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Octocoral Mar Fish Review

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Supplemental Citations Alcolado, P. M., R. Claro-Madruga, and R. Estrada. 2000. Status and prospective of coral reef management in Cuba. Coral Reef Status Report for Cuba, GCRMN. Accessed 13 October 2013 from reefbase.org/pdf/%20GCRMN2000CUB. Alcolado P. M., P. Garcia-Parrado, and D. Hernandez-Munoz. 2008. Composition and structure of gorgonian communities of coral reefs in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago, Cuba: Connectivity and Determinant Factors. Bol. Invemar. 37(1):11–29. Alino, P. M., P. W. Sammarco, J. C. Coll. 1988. Studies of the feeding preferences of Chaetodon melannotus (Pisces) for soft corals (Coelenterata; Octocorallia). Proc. Sixth Int. Coral Reef Symp. Townsville 3:31–36. Andrews, K., L. Nall, C. Jeffrey, S. Pittman, K. Banks, C. Beaver, and W. Jaap. 2005. The state of coral reef ecosystems of Florida. p. 150–200 In The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Natl. Ocean Serv., NCCOS, Silver Spring, Md., 522 p. Armando Sanchez, J., and H. Wirshing. 2005. A field key to the identification of tropical western Atlantic zooxanthellate octocorals (Octocorallia: Cnidaria). Carib. J. Sci. 3:508–522. Ata, A., R. G. Kerr, C. E. Moya, and R. S. Jacobs. 2003. Identification of anti-inflammatory 1 diterpenes from the marine gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Tetrahedron 59:4215– 4222. Bak, R. P. M. 1987. Effects of chronic oil pollution on a Caribbean coral reef. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 18:534–539. Baker, D. M., K. Kim, J. P. Andras, and J. P. Sparks. 2011. Light-mediated 15N fractionation in Caribbean gorgonian octocorals: implications for pollution monitoring. Coral Reefs 30:709– 717. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-011-0759-x. Ballantine, D. L., R. S. Appeldoorn, P. Yoshioka, E. Weil, R. Armstrong, J. R. Garcia, F. P. Otero, C. Sherman, E. A. Hernandez-Delgado, A. Bruckner, and C. Lilyestrom. 2008. Biology and ecology of Puerto Rican coral reefs. In B. M. Riegl and R. E. Dodge (Editors), Coral Reefs of the USA, p. 375–406. Springer, Dania Beach, Fla. Banks, K. W., B. M. Riegl, V. P. Richards, B. K. Walker, P. Kevin, K. P. Helmle, L. K. B. Jordan, J. Phipps, M. S. Shivji, R. E. Spieler, and R. E. Dodge. 2008. The reef tract of continental southeast Florida (Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties, USA). In B. M. Riegl and R. E. Dodge (Editors), Coral Reefs of the USA., p. 175–220. Springer, Dania, Fla. 2 Bardales, A. T. 1981. Reproductive patterns of three species of octocorals (families Telestidae, Briareidae, Plexauridae) in the vicinity of La Parguera, Puerto Rico. M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. Puerto Rico at Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, 86 p. Bayer, F. M. 1952. New western Atlantic records of octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with descriptions of three new species. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 42(6):183–189. __________. 1959. Octocorals from Surinam and the adjacent coasts of South America. Stud. Fauna Surinam and Guyanas 6:1–43. ________. 1964. The genus Corallium (Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia) in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Bull. Mar. Sci. 14(3):465–478. __________ and E. Deichmann. 1958. Two new plexaurid gorgonians from the Bahama Islands. Bull. Mar. Sci. Gulf Carib. 8(3):224–235. __________ and A. J. Weinheimer (Editors). 