1

TRANSCRIPT OF A SPEECH BY THE PRIME MINISTER

MR. LEE KUAN YEW AT A LUNCH-TIME RALLY HELD AT

FULLERTON SQUARE ON 2ND JULY, 1965.

Friends,

This is a very different situation from the last Hong Lim by-elections; different because the issues have widened, and we have now got to the core of our problems. Before, we were being side-tracked. Some people were thinking that they could make a Cuba out of : you (had) Barisan

Socialis. Ong Eng Guan (was) also shouting away like Barisan Sosialis, trying to compete with Barisan Sosialis as to who could be more revolutionary. But in the end, we knew that he would run out of gas because that was a one-man horse-carriage; it could not run like Barisan. We knew that. So even then, the problem was the Communists and Barisan. And so the problem will be not just this year (but) for 10 years, for 20 years.

Believe me, we spend a lot of time thinking about these things. Do not believe that the Communist problem will disappear. Now they are down, yes.

But you know, they are down because they are isolated publicly; identified with the Indonesians; shouting the same slogans, "Crush !" like the

Indonesians; coming back via parachute; coming back in sampans and leading Indonesian terrorists into Malaya; traitors! So, they are isolated.

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So, when they go and hold their meetings, they have only got their own little clack of supporters. But do not forget: down though they may be, they are fighting; and Communists always do that. And you never know: 10 years,

15 years, we make mistakes, up they come. And we are in danger of making mistakes.

Some people in Malaya believe that the Communist problem is over, and that therefore, the enemy now is PAP; not the Communists. The Communist problem is simple, solved, the enemy is PAP. Why? Because PAP (is) arousing the people on their rights on Malaysian Malaysia and so on. So, according to some of their lesser lights, you know, Mentri Besars and so on, I am enemy No.

1. But according to Tun Razak, of course, I am not an enemy since they have full trust and confidence in me and give me complete intelligence briefings and so on and so forth. But meanwhile, in Utusan they keep on pumping the line.

Now, it does not matter really. Hong Lim will be decided upon whether the five thousand votes that went to Ong Eng Guan will split evenly; in which case, we win because the last time we had more votes -- 3,007 as against

Barisan's 2,300 to 2,400. If Barisan wins all the 5,000, then they win. If we win all the 5,000 well, Barisan is in danger of losing some money. But that is neither here nor there.

The point is what happens after. What is the problem? The problem is whether you and I have a place in this country, and your children and my

lky\1965\lky0702 3 children are owners of this country; or whether they are here by leave and licence; tolerated, you know, can do business and make money, but please stay out of the management of the affairs of this country.

You know, this is a very insidious campaign; very subtle. They use two microphones: one for you and me, the multi-lingual English-speaking,

Chinese speaking, Tamil-speaking, they use this one. And they say, "Pears and goodwill, accommodation; let us be kind to each other; let us work together and form a united nation."

But what is more important is this other one which is going into the kampong; special microphone, VHF, very high frequency in Jawi. You and I do not understand, but they do.

I give you an example. You know, in today's Straits Times, you will see on the back page that UMNO youth led by Inche Senu, Minister for

Broadcasting and Information went up to see Tun Razak, (and had a) long conversation. And at the end of the meeting, you (will) find in today's Straits

Times, ... "Razak to UMNO youths: be calm and be prepared". I say this is (a) very funny thing to say.

Now, the Tunku likes this word "relax". He says, "Let us be relaxed."

Now, supposing he does say, "Be calm and be relaxed; do not worry," then I

will say, "This is a good news." But the man says, "Be calm and be prepared."

lky\1965\lky0702 4

So I say, "Where is Utusan? Call for Utusan."

You see, I cannot read the Jawi because it is really the Arabic script, and that is not in the Constitution. It is not the official script. So I got them to type out in Rumi, in Romanised Malay what Utusan says. Do you know what it says? Tun telah ,meminta segala ahli-ahli pergerakan pemuda UMNO di- seluroh negara supaya bertenang." You know "bertenang"? The root word is

"tenang", "ayer tenang": calm water. That is good. I like to hear that. "...dan berwaspada kerana masa'alah yang di-hadapi oleh Kerajaan sekarang ini ada-lah besar dan rumit". You know "ber waspada". Those of you who are learning

Bahasa Kebangsaan will know that the root word is without the "ber". "Ber" means "be on"; "waspada". You know, "waspada" is a very Indonesian word.

So I quickly borrowed the Indonesian dictionary.

I will tell you what "waspada" means. This is the "Kamus Moderen

Bahasa Indonesia," by Sutan Mohamed Zain. "Waspada": "awas". You know what "awas" means? On the signboard, fierce dog, "awas anjing"! "Awas, hati-hati, ingat-ingat”. So I looked up "awas". So we must know what is going to happen. "Awas" it says, is "Look out!" Says the Indonesian-English dictionary by Pino and Wattermans. So there you know. In English, they say,

"Be Prepared", like the Boys Scouts. It sounds all right. But in the special VHF going to the kampong, they say "berwaspada"!

If you read all that, you'll say, "Well, this is not a laughing matter, this".

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What shall we do? Shall we also form a PAP youth movement? So that when I come back from Kuala Lumpur, a PAP youth leader, a big delegation comes to see me led by the most youthful-looking man with a bald head! All youth leaders must have bald-heads; then they can impress the youths! And lead them to see me and we will have a long talk. Then after the talk is over, I say, "Be calm, and be prepared". But in Chinese and in Indian, we say, "Watch out!" So both sides go away and sharpen their staves. You see, like boy, scouts, they will sharpen their staves.

Where is all this going to lead to? We say this is our duty: every time they use this VHF, very high frequency in Jawi to the kampongs, we monitor; we listen, we translate, we put it into the other microphones; so you and I, we know what is happening.

So, when we know that is happening ... For instance, from the Straits

Times, you did not know what Inche Senu said, did you? But you know in

Utusan: "Kata Inche Senu" ... that is the youth leader, you know, a very young man -- "Saya perchaya pergerakan pemuda UMNO akan bertenang." That is

"calm"; that is a good word. "Bersedia" that is "be prepared" like the Boy

Scouts; that is not so bad. "... dan berwaspada" that is the "watch out" sign;

"menunggu", means "to wait" "arahan daripada Tun" "Arahan": you know,

"arah" means "direction"; "arahan" means "directions"; "waiting for orders";

"berwaspada menunggu arahan"! What is all this going on?

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We went there to try and reach some kind of rapport; to say, "Look,

where is all this leading to?" If every day this goes on, where will it lead to?

Do you know what they tell me? Particularly the MCA chaps? They say,

"Do not refer to this. Why do you talk about it? If we all do not talk about it,

just leave it alone, all will be peaceful." Do you think so?

You know, this was going on last year: April, May, June. Most of you

did not know. But I knew because I was reading the translations every morning.

And do you know whose newspaper is Utusan Melayu? Let me read it to you

..... This is a private limited company so the shareholders are secret; they do not

publish the shareholders; but I happened to be the legal adviser for eight years,

from 1951 to 1959, until I become part of the government here, and therefore I

could not work for them anymore. So, I know all the inside of Utusan Melayu,

and I also know quite a number of the inner workings. Because, our present

Yang di-Pertuan Negara was the founder and the Managing Director of this

company until June 1959 when he left.

Now, I do not want to give you any secrets which I know as a man who

happened to have had some knowledge of the inner workings of the company.

But I will just read to you their report on the directors. The directors' list is a fair

gauge of who runs the show. No.1 Chairman, Y.B. that means Yang Berhormat

- Dato Ibrahim Fikri, S.M.B.T.J.M.N.B.T.T.P.M.N.: Menteri Besar, Trengganu;

Yang Berhormat Inche Abdul Ga'afar bin Baba, Chief Minister, Malacca; Yang

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Berhormat Inche Abdul Samad bin Idris, Deputy Mentri Besar, Negri Sembilan

... And you can run through the whole list. All are what they call in Malay

"tokoh-tokoh besar UMNO; the whole lot of them. So who do you think this is owned by? Who is pumping this into the villages of Malaya every day; and what for?

I will tell you what for. You saw this other story; that I was reported to have said that the Sultans should be got rid of, published in yesterday's Straits

Times? Mentri Besar of Johore attacks me; and what Straits Times did not publish but what Utusan did: he attacked me and said that I should be arrested.

Working up feelings on the basis of a false report in Utusan Melayu. I am sure

Straits Times will publish my reply, and will publish what actually was said because every time I make a speech, to protect myself, I have a recording made.

So we can always play back the tape and find out exactly what was said. And in fact, far from saying sacking the Sultans and so on, let me read to you just a little bit of what I said in Kuala Lumpur on Monday Night. You see, Ja’afar

Albar was saying if we go on like this, he will join Indonesia. You remember that ? And he denied; he says he did not, but in fact Malaya Merdeka published it. And I said on Monday night:

"Look, before you want to join Indonesia, you better ask who

decides that Malaysia joins or does not join Indonesia.”

And I added that amongst the citizens who must be asked are the Sultans. I said,

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"What is more, better ask the Sultans. We in Malaysia ... the

Sultans are definitely in a secure constitutional position. I say this; they twist me: they say I want to abolish the Sultans. I never said that. I said the Sultans are secure, constitutional monarchs. We give them pension. They do not interfere in politics. They just read the Prime Minister’s speech in Parliament, the Chief Minister’s speech; all drafted by the Prime Minister, the Chief

Minister and the Mentri Besars. Change if you do not like the Prime Minister, the Chief Minister and so on. But do not change the Sultan; let him carry on.”

And they twist. And luckily, there is the tape to bear evidence. I have

Got some colleagues here too, who were present that night.

But, what is the purpose of this? To work up feelings, isn’t it, so that there is a wall of hate between the in the kampongs of Malaya and us.

Not just me. If it is me alone it is not so serious. But (it is) against any multi-racial group, any group that combines in one political party Chinese,

Malays, Indians, Dusuns, Kadazans which is a threat to the supremacy of the

Malay traditionalists. They govern on the basis of Malay fear for their future, and so all rally around the Malay traditionalists. But the price for doing all this is to endanger the very survival of this nation.

What is the way forward? You know, I am sorry for Barisan because these are what I would call the “expendables”, you know, the third team and the fourth team. The first team is on the Thai border: Chin Peng, Chan Tian and

lky\1965\lky0702 9 very experienced MCP cadres, to withdraw, and leave only the fellow-travellers and the weaker ones: you know, Ong Cham Sam, Dr Lee Siew Choh, all the others carry on. They know they cannot win; that this is a waste of time. By the ballot, they cannot win. But they can win by the bullet, you know.

And in Sarawak, they have started. This last raid was not possible if there

had not been local Communists to lead the Indonesians in and to blow up the

police station.

And in the end, of course, their plan is to have in Sarawak revolution, a

state of unrest, thousands of soldiers running around chasing a few terrorists;

and at the same time restart in Malaya.

I tell you quite frankly that if the problem of Malaysia, of a multi-racial

society, cannot be solved by the ballot, by constitutional democratic means,

open adjustments, open argument, accommodation, then it will be settled by

force. Which is what I mean when I say the Communists are hoping to settle it

by the bullet. When it comes to that -- it has not come to that yet -- but when it

does, then I will concede to you when it comes to that -- that if you want to

subscribe to buy bullets, do not give to me because my party and I we are not

experienced at using bullets. But the MCP are experienced at using bullets.

But we are more experienced and we have more knowledge of the

constitutional mechanics both internally and internationally than the MCP.

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Certainly, more than their third or fourth team which they are now fielding. If you want the open argument, if you want your rights to be asserted to defend and secure your future through democratic means: as long as they offer you the vote, give it to the PAP. We know how this can be done; not just internally, but also to mobilise international opinion for the right of self-determination of 11 million : Not the rights of any one single group to dominate the others, but the will, the expression of the collectiive desires of 11 million

Chinese, Indians, Dayaks, Dusuns, and others besides Malays. This is the problem we face.

You know, it is very different from 1961. In 1961, we had first to get into

this larger home. And there was no other way. You know, if Singapore were the

size of Johore, we may never have gone for merger, because I think it would not

have been necessary; we might have gone on our own. But Singapore is not the

size of Johore; and there were very strong compelling reasons why we should

join. And even Barisan... Have you seen their latest copy of the Plebian? What

do they say? "Crush Malaysia." And after that? What happens after that?

Do you know what they are saying? Sabah, Sarawak: vote; decide for

themselves. Singapore and Malay a re-negotiate; complete merger. Even they

are caught by geography; must be. Even with so many reserved powers for

Singapore, there is all this friction. You tell me what will happen with complete

merger. Riots every day. Do you mean to tell me if the Chief Education Officer

of the State of Singapore appointed from Kuala Lumpur -- Inche something

lky\1965\lky0702 11 something Aminuddin -- tells Chung Cheng High School, "Take down your signboard, put it up in the National Language", everything will be peaceful? Or do you think immediately, like Ngee Ann College, (there will be) black banners, white stripes and chaps are running around. This is not possible. They do not mean a word of this. What they mean is this: that the Communist Party of

Indonesia and the Malayan Communist Party and other Communist parties in

Asia interested in the region have reached an agreement. They have done a

"pakat", in 1961. Singapore, Malaya: your sphere of influence. You know, when gangsters get together, they carve up their territories: from Lorong 23 downwards, that is my territory; scram. I don't want to see you.

So, they always say Sabah, Sarawak: give up. Because they have agreed

to give it to the PKI. And they only talk of Malaya and Singapore. Have you

noticed that? You watch it; every time they talk, it is Malaya and Singapore,

Malaya and Singapore; (they) never include Sabah, Sarawak.

I will tell you this. Ask them at their next mass rally ... Never mind

whether it is better for the Communists ... but ask them whether it is better for

us, in Malaysia; better for Malaysians, or even better for that we

should have Sabah and Sarawak out.

Do a little bit of calculation. I have kept on saying that demography,

geography and history are on the side of Malaysians. And I will explain that.

You know, demography means the science of distribution of peoples. And

lky\1965\lky0702 12 demography in Malaysia means 11 million people, 39% Malays .... They never like to hear these percentages. They always get a bit worried. But this is not a subversive document ... I quote from the -- the old government -- Annual Report, a solemn document, officially sold across the counter for two dollars a copy. 39% Malays: Dayaks, Dusuns, Muruts, others

7%; Chinese 42%; Indians about 10%; the others 2 to 3% in Pakistanis,

Ceylonese, Eurasians. So, no one group can say this is my Malaysia because…

I am always telling any chap who is thinking of asking the Chinese to unite.

"Don’t be stupid; sure to lose." You shout, "Chinese unite"? If I were a non-

Chinese, I will say, "Look, what is all this about? We had better get together because this chap is going, `All Chinese unite'. What is going on?"

I say if 42% Chinese unite, 58% will unite against them. Similarly, those who keep on shouting "Malays unite" ... I say this is not an intelligent way. You are sure to lose. So they open statistics and the annual reports; they look at it; and they get a fright; they say, "Please don't mention that any more."

We do not want to mention these things but facts are there. So

demography is on our side.

I tell you that another thing is on our side: geography. You know, Sabah

and Sarawak are 1,000 miles away, there is a big ocean in between in which

there are Indonesian submarines and cruisers and destroyers. You see, this is

like Pakistan -- east and west Pakistan. You have got east Malaysia -- Sabah and

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Sarawak -- and west Malaysia: Malaya and Singapore. You want to have a coup, an army coup like Boumedienne in Algiers? It is very complicated. It is not so easy: you can only govern this by the consent of the people. Once you do not have consent, then you have got to use force! And the question is -- is there enough force?

You know, not only must you have enough guns and knives and bayonets. You must also have big ships, not patrol boats and "Mutiara" -- air- conditioned cruisers -- that is no good. You have to have big ships like the

British Navy has got which is now helping to ferry things across; a big air force.

Do you know that there are 60,000 troops now in Borneo? Gurkhas and British and Australians -- 50,000, has Malaysia got 50,000 troops? Only 10,000.

Now if you get rid of Sabah and Sarawak, all the 10,000 come to

Singapore, maybe that is possible, isn't it? So I say look, if Sabah and Sarawak want to leave Malaysia, I will immediately demand a revision of the whole arrangement in Malaysia because we calculated before Malaysia, that with

Sabah and Sarawak in, it would be better for us. So you see, geography is on our side! And these stupid fellows in Barisan say, "Give Sabah and Sarawak away!"

You give Sabah and Sarawak away, then you will have a Colonel

Boumedienne turning up in Kuala Lumpur. Because he can try, you know. It is going to be very difficult but it is "triable" you see. Send three-quarters of the

lky\1965\lky0702 14 army down to Singapore, and then proclaim .... But with Sabah and Sarawak, that is complicated. Who is going to carry your army over to Sabah and

Sarawak? The British, the Australians, the New Zealander? So we must make sure what they are thinking; and we must make sure that they know what we will do in those circumstances.

And I will tell you this. I was interested in Australia and New Zealand not because only of the Government's attitude. What is more important -- because they are open democratic societies -- is the people's attitudes, their thinking.

And I was very reassured that they know what has happened in South Vietnam, they know that it is not a worthwhile proposition. And they are backing the right of Malaysians, 11 million to determine their future. Not the right of any Army

Colonel or any group to do what they like with British, guns, aircraft-carriers, cruisers, aeroplanes and so on.

