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TELEVIZIJOS MUZIKINIO PROJEKTO „X FAKTORIUS“ POPULIARUMĄ LEMIANTYS VEIKSNIAI Magistro Darbas

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TELEVIZIJOS MUZIKINIO PROJEKTO „X FAKTORIUS“ POPULIARUMĄ LEMIANTYS VEIKSNIAI Magistro Darbas VYTAUTO DIDŽIOJO UNIVERSITETAS MUZIKOS AKADEMIJA DAINAVIMO KATEDRA Rūta Damijonaitienė TELEVIZIJOS MUZIKINIO PROJEKTO „X FAKTORIUS“ POPULIARUMĄ LEMIANTYS VEIKSNIAI Magistro darbas Studijų kryptis: MUZIKA (0111) Atlikimo menas valstybinis kodas 621W31006 Vadovas: doc. dr. Daiva Bukantaitė (moksl. laipsnis, Vardas, pavardė (parašas) (data) Apginta: doc. dr. Saulius Gerulis (parašas) (data) Kaunas, 2014 0 Santrauka Rūta Damijonaitienė TELEVIZIJOS MUZIKINIO PROJEKTO „X FAKTORIUS“ POPULIARUMĄ LEMIANTYS VEIKSNIAI Televizija pamažu ir negrįžtamai įsisuko į pramogų verslą, kuris ne tik gana pelningas, bet ir paveikus – padedantis gan efektyviai manipuliuoti visuomenės nuotaikomis ir kurti šou atmosferą (Pruskus V., 2012) Televizijos muzikinis projektas ‚X faktorius“ tai vienas populiariausių televizijos projektų visame pasaulyje Darbe siekta išsiaiškinti kas lemia muzikinio TV projekto populiarumą. Tyrimo objektas: TV muzikinio projekto „X faktorius“ populiarumą lemiantys veiksniai. Tyrimo tikslas: atskleisti televizijos muzikinio projekto „X faktorius“ populiarumą lemiančius veiksnius. Tyrimo tikslui pasiekti, iškelti šie uždaviniai: - Apibrėžti populiariosios kultūros raišką, - Pristatyti televizijos projektą ‚X faktorius“, - Pateikti projekto dalyvių ir darbuotojų nuomones apie ‚X faktoriaus“ populiarumą lemiančius veiksnius - Tyrime metodai: - Mokslinės literatūros ir dokumentų analizė - Interviu Populiariosios kultūros raiška pirmiausiai stebima televizijoje, kitose komunikacijos priemonėse ir masiniuose renginiuose, reiškiasi kasdieniame gyvenimo būde, tačiau tai nėra mass media kultūra. Populiariajai kultūrai būdingi simboliai, įtraukimas, naujai formuojamos tradicijos, vartotojiškumas, aprangos stilius, pripažinimas, pramoga, reklama, autentika, demonstruojamas intymumas ir tuo pačiu kritinis vertinimas ir nepritarimas. Populiarioji kultūra sukelia malonius pojūčius ir šis malonumo teikimo požymis yra pagrindinis populiariosios kultūros vartojimo aspektas. Populiariojoje kultūroje ieškoma naujovių, nuotykių ir rizikos Televizijos muzikinio projekto „X faktorius“ populiarumą lemia įvairių matomų (marketingas, laidos formatas, projekto teisėjai ir projekto dalyvių kuriamos istorijos ir pasirodymai, dalyvių ir teisėjų stilius ir įvaizdis, projekto dalyvių vertinimas) ir nematomų (komandinis darbas, projekto žiūrovai, intriga siužete, filmavimo kokybė) papildančių vieni kitus veiksnių sintezė. 1 Summary Rūta Damijonaitienė FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE SUCCESS OF MUSICAL TELEVISION PROJECT „X-FACTOR“ Television has slowly and irreversibly joined the show business, which is not only profitable but also influential – it helps to effectively manipulate the mood of the society and create a show atmosphere. (Pruskus V., 2012) The musical television project „X factor“ is one of the most popular television projects in the world. The aim of this thesis was to find out what determines the popularity of the TV project. Object of the research: The factors that determine the popularity of the musical television project „X factor“. Aim of the research: to reveal the factors that determine the popularity of the musical television show „X factor“. To achieve the aim of the research, these tasks were posed: - To define the expression of the popular culture. - To present the television project „X-factor“, - To present the opinions of the participants and the staff of “X-factor”, about the factors that determine the popularity of „X-factor“ Methods of the research: - Scientific literature and document analysis - Interviews The expression of popular culture is witnessed on television, other means of communication and mass events, it shows itself in the everyday life but it does not belong to the mass media culture. Symbols that are common to popular culture, inclusion, newly formed traditions, consumerism, clothing style, acknowledgment, fun, advertisement, authenticity, demonstration of intimate and critical assessment and negation. Popular culture gives pleasant feelings and this pleasure is one of the main popular culture consuming aspects. Popular culture provides innovation, adventures and risks. The popularity of musical television project „X-factor“ is determined by various visual (marketing, form of the show, judges and the stories of the participants, dressing style of the judges and participants, assessment of the participants) and non-visual (team-work, the viewers, intrigue in the plot, quality of the camera work) aspects, which supplement one another in a common synthesis. 2 TURINYS ĮVADAS .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1. TELEVIZIJOS PROJEKTO „X FAKTORIUS“ FENOMENO APTARTIS .......................... 7 1.1. Populiariosios kultūros raiška ........................................................................................... 7 1.2. Televizijos projekto „X faktorius“ pristatymas .............................................................. 11 2. TELEVIZIJOS PROJEKTO „X FAKTORIUS“ FENOMENO TYRIMAS ......................... 16 2.1. Tyrimo metodologija ...................................................................................................... 16 2.2. Tyrimo rezultatų pristatymas .......................................................................................... 18 2.3. Diskusija ir refleksija ...................................................................................................... 29 IŠVADOS ...................................................................................................................................... 32 LITERATŪRA .............................................................................................................................. 33 PRIEDAI ....................................................................................................................................... 36 3 ĮVADAS Televizija ir laidos, transliuojamos joje dažnai yra labai prieštaringai vertinamos. Ypač daug neigiamos nuomonės apie televiziją galima perskaityti atskiruose tinklaraščiuose, įvairiuose straipsniuose periodinėje spaudoje, televizijos reikšmė ar įtaka dažnai analizuojama baigiamuosiuose studentų darbuose, ši tema tapo beveik nuolatine rubrika vaiko raidai skirtuose žurnaluose, kuriuose televizija ir jos žiūrėjimas priešpastatomas šeimos santykiams, vaiko vystymosi raidai, asmens socializacijai. Neigiamų straipsnių lavinoje, sutinkami ir priešingi darbai, kuriuose apibrėžiama televizijos nauda, jos ugdomasis ar šviečiamasis poveikis. Štai Mažeikis G. (2007) televizijos laidose įžvelgia ugdomąjį poveikį ir teigia, kad „pastarųjų metų realybės šou, televizinių žaidimų ir konkursų praktika, susijusi su įvairiais projektais parodė, kad šios laidos ir veiklos yra ne tik pramoginės, bet ir labai kryptingai orientuotos edukacine prasme“. Minėtas autorius TV transliuojamuose projektuose akcentuoja interaktyvų ryšį su auditorija ir jų edukacinį poveikį, besireiškiantį per interaktyvų asmens ugdymą, keičiamą tikrovę pagal TV laidos formato turinį, užtikrintą nominaciją, sukuriant deramą simbolinį kapitalą. Tuo tarpu G. Karoblis (2014) dalyvaudamas A. Kairiūnaitės interviu, teigia, kad televizija patenkina žmonių prigimtinį poreikį paliežuvauti. Vertindamas šokių projektus, autorius pastebi, kad TV projektų populiarumą lemia demokratijos atspalvis ir pletkų kultūra. Nors šioje kultūroje pasitaiko daug netiesos, ji nustato rėmus- įformina žvaigždes , kurios be šios kultūros neurėtų formos. Žmonėms to reikia, nes tai labai svarbi prigimties dalis. Pasak autoriaus, dabar žmonės neranda laiko užpildyti prigimtiniam poreikiui paliežuvauti su draugais, pažįstamais ir t. t., jį patenkinti siūlo televizija. Laidos, kai balsuojama už kažkurį dalyvį, girdima, kaip kas nors yra kritikuojamas, apkalbamas, vertinamas, yra labai priimtinos. Tereškinas A. (2013) atkreipia dėmesį į tai, kad „panieka popkultūrai – tai būdas parodyti socialinį pranašumą. Pasišlykštėjimas viešai reiškiamomis emocijomis, aiškinimas, kad esi be galo racionalus ir logiškas – paprasčiausias būdas pasisakyti apie savo socialinį pranašumą ir pareikšti, kad likusi masė – nemąstantys, o tik savo jausmuose paskendę „marozai“. Tuo tarpu Pruskus V. (2012) lyg apibendrinamas pastebi, kad televizija pamažu ir, atrodo, jau negrįžtamai įsisuko į pramogų verslą, kuris ne tik gana pelningas, bet ir paveikus – padedantis gan efektyviai manipuliuoti visuomenės nuotaikomis ir kurti šou atmosferą. Gauntlett (1999) atlikto tyrimo duomenimis, žmonės televizinę mokslinę fantastiką naudoja kaip būdą apmąstyti kitoniškumo sampratą ir taip įgyti patenkinamą savo pačių tapatumo sarmatą. Taipgi, per medijų kultūrą yra išsakomos idėjos ir reikšmės, remiančios įvairovę ir skirtingumą, o tai skatina socialines permainas. Masinė medijų kultūra veikia būdus, kai individas suvokia savo santykius. Nesvarbu, ar tai būtų rimta drama, ar paskalos apie įžymybes, tokių istorijų poreikis visada remsis permainų išryškinimu. (Černevičiūtė J., 2009) 4 A. Katinienė (2011) UAB „Mediaskopas“, atlikusios sociometrinį socialinės žiniasklaidos tyrimą, vadovė nurodė, jog žmonės diskutuoja ne tik apie sėkmingus projektus., socialinėje erdvėje išsakyta „gyva“ nuomonė, dažnai yra svarbesnė vertinant projekto sėkmę. Tyrimas įrodė, kad daugiausiai žmonių dėmesio nebūtinai susilaukia tie projektai, kurie buvo aktyviausiai viešinti tradicinės žiniasklaidos priemonėse. Žmonės „gyvai“ aptarinės tuos, kurie yra jiems aktualūs. Žinant, kad žmonių nuomonė – galinga jėga, ir kad ji ypač
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