I a STUDY of CHRISTOPHER's INTERPERSONAL CONFLICTS AS
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI A STUDY OF CHRISTOPHER'S INTERPERSONAL CONFLICTS AS SEEN IN MARK HADDON’S THE CURIOUS INCIDENT OF THE DOG IN THE NIGHT-TIME A THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree In English Language Education By: Raditya Wahyu Kumara Student Number: 031214111 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2008 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI iii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Where there is a will, there is always a way. (Anonymous) This thesis is dedicated to my lovely mother iv PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my greatest gratitude to Allah Swt. I thank Him for His blessing. For that reason I can finish my thesis. Second, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my major sponsor, Drs. L. Bambang Hendarto Yuliwarsono, M. Hum. for giving me part of his time reading my thesis and guiding me patiently. I would also like to thank all lecturers of the English Language Education Study Program for their help and guidance during my study in Sanata Dharma University. Third, I wish to express my greatest appreciation to my beloved parents, Sri widadjati and Suradi, for their endless attention and prayers to support me during my study. I would like to say thanks to my older sister, Upik, for the inspiration and for supporting me. I would also like to thank my lovely Cipluk for her support, patient, love and advice. Fourth, my special thanks are dedicated to: Melani, Andreas Yoga, Arinto, Grace, Cherly, Aji, Paul, Ambar, Yuli, Wisnu, Deta, Yoga and Timur for the finest and craziest time we have spent together day or night. And also to “Canteen” and “Tunggorono” community, especially Boy, Sinta et. al.. Finally, I would like to thank them who I cannot mention them one by one for their supports, time, advice, and prayers. Raditya Wahyu Kumara vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENT Page TITLE PAGE…………………………………………………………………….i PAGE OF APPROVAL…………………………………………………………ii PAGE OF ACCEPTANCE……………………………………………………..iii PAGE OF DEDICATION………………………………………………………iv STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY…………………………………v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………….. vi TABLE OF CONTENT……………………………………………………….. vii ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………….. xi ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………………… xii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study………………………………………………………1 B. Objectives of the Study………………………………………………………..4 C. Problem Formulation…………………………………………………………..4 D. Benefits of the Study…………………………………………………………..5 E. Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………….5 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Review of Related Theories……………………………………………………7 1. Character…………………………………………………………………….7 vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI a. Definition of Character…………………………………………………. 7 b. Kinds of Character ……………………………………………………... 8 2. Characterization………………………………………………………….... 9 a. Definition of Characterization………………………………………..... 9 b. Methods of Characterization………………………………………….. 10 3. Approaches……………………………………………………………….. 12 4. Conflict………………………………………………………………..……14 a. Definition of Conflict…………………………………………….…….. 14 b. Types of Conflict ………………………………………………..…… 14 c. Theory of Conflict Resolution…………………………………..………15 B. Criticism…………………………………………………………………… 22 C. Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………… 23 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY A. Subject Matter……………………………………………………………….. 25 B. Approach……………………………………………………………………...26 C. Procedure……………………………………………………………………...27 CHAPHER IV ANALYSIS A. The Description of Christopher………………………………………………29 B. Christopher’s Characteristics as an Autistic Boy…………………………….30 1. Christopher’s Learning Disabilities………………………………………..31 viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI a. Christopher’s Social Learning Disabilities………………………………31 1) Lack of Awareness of Others…………………………………………31 2) Lack of Social and Emotional Reciprocity…………………………...33 3) Lack of Social Imitation……………………………………………...34 b. Christopher’s Communicative Learning Disabilities……………………35 1) Deficits in Understanding Body Language and Facial Expression…..35 2) Deficits in Expressive Body Language and Facial Expressiveness…..37 3) Deficit in Understanding Spoken Language………………………….38 c. Christopher’s non- Social Learning Disabilities………………………...39 1) Lack of Imagination in Play………………………………………….39 2) Stereotyped and Repetitive Interest……………………………….…41 C. Christopher’s Interpersonal Conflict………………………………………….42 1. Christopher versus His Neighbors…………………………………………43 2. Christopher versus The policemen…………………………………………45 3. Christopher versus His Father……………………………………………...49 4. Christopher versus His Mother…………………………………………….55 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions………………………………………………………………….58 B. Suggestions…………………………………………………………………..60 1. Suggestion for Future Researchers………………………………………..61 2. Suggestion for Teaching-Learning Activity………………………………61 ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI The Implementation in Teaching Speaking………………………………..62 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………....64 LIST OF APPENDICES A. Summary of The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time………… (1) B. The Biography of Mark Haddon…………………………………………… (3) C. Lesson Plan for Teaching Speaking………………………………………… (5) D. Material……………………………………………………………………… (8) x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Kumara, Raditya W. 2008. A Study of Christopher’s Interpersonal Conflicts As Seen in Mark Haddon's The Curious Incident of The Dog in The Night-Time. Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program. Department of Language and Arts Education. Faculty of Teachers Training and Education. Sanata Dharma University. This study discusses the life of an autistic boy, Christopher, the main character in Mark Haddon’s novel, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night- Time. This study aimed to find out how Christopher, the main character, is described in the novel, Christopher’s characteristics as an autistic boy, and how he solves his interpersonal conflict as an autistic boy. This is a library research, conducted through reviewing several theories that are related to the study. Those theories are taken from secondary resources while the primary data is the novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time. In this study, psychological approach was applied. The result of the analysis showed that Christopher is the main character in the novel and he is autistic. Christopher, as an autistic boy, also has certain characteristics. He does not like being touched by other people even his parents. He does not like novel object. He has difficulty to interact with other people. It is also hard for him to understand and to use facial expressions and body languages. He has difficulties in understanding spoken language. He has low desire to earn approval of other people. He also has his own way of thinking. Christopher who is autistic also faces many conflicts with other people. First, he faces conflicts with his neighbors. Second, he faces conflict with the policemen. Third, he faces conflict with his father. Fourth, he also faces conflict with his mother. To solve his interpersonal conflicts, Christopher applies some strategies like mediation, avoidance, informal problem-solving discussion, non- violence approach, violence approach. Finally, this thesis provides some suggestions for future researches who would like to study the novel further using other approaches with some other topics. There are also some suggestions for English instructors in implementing The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time in speaking classes. xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK Kumara, Raditya W. 2008. A Study of Christopher’s Interpersonal Conflict As Seen in Mark Haddon's The Curious Incident of The Dog in The Night-Time. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Sanata Dharma.Yogyakarta. Studi ini membahas kehidupan seorang anak autis, Christopher, tokoh utama dalam novel karangan Mark Haddon yang berjudul The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bagaimana Christoper, sang tokoh utama, digambarkan dalam novel ini, untuk mengetahui bagaimana Christoper digambarkan sebagai seorang anak autis dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Christopher menyelesaikan konflik antara dirinya dengan orang lain sebagai seorang anak autis. Skripsi ini merupakan studi pustaka yang dilakukan dengan cara memakai teori-teori yang berhubungan dengan skripsi ini. Teori - teori tersebut berasal dari buku - buku yang merupakan sumber sekunder. Adapun yang menjadi sumber primer dari studi ini adalah sebual novel karangan Mark Haddon yang berjudul The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time. Dalam studi ini pendekatan psikologis di terapkan. Hasil dari analisis menunjukan bahwa Christopher adalah tokoh utama dalam novel ini dan dia adalah seorang autis. Christopher, sebagai seorang anak autis, juga mempunyai karakter tertentu. Dia tidak suka disentuh oleh orang lain. Dia tidak suka benda baru. Dia mempunyai kesulitan untuk berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Sangat sulit bagi nya untuk memahami expresi muka dan bahasa tubuh. Dia meiliki kesulitan dalam memahami pembicaraan.