1974. Prostaglandins from Plexaura homomalla: Ecology, Utilization, and Conservation of a Major Medical Marine Resource: A Symposium. Studies in Tropical Oceanography No. 12, University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, FL. 165 p. Behety, P. A. 1975. Nuevos reportes de gorgonaceos (Coelenterata) para Cuba. Academia de Ciencias Serie Oceanologica No. 3, 9 p. 3 Beiring, E. A. 1997. Life history and reproductive success of a broadcast-spawning gorgonian coral and implications for conservation biology. Dissertation Thesis (Ph.D.), SUNY-Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 137 p. Bellwood, D., T. Hughes, C. Folke, R. Steneck, and J. Wilson. 2005. New paradigms for supporting the resilience of marine ecosystems. Trends Ecol. Evol. 20:380–386. Boller, M. L., T. D. Swain, and H. R. Lasker. 2002. Skeletal morphology and material properties of a fragmenting gorgonian coral. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 228:131–141. Brazeau, D. A., and C. D. Harvell. 1994. Genetic structure of local populations and divergence between growth forms in a clonal invertebrate, the Caribbean octocoral Briareum asbestinum. Mar. Biol. 119:53–60. __________ and H. R. Lasker. 1988. Inter-and intraspecific variation in gorgonian colony morphology: quantifying branching patterns in arborescent animals. Coral Reefs 7:139–143. __________ and __________. 1989. The reproductive cycle and spawning in a Caribbean gorgonian. Biol. Bull. 176:1–7. __________ and __________. 1992. Growth rates and growth strategy in a clonal marine invertebrate, the Caribbean octocoral Briareum asbestinum. Biol. Bull. 183:269–277. 4 Brinkhuis, V. 2009. Assessment of gorgonian transplantation techniques offshore southeast Florida. M.Sc. Thesis, Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center, Dania Beach, Fla., 96 p. Bruckner, A. W. 2005. The importance of the marine ornamental reef fish trade in the wider Caribbean. Rev. Biol. Trop. 53:127–137. Cadena, N. J., C. Rey, M. Hernández-Hoyos, J. Sánchez, T. Darío, A. N. Stanislas, and J. A. Sánchez. 2010. Linking local to global properties in branching modular networks: gorgonian coral colonies. Mar. Biol. 157:1003–1010. (doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-009-1380-1). Cairns, S. D. 2009. Influence of Frederick (Ted) M. Bayer on deep-water octocoral research. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 397:7–10, doi: 10.3354/meps08066. Cerrano, C., A. Arillo, F. Azzini, B. Calcinai, L. Castellano, C. Muti, L. Valisano, G. Zega, and G. Bavestrello. 2005. Gorgonian population recovery after a mass mortality event. Aquat. Conserv. Mar. Freshw. 15:147–157. Chacón-Gómez, I. C., J. Reyes, and N. Santodomingo. 2012. Deep-water octocorals (Anthozoa: Cnidaria) collected from the Colombian Caribbean during “Macrofauna Explorations” 1998– 2002. Boletín de Invest Mar. Costeras INVEMAR. 41(1):193–211. Chamberlain, C. K. 1967. Some Octocorallia of Isla de Lobos, Veracruz, Mexico. Coastal Stud. 5 Inst., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA. Chiappone, M., H. Dienes, D. W. Swanson, and S. L. Miller. 2003. Density and gorgonian host- occupation patterns by flamingo tongue snails (Cyphoma gibbosum) in the Florida Keys. Carib. J. Sci. 39(1):116–127. __________ and K. M. Sullivan. 1997. Reef invertebrates of the Exuma Cays: Part 2 – Octocorals. Bahamas J. Sci. 6:31–37. Coffroth, M. A., T. L. Goulet, and S. R. Santos. 2001. Early ontogenic expression of specificity in a cnidarian-algal symbiosis. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 222:85–96. __________ and H. R. Lasker. 