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Motivating Healthy Behaviors Annotated Bibliography Choices and Changes: Motivating Healthy Behaviors Copyright 1996‐2015 Revised October 2015 Institute for Health Care Communication 171 Orange Street, 2R, New Haven, Connecticut 06510‐3111 (800) 800‐5907 www.healthcarecomm.org Table of Contents Choices & Changes Literature ......................................................................................................................................... 1 E-Resources ................................................................................................................................................................ 122 Patient/Client Resources ............................................................................................................................................ 130 * Denotes reference from benchmark / classic literature † Denotes recently added references Choices & Changes Annotated Bibliography Copyright 1996-2015 Revised October, 2015 Choices & Changes Literature † Abed MA, Himmel W, Vormfelde S & Koschack J. (2014). Video-assisted patient education to modify behavior: A systematic review. Patient Education and Counseling, 97(1): 16 - 22 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of video-assisted patient education to modify behavior. METHODS: Fourteen databases were searched for articles published between January 1980 and October 2013, written in English or German. Behavioral change as main outcome had to be assessed by direct measurement, objective rating, or laboratory data. RESULTS: Ten of the 20 reviewed studies reported successful behavioral modification in the treatment group. We discerned three different formats to present the information: didactic presentation (objective information given as verbal instruction with or without figures), practice presentation (real people filmed while engaged in a specific practice), narrative presentation (real people filmed while enacting scenes). Seven of the ten studies reporting a behavioral change applied a practice presentation or narrative presentation format. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of video-assisted patient education is a matter of presentation format. Videos that only provide spoken or graphically presented health information are inappropriate tools to modify patient behavior. Videos showing real people doing something are more effective. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: If researchers wish to improve a skill, a model patient enacting the behavior seems to be the best-suited presentation format. If researchers aim to modify a more complex behavior a narrative presentation format seems to be most promising. Ackerman E, Falsetti SA, Lewis P, Hawkins AO, & Heinschel JA. (2011). Motivational interviewing: A behavioral counseling intervention for the family medicine provider. Family Medicine, 43(8): 582-585. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether adult participants who receive a brief motivational interviewing (MI) intervention delivered by a family medicine provider (family nurse practitioner or family medicine resident [MD]) progress to the next stage of change and increase physical activity. METHOD: A pilot study that included enrollment of 30 patients who failed usual care counseling to increase physical activity by their family medicine provider. Each study participant received three MI sessions over a 3- month period and an initial face-to-face session followed by two telephone counseling sessions scheduled approximately a month apart. Stages of Change were measured by the Exercise Stages of Change Short Form, and physical activity was measured using the Community Healthy Activities Model Program (CHAMPS) activities questionnaire. RESULTS: Among the study participants, 80% (n=24) progressed to the next stage of change. Study participants also increased activity from baseline to completion. CONCLUSIONS: MI counseling offers promise as a valuable intervention that can be used by family medicine providers to address patients’ ambivalence to promote advancement through the stages of change and increase physical activity in the overweight patients. Page 1 Choices & Changes Annotated Bibliography Copyright 1996-2015 Revised October, 2015 †Adams A, Realpe A, Vail L, Buckingham CD, Erby LH, Roter D. (2015) How doctors’ communication style and race concordance influence African–Caribbean patients when disclosing depression. Patient Education and Counseling, 98(10): 1266–1273. Highlights •Doctor–patient race concordance was not important for African Caribbeans. •A patient-centred communication style made African–Caribbeans more comfortable. •African–Caribbeans rated doctors with a HPC versus LPC style more positively. •African–Caribbeans’ treatment preferences were sensitive to communication styles. Objective: To determine the impact of doctors’ communication style and doctor–patient race concordance on UK African–Caribbeans’ comfort in disclosing depression. Methods: 160 African–Caribbean and 160 white British subjects, stratified by gender and history of depression, participated in simulated depression consultations with video-recorded doctors. Doctors were stratified by black or white race, gender and a high (HPC) or low patient-centred (LPC) communication style, giving a full 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Afterwards, participants rated aspects of doctors’ communication style, their comfort in disclosing depression and treatment preferences Results: Race concordance had no impact on African–Caribbeans’ comfort in disclosing depression. However a HPC versus LPC communication style made them significantly more positive about their interactions with doctors (p = 0.000), their overall comfort (p = 0.003), their comfort in disclosing their emotional state (p = 0.001), and about considering talking therapy (p = 0.01); but less positive about considering antidepressant medication (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Doctors’ communication style was shown to be more important than patient race or race concordance in influencing African Caribbeans’ depression consultation experiences. Changing doctors’ communication style may help reduce disparities in depression care. Practice Implications: Practitioners should cultivate a HPC style to make African–Caribbeans more comfortable when disclosing depression, so that it is less likely to be missed. †Aggarwal NK, Pieh MC, Dixon L, Guarnaccia P, Alegría M, Lewis-Fernández R. (2015). Clinician descriptions of communication strategies to improve treatment engagement by racial/ethnic minorities in mental health services: A systematic review. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2015.09.002. Highlights •Communication affects mental health treatment retention for minority patients. •Communication can be divided into cultural content and interpersonal context. •Cultural content is important for minorities starting and maintaining treatment. •Interpersonal context is important for minorities participating in treatment. •Clinicians can improve content and context communication skills. Objective: To describe studies on clinician communication and the engagement of racial/ethnic minority patients in mental health treatment. Methods: Authors conducted electronic searches of published and grey literature databases from inception to November 2014, forward citation analyses, and backward bibliographic sampling of included articles. Included studies reported original data on clinician communication strategies to improve minority treatment engagement, defined as initiating, participating, and continuing services. Page 2 Choices & Changes Annotated Bibliography Copyright 1996-2015 Revised October, 2015 Results: Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria. Low treatment initiation and high treatment discontinuation were related to patient views that the mental health system did not address their understandings of illness, care or stigma. Treatment participation was based more on clinician language use, communication style, and discussions of patient-clinician differences. Conclusion: Clinicians may improve treatment initiation and continuation by incorporating patient views of illness into treatment and targeting stigma. Clinicians may improve treatment participation by using simple language, tailoring communication to patient preferences, discussing differences, and demonstrating positive affect. Practice implications: Lack of knowledge about the mental health system and somatic symptoms may delay treatment initiation. Discussions of clinician backgrounds, power, and communication style may improve treatment participation. Treatment continuation may improve if clinicians tailor communication and treatment plans congruent with patient expectations. * Ajzen I, & Fishbein M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. CONCEPT OF PROBLEM DEVELOPMENT: A person's intention is a function of his/her attitude toward the behavior and the perception of the social pressures put on him/her to perform or not to perform the behavior (also known as the "subjective norm"). In order to define and measure behavior, one should determine whether the interest is in the behaviors or the outcomes of those behaviors. CONCEPT OF CHANGE: Any behavior is described as having the following four elements: the action, the target at which the action is directed, the context in which it occurs, and the time at which it is performed. Behaviors have been found to be predictable from the intentions of individuals. However, unlike behaviors, outcomes are not completely under a person's volitional control. To be able to predict outcome,
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