The last point is: people say, "Why raise all these things now? Why not just keep quiet? Confrontation on, we raise all these things, people will get unhappy." I will tell you why. You know, if you look back over the history of the last 20 years -- as I have done every now and again, looking up the old savigrams, the telegrams that used to go between the governors here and the

British government in London -- in 1945, `46, `47, the generation ahead of us, the leaders then did not know what an historic opportunity they allowed to go by.

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In 1945, the British Labour Government offered Malaya a future as a multi-racial nation -- the Malayan Union. Then you know, Data Onn organised

UMNO to right it; and then they changed it into the Federation of Malaya; or, as the word goes in Malay -- Persekutan Tanah Melayu. It has got a lot of meaning there, you know.

As I go along, I begin to realise how important it is to look at the original phrase -- do not just read the English translation. What is the chap saying on his

VHF? Not the "Federation of Malaya", but "Persekutuan" -- which means

Federation -- and "Tanah Melayu".

A historic opportunity was led by. If we knew then -- if the leaders knew then what was at stake, and mobilised the people and public opinion to counter this malicious communal propoganda, today we would not be facing this trouble. Today, people will realise not only in Singapore but also all the way up to Perlis that this is a multi-racial nation, and will always be a multi-racial nation. But what opportunity has slipped -- gone, 20 years.

And I say to you now that the easier thing for me and my colleague is to

keep quiet; just pretend that all this is not happening. And in 10, 15 years' time,

your children will ask you -- when they are cornered and everybody in the

kampong is quite satisfied and firm that this is Malay country -- they will ask

you, "Father, what did you do when Malaysia was formed in 1963" Why did

you allow this to happen to me?" And I say we take a stand now! This is

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Malaysian country. Agree this in principle, and I register my profound disagreement with any other communal country because it cannot be agreed to.

There may be a little unhappiness . . . You can't -- I mean look, even when I meet Tun Razak, Dato Syed Ja'afar Albar is unhappy. What can I do? If

I don't meet Tun Razak after he has invited me to a meeting, he will say, "Oh,

Lee doesn't want to talk." I meet him politely, take all the trouble to go up to

Kuala Lumpur and he says, "Can't trust him -- not happy at all". Well, in any case, chaps like him will not be happy with our ideas because we believe in a secular, multi-racial society.

This is very important, you know -- the Constitution. Ours is a secular

state, not a theocratic state. Pakistan is a theocratic state. You open the

Constitution of Pakistan and it says, "This is a state founded upon God." Then it

goes on from there ... And when they say, "God", they mean their God not your

God, you know. And it has got very serious connotations.

So you see, When Utusan Melayu comes up with this stuff and it says,

"Ah, what is all this? The way of life prescribed in the Constitution -- Islam; and

if you and I become Muslims, then we can be co-owners. And I quickly take my

Constitution and read it again once through. I said, "Did I miss a clause?". No.

We read it very carefully. This is a secular state, Islam is the official religion of

the Federation and that the government supports it, but this is not a State

founded upon God. This is a State founded by upon the rights of all Malaysian

lky\1965\lky0702 17 citizens, one-man-one vote and government of Malaysians by Malaysians. And people who talk about our not being accustomed to Malay rule... I say they had better read the Constitution once more.

So you see, either way, we have got these problems. If we postpone them, they become bigger. I say let us take the stand now. They are there. But, as I said, demography is on our side: Geography is also on our side. You see there is this water, and this large land mass. As I said in the last Parliament in the presence of Temenggong Jugah, the Dayak chief, I said the Dayaks are a head-hunting people. And if they are really angry, you can send 10,000 troops, they may never be seen again, never be found in the wide expanse of the

Sarawak jungle. Now they are friendly you know .... and there is a lot of trouble this CCO -- Communist leading in the Indonesians ... Supposing the Ibans also joined in. I say, it is gone, isn't it?

So you see, Sarawak and Sabah are assets to us. Just as if Singapore were to go out of the Federation, so Sarawak and Sabah will be trapped like the other states in Malaya. Similarly, we cannot afford to agree with Barisan that Sarawak and Sabah go out. Sarawak and Sabah stay in, and as long as Sarawak and

Sabah are in.... You see, there are three Ss... This is a little mnemonic gimmick which will help you remember that there are enough Malaysians in Malaysia.

You see you remember the phrase -- Malaysians in Malaysia. There are three Ss there: M A L A Y S I A N S, plus again "Malaysia" three Ss-

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Singapore, Sabah, Sarawak. But actually, when we signed in London, it was

Sabah, Sarawak, Singapore. We were last. They said it was because of alphabetical order, you know.

SABAH - SAB; SARAWAK - SAR; SINGAPORE last -- SI! Never mind. So long as last but not least, you know... In any case, you can put us any where you like. There we are, in the centre of . And there we will be till the end of time. And so long as you have got the guts to stand up and say, "I am a Malaysian, this is my country" ..... now, not 10 years, 15 years….

Confrontation over, we will be in a very ticklish position.

You see, they are asking us now to join the vigilante corp. defend

Malaysia; National Service; give money to the Defence Fund -- all patriotic

appeals. And I say, "Yes, yes --- surely, surely; but please tell me what is this in

aid of?" You know, like the chap comes wanting to sell you a flag, you say,

"What is this? RSPCA or help the blind or the deaf or the dumb ... What is it

about?" Then they say, "For Malaysia". I say, "Well, that is very good."

Then, who owns Malaysia? That is the next question; that is very

important. If you and I, according to Ja'afar Albar you know .. he has used the

word "Orang Tumpangan"; that means you and I "tumpang". And you say,

"Cough up"? I say this does not make sense to me. I sweat, I work, I labour;

we run around to mobilise opinion within Malaysia, international sympathy for

Malaysia -- we would like to know in the victory parade, are we there or not?

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Supposing we do not ask these questions, we keep quiet; there will be grave misunderstanding. We think it is in aid of us altogether -- Malays,

Chinese, Dusuns, Dayaks, Kadazans. But they think it is in aid of them only -- the victory day celebrated, chaps are marching down with medals and we will be by the roadside having to clap hands for them. I say no -- don't do that. Now we settle: do you and I have the same shoulder-flashes, and are in the same army or not? Are we Malaysian citizens or are we not? Does Malaysia belong to all Malaysians? If you say, "Yes", I am with you. If you say, "No", I will say,

"Let's look in the Constitution again. We can think of other arrangements."

You see, we cannot afford to give way because if we just remain silent, another 10, 15 years, we would have let the next generation down. They are lost, they are cornered, in a fixed situation.

And I say, last of all, history is on our side. We cannot lose. Show me one country in Asia, in Africa, in any part of the world where time moved backwards, not forwards. You know, when after chasing British imperialists, colonialists, chasing out the French and so on, you go back to the tribal society, and chiefs become bigger chiefs ... You know, in Africa, they have African chiefs all with gold stools, and they sit down ... Whoever has the gold stool, he is the boss man. Modern chiefs now: Kwame Nkrumah, Osagyefo of Ghana – and he is not superstitious. He hasn't got a golden stool. He has got a big chair in Parliament House, and he sits down there with lancers blowing trumpets. So, time must move forward.

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And I say the open, liberal, forward-looking generation that is being born and educated now will ensure that this society moves forward; and never moves backwards. I am not sure whether I will be at the victory parade or not because I can walk down the street and get knocked down by a bus. And from time to time we must never forget that people can arrange for buses to knock the chaps down. So, you have got to walk very carefully....

But I am quite sure of this: that what I am fighting for, what you must

fight for, to secure your future and your children's destiny: that must win.

History is on our side.

And this little by-election in Hong Lim marks that one milestone in the

history of Malaysia. Let it be registered throughout Malaysia that there are

enough Malaysians in Singapore to make Malaysians out of all Malaysia.

You see, all the problems have altered. Barisan is running around the

streets, saying "Unemployment, curfew, confrontation, bombs, lack of business,

no trade with Indonesia, Bank of China closed." These chaps are fighting old

battles in new circumstances. They cannot adjust. So they say, "Work up the

people against the Singapore Government." They are wrong.

Who caused Confrontation? Indonesia. Who caused the loss of trade?

Indonesians. Who closed the Bank of China? You know, I know. So, who must we influence? The Central Government. Who can bring more influence to bear

lky\1965\lky0702 21 in Parliament, the democratic way? PAP or Barisan? You know, they have three chaps in Parliament who are like mice; they can't speak; tongue-tied in the midst of all this regalia, swords and maces and the special head gear: they are flummoxed, they do not know want to say.

But we say and we will keep on saying. "For a Malaysian Malaysia; towards a Malaysian nation; towards a Malaysia which is governed by

Malaysians for the benefit of all Malaysians."

Thank you!

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