1998a. Larval paternity and male reproductive success of a broadcast-spawning gorgonian, Plexaura kuna. Mar. Biol. 131:329–337. __________ and __________. 1998b) Population structure of a clonal gorgonian coral: the interplay between clonal reproduction and disturbance. Evolution 52(2):379–393. __________, _________, M. E. Diamond, J. A. Bruenn, and E. Bermingham. 1992. DNA fingerprints of a gorgonian coral: a method for detecting clonal structure in a vegetative species. Mar. Biol. 114:317–325. __________, C. L. Lewis, S. R. Santos, J. L. Weaver. 2006. Environmental populations of 6 symbiotic dinoflagellates in the genus Symbiodinium (Freudenthal) can initiate symbiosis with reef cnidarians. Curr. Biol. 16:985–987. Collier, C., R. E. Dodge, D. Gilliam, K. Gracie, L. Gregg, W. Jaap, M. Mastry, and N. Poulos. 2007. Rapid response and restoration for coral reef injuries in southeast Florida: Guidelines and recommendations. Workshop Presentation. Fla. Dep. Environ. Prot. (FDEP) through an agreement with the National Coral Reef Inst. (NCRI) at Nova Southeastern Univ. __________, R. Ruzicka, K. Banks, L. Barbieri, B. Beal, D. Bingham, and 21 additional authors. 2008. The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of Southeast Florida. Paper presented at The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA, Natl. Ocean Serv., NCCOS. Silver Spring, MD, 569 p. Coma, R., and H. R. Lasker. 1997. Effects of spatial distribution and reproductive biology on in situ fertilization rates of a broadcast-spawning invertebrate. Biol. Bull. 193:20–29. __________, E. Pola, M. Ribes, and M. Zabala. 2004. Long-term assessment of temperate octocoral mortality patterns, protected vs. unprotected areas. Ecol. App. 14(5):1466–1478. Correa, H., B. Haltli, C. Duque, and R. Kerr. 2013. Bacterial communities of the gorgonian octocoral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Micro Ecol. 66:972–985. __________, A. L. Valenzuela, L. F. Ospina, and C. Duque. 2009. Anti-inflammatory effects of 7 the gorgonian Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae collected at the Islands of Providencia and San Andrés (SW Caribbean). J. Inflamm 6(5), doi:10.1186/1476-9255-6-5. D’armas, H., D. Bermúdez, and A. Castera. 2004. Bioactividad de algunos octocorales de aguas Venezolanas. Saber 16(1):19–25. Dayan, N., A. Babik, T. Higgs, and H. Lasker. 2011. The harvest of marine-derived cosmetic ingredients: A case study of Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. Cosmetics and Toiletry 126(8):572–577. de Putron, S. J., and J. S. Ryland. 2009. Effect of seawater temperature on reproductive seasonality and fecundity of Pseudoplexaura porosa (Cnidaria: Octocorallia):latitudinal variation in Caribbean gorgonian reproduction. Invert. Biol. 128:213–22, doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2009.00170.x. Devictor, S. T., and S. L. Morton. 2010. Identification guide to the shallow water (0–200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight. Zootaxa 2599:1–62. Drohan, A. F., D. A. Thoney, and A. C. Baker. 2005. Synergistic effect of high temperature and ultraviolet-B radiation on the gorgonian Eunicea tourneforti (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Plexauridae). Bull. Mar. Sci. 77:257–266. Dube, D., K. Kim, A. P. Alker, and C. D. Harvell. 2002. Size structure and geographic variation 8 in chemical resistance of sea fan corals Gorgonia ventalina to a fungal pathogen.
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  • Genetic Divergence and Polyphyly in the Octocoral Genus Swiftia [Cnidaria: Octocorallia], Including a Species Impacted by the DWH Oil Spill

    Genetic Divergence and Polyphyly in the Octocoral Genus Swiftia [Cnidaria: Octocorallia], Including a Species Impacted by the DWH Oil Spill

    diversity Article Genetic Divergence and Polyphyly in the Octocoral Genus Swiftia [Cnidaria: Octocorallia], Including a Species Impacted by the DWH Oil Spill Janessy Frometa 1,2,* , Peter J. Etnoyer 2, Andrea M. Quattrini 3, Santiago Herrera 4 and Thomas W. Greig 2 1 CSS Dynamac, Inc., 10301 Democracy Lane, Suite 300, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA 2 Hollings Marine Laboratory, NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 331 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412, USA; [email protected] (P.J.E.); [email protected] (T.W.G.) 3 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th and Constitution Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA; [email protected] 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, 111 Research Dr, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) are recognized around the world as diverse and ecologically important habitats. In the northern Gulf of Mexico (GoMx), MCEs are rocky reefs with abundant black corals and octocorals, including the species Swiftia exserta. Surveys following the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in 2010 revealed significant injury to these and other species, the restoration of which requires an in-depth understanding of the biology, ecology, and genetic diversity of each species. To support a larger population connectivity study of impacted octocorals in the Citation: Frometa, J.; Etnoyer, P.J.; GoMx, this study combined sequences of mtMutS and nuclear 28S rDNA to confirm the identity Quattrini, A.M.; Herrera, S.; Greig, Swiftia T.W.
  • Cnidarian Immunity and the Repertoire of Defense Mechanisms in Anthozoans

    Cnidarian Immunity and the Repertoire of Defense Mechanisms in Anthozoans

    biology Review Cnidarian Immunity and the Repertoire of Defense Mechanisms in Anthozoans Maria Giovanna Parisi 1,* , Daniela Parrinello 1, Loredana Stabili 2 and Matteo Cammarata 1,* 1 Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; [email protected] 2 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.G.P.); [email protected] (M.C.) Received: 10 August 2020; Accepted: 4 September 2020; Published: 11 September 2020 Abstract: Anthozoa is the most specious class of the phylum Cnidaria that is phylogenetically basal within the Metazoa. It is an interesting group for studying the evolution of mutualisms and immunity, for despite their morphological simplicity, Anthozoans are unexpectedly immunologically complex, with large genomes and gene families similar to those of the Bilateria. Evidence indicates that the Anthozoan innate immune system is not only involved in the disruption of harmful microorganisms, but is also crucial in structuring tissue-associated microbial communities that are essential components of the cnidarian holobiont and useful to the animal’s health for several functions including metabolism, immune defense, development, and behavior. Here, we report on the current state of the art of Anthozoan immunity. Like other invertebrates, Anthozoans possess immune mechanisms based on self/non-self-recognition. Although lacking adaptive immunity, they use a diverse repertoire of immune receptor signaling pathways (PRRs) to recognize a broad array of conserved microorganism-associated molecular patterns (MAMP). The intracellular signaling cascades lead to gene transcription up to endpoints of release of molecules that kill the pathogens, defend the self by maintaining homeostasis, and modulate the wound repair process.
  • Curriculum Vitae

    Curriculum Vitae

    CURRICULUM VITAE Elizabeth (Beth) Anne Horvath Education: --May, 1976, Bachelor of Arts, Biology--Westmont College --August, 1981, Masters of Science, Biology--Cal. State Univ., Long Beach Dissertation Title: Experiences in Marine Science, an Introductory Text. Supplemental Research Projects: Pelagic Snails; Development in Pelagic Tunicates; SEM studies of Luminescence in Pelagic Tunicates --Selected Graduate Level Courses beyond Master's; subjects include-- Channel Island Biology, Deep Sea Biology, Conservation Biology; also Field Course: Natural History of the Galapagos Islands (UCLA) Teaching Experience: (Emphases on: Marine Biology, Invertebrate Zoology, Marine Ecology and Natural History, Zoology, Marine Mammals) --Westmont College, 1978-1998, Part time to Full time Instructor --Santa Barbara City College, 1989-1990, Instructor (Human Anatomy) --Westmont College, 1998-2013, Assistant Professor; 2013-Present, Associate Professor --AuSable, Pacific Rim: Assistant/Associate Professor, 1998-2006; 2018-Present --CCSP-New Zealand: Associate Professor, Spring, 2010, Fall, 2011, Fall, 2012 Courses Created/Developed: (Undergraduate level, most Upper Division): Marine Biology, Invertebrate Zoology, Marine Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Marine Mammal Ecophysiology, Animal Diversity, General Zoology Rank: First Year at Westmont: Instructor (part-Time), 1978; Full-Time, 1988 Previous Rank: Instructor of Biology, 1990-1998; Assistant Professor, 1998-2013 Present Rank: Associate Professor, Fall 2013 to the present Administrative Duties Have Included: