Leary, 1102 L St., NW. 20g Guerrero St.; Recording Secretary. E. V. McKenzie. 200 Guerrero St.; Treasurer. G. M. (a) No. 34. Peoria, I11.-Meets second and fourth Tuesdays of each month at 123 S. Adams Fislc. 2417 Folsom St. St. President, Geo. M. Akers, 1803 Lincoln ATe.: (c) No.8, Toledo, Ohio--Meets e~ery Monday Vice Presiolent, J. H. Hollir;3Il, 1802 Millman in Swiss Hall on Monroe 51. Pres. dent, C. H. Ave.; Financial Secretary, W. E. Priddy, :US McCullough, 453 Avondale Aye.; Vice President, Rohman Ave.; Recording Secretary, W. H. ·Bums, L. J. Paratschek, 288 Manhattan. Blvd..; Financial 216 N. Jefferson Ave, Flat F.; Treasurer, Benj. Secretary, G. E. Strub, 3118 Cambridge Ave.; Priddy, 507 Bryan St. Recording Secretary, W. H. Welsh, 1419 Cherry St.; Treasurer, J. A. Christ, 905 Bricker Ave. (c) No. 38, Cleveland, Ohio.-Meets Thursday night at 1120 Prospect St. President, W. J. Kav· amlUgh, 2070 W. 59th St. ~ Vice President, Wm. (a) No.9, Chicago, IlL-Meets every Friday 'Varner, 502 Superior Bullding, Superior Ave.; night at 500 S. State St. President, James Financial Secretary. J. Hilteheitel, 700 E. 99th St.; Slattery 2341 W. Monroe St.; Vice President, Recording Secretary, J. W. Hart, 4021 Smith Thomas' Anglin, 2315 Warren Ave.; Financial Ave.; Treasurer, A. Shiland, 10839 Tacoma Aye. Secretary, L. M. Fee, 234 N. Clark St.; Record· ing Secretary, E .. W. Landry, 1339 N. :Ridgeway (c) No. 41, Buffalo, N. Y.-Meets Tuesday Ave.; Treasurer, Jas. Sharp, 2311 W. Madison St. at 270 Broadway St. President, J. J. Morgan, Ch:ulotte Ave.; Vice President, R. L. Alger, 239 (a) No. 12, Pueblo, Colo.-Meets Friday ot Park St.; Financial Secretary, G. C. King, 179 each week at 410V, Santa Fe Ave. President, Waverly St.; Recording Secretary, E. C. Fink, F C. Burford 707 VanBuren St.; Vice President, 19 Josie Place. cias. Griffin,' 512 W. 10th St.; Financial Secre· tary, W. L. Nelson, 1026 E. 7th St.; Recording (d) No. 49, Chicago, III.-Meets first and Secretary, Jack Flattery, 115 W. 8th St.; Treas· third TUe5days of each month at Assembly Hall, urer, J. H. Campbell, 191 Central M"in St. 63 W. Randolph St. President, Wm. F. Trader, 1930 N. 44th Court; Vice President, Daniel F. (c) No. 13, Seattle, Waoh.-Meets M mda,. Cehill, 115 E. Chestnut St.; Financial Secretary, at Carpenters' Hall, 1620 Fourth Ave. Pres.· Wm. M. Hickey, 2225 Seminary Ave.; Conrad dent, G. H. Kettman, Lamed Hotel; Vice Presi· CC'rnell, 3543 N. 64th Court; Treasurer. George dent, Earl Bragdon, 2346 N. 56th St.; Record· B. Fahey, 2137 Jackson Place. ing Secretary, P. D. Gibson, 2409 N. 65th st.; Treasurer, C. G. Johnson, 2018 Ingersoll Place; (a) No. 50. Belleville, I11.-Meets first and B. A., T. E. Lee, 304 Crary Bldg. third Wednesday n~ghts in Byer's Hall, corner No. 17, ~troit, Mich.-President, John Hafner, of Spring and A St. President. A. J. Bertsch· 340 Ferry Ave, E.; "ice President, Chas. E. Mil· Wirer. Gen. Del.. BelleYilIe; Vice President ler, 24 Ferry Ave., W.; Financial Secretary, J. Frank Major. 720 E. 1st St.; Financial Secre: J. Dooley, 927 Piquette An., E.; Recording Sec­ tary, Ed•• Friedrich. 1105 Bristow St.; Record· retary, Harry L. Hunt, 33 JODes Building; Treas­ iDif Secretary, Elmer Stratton, 115 S. Church urer, ]. F. Conway, 378 Dder Place. St.; Treasurer, I. D. Dalton. 217 W. B St. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 903

No. 52, Newark, N. J.-Meets second and (a) No. 80, Norfolk, Va.-Meets every Wed­ fourth Fridays of each month at 85 Market St. nesday night in 1. O. O. F. Han, Church St. President, A. H. Thomas, 43 Portland Place, President, M. B. Holmes. 512 4th Ave.• Ports­ Montclair, N. J.; Vice President, Wm. Burkitt, mouth, Va.; Vice President, F. Howard, 913 W. 401 14th Ave., Irvington, N. J.; Financial Secre· Bo'issevain Ave., Norfolk, Va.; Financial Secre. tary, Edmund Beatty, 304 South 9th St., Newark, tary, T. J. Gates, Box 232, Norfolk, Va.; Record­ N. J.; Recording Secretary, Harry Schnarr, 205 ing Secretary, H. J. Kraemer, 510 4th Ave., N. 3rd St., Newark, N. J.; Treasurer, Fred Rosse· Portsmouth, Va.; Treasurer, R. A. Smith, Armis.. ter, 27 Florence Ave., Irvington, N. J. tead Bridge Road. Norfolk. Va.

(a) No. 56., Erie, Pa.-Meets 2d and 4th ~ri­ No. 82, Pittsfield, Mass.-Meets every Saturday day nights at C. L. U. HaU, 751 State St_ Presi­ afternoon. / dent, Michael Brennan, 157 E. 4th St.; Vice President, James Pusey, 520 E. 10th St.; Financial Secretary, Harry Simpson, 809 E. 5th St.; Re­ (h) No. 85, Schenectady, N. Y.-Meets Fri­ cording Secretary, John Freeman, 327 W. 26th day on 246 State St. President, W. A_ Wei.­ St.; Treasurer, Frank Grenlick, 139 E. 4th St. garver, 130 N. Ferry St.; Vice PreSident, Geo. Rea, 915 State St.; Financial Secretary, A. C. No. 60, San Antonio, Texas-President, F. Crawford, 1014 Stanley St.; Recording Secretary, Kusch, 509 Water St.; Financi,,:1 Secretary, F .. J. John Radley, 112 S. Ferry St.; Treasurer, F. VoUmer 2106 W. Com St., StatIOn A.; Recordmg Schurick, 49 Robinson St. Secreta;y, C. W. Kaiser, 625 W. Salinas St., Sta. A.; Treasurer, W. A. White, 1122 Buena Vista (c) No. 86, Rochester, N. Y.-Meets every St., Sta. A. other Wednesday in Musicians' HalI, 95 E. Main St. President B. Yawman, 60 Adams St.; Vice (a) No. 61, Los Angeles, Cali f.-Meets every President, J. Downs, 365 Jay St.; Financial Secre­ Tue•• ay nillht at Labor Temple, Han 70S, 538 tary, H. WalIs, 15 Frank St.; Recording Secre­ Maple Ave. President, J. R. Jackson, 308 E. tary, M. J. Farrell, 73 Franc'is St:; Treasurer, Edgeware Road, Los Angeles, Calif.; Vice Presi­ B. Pitt, 343 Birr St. dent, T. E. Lackyard, 2710 Winter St., Los Anlleles, Calif; Financial Secretary, L. E. M;ul­ (a) No. 96, Worcester, Mass.-Meets second Iins 406 E. 42th St., Los Angeles; Recordmg and fourth Monday, E. B. 1st and 3d, Piper S~c~etary, J. S. Rief, 1264 W. Vernon Ave., Los Block, 419 Main St. President, M. J. Moriarty, Angeles, Calif.; Treasurer, W. J. Moore, 2715 419 Main St.; Vice President, Paul Haey, 419 Michigan Ave., Los Angeles, Canf. Main St.; Financial Secretary, D. F. Ralph, 419 Main St.; Recording Secretary, T. L. Carney, No. 64, Youngstown, Ohio-Meets first and 419 Main St.; Treasurer, S. A. Strout, 419 Main third Wednesdays in Bushnell HaU, Federal St. St. President, S. R. Scheirer, 230 Hughes St.; Vic" President, W. C. Rosine, 707 Oxford St.; ~inan­ cia I Secretary, L. Highley, R. R. No.1, GIrard, (c) No. 98, Philadelphia, Pa.-Meets Tuesday Ohio' Recording Secretary, C. Morrison, 86 Falls at Lewar's Hall, 9tb St. and Spring Garden. Ave.; Treasurer, H. M. Vetter, 200 W. Myrtle President, James J. C01lins, 5533 Thompson St.; Ave. Vicc President, Geo. Daniels, 1312 Filbert St.; Financial Secretary, John I. Burrows, 2822 Mer­ cer St.; Recording SecretarL Frank A. Rowan, No. 66, Houston, Texas.-Meets every Mo!,­ 3521 Mount Vernon St.; Treasurer, Frank P. day night, 8 p. m., in K. of P. Hal!, 415)1, .Mam Turner, 2345 S. Carlisle SL: Business Agent, St. President, C. A. Boatman; VIce PresIdent, Wm. Nichols. 1312 Filbert St. C. M. MoUer; Financial Secretary, C. V. Sayre; Recording Secretary, M. R. Salter; Treasurer, C. V. Sayre. (c) No. 100, Fresno, Ca1.-Meets Tuesday night at Union Hall. 1139 Eye St. President, T. C. Vickers, 324 Clark St.; Vice President, (b, d, f.) No. 66, Houston, Tex.-Meet~ every Claude Fowler, 1933 J. St.; Financial Secretary, Friday at 8 p. m. in Electrical Workers Hall, Clyde L. Smith, 654 Glenn Ave.; Recording Sec­ 90S)I, Franklin Ave. President, W. M. Hay, 1505 retary, B. M. Greenwood, 1139 Eye St.; Treas­ Preston Ave.; Financial Secretary, A. V. Potter, urer, H. H. Courtright, 659 O. St. 1210 Smith St.; Recording Secretary, Wm. Con­ roy, 1213 Fannin St. (c) No. 102, Paterson, New Jersey.-Meeta (c) No. 68 Denver, Colo.-Meets each Mon­ every Thursday at Labor Lyceum, 359 Van Hou­ day at Room' 40 King Blk., 1627 Lawrence ten St. President, F. H. Hoffer, Scrivens Ave., St. President, C. B. Noxon. 4902 W. 34th Ave.; Totowa Borough, N. J.; Vice President, tA. Haw­ Vice President, J. C. Woleve~, 965 Galapago !?t.; tin, 193 Jasper SL, Paterson, N. J.; Financial Financial Secretary, C. F. Oliver, 258 S. Manon Secretary, A. Bennett, 552 Lexington Ave., Oif­ St., Box 614; Recording Secretary, L. Stone, 1040 ton, N. J.; Recording Secretary, R. Sigler, 115 Novajo St., P. O. Box 614; Treasurer, R. H. Fair St., Paterson, N. J.; Treasurer, W. H. Cross, Homil, 3882 Zanobia St. 162 Lakeview Ave .• CHfton, N. J.

No. 69. Dallas, Tex.-Presid~nt, D. L. Goble, (c) No. 103, Boston, Mass.-Meets Wedne.­ 1003 S. Ervay St.; Vice PresIdent, V. H. Tar­ day evenings.at Wells' Memorial Hall, 987 Wash­ bert. 3903 Gaston Ave.;. Financial Secre~ary, W. ington St.; President, S. J. Murphy, 49 Clarkson B. Winscotte, 3110 SWISS Ave.; Recordmg Sec­ St., Dorchester; Vice Psesident, W. J. Robert., retary, T. J. Mizell, 3811, Coe Ave. Egypt, Mass.; Financial Secretary, F. L. Kelly, 211 M St., South Boston; Recording Secretary, J. T. Kilroe, 97 Hyde Park Ave., Forest Hill; No. 72, Waco, Tex.-Presi.dent, R F. William· Treasurer, T. Gould, 17 Wigglesworth St., Rox­ son 608 Austin St.; FinancIal Secretary, G. A. bury. Le;th, Box 814; Recording Secretary, E. F. Copley, 720 Austin St. (b) No. 104, Boston, Mass.-Meets Wedne.­ day, each week, at 987 Washington St .• Boston, (c) No. 78, Atl,,:nta, Ga.-Mee.ts 'fhursd,,:y in Mass. President, Mich. Birmingham, 2 Dighton Labor Temple, Trimty Ave. PresIdent, .Curtls ~. Place Brighton, Mass.; Vice President, Wm. Me­ Ball, 402 Central Ave., Atlanta, Ga.; VIce ~resl­ Don;Jd 299 Center St., Newton, Mass.; Financial dent, Thos. C. J ohn80n, 112 Stonewall St.; Fman­ Secreta'ry, Howard R. Allen, 725 E. Sixth St., cial Secr~tary, W. M. Earnest, 86 E. Pme St.; South Boston, Mass.; Recording Secretary, Wm. Recording Secretary, Gen. H. McKee, 61 St. Warren 991 Watertown St., Newton, Mass.. Charles Ave.; Treasurer, W. M. Earnest, 86 E. Treasu;er, W. D. Hubbard, 8 Hancock St_, Bos­ Pine SL ton. M3.8s. ~04 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

(b) Sub No. 1().4, Boeton, Mua.-Meets Sec­ (c) No. 134, Chicago, I1I.-Meet. Thul'8day ond .nd fourth Fridays of each month .t Wen.' nipt at 500 S. State St. President. Dan. F. Hemorial Hall, 987 Washington St., Boaton, M-.. Deary, 500 s.. State St.; Vice President. Mar­ President, Annie E. Mollo,., 101 Cowper St., E., shal PlUlisen. 500 S. State St.; Financial Secre­ Boston, M .... ; Vice President, Mary C. Mahone,-, tary, R ..A. Shields. 500 S. State St.; Recording ~ Waite St., Roxbury, Mass. ; Financial Sec­ Secretary, G. O. Johnson, 500 S. State St.; Treu-. retary, Melena A. Godair, 122 Wrenth.n St., urer, A. A. HaiL 500 S. State St. Dorehester. Mas.~; Trea.urer, Annie L. Moria. 12 Roaamore Rd., Jamica Plain, Mass. (a) No. 135, La Crosse, Wis.-Meets first and third Tuesdays of each month at Eaarel HalI, 417 (a) No. lOS, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.­ Jay St. President, Theo. E. Strausa, 52' N. 9th Meets second and fourth Wednesdays of each St.; Vice President, F. J. Bailey. 1116 S. 'th month in Labor Hall, John St. South. President, St.; Financial Secretary, A. G. Buchillan. 1020 Charles O ..ier, 219 Catherine St.• N .• Hamilton, J aclcson St.; Recording Secretary, Aug. Friemark, Viee President, J. Hergan, 310 King St., W., 821 S. 8th St.; Treasurer, H. Milligan, 1229 La Hamilton; Financial Secretary, J. U. M. Mackey, Cro... e St. 110 Catherine St., S., Hamilton; Recording Sec· retary, H. /aclcs, 248 Main St.. E., Hamilton; (c) No. 136, Birmingham, Ala.-Meets Friday Treasurer, .]. Gray, 175 Catherine St., St" over Stag Saloon. 2007~ 3rd Ave. President, Hamilton. W. C. Slaughter, Box 205; Vice President, L. L. Hunt. 1117 John St.; Financial Secretary, A. J. No. 108, Tampa, Fla.-Meets Thursday .f each Taunton, 8341 Underwood Ave., East Lake; Rec­ week in Engineer's Hall, Franklin St. President, ording Secretary, F. C. Powell, Box 205; Treas· 1'. A. Arnold; Vice President, R. E. Andrus, urer, A. H. Hunt. Box 205. Lock Box 610; Financial Secretary, J. L. Evans, Loclc Box 662; Recording Secretary, k. Chanying. No. 140 Schenectady, N. Y.-Meets first and ton, Pen. Til. Co.; Treasurer, F. M. Jolly, Lock third Wednesdays at Electrical Workers' Hall, Box '62. 240 State St. President, John Boldman, 218 Green St.; Vice President, Ceo. Greaton, 17.17 (c) No. 110, St. Paul, Minn.-Meets every Albany St.; Financial Secretary, Grove Armin, Friday at Federation Hall. President, S. W. 213 Nott Terrace; Recording Secretary, Frank Bush, 302 Charles St.; Vice President, S. E. Rabideau. 29 Swan St.; Treasurer, Wm. Camphell, Rau, 202 Pleasant Ave.; Financial Secretary, J as. 348 ~chenectady St. J. Purcell, 298 Charles St.; Recording Secretary, Daye Boustedt, 791 Fanquier St.; Treasurer, Wm. (c) No. 141 Wheeling, W. Va.-Meets Fri· Olsen, 905 Hudson Ave.; Business Agent, Frank day night at' Waldorf Building, M:orket S!. Fisher, office Federation HaJJ. President" S. Gould. 228 29th St.; V,ce Presl' dent, A. L. Sarver, N. Market St.; Financial . (c) No. 116, Ft. Worth, Tex.-Meets every Secretary, Wm. G. Lynn. 103 N. Huron St.; I other Wednesday night at Labor Temple, 306)1, Recording Secretary, L. E. Feldman, 824 Market ThrlJckrnQrtQtl St. Pr~sid~nt. B, C. )littig, l?-.bQr St.; Tr~asurer. G. E. Carle. 16th St. Temple; Vice President, Chas. Shyroe, Labor Temple; Financial Secretary, W. L. Kelsey, La­ (c) No. 142, Boston, Mass.-Meets first and bor Temple; Recording Secretary, R. A. Hunter, third Fridays of each month at 8 p. m. at Dex­ Labor Temple; Treasurer, F. W. Grunewald, La­ ter Hall, 987 Wash'in&ton St. Presi.ent. George bor Temple. F. Backus, 14 Rollins St., Boston, Mass.; Vice President, Joseph Henry Loring, 66 Harber View (a) No. 117, Elgin, IlL-Meets first and third St., Dorcester, Mass.; Financial Se.cretary, Her­ Thursday nights in Trades' Council Hall, 168 bert A. Bean, 28 Mt. Hope St., Ro.hndale, Maa•. ; Chicago St., President, L. B. Corson, 565 Wal· Recording Secretary, Herbert F. Dowell, 39 nut Ave.; Vice President, G. E. Powell, Illinois Wareham St., Medford, Mas •. ; Treasurer, Jobn Park, R. R. No.3; Financial Secretary, W. A. F. Downey, 7 Everett Ave., Somersville. Stevenson, 721 Center St.; Recording Secretary, G. W. Hilton, 252 Oran&,e St.; Treasurer, A. B. Adams. 273 S. Chann'ini' St. (c) No. 146, Decatur, Ill.-Meets every Tu",s· day in Bricklayers' Hall, 141 E. Main St. Presi· dent. J. C. Adams. 523 E. Leat'land St.; Vice (10.) No. 119, Rochester, N. Y.-Meets every President, A. F. Blakeney, 1908 N. Edward St.; other Wednesday at 95 Main St. President. J. Financial Secretary, C. W. Brooks, 820 W. Park­ Rife, 40 Weldon St.; Vice President, D. E. ard St.; Treasurer, H. Alban, 432 E. Main St. Drew, 139 Tremont St.; Financial Secretary. T. Douglas, 41 Council St.; Recording Secretary, F. Cbesterloo, 236 Childs St.; Treasurer, F. Dougla" (a) No. )49, Aurora, IlL-Meets second and -41 Council. fourth Tuesdays at Trades' Assembly Hall on the Island. President, N orhert Berve, 283 Wood· No. 121, Au~sta, Ga.-Recordin&, Secretary, S. lawn Ave.; Vice Pres'ident, C. Townsend, 69 P. Howard, 1734 Hicks St.; Financial Secretary, S. Lincoln Ave.; Financial Secretary, C. P. R. H. Youni'. 1606 Hicks St. Herus, 292 Woodlawn Ave.; Recording Secre. tary, R. J. Gilmore, 470 Main St.; Treasurer, (c) No. 124, Kansas, Mo.-Meets Tuesday Nick Wilmis, 5 IO Claim St. of each week at Labor Temple, 1402 Woodland Ave. President, W. T. McAuley, 1323 E. 9th St.; Financial Sec;atary, J. D. Kelley, 1721 Mont· No. 158, Green Bay, Wis.-Meets second and gaII Ave.; Recordin&, Secrteary, E. B. Peele, fourth Mondays on 214 Pine St. President, Joe 1315 Bales Ave.; Treasurer, R. B. Smith, 4440 l\bnde, 1301 Day St.; Vice President, John Fairmount Ave. MiJler, 209 N. Adams; Financial Secretary, Tom IIeffernan, 217 Pine St.; Recording Secretary, No. 130, New Orleans, La.-Financial Secre· Howard Ladrow, 415 N. Adams St.; Treasurer, tary, H. Muller. 810 Henry Clay Ave. Tom Heffernan. 217 Pine St.

(c) No. 133. Middletown, N. Y.-Meets sec· (c) No. 164, Jersey City, N. J.-Meets Fri· ond Wednesday of each month in Masonic day night at 464 Hoboken Ave. President. E. Building, North St. President, S. E. Lee. 19)1, N. Fraleigh, 27 Vireinia Ave.; Vic", President, Grand ATe.; Vice President, 1. E. Hodge. 1(1 H. F",ihel, 522 Blum St., Union Hill; Fin· Watkins Ave.; Financial Se~retary, R. M. ancial £ecretary, M. Driscoll, 515 Jersey Ave.' Hurt, 24 Knapp St.; Recording Secretary, A. B. Recording Secretary, Geo. Knoop, 151 Hopkin~ Loder, 84 California Ave., Gen. Del.; Treasurer, A,.e.; Treasurer, E. Cook, 7 A Palisade Ave., E. Burhans. 11 Watkins Ave. West Hoboken. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

(a) No. 165, Newport News, Va.-Heets Wed· (c) No. 197, Bloomington,·Ul.-Meets first anct nesday at C. L. U ... Rall. Waahington Ave. third Wednesdays of month in Trades' Assembl,. President, Jame. DeFarge., 124 35th St.• Newport Hall, Main St.. President, W. F. Weiler, 502' S. News, Va.; Vice President, R. Garry, Newport Mason St.; VIce President. Ed E. Emmett S. News, Va.; Financlal Secretary, Ed. C. Ke)\y, R. Summit St.; Financial Secretary, E. A. Hay'en•• F. D. No. I, Box 23, Hampton, Va.; Recording 823 E. J efIerson St.; Recording Secretary Hal Secretary, J. E. Dudley, Hampton, Va.; Treasurel, Webster, 1211 N. Roosevelt St.; Trea'surer.. Ed. C. Kefly, R. F. D. No. I, Box 23, Hampton, Richard Gray, 806 S. Bunn St. Va. No. 168, Kankakee, Ill.-Meets second and (a) . No. 206, J efIerson City, Mo.-Meets first fourth Mondays, at Labor Hall, Court St. Presi· and thIrd Thursdays of each month at Union Hall dent, Frank Schulze, 96 W. Court St.; Vice in County Court House. President, D. A. Daso, President, George Francouer, 110 Myrtle Ave.; Monroe St.; Vice President. J. B. Leslie, Madi· John Bierman, 204 River St.; Recording Secre' son St.; Financial Secretary, C. E. Martin 11& tary, W. Eggleston, 345 Rosewood Ave.; Treas· E. Ashley SI.; Recording Secretary, C. E. M~rtin,. 118 E. Ashley St.; Treasurer, J. W. Case E. urer, Henry Menitz, 170 Fifth Ave. High St.. City Hall Bldg.' , No. 175, Chattanooga, Tenn.-Meets every Fri­ day at Central Labor Union Hall, Sta. A. Box No. 208. Syracuse, N. Y.-Meets every Friday 102. President, E. C. Murdock, 714 High St., night at Labor Hall, 305 S. Warren St. Presid:mt. Ridgedale, Tenn.; Vice President, J. L. Rhiehart, Geo. Enengy, Box 416; Vice President, J. Whit<:; 506 St. Elmo Ave., 51. Elmo, Tenn.; Financial Recording Secretary, A. T. Nicholson, Box 416;: Secretary, V. Clark, Box 102, Sta. A, Chatta· Financial Secretary, G. B. Warner, 104 Purple nooga, Tenn.; Recording Secretary, E. R. CUll­ St.; Treasurer, L. H. Lynn, 228 Cedar St. ningham, 217 Pine St., Chattanooga, Tenn. (c) No. 212, Cincinnati, Ohio.-Meets every No. 177, Jacksonville, Fla.-President. J. R. Wednesday night at 1313 Vine St. President, Boyle, 1807 Highway Ave.; Vice President,!'. John McFadden, 1313 Vine St.; Vice President, S. Kelley, 812 W. Monroe St.; Financial Secre· Harry Richter, 1313 Vine St.; Financial Secre' tary, S. B. Kitchen, 1011 E. Ashley St.; Record· tary, Arthur Liebenrood, 14 Mitchell Place; Rec· ing Secretary, C. P. Ball, 1735 Laura St.; Treas· ording Secretary, Ernst Simonton, 1313 Vine St.; urer, T. G. Wilson, 322 W. Ashley St. Treasurer, AI. Behrman, 1313 Vine St.

No. 183, Lexington, Ky.-President, J. H. (c) No. 226, Topek!, Kan.-Meets first and ' Brock, 217 Clay Ave.; Vice President, Joe Le third Wednesday nights at No. 418, 3d floor, Clere, 256 Loudon Ave.; Financial Secretary, back hall. Kansas Ave. President. A. E. Sut· Wesley Allender, 608 E. High St.; Recording ton, Bethany College; Vice President, J. J. Secretary, E. H. Umstead, 123 Arceme Ave.; Carnahan, 115 Douthitt Ave.; Financial Secre· Treasurer. Frank Sweney. Arceme Ave. tary, R. L. Lewis. 806 Buchanan St.; Record· ing Secretary, Chas. J. Maudsell, 1828 Buchanan (a) No. 184, Galesburg. I!1.-Meets first and St.; Treasurer. J. F. Doane. 314 W. 7th St. third Tuesdays of the month in old Elk's Hall. Main St. President, G. W. Spencer. S. Day (a) No. 233, Colorado Springs. Colo.-Meeta St.; Vice President, Harry Arms, 110 Garfield Thursday at A. O. H. Hall. S. Tejon St. Presi. Ave.; Financial Secretary, Geo. E. Springer. 273 dent, E. R. Allen; Vice President. John Craig· Garfield Ave.; Recording Secretary, Carl McCul· head, 322 E. St. Vrain; Finandal Secretary, D. loch, 68 W. Losey St.; Treasurer, G. W. Gor· J. Elkins, 518 N. Spruce; Recording Secretary, don, 253 E. Ferris. John K. Mullen, Box 654; Treasurer, J. W. Smith. care of ~lks' Club. (c) No. 186, Madison, 'il/is.--Meets .econd m,d fourth Wednesdays of each month in Crescent No. 234, Richmond, Indiana.-Meets Wednell· iBuilding, 27 N. Pinckney St. President, William day at Labor Hall. S. 6th St. President. R. C H. Winter, Jr., 1110 Mound St.; Vice President, Gardner, 211 S. 14th St.: Vice President, Gerald Mahlon Bradford, 11 S. Bassette St.; Financial Lake, 235 S. 4th St.; Financial Secretary, Walter Secretary, Joe Braith, Box 1075, and 432 W. Gor· L. Ellis, 609 N. rf\,. St.; Recording Secretary, W. ham SI.; Recording Secretary, Walter Hornberger, F. Walter., 22 N. 11th St.; Treasurer. Fred F. 535 W. Washington Ave.; Treasurer, Jacob Koel· Ball. 306 Chestnut St. ten, 1201 Mound St. (c) No. 235. Savannah. Ga.-Meet. ev~ (a) No. 187, Oshkosh, Wis.-Meets first and Thursday at Board of Trade Building, Bay and third Tuesdays at Trades and Labor Hall, Main Drayton Sts. President, J. R. Dorgan, 4Z~ St. President, Ray Evanson, 17 Oxford St.; Vice Huntington St., E.; Vice President, A. B. COD­ President, ~miI Prong, 58 Car St.; Financial ner, 352 Montgomery St.; Financial Secretary•. Secretary, Patrick Joy, 56 Wis. Ave.; Recording R. Smallwood, 305 Liberty, E.; Recording Secr~ Secretary, Hugh Grey, 434 Bowen St.; Treasurer, tary, A. E. Wells, 132 Abercorn St.; Treasurer, Frank Meyers. 39 School St. R. Smallwood. 305 Liberty. E.

(a) No. 189. Quincy, Mass.-Meets first Mon· No. 236, Streator, IIl.-Meets on Main St. day in every month at Johnson Building, room President, Walter Brehman, 1103 E. Kent St.; 24, Hancock St. President, Cha.. W. Hanscom Vice President. Ed Blain. 614 N. Wa.son St.; 124 Upland Road, Quincy, Mass:; Vice Presi: Financial Secretal'J', G<:o. Duffner. 514 W. Bridge dent, William VonCollen, Billings Road, Quincy, St.; Recording Secretary, Ed Kelly, 511 S. tlli­ Mass.; Financial Secretary, Frank Lints. 194 nois St.; Treas-ur"r. Geo. Duffn.r. Washington St.; R<:cording Secretary, Theodor. S. Andrews, 153 Whitwell St., Quincy, Mass.; (c) N •. 238, Asheville, N. C.-Meets fint .... Tr~asurer, John E. Lynch, 40 Upland Road, third Tuesday nights of each month at C. L. U. QuIncy, Mass. Hall, Patton Ave. Pre.ident, J. C. Gil.. , 1a Church St., Asheville, N. C.; Vice Pr<:SIdent, C (h) No. 190. Newark, N. J.-Meets first and M. Warren, 12 Church St., Ashttille, N. C, third Thursdays of every month in Grodel Build. Financial Secretary, C. R. Cook, Weat Aeheorllle, ing, 280 Plane St. President, Tom Portch, 62 N. c.; Recording Secretary, W. J. ,Atwell, 12' Hamburg PI.; Vice President, Herman Graf, 322 Church St., Asheville, N. c.; Treasurer, R. E. 14th Ave.; Financial Secretary, F. A. Conery, 122 Mathews, 34 Ashland Ave., Ashoille, N. C. 22d St.. IrVIngton, N. J.; Recording Secretary WI!?' Varley, 261 Clifton Ave.; Treasurer, M. C. No. 240, Newark. N. J.-Financial Secretary. WrIght. 1011 Broad St. Leo Seery, 24 WaII St. , 1

906 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

(a) No. l63 Tttlaa., Olda.-Meets fuW J'ri4aJo at Northside PItre Station. President, J. Neai.. No. 2 Fire Station; Vice President, J; W. 'V... Hort1, 217 S. Xenthua; Financial and CoI'I'ctpoIIId­ iDa' ~ry, W. L Bond, 413 S. CincinnaD An.: Treuurer, ROwena, 219 N. Cheyenne. .

(e) No. 267, Schenectady, N. Y.-Meets first and third Saturdays of each month On 246 State St. President, Ceo. T. Kerr, 111 Fairview Ave.; (j) Sub No. 241, Schenectady, N. Y.-Heeta Vice President. H. A. Stewart, 62 Foster Ave.; fiat and third Thandaya at 10ecttical WeorIoera' Financial Secretary, H. E. De Groat, 717 CraAe Hall, 246 Stalle St. Pr... :ide13t, Daisy Cain, 48 St.; Reoording Secretary, H'. E. Opdycke, 611 GuilderlaDBrooklyn, N. Y.; Treasurer, C. Greene, 40 Financial Secretary, R. J. Lyons, 407 Hulett St., Washington St., New Rochelle, N. y, Schenectady, N. Y.; Recording Secretary, M. T. Northup, 611 South Ave., Schenectady, N. Y.; Treasurer, A. Buchanan, 26 Columbia St" Schene· No, 271, Detroit, Mich.-Meets Monday. 'Presi­ etady, N. Y. dent, Edward Ismond, 597 Lincoln Ave.; Vice President, A. D. Taber, 141 Lincoln Ave.; Fi, nancial Secretary. G. W. Severance. 33 Jon~9 (a) No. 255, Ashland, Wis.-Meets second Bldl/:.; Recording Secretary, Wm. Slattery, 500 Wednesday of every month at Pabst Hall, 2<1 Brainard St.; Treasurer, H. C. Hipple, 23 Adam. St., W. PresMent, W. E. Mitchell, 51Q Prentict Ave., East. Ave., E.; Vice President, Loyd Hinchlof, 613 rentice Ave., E.; Financial Secretary, Paul Hal· (a) No. 277, Kingston, N. Y.-Meets !~cond ba, Jr., 602 Prentice Ave" E,; Recording Sec­ and fourth Thursdays at 10 Grand St. PreSident, retary, S. J. Talaska, R. F. D. No. I; Treasurer, Jas. Morris, 144 Downs St.; Financial .Secretary, Paul Hoba, Jr.. 602 Prentice Ave.. E. . H, H. Buckbee, 10 Grand St.; Recording Secre­ tary, Roswell Coles, 76. Marden Lane; _Treasurer, Asa Budin2'ton, 31 Prince St. (c) No. '257, Lake Charles, La,-Meets second Monday of the month at Central Trades and Labor Council, 708 Ryan St, President, J. W. No. 281, Ottawa, Ont., Can.-Presid"."t, J. ~. Gallion, 1120 Front St,; Vice President, L. E. Conlon, 28 Lyon St., Ottawa, Ont.; Vice PresI­ Stanley, 728 Pugo St.; Financial Secretary, Wm. dent, F. Wright, 26 Morris ~t., Ottawa.. Ont.; C. Horn, Box 357; Treasurer, Wm. C. Horn, Financial Secretary, L. P. Mamon, 119 0 Connor Box 357. St., Ottawa, Ont.; Recording 'Secretary, Henry Prudhomme, No.1 Stott St., qttawa, Ont.; Treas­ urer, John Webber, 24 Launer Ave., East Ot­ (e) No. 259, Beverly, Mass.-Meet. second tawa, Onto and fourth Wednesdays of each month at Atlan­ tic Hall, Cabot St. President, R. W. Porter, 3 Lemon St., Salem; Vice President, John F. Burns, (a) No. 282, Chicago, I11.-Meets second and Jackson St., Beverly; Financial Secretary, Ja •. fourth Monday nights at 4351 S. ~a1ated 5t. A. Robinson, 73 Highland Ave. Salem; Rec­ President, O. H. Lutman, 3118 IndIana A-:e.; ording Secretary, E. M. Dawson, 5 Hardy St., Financial Secretary, Geo. Wolf, 3?37 N. Paulma ~erly; Treasurer, Geo. E. Smith, 14 Bisson St., St . Recording Secretary, W. J. 0 Leary, 5532 S. »eYerly. U;~as St.; Treasurer, Thos. Murray, 7033 E. End Ave. (c) No. 262, Plainfield, N. J.-Meets second and fourth M011days of each month in Building ~ (c) No. 292, Minneapolis, Minn.-Meets sec- CouneiI rooms, 2()4 W. Front. President, A. Wag- ond and fourth Monday each month at 16 S. 5tb ner, 331 E. 5th St.; Vice President, R. Eats, 751 St. President, Chas. A. Anderson, 1614 Wash- Ilidway" Ave.; Financial Secretary" Thomas C. ington Ave., N.; Vice President, J. B. Lein, 310 Harding, 615 John St.; Recording Secretary, J. 7th St., S.; Financial Secretary, W. E. Kenney, King, Jr., 22 Verdone St., North Plainfield, N. J.; Bus'iness Agent, 36 S. 6th St.; Recording Seer.,.. Triasurer, F. B. Pope, 73 Grand1'iew Ave., North tary, R. S. Chase, 4437 1st Ave., S.; Treasurer, Plainfield, N. J. E. C. Quackenbush, 4733 Blaisdel1 Ave. j THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 907

No. 302. Vallejo, Cali f.-Financial Secretary, 25th St.; Vice President, E. G. Hearst, 1530 J Alex. O'Brien. 10 Kentucky St. St.; Financial Secretary, E. N. Fish. 1416 12th St.; 'Recording Secretary, R. H. Hunter, Bismarck (a) No. 303. St. Catharine, Ont.-Meets first Hotel; Treasurer, L. T. Weber, 2724 J St. .and third Mondays in Carpenters' Hall, St. Paul St. President, Albert Lepage, 137 (;lueenston St., '(a) No. 349. Miami. Fla.-First and third ,st. Catherine; Vice President. Robert Jones. 9 Tue.day nights at Central Union Hall. 8th and St. Paul St., Catharine; Financial Secretary, J. Ave D. President, E. W. Quillen, care General -C. Clifford. 64 Weiland Ave., St. Catharine' Re. Delivery; Vice President, Roy Williams. 400 Ave. -cording: Secretary, Clar~nce Walters. 98 W~lIand D; Financial Secretary. W. B. Abell. Box 734; Ave., St. Cathenne; Trea~urer, J. C. Clifford, 64 Recording Secretary, W. M. Frish. care General Welland Ave .• St. Cathanne. . Delivery; Treasurer, W. M. Frish, care General Delivery. No. 305, Ft. Wayne, Ind.-Meets Wedn~sday .at Carpenter Hall. 610 Calhoun St. Pretlic!~nt, No. 354, Salt Lake City, Utah.-Financial Sec· 'Earl G. Finney, 1005 Lincoln Ave.; Vice Prell· tary. E. A. Wilcox. Labor Temple. -det1~, Warren Rogers, 1817 Fairfield Ave.; Fin. anclal Secretary, J. L. Eversole 1313 Ewing I>t.. (a) No. 358, Perth Amboy, N. J.-Meets 8eC· Recording Secretary, W. Been;'an 1826 lIowe1i ond and fourth Fridays of each month in !.Tnion St.; Trea9llrer, Henry Miller, 13Ii Jackson Ave. Hall, 146 Smith St. Pre.ident. Norri. M. Ter· willieer, 50 Jefferson St.; Vice President, J. C. (a) No. 306. Alb'!querque, N. MeJ(.-Mee.ts Jensen, 117 Paterson St.; Rudolph L. Schuck, 558 second and. fourth Fridays at 116~ W. Central Amboy ,Ave.; Recording Secretary. Thos. Toolin, Ave. President, T. O. Drummond, 310 S. Arno 212 Madilon Ave.; Treasurer, John K. l!1omer· St.; Financial Secretary, E. Herrman, 902 S. 4th felt, 50 Hazlewood Ave., Rahway. N. J. St.; Recording Secrrtary, Dan Dry, 308 S. Broad· way; Treasurer, J. Sena, 523 S. First St. (a) No. 361, Tonopah, Ney.-Meets second and fourth Fridays at Musican's Hall, St. Patrick St. No. 318, Knoxville, Tenn.-President, O. L. President, M. M. Buckley, Box 293; Vice Prf'si. Jordan, 910 W. 5th Ave.; Reeordin&, Secretary, dent, G. H. White, Box 1012; Financial Secretar" -Ch ... Vauihan, 2518 Washin&"ton Ave. M. S. Evans, Box 1012; Recording SecretalY, Walter Ross, Box 908; Treasurer, G. H. \Vhite, (i) No. 319, Pittsburg, Penn.-Meets first Box 1012. . and third Thursd.. y nights at 411 Wood St., Pittsburg, Pa. President, Geo. E. Wheeler. No. (b) No. 362, Kankakee, Ill.-Meets Friday 10 Freeland St.; Vice Pre.ident, ·C. C. Freed· night at Bartenders' Hall. 129 W. Court St. man, 411 .Weod 1St.; Financial Secretary, J. F. President, C. E. Suple, 253 First St.; Vice Preii. Manley, 303 Lily Ave.; Recording Secretary, J. dent. A. E. Rice. Hobbie Heights; Financial S~c, J. Siomer, 225 Lothrop St.; Treasurer. J. 1'. retary, L. W. Healy, 328 Myrtle Ave.; R<:cordinl Manley, 303 Lily Ave. Secretary, E. Hancock, 164 Elm Ave.; Trea.urer, L. W. Healy, 328 Myrtle Aye. No. 321, LaSalle, Ill.-At the Post Hall. First St. President. Thos. Heffron; Vice President, (a) No. 369, Louisville, Ky.-Meeta Monday Geo. Green; Financial Secretary, Carl C. Sieber; at 205 S. 5th St. President, G. E. Blakeley, 2106 Recording Secretary. Albert M .Piker, 947 S"v· Wilson St.; Vice President, Geo. Cannon. 540~' enth St.; Trrasurer. R. C. Hughett. S. 3d St.; Financial Secretary, E. L. g,.xter, 2919 Montgomery St.; Recordin~ Secr<:tary, lohn No. 323, Terrell, Tex.-Meets every othel Wolf. 2026 Portland Ave.; TreaSlUrer. Harry Monday night at Carpenters' Hall, Moore Ave. Si&"ffiier. 1733 Frankfort Ave. President, E ..A. Zink, 102 W. Asylum Ave.; Vice President, R. A. Mercer, 701 E. Asylum (a) No. 375. P"terhoro, Ont.-Meets second Ave.; Financial Secretary, Ottis Derrington, 404 and last Friday, oi each month at Labor Hall, . N. Catherine St.; Recording Secretary, S. H. 435~ George St. President, A. Whitney, 389 Barksdale. 714 N. San Jacinto St.; Treasurer, Queen St.; Vice President, A. Guerin, 191 Sim. C. F. Anderson, 204 W. High St. coe St.; Financial Secretary, A. E. Brasseur, 172 Simcoe St.; Treasurer, J. J. Platt, 172 Char· (a) No. 328, Oswego, N. Y.-Meets first and lotte St. third Fridays at Labor Hall, W. 1st St. Prc.i· dent, John S. Joyce, 26 W. 3d St.; Vice Pr~si· No. 377, Lynn,. Mass.-Meets second and dent, E. C. Bough, 40 E. Albany St.; Financial fourth Mondays. 62 Munroe St. President, Secretary, F. W. Gallagher, 79 E. 8th St.; David Duval, 54 Hamilton Ave.; Vice President, Recording Secretary, Fred Manner, 22 Varir.k Frank L. Connell. Swampscot; Financial Secre· 51.; Treasurer. Thos. Houlihan. E. Bridge St. tary. Roderick E. Roberts, 15 Aborn Place; Re· cording Secretary. John B. PitteDass. IS Friend (c) No. 332, San Jose. Cal.-Meets every St. Place; Treasurer. Guy Perkins. 9 HemIng· Thursday evening at Lahor Temple. President, way St.. Sagll" E. Kuehnis. 438 Minor Ave.' Vice Prcsident. R. Steiner, 115 S. 16th St.; Financial Secretary. J. No. Sub·377, Lynn, Mass.-President, Grace S. Penrod. California Electric Co.; Recording McNally, 25 Archer St., Lynn; Vice President, lSecretary. E. II. Stock. 117 \V. William St.; Mary Libbey, 120 S. Common St., Lynn; Finan· Treasurer, G. Raker, T. C. Baker & Son, 3d and cial Secretary, Alice Belineau, 77 Myrtle St., St. Clara Sts. Lynn; Recording Secretary, Mary Sullivan, 23 Bertha St., Lynn; Treasurer, Lizzie Leawood, 48 No. 335, Springfield. Mo ...... President. S. R. J essie St.. Lynn. Alley. 420 W. Chestnut St.; Financial Secretary. G. M. IIldrid",e. 725 Evans St.; Recording Secre· tary. Ralph Cline. 607 W. Scott St.; Treasurer. (i) No. 381, Chicago, Ill.-Meets second and S. K. Jackson. 716 College St. fourth Wednesday of each month at 10 South Clark St. President, Frank Malley, 1655 Millu4 No. 336. Dayton, Ohio.-Meets every Monday Ave.; Vice President, Theo. Bedgood, 1416 N. night in Machinists' Hall. 38 E. 3d 'St. Presi· Avers Ave.; Financial Secretary, Walter F. dent, C. Carey. 1524 E. 2d St.; Financial Secre· Fitz&,erald, 1144 W. 15th St.; Recordin&, Seer.,. tary, H. Tobias. 412 S. Brown St.; Recordinlf tary, C. M. Hall, 1941 Cornelia Ave.; TreaSt1:l'eT, Secretary, A. Wall, 118 Lawnview Ave.; Trea.· Wm. Rombach. 200 N. California Ave. urer, Eugene Pottle. 1409 S. Wayne Ave. (c) No. 384, Muskogee, Okla.-Meets Tuesrla,. (c) No. 340, Sacramento. Cali f.-Meets see· in Scales Building, S. Second St. Pretidcmt. W. ond and fourth Friday night. at Labor Temple, L. McClure, 1205 Dorchester St.; Vice Prosident, 8th and I Sts. Pre.ident. L. M. Clausen. 1421 Clarence Rubsam, 221 W. Okmulgee; Financial 008 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

.Socreta.Q' W. O. Pitchford. Suxety BuUdi.Da;; ]k. O. Tyler,411 W. Hain 51.; Recardinc Secretan-. .... 00Jrdinc ~a.ry, Paul D:e~ (b) No. 390, Hamilton, Ont.-Meet. firat and SW.; Financial Secretary, E. C. Wolfenden, 60) third Frid.a.ys at Trade and Labor Hall, J Dbn St., 10th Ave., SW.; Recording Secretary, C. P. S. President, A. Taunile, 40 Liberty St.; Vke Etaber, R. F. D. No.3. . President, C. W. Finnie; Financial Secretary, A. Bnrd, 131 Fo...,.,t Aye.; Recordinc Secretary, P. (a) No. 426, Portsmouth, N. H.-Meets. soc· Tansley, 50 Catharine St., 5.; Treasurer, Geo. and and feurth Tuesdays of each month at Social­ Hurd. 117 Chariton Ave. Eo !at Hall, 33 Congress St. President, F. C. Hatch, Kittery, Me.; Vice President, N. J. Grow<, Ports­ No. 392, Troy, N. Y.-Financial Secretary, mouth, N. H.; Financial Secretsry, R. C. M.n· Thol. C01\DOrs, 14 High St. ton, Portsmouth, N. H.; Recording Secretary, R. C. Monton, 301 Richards Ave.• Ports.mouth, No. 394{.'Auburn, N. Y.-Financial Secretary, N. H.; Treasurer, Thos. Condon, I Rocktngl:am Thos. H. Mohan, 61 Steel St. St., Portsmouth. N. H. (f) No. 396, BOlton. Mass.-Meets first and (c) No. 427, Springfield, I11.-Meets •.• cond third Wednesdaya at 8 p. m. at 987 Washington and fourth Friday nights, 8 o'clock, 210 S. 5th St. President, A. J. McCarron. 70 Wenham St., St., 3d fioor. President, Lee Long! 523 S. Poreat Heililhts; Vice President. James Ceoper, Spring St.; Vice President, W. M. Chlles, 430 S. Medford; Financial Secretary, JOI. E. Fitzcerald, 7th St.' Financial Secretary, C. A. Meador, 821 S65 Freeport St., Dorchester; Recordinil Secre· S. Gle~wood Ave.; Recording Secretary, F. E. tary, Geo. M. Lorn, 88 W. Canton St.. Boston, Lawrence, P. O. Box 366. Treasurer. F. C. Treasurer, Walter R. Sawyer, 50 Greenwood St., Bishop, 107 W. Monroe St. Dorchester. (g) No. 429, Springfield, Mass.-Meets first (a) No. 397, Paraiso, Canal Zone, Panama.­ and third Mondays of each month at C. L. U. Meets first Saturday and second Monday, 8 p. m., Hall, Sanford St. President, John R. Mc~ally, at Paraiso Lodge Hall and Pedro Migael Lodge'" 75 Avon St.' Vice President, Fred L Beehe, Hall (alternate), President, Jas. E. McHugh, Camp Ground', Liberty St.; Financial Secreta.TY, Para iso, C. Z.; -Vice President, H. W. Jacobsen, Warren E. Clark, 304 Central St.; Re!,ordmg Paraiso, C. Z.; Financial Secretary, Wm. B. Secretary Carl N. Butler, 438 N. Maln St.; O'Donnell, Paraiso, C. Z., Box 98; Recording Treasurer: Rol>ert E. Kearin, 109 Buckingham St. Secretary, H. V. Howard, Paraiso, C. Z.; Treas­ urer, W. M. Phillips, Para iso, C. Z. (a) No. 430, Racine, Wis.-¥e~ts seco~d and fourth Wednesdays in Hall BUlldmg, MalO aud (2.) Nc. 402, Greenwich, Conn.-1'yfeet::; fir::;t 4th Sts. President, George A. Baidwin, 6jO Mead and third Thursdays of each month at 225 Green­ St.; Vice Pr6ident, E.d Schenkenberg, 1239 S'!P' wich Ave. President, Henry Ritch, 14 Sherwooa erior St.; Finllncial Secretary, R. M. Hogbtn, Pl.. Greenwich, Conn.; Financial Secretary, Wil­ 623 Lake Ave.; Recording Secretary, O. F. Rush, liam Peck, 11 Lawrence St., Greenwich, Conn.; 1539 Quincy Ave.; Treasurer, Nels J. Rasmussen, Recording Secretary, Harry Holbeck, 260 Rail· 2823 16th St. road Ave, Greenwich, Conn.; Treasurer, William Peck, 11 Lawrence St., Greenwich, Conn. (a) No. 442 Schenectady, N. Y.-Meets first Monday every 'month in Donahue Building, 246 (a) No, 403, Roanoke Va.-Meets second and State St. President, John Wickham, 129 Prospect fourth Saturday nights at Labor Home, Com· St.' Vice President. C. D. Keaveney, 743 Nutt merce St. President, J. R. Barbour, Third Ave., St.: Financial Secretary, K. Bruiniers, 402 N. E.; Vice President. G. P. Ruddell, 224 4th Su';'mitt Ave.; Recording Secretary, Thea. H. Ave., N, W.; Financial Secretary, E. H. Frank· Roberts, 22 Elder St.; Treasurer, F. C. Moore­ lin, 415 Woodland Ave.,. S. E.; Recording house, R. F. D. No.7, Alplans, N. Y., Box 153. Secretary, F, B. Tucker, 346 Campbell Ave.. S. W.; Treasurer, E. H. Franklin, 415 Woodland Ave., S. E. No. Sub·442, Schenectady, N. Y.-Meet. first Mondav of each month at Electrical Work· (i) No. 404. San Francisco, Calif.-Meets ers' Hall, 246 State St. President, Tessie Wil· second and fourth Mondays in Buildinil Trades' son 755 Nott St.; Vice President, Grace R.,. Hall, Guerrero and 14th Sts. President, C. H. me;ee, 331 Veeder Ave.; Financial Secretary, McConaughy, 145 Jersey St,; Vice President, P. Florence Hotaling, 20 Hamburg St.. Schenec· Burchard, 1625 Polk St.; Financhl Secretary. tady N. Y.; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Lillian H. Zecher. 1908 Essex St.. Berkeley; Record· Selk~, 19 N. College St.; Treasurer, Nellie Black· inil Secretary, J. P. Boyd, 446 14th St.; Treas­ burn, 420 HuJett St. urer, H. Gardiner. 1332 33d Ave.. F_ Oakland. No. 443, Montgomery, Ala.-Meets Wednesday No. 407, Marquette, Mich.-Financial Secretary, at Union Headquarters, N. Court St. President, C. H. Krieg. 443 Bluff 51. C. F. Parrish, 8 Ryan St.; Vice President, S. R. Clunker; Financial Secretary, W. A. Busby, Box No. 410, Calgary, Alta, Can.-Financial Sec­ 331; Recording Secretary, W. E. Bennett, 311 retary, I. Metzger, 723 5th Ave. West. Church St.; Treasur~r, W. A. Busby, Box 331.

(i) No. 419, New York. N. Y.-Meets first (a) No. 444, Carlinville, Ill.-Meets first and and third Fridays at Comerford Hall. 301 8th third Tuesdays of each month at Federation Hal1, Ave. President, J. P. Willetts, 246 York St., Jer· 121 % S. Broad St. President, J. K. Tawey, 211 sey City, N. J.; Vice President, Peter Gilchrist, S. 2d St.; Vice President, W. E. Bowers. 122 E. 330 W. 18th St.; Financial Secretary. J. Ke:lting, N'"lCholas St.; Financial Secretary, A. J. Oller, 234 9th Ave.; Recording Secretary, Jas. Ryan, 319 N. Plum St.; Recording Secretary, W. A. Van 500 W. 32d St.; Treasurer. H. F. Cook. 217 Winkle, 248 N. East St.; Treasurer. A. J. Oller, Willis Ave., Bronx. N. Y. 319 N. Plum St.

(b) No. 423, Waterbury, Conn.-Meets second No. 453, Billings, Mont.-Meets each Wednes· and fourth Tuesday of each month at McCarthy'S day, J07 N. 27th St. President, Chas. Warner, Hall. Grand St. President, H. Pfurr, comer Rox 113; Vice President, Frank Golish, 204 N. Phenix and Abbot Ave.; Vice President, A. Gag· 32d St.; Financial Secretary, E. M. Rouse, 319 non. 377 W. Main St.; Financial Secretary, A. S. 30th. p;: . ,:', J$

THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 909

NO'.4.54, Macon, Ga.-Meets every Monday at retary, J. McCar,hy. 225 18th .st.; Recordinlr Electnclans Hall, 515 Mulberry St. President, J. Secretary, J. W. Daley. 1311 10th St.; Treasurer. S. Abbott; Vice President, F. D. Smyly, 115 Gar­ H. Faber, 1015 33d St. den St.; Financial Secretary, R. Daunenfelser, 517 Mulberry St.; Recording Secretary, J. M. (a) No. SOl, Yonkers, N. Y.-Meets fir.t at"d Baggett, Jr., 669 Mulberry St.; Treasurer, J. H. third Fridays of each month in Wiui.'. Han, N, Holmes, 172 Magnolia St. Broadway St. President. Wm. Panlsw. Cliff SL' Vice President. A. S. Hohe 127 Y.nkera Ave: No. 461, Aurora, Il1.-President, R. J. Gil­ Financial Secretar);" F. F. Crowley, 921 Neppe~: more; Vice Pr~sident, Ed. Bach; Financial Secre­ han Ave.;. R~cordIng Secretary. J. E. Stillman, tary, L. S. Sims; Recording Secretary, J. L. 136 M?rnmgsIde Ave.; Treasurer. C. P. Smith. Ouirin, 508 Ogden Ave.; Treasurer, Norbert J essaJ!llne Av.e. Berve. (i) No. 503, Boston, Mass.-Meets second and fourth Mondays of each month at '87 Washinlr­ No. 462, Waycross, Ga.-Financial Secretary, ton St.. Boston. President, Georie W. Moone,.. 1- H. Palmer, 26 Pendleton St. 84 Elm St.. Charleston; Vice President. George No. 463, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.-Pre.ident, w,. N~re3!u, 3 Colonial Ave., Dorch&6ter. Mass.; E. J. Martin, 106 Agnes St. Vic. President. G. F.manclal Secretary. Frank J. Fell, 771 Somer­ H. Drysdale, 49 St. German St.; Financial Sec­ VIlle' Ave.. Somerville, Mass.; Record'in.: Secre­ tary. George A. Deans, 9 Appleton ,st.. Atlantic retary, G. P. Bobe, 72 Hutchison St.; Recording Mass.; Treasurer, James J. Rarri.:an. 612 Colum: Secretary, A. Bastien, 3 Emmette St.; Treasurer, bus Ave., Boston,' Mass. T. N. Row ling, 2359 Chateant Briand St. Schenectady, N. Y.-;'vIects second and fourth (a) No. 506. Chicago Heights, I1l.-Me~ts sec­ Thursdays of each month at 1. B. E. W. Hall ond and fourth Monday nights at Trades and State 51. President, Fred Schuldt, 1008 Delamount Labor Assembly, Chicago Road. President. \Valter Ave.: Vice President, Geo. W. Weber 6 Princeton Niblock, Vincennes Ave.; Vice President. Sam St.; Financial Secretary, r... F. Weber: 6 Princeton Patterson, E. 23d St.; FinancIal Secretary. Thos. St.; Recording Secretary, John Boyd, 9 Ontario F. Ryan, 48 W. 21st St.. ; Recordini Secretary St.; Treasurer, John Olsen, Oakland Ave, Scotia, Otto. Koehler, Euclid Ave.; Trea911rer, F. E: R. F. D. No.8. MartIn, Centre Ave. (a) No. 470, Haverhill, Mass.-Meets· second (c) No. 526, Santa Cruz, Calif.-Meets first aIct:\ fourth Mondays at present in Federation ant\ third Wednesdays of each month at Painters' Hall, No. 2 Gilman Place. President, Wm. UnIon Hall, 54J1, Pacific Ave. President, H. W. Clark. Santa Cruz, Calif., Box 154' Vice Presi­ Bradley, 72 Merrimack St.; Vice President, F. dent, C. A. Hunt, 118 Rigg St.. 'Santa Cruz L. Avilla, 119 Webster St.; Financial Secretary, CaEf.; Financial Secretary, J. Tondorf, Box 49: R. A. Heath, 43 How St.; Recording Secretary, Recording Secretary, F. L. Fitch, 236 Broadway' A. C. Crowell, 278 Main St.; Treasurer, L. W. Santa Cruz. Calif. • Leavitt, 6 Peabody St. (a) No. 527, Galveston, Texas.-Meets second No. 471, Millinocket, Me.-Financial Secretary, and fourth Fridays at Cooks' and Waiters' Hall. W. J. Boddy, Millinocket. Me. Tremont St. President, Henry Aymes, 2203)!, Church St.; Vice President, Cris Olsen 1527 (a) No. 474, Memphis, Tenn.-Meets Thurs­ Mecanic St.; Financial Secretary; Wm. '!(laus day every week at Italian Hall, S. Second St. 3809 Ave. K.; Recording Secretary. A. A. Loden; President, Tate Dawkins, 682 Cox Axe.; Vice 2205 Ave. K.; Treasurer, A. W. Baker. 2015 President, W. H. Smith, 2053 Union Ave.: Fi­ Ave. O. nancial Secretary, J. C. S. Lowery, 545 Edge­ wood Ave.; Recording Secretary, R. W. Daw­ (a) No. 528, Milwaukee. Wis.-M·e's seC­ kins, 812 Vance Ave.; Treasuref' J. E. S. Low­ ond and fourth Fridays of each month ill Freie ery, 545 Ediewood Ave. Gemeinde Hall, 262 4th St. President. Paul Behne, 668 37th St., Milwaukee; Vice President. No. 476, Saginaw,. Mich.-President, J. E. Wil­ Eugene Colber, 229 Mason; Financial Secretary. lard; Vice President, Harry Cranwell; Financial James Ral(erman. 619 Linus 'it.: Rrcording""r Secretary, F. B. Johnson, Hotel Sckuck, West retary. Arnold Radtke. 845 69th Ave.. West Side, Saginaw, Mich.; Recording Secretary, C. Allis, Wis. H. Willard, 1010 N. Washington Ave.; Treasurer, O. E. Sowaski. (c) No. 534. New York, N. Y.-Meets every Thursday at Labor Temple. 247 E. 84th St, No. 478, Waco, Tex.-Financial Secretary, F. President, Cha.. Reed. 50 E. 59th St.; Vice G. West, Box 1128. President. Jos. Lawler, 50 E. 59th St.; Financial Secretary, W. A. Hogan. 50 E. 59th St.; Record­ No. 479, Beaumont, Tex.-President, E. S. As­ ing Secretary, G. W. Whitford, 50 E. 59th St.; bury; Financial Secretary, C. A. Weber, Box 932. Treasurer. Eugene Roth. 50 E. 59th St. , , (c) No. 481, Indianapolis: Ind.-Meets every (c) No. 536. Schenectady. N. Y:-Meets first Wednesday at 23 Cosma. Castle. Capital and Maryland. President. P. A. Bolan.. Z3 COlIma. and second Saturday nights at 2'46 State St. Castle; Vice President, A. Jacobs. 23 COS1W.as Pres!dent. William Blanchard, 10 Odell St.; Vice Castle; J. L. Campbell. 23 Cosma. Castle; Rec­ P~esId<;nt, A. Breck, 222 Van Vrankini Ave., erding Secretary, E. R. Nessler. 23 Cosmas Cas­ Fmanclal Secretary. T. Rourke, 359 Carrie St_: tle; Treasurer, Thos. Raefling. 23 Cosmas Castle. Schenectady. N. Y.; Recording Secretary J Reichtmyer. R. F. D. No.6, Albany R~ad: No. 485, Rock Island, Ill.-President, A. L. Sche!,ectady, N. Y.; Treasurer. L McIntash ~40 Lorring, 1403 6th Ave.; Vice President. H. C. Carne St. • Auld. 1412 6th Ave.; Financial Secretary, Geo. Kling, 1229 12th St.; Recording Secretary, E. T. . No. 538. Danville, pl.-Meets every Monda~ 'Anderson, 1025 16th Ave.; Trea~urer. E. A. m~ht at 527)!, E. MaIn St. President, Guy N. Martin, 859 17th St. KIttle. 109 S. Buchanan St.; Financial Secretary ~ilber R. Current, 25 Tennessee Ave.; Record: mg Secretary. J- E. Foraqua. 605 N. Collet St. No. 488, Bridgeport, Conn.-Financial Secre­ tary, C. Abucrombie, 168 Hough Ave. (i) No. 541, Minneapolis, Minn.-Meets sec­ ond and fourth Thursdays at Federation, 104 Wa­ (c) No. 494, Milwaukee, 'Vis.-Meets every bash Ave. President, W. D. Cochran, 2642 1st Thursday night in Jung's Hall, 3d and Sherman Ave, 5.; Vi~e P~esident, C. H. Finley, 129 4th St.. President, W. T. Gute, 1072 6th St.: Vice St., S.-E.; Fmanclal Secretary, H. E. Gable, 3317 President, W .• Wilke, 715 41st St.; Financial Sec- Nicollet Ave.; Record'ng Secretary. J. A. 910 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

MeyreUes, 314 E. 14th St.; Treasurer, A. S. (b) No. 6104, San Rafael, Calif.-Meet.t lint: NelllOn, 819 23d Ave. S. TuesllaY",in the month at Building Trades' RaIl. B. St. r~ident, W. M. Meagor, Rosa Valley~ No. 560, Pasadena, Calif.~Financial Secretary, VICe. PresIdent, H. R. Eklund, San Rafael;' Fl.­ C. M. Burnham. 487 Cypress Ave. na.nclal. Secretary, H. E. Smith, 233 D 51" RecordinC Secretary, H. E. Jorgensen, 239 D St.' No. 562. Kenosha, Wia.-Financial Secretary, Treasurer H. E. Smith. 233 D St. • J. Schi~ra, 610 Park St. (c) .No. 617, San Mateo, Calif.-Mcets lim (f) No. 565, Sche';ectady, N. Y.-){ee'>$ ..,.,. ond Monday of each month in Donahue Building, and thIrd Tuesday nichts of each month at B ' ~. c:- !Jail, B. St. President, .A. S. Moore; Vk; State St. President, J oeeph GroN, 220 6th .....co.; res,dent, C. Bradford' Financi~l Secretary, Vice President, Chu. Tabor, 704 Stanley St..i. rin­ Harry Magee, 134 N. C. St.; Recordlnc Secretary anclal Secretary, Cbas. Van NetteD, 811 lJ1Iane Ch2!: Morr'!aon, 116 Griffith Ave.; Treasurer' Aye.; Recording Secr<:tary, E. H. Lester. 219 Cha.. Morrison. ' Broadway; Trea.lurer, W. P. Mooney, 5 3d St. (j No. Sub. 565., Schenectady, N. Y.-Meets No. 620, Sheboygan, Wis.-Pres1dent F. enry second Monday at 246 State St., Selie­ V: C?oper; Vice President, Aug. Acker; FlDanctal Secre~ary, Geo. Fairweather, 1519 N. neetady. President, Mae. Smith, 917 Lincoln 3d St.; RecordIng See'retary, Tom McDo ...ld. AT'e. Schenectady; Vice President. Jo""phine Weldon, 35 Villa Road, Schenectady; FinanC'ial Secretary, Alice M. Wricht, 717 Vale St., &:he­ Cc) ~o. 625, Halifax, N. 5., Canada.-Meet,o nectady; Treasurer, W. P. Mooney, No. 5 3d every thIrd Wednesday of eAch month at No. 71 St.. Schenectady. AgrICOla St. .President, W. F. Spruin, 108 Ed­ ward St.; V,ce ~resident, J. Meagher, 146 No. 579, Globe, Ariz.-Financial Secretary, C. A~ St_; F"mancial Secretary, F. D. Pierce, 4 Phipps, Box 1191. Holhs St.; Secretary· Treasurer, H. C. Low Z Pleasant Ave. ' (a) No. 581, Morristown, N. J.-Meets first and third Mondays at Painters' Hall, Park Place. No. 631, New Burgh, N. Y.-Meets lir.t Fri­ President, Childes Cronsbey, Hanover Ave.; Mor­ day of each month at Central Labor Hall Sec­ rio Plain., N. J.; Vice President, Harry Anson, ond and Water Sts.. President, Charles Olson, Western Ave.; Financial Secretary, John H. Wat­ 270 N .. Water St.; VIce President, Roy Wester­ .on, Glenbrook Place, Morris Plains, N. J.; Rec· velt, CIty Terrace. New Burgh, N. Y.; Financial ording Secretary, Clarence Smith, 3 Speedwell Secrdary, Edward F. McDonald. 59 W'illiam Pl""e; Treasurer, H. Watson, Mort'ia Plains, St., New Burgh, N. Y.; Recording Secretary, N. J. Lenard Herrman, 312 Broadway, New Burgh, N. Y.; Treaourer, Edward F. McDonald 59 William No. 583, El Paso, Tex.-Meets Tuesdays at St., New Burgh, N. Y. ' Eagles' Hall. President, G. W. Cook, P. O. Box nos, R! Paso, Tex.; Vice President, Ray No. 6391 Pt. Arthur, Tex.-President }.. J. !Donaughe, P. O. Box 1105, El Paso, Tex.; Fi­ l!rown; ViCe PreSident, :r:. H. HOffman:' !lifiii.:D.­ nancial Secretary, R. J. Harrison, 905 Olive St., Clal Secretary, R. McDamel, B01< 73; Recordin. EI Paso, Tex.; Recording Secretary, W. Davis, t~":i~\~ry, G. T. Dunaway; Treasurer, R. Me- P. O. Box 1105. El Paso, Tex. (a) No. 588, Lowell, Mass.-Meets first and Ca) No. 643, Springfield, MaSs.-Meets second third Fridays of the month at Carpenters' Hall, and fourth Mondays at C. L. U. Han Sanford and near Merrimac St. President, Chester McDon­ Market Sts. President, John J. 'Risley, 610 old, 294 High St.; Vice President, Jam"" Myolt, Armory St., Sprin~eld, Mass; Yice President, 74 Ludlam St.; Financial Secretary, Hector F~ed ~efft, 168 Wllhams St., Spnngfield, Mass.; Parthanias, 91 Aiken !St.; Recording Secretary, FInanc,al Secreta~y, Edwin D. Bradley, 143 Wil­ Fred Roby, 59 Ware St.; Treasurer, Henry braham Ave., SprIngfield, Mass.; Recording Secre­ Quimby, 52 Willow St. .tary, A. S. Gustafson, 647 Main St., Springfield, Mass.; Treasurer, Arthur Stroebele, 67 Lebanon St., Springfield, Mass. . Cj) No. Sub. Local 1-588, Lowell, Masi.-Meets Tuesday or Thursday, at 32 Middle St. Preei­ Cj) Sub No. 643, Springfield, Mass.-Meet. dent, Louise Loupret, 80 Royal St.; V'ice Presi­ second and fourth Tuesdays at C. L. U. Hall, 19 dent, Mary Jewett, lOW. 5th St.; Financial Lanford St. President, Anastasia Viederman 487 Secretary, Helen Moran, 37 Smith St.; Re· New Bridge St., W.; Vice President Grace 'hnk­ cording Secretary, Alice Donnelly, 103 Andover hal!', 47 Lowell St'i Financial Sec~etary, (irace St.; Treasurer, Ruth Flint, 63 Woodward Ave. Da,ley, 333 Eastern Ave.; Treasurer, Helen Burke, 21 Everette St. Cc) No. 591, Stockton, Cali f.-Meets Monrlay at Labor Temple, 28 N. Hunter St. President, No. 644, Schenectady, N. Y.-Meets second C. S. Estrada, 210 E. Clay; Vice President, W. and four!h Fridays at I. B. E. W. Hall. State H. Day, 335 E. Washington; Financial Secretary, St.. Pre&1dent, E. J. Ander~n, 127 James St., W. R. Gregory, 1017 S. Sutter; Recording S~cre­ Scoba, Schenectady Co.; V,ce Presi~nt Wm. tary, J. F.· Ulrich, 126 S. Pilgrim; Treaour~r, W. Alligeir, 29Y. Moyston St.; Financial S~r~tary, R. Gregory, 1017 S. Sutter. George M. Simpson, Jay St. and 5acandago Road Scotia, Schenectady Co.; Recording Secretary, E.' Ci) No. 592, Kansas City, Mo.-Meets every A. Jandro, 503 Craig St.; Treasurer, Cha.. ,Thursday at Labor Temple, 1402 Woodland St. Bachem. 550 S. Center St. President, O. D. Buell, 3410 E. 14th St.; Finan­ cial Secretary, R. R. Deer, 3936 Woodland Ave.; No. 645, Schenectady, N. Y.-President, J. F. Recording Secretary, August J. Pfetzing, Labor Lenahan, 403 Paige St.; Vice President. George Tempi:; 1402 Woodland Ave.; Treasurer, Hugh Stone; Financial Secretary, Wallace Riley, 62b S. O'Neill. 2538 Summit St. Chapel St.; Recording Secretary, T. Welch 332 Germarua Ave.; Treasurer, M. Snow. . (c) No. 595, Oakland, Calif.-Meets Wednes­ day on 3 14th St. President, M. T. Creps, 3142 No. 648, Hamilton, Ohio.-Meets second and Hivh St.; Vice President, L. R. Miller, 2875 Val­ fourth Tuesdays in Painters' Hall. President, lecito St.; Financial Secretary, Frank Lee, 925 A. D. Howard, 911 Sycamore St.; Vice Presi­ 75th Ave.; Recording Secretary, W. J. Parr, 3416 dent, Celdon Symmes, R. F. D. No.4; Finan­ Davis St., Fruitvale, Calif.; Treasurer, A_ L. eial Secretary, Frank Venable, 921 N. 3d St.; Schaffer, 152 Shafter Ave., Oakland, Caltf.; Busi­ Recording Secretary. C. Schafer. 118 S. 3d St.; nen Agent, R. P. Gale, 311 14th St. Treasurer, Roy Schroder. 547 Central Ave.

t THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 911

(c) No. 658, Little ftock, Ark.-Meets first (a) No. 682, New York, N. Y.-Meets second and third Tuesdays in Kirst Hall, 910~ Main St. and fourth Fridays at Schuetzen Hall. 12th St. President, Joe Drees. care Ark Elec. Co.; Vice and Market Place. President, J. S. Mone, 233. Preside,.t, E. L. Ketzscher. care Treadway Elec. 7th Ave., New York City; Vice President, George Co.; Financial Secretary, F. R. Sibert, 3212 W. Hanusler, 825 Prospect St., Richmond Hill. L. ·11th St.; Recording Secretary, K. D. Vance, 139 I., N. Y.; Financial Secretary, W. P. Keeler, Riverside Ave.; Treasurer, J. C. Dice, 3820 Comp' 300 W. 179th St., New York City; RecordinJl ton Ave. Secretary, B. M. Thompson, 1349 E. 37th St., Brooklyn; Treasurer, William P. Keeler. 500 W. (e) No. 659, Dunkirk, N. Y.-Meets first and 179th St., City. third Sunday at 3 p. m., in Heyl Block, Central Jl.Ve. President, A. G. Johnson, 311 Leopard St., (a) No. 685, Roslyn, Wash.-Meets Wednes­ city; Vice President, Emmet Lavonducki, 76 day. nights at N. W,. 1. Building. Penn. Avt:. Fetaoin 1St., city; Financial Secretary. F. T. PreSIdent, James Manville. Cle Elum. Wash.; Karrow, 659 W. Doughty St.; Recording Secre· President, Wm. Crooks, Cle Elum, Wash.; Finan.' tary, Chas. Costantino, 56 E. Fifth St., city; cial Secretary, Percy Wright, Box 249; Record­ Treasurer, Wm. ';Adamzah, 91 Lake St.. city. ing Secretary, James Reese, Roslyn, Wash. ;. Treasurer, J. A. Cailier, Roslyn. Wash. No. 664. Brooklyn. N. Y.-PreSident, Jas. Ver· don, 287 Bridge St.; Vice President. Wm. Brun., (c) No. 692, Oklahoma City, Okla.-Meets 408 Cortelyou Road; Financial Secretary, R. H. every Thursday night at State National Bank Lavender, 165 Concord St.; Recording Secretary, Building. President, F. R. Pope, 423 W. 8th Jno. W. Skelton, 89 Waverly Ave.; Treasurer, St.; Vice President, J. E. Moore, 617 5 Walker; 'E. E. Pinckney. 297 E. 7th St. Financial Secretary, F. E. Voorhies, Room 222, State National Bank Bldg.; Recording Secretary, (e) No. 666, Richmond, Va.-Meets every oth· J. M. Becker. 532 W. 3d St.; Treasurer. R. De er Wednesday at Spark's Hall. Broad St. Presi­ Shaffon. 331 W. Frisco St. dent, W. W. Ingalls, 419 N. 32 St.; Vice Presi­ dent, W. P. Neblett. 210 E. 12th St.; Financial No. 694,Youngstown, Oh'io.-Meet. first and Secretary, W. R. Wright, 801 N. Ave., Brookland third Tuesdays nights of each month' at Atty'. Park; Recording Secretary, W. B. Roberts, 400 Hall, N. Phelp St. President, W·. R. Pounders, W. M~in St.; Treasurer, L. R. Warinner, 723 Hubbard, Ohio; Vice President, C. J. Knittle, 330 N'. %6th St. Ayers St.; Financial Secretary, F. Korth, 115 Berlin St.; Recording Secretary, J. B. Warhis, 280 No. 667. Pittston, Pa.-Meets first and third E. Federal St.; Treasurer, W. W. Bryn, 72 Monday in' Saint Alyous Hall on Main St. Montgomery Ave. President, Frank Miller, 89 Sarle St.; Financial Secretary, Edward G. Ruane, 25 Tedrick Road; (c) No. 695, St. Joseph, Mo.-Meets Tuesday Recording Secretary, James C. Brady, Port Grit· night at K. P. Hall. 7th and Edmol\d. Presi­ lith, Pa.; Treasurer, Patrick Hurley, Pine St. dent, H. A. Bain, 1606 Pacific: Vice President, Earle G. Long, 1633~ Frederick Ave.; Financial Secretary, Wm. Wagner, 2107 Penn St.; Record­ (a) No. 668, LaFayette, Ind.-Meet. first and ing Secretary, A. L. Utz, 712 Locust St.; Treas­ third Mondays at Labor Temple, 5th and Colm!!· urer W. Valentine, 1334 S. 15th St. mia Sts. President, Wm. C. Randolph, 411 Brown St.; Vice President, A. Cahill, 1112 Kossuth St.; (c) No. 696, Alhany, N. Y.-Meets second Financial Secretary, J. H. Glenn, 1107 N. 9th and fourth Tuesdays in Beaver Block, S. Pearl St.; Recording Secretary, 1. Williams,. 1010 N. St. President, P. H. Mohr, 6 Ditson Place; 7th St.; Treasurer, J. H. Glenn, 1107 N. 9th Vice President, J. H. Marsh. 321 Washington St. Ave.; Financial Secretary, J. J. Dowling, 70 Bradford St.; Recording Secretary, T. J. Luddy, (c) No. 675, Elizabeth, N. J.-Meets first and Cohoes, N. Y.; Treasurer, C. A. Miller, 1 Co­ third Tuesdays at Bucher's Hall. 462 E. Jersey lumbia Place. St. President, Leo Brown, 855 Cross St.; Vice ~resident, Edward J. Johnson, 1139 Washington (c) No. 697, Gary, Ind.-Meets first and St.; Financial Secretary, Daniel A. Clair. 525 third Thursdays at Eagle's Hall, Gary, Ind.; meets Franklin St.; Recording, Arthur Cannon, 541 second and fourth Thursdays at Long's Hall, Elizabeth Ave.; Treasurer, Frederick Colton. 329 Hammond, Ind. President, C. A. M'cGraner, P. Elizabeth Ave. O. Box 347, Gary, Ind.; Vice President, R. F. Abbott, 48 Sibley St., Hammond, Ind.; Financial (a) No. 677, Gatun, C. Z., R. de Panama.­ Secretary, R. O. Stiles, P. O. Box 347. Gary, Meets second Sunday, 3 p. m.; fourth Wednes­ Ind.; Record'ing Secretary, Thos. Beggs, 483 day, 8 p. m, 'in 1. C. C. Lodge Hall, Gatun. State St., Hammond, Ind.; Treasurer J. W. President, Wm. S. Mitchell, Box 8; Vice Presi­ Wagner, 685 Washington St., Gary, Ind. dent, J. W. Smith, Box 8; Financial Secretary, John Lamont, Box 36; Recording Secretary, ("bas. (a) No. 699, Gloucester, Mass.-Meets 'irst and J. MacNelley, Box 8; Treasurer, Arthur Wool­ third Tuesdays at Teamsters' Hall, Main St. nough. President, Warren S. Mitchell, School St., Engine Co.; Vice President, Rodrick P. Frazer, 32 Bass (i) ·No. 679, Philadelphia, Pa.-Meets every Ave.; Financial Secretarr, Eugene R. Lord, 381 Friday at Labor Lyceum IIall, 6th and Brown Wash. St.; Recording Secretary, Sylvester D. Sts. President, Gilbert Surfass, 1330 .Roston Deering, 18 Washingten St.; Treasurer, Sidney S. Ave.; Financial Secretary, John Eberle, 1009 Favor, 121 Rogers St. Arizona St.; Recording Secretary, Chas. Miller, No. 700, Pittsburg, Kan.-Meet. Tuesday at 160 E. Ontario St.; Treasurer, William Reber, Labor Headquarters, N. Broadway St. President, 1230 Harold St. C. A. Wiles, 1704 N. Elm St.; Vice President, George Harmon. care Head Ligftt Bldg.; Finan­ No. 680, Fond du Lac, Wis.-Pres:dent, R. ~. cial Secretary, H. H. Borden, P. O. Box 407 .G~ Mason; Vice President, Burt Baker, 224 E. Cot· care Borden Elect. Co.; Recording Secretary, R. ton St.; Financial Secretary, Chas. L. Hildebrand, L. Hodson, W. 8th St. Y. M. C. A. Bldg.; Recording Secretary, Al Resimuis. (a) No. 701, Wheaton, 111.-Financial Sec­ retary, M. J. Burckal. Wheaton. Ill. (b) No. 681, Scotts Bluff, Neb.-Meets last Saturday in month in Srivet House, White St. President, W. W. Phlllips, Gerin!!" Neb.; Vice (a) No. 702, Herrin, Il1.-Meets ev~ry Sunday President, Guy Carne, Mitchell; Ftnancial Secre· at Ingraham HalJ, N. Park Ave. President, Law­ tary, Walter Ford; Treasurer. C. J. Gokery. rence Hundley, Herrin, Ill.; Vice President, Joh", THE ELECTRICAL WORKER

~mpfer, Herrin, III.; Financial Secretary, F. D. N. Bonner, 445 ¥eridian St.. Eo Bolton, ?l..,.; Sprlnp, 617 S. 18th St., Rerria, ID.; Reeordin, Treunrer, A. A. Valoi.. 133 Kimball .4.ve., secretary, Ranaom Little, 304 S. 18th St., Henin. ReTere, 1lUa. nt.; Treasurer, David Baker, Herrin, Ill. No. 716. Houmn, Tex.-Meeta Thursday .t (a) No. 703, Edwartisville, I1l.-Meeta lK""Ond 1111~ CanlTca St. President, J. M. Stevena. ...d fourth Fridars of each month i. Bohm Hall, 2009 Everett St.; Bus\ness Aient, K. Wlaaley, Vain arid Vandalla Sta. President, E. B. Hunter, Box 395; FinacW Secretary, W. J. Peters, 2000 Edgemont, III.; Vi"" Preeident, G. L F"taher, 1833 J eifenlOn Ave.; Rccordini Secretary, E. N. Hen­ State St., Granite City, III.; Financial Secretary, sh.... 2105 Leeland Ave.; Treasurer, J. V. C. H. Hou; Recording Secretary, E. G. Wern.:r; Shown, Houston Heights. Tex. Treasurer, Wm. Duel. ('b) No. 717, Bo~ton, Mass.-Meets first and No. 706,' International Falls., Ma..... -Fipancial third Tuesdays each month in Wells' Memorial S""retary, Ceo. Charters, Box 186. Building. Washington, St. President, E. J. Hogan, 30 Dundee St.; Vice President, L. S. Blowera, '(a) No. 707, Holyoke, Ma.sa.-MeeU ,econd 153 C01"lleU St., Roslindde, Mass.; Financial and fourth Tuesdays of each month at 205 Hich Secretary. P. J. McWilliams. 199 Blue Hill Ave.• St. President, Chas. E. Hunter, Dooley', 100; Roxbury, Mass; Recording Secretary, P. F. Vice President, Wm. Larey, 96 Chayin St.; Fin­ Grant, 87 Sheridan St.. Jamaica Plain, Mas •. ; ancial Secretary. F. E. Coward. 94 Sycamore St.; Treasurer, A. J. Davis. Jr.• 18 Fifield St., Dor­ Recording Secretary. Ralph E. Denver. 141 chester. Mals. NOnotuck St.; Treasurer. H. H. Bolter. 35 Willow St. (b) No. 718. Paducah. Ky.-Meets first a ..4 third Monday 'nights at Central Labor Hall, 3d '(a) No. 708. Bra'inerd. Minn.-Meets second Broadway St. President. George Grim, 718 S. Thursday of each month at Theviot Hall, S. 8th 1ltb St.; Vice President, J. O. Pate, 4 J effersoa; St. President. CharIes R. IIse. 223 Kindred St.; Financial Secretary. George Brown, 50Z S. 6th Vice President. Dean Wilson, Imp"rial Block; St.; Recording Secretary, Carl Elmendorf, 439 S. Financial Secretary, H. Roberts. 1702 E. Oak St.; 3d; Treasurer, Geo. B. Brown, 502 S. 6th St. Recording Secretary, A. An.dahl, Jron Exchange Hotel; Treasurer, Otto Peterson, Windsor Hotel; (a) No. 719, Manchester. N. H.-Meets first and third Fridays of each month on 39 Manchester (g) No. 709. Philadelphia, Pa.-Meets first and St. President. Forest Evans, 836 Beech St.; Vice third Monday. of every month in Lewer's Hall, President. Chas. M. Warner. 75 Sagamore St.; 9th and Spring Garden. Prelident, Chas. Eger, Financial Secretary. Gus Schmalfus, 199 Hunter 2422 S. 15th St.; Vice President. W. E. Hattman, St.; Recording Secretary. Walter Sims, 432 Lin­ 145 Fitzgerald St.; Financial Secretary. W. V. coln St.; Treasurer, Albert Milville. 325 Central J as. Provence. 5352 Yocum St.; Treasurer, M.t­ St. thew Pierce. 6644 Haddington St. No. 720, Moherly, Mo.-Meets first and th:rd No. 710, Northampton, Mass.-Meets second Mondays in each month at 409 Reed St. l'resi­ .and fo·urth Thursdays at A. O. H. Hajj, Main dent, G. T. Little, 409 Reed St.; Vice Pre!>ident, St. President, Albert J. Asher, I Eastern Ave.; H. B. Rilcher, 409 Reed St.; Financial Secretary, Augus McKen!ie. 15 Hampton Ave.; Financial B. -W. Sanders, 115 S. 4th St.; Recording Secre­ Secretary, Edward O·Neill. 24 Armory St.; Re­ tary, Harry Soloman, 641 N. Ave.; Treasurer, cording Secretary, Edward O'Neill, 24 Armory J. L. Walker. 109 N. Williams St. St.; Treasurer, John L. Burke. 348 N. King St. (c) No. 722, New Haven, Conn.-Meets sec­ (h) No. 713, Chicago, IlI.-Meets first and ond and fourth Thursdays at Trades Council Hall, third Tuesdays of each month on 365 W. Madi· Chapel St. President, Walter Lines. 1010 Camp­ son 91. President, John A. Jackson, 4536 In­ bell Ave.• West Haven. Conn.; Vice President, diana Ave.; Vice President, August Prassel, 655 John J. Bowen. Chapel St.• New Haven, Conn.; Aldine Ave.; Financial Secretary. Ph'i!ip J. Mc­ Financial Secretary. Harry Weston, Jr.• 749 State Ginn, 365 W. Madison St."; Recording Secretary, St.. New Haven. Conn.; Recording Secretar)"t A. Lang. 1433 S. 59th Ave., Cicero; Treasurer, Clarence A. Lipe, 261 Crown St .. New Haven, Wm. H. Dettman, 1806 N. Fairfield Ave. Conn.; Treasurer, George R. Saunders, 62 Whit­ ney Ave.; New Haven, Conn. (a) No. 714, Charlestown, Mass.-Meet.- first and third Tuesdays of the month in Owl's Hall, No. 723, Ft Wayne. Ind.-Pre.ident, T. Flem­ {j6 Main St. President, R. R. Swanson, 33 L"x­ ine N. Clinton St.; Vice Prelident, F. Sheldon, ington St., Everett. Mass.; Vice President. H. 111'1 Hanna St.; Financial Secretary, Z. Z. Millet, F. O'Connell, 819 4th St., South Boston, Mas •. ; 507 La Salle St.; Recording Secretary, A. lkr,.,~ Financial Secretary, James A. Ago, 62 Barry St., 630 E. Waahington St.; Treasurer, S. Evan., Dorchester. Mass.; Recording Secretary, Will'iam Butler St. PRICE LIST OF SUPPLIES.

Charter Fee, for each member ...... $1.00 Seal ...... 3.50 Rolled Gold Charms ...... 2.00 Solid Gold Emblematic Buttons, large ...... 1.00 Solid Gold Emblematic Buttons, small ...... 75 Heavy Rolled Gold Emblematic Buttons, each ...... 50 Solid Gold Cuff Buttons, per pair ...... 3.75 Rolled Gold Cuff Buttons, per pair ...... 1.50 Constitutions, per 100 ...... 5.00 Membership Cards, per 100 ...... 1.00 Traveling Cards, per dozen ...... 50 Withdrawal Cards, with Transfer Cards, per dozen ...... 50 Application Blanks, per 100 ...... 50 Extra Rituals, each ...... 25 Working Cards, per 100 ...... 50 Official Letter Paper, per 100 ...... 50 Official Envelopes, per 100 ...... 50 Official Notices of Arrears, per 100 ...... 50 Set of Books, including Receipts, Warrants, etc...... 5.00 Receipt Book, (750 receipts) ...... 3.00 Electrical Worker Subscription, per year...... 25 Treasurer's Account Book ...... 50 Treasurer's Receipt Book ...... 25 \Varrant Book for R. S...... 25 Financial Secretary's Ledger, 200 pages ...... 1.50 Financial Secretary's Ledger, 400 pages ...... 2.50 Minute Book for R. S...... 75 Day Book ...... 50 Roll Call Book ...... 50 Receipt Holders, each ...... 15 Obligation Cards, Double, per dozen ...... 25 Permit Cards, per 100 ...... 50 Full-sized Pencil carbon for Receipt Books, per sheet. . . . .05 Metal Union Labels, per 100 ...... 1.00 Labels, per 100 ...... •..•...... •..••••••••••••••• 15

Note-The above articles will be supplied when the requisite amount of cash accompanies the order, otherwise the order will not be recognized. All supplies sent by us have postage or ex­ press charges prepaid. Address, Chas. P. Ford, I